Biology Letters最新文献_第2页

Divergence in cuticular wax profiles generates partial behavioural isolation between leaf beetle populations with different dispersal traits. 表皮蜡质分布的差异导致不同传播性状的叶甲虫种群之间的部分行为隔离。

IF 3 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0105

Yuki Chiba, Yoshiki Nomura, Masatoshi Hori

{"title":"Divergence in cuticular wax profiles generates partial behavioural isolation between leaf beetle populations with different dispersal traits.","authors":"Yuki Chiba, Yoshiki Nomura, Masatoshi Hori","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0105","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0105","url":null,"abstract":"Sex pheromones are among the most studied insect mating signals, with their extensive diversity underscoring their crucial role in promoting behavioural isolation during speciation. In Chrysomelidae, cuticular wax (CW), a hydrophobic layer covering the insect cuticle, functions as a mating signal and potentially facilitates behavioural isolation. Male leaf beetles use female CW as a mating signal, and their species-specific profiles prevent heterospecific matings, indicating that divergence in CW profiles may promote reproductive isolation and, hence, contribute to speciation. However, the role of CW as an isolating barrier remains unclear owing to limited knowledge regarding intraspecific divergence in female CW and its coevolution with male preferences. Through chemical analysis and behavioural experiments, we demonstrated that intraspecific divergence in female CW contributes to partial behavioural isolation between leaf beetle populations with different dispersal traits: the flight-capable macropterous and flightless brachypterous forms of Galerucella grisescens (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Our results demonstrated a divergence in female CW and male preferences at the intraspecific level, indicating the potential role of CW as an isolating barrier in Chrysomelidae. Additionally, our findings suggest that diverging dispersal ability can enhance divergence in pheromone communication channels, consistent with previous findings that loss of flight enhances beetle diversification.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 8","pages":"20250105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326271/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linking performance to powerhouse: mitochondrial aerobic metabolism in blood cells reflects flight endurance of house sparrows (Passer domesticus). 将性能与动力联系起来：血细胞中的线粒体有氧代谢反映了家雀（Passer domesticus）的飞行耐力。

IF 3 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0199

Riccardo Ton, Max M Gillings, Hector Pacheco-Fuentes, Antoine Stier, Simon C Griffith

{"title":"Linking performance to powerhouse: mitochondrial aerobic metabolism in blood cells reflects flight endurance of house sparrows (Passer domesticus).","authors":"Riccardo Ton, Max M Gillings, Hector Pacheco-Fuentes, Antoine Stier, Simon C Griffith","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0199","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0199","url":null,"abstract":"Identifying the physiological mechanisms underpinning inter-individual differences in performance and fitness remains a key challenge in organismal biology. Variation in mitochondrial aerobic metabolism has been suggested to underlie inter-individual variation in performance, but this remains seldom tested, partly because of the need to use terminal sampling for assessing mitochondrial parameters. To fill this knowledge gap, we investigated whether inter-individual variation in mitochondrial aerobic parameters measured from less-invasively taken samples (i.e. blood cells) would correlate with both anaerobic and aerobic metrics of flight performance in house sparrows (Passer domesticus). We predicted that mitochondrial aerobic metabolism should correlate with aerobic but not anaerobic metrics of flight performance. As expected, we found no evidence for a relationship between mitochondrial metabolism and the energy required to take-off (i.e. anaerobic), but flight duration to exhaustion (i.e. aerobic) correlated positively with both cellular mitochondrial respiration rates and oxidative phosphorylation efficiency, a proxy of mitochondrial efficiency to convert nutrients into ATP. Our results, therefore, support the idea that inter-individual variation in mitochondrial aerobic metabolism could underlie variation in aerobic performance and suggest that the nucleated blood cells of birds (and potentially other non-mammalian vertebrates) may be a relevant biological sample to test those links.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 8","pages":"20250199"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12326270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporal trends in allometry of shell calcification in northeastern Pacific venerid bivalves: implications for predicting responses to climate change. 东北太平洋软壳类双壳类异速钙化的时间趋势：对气候变化响应的预测意义。

IF 3 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0181

Elizabeth Bullard, Kaustuv Roy

{"title":"Temporal trends in allometry of shell calcification in northeastern Pacific venerid bivalves: implications for predicting responses to climate change.","authors":"Elizabeth Bullard, Kaustuv Roy","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0181","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0181","url":null,"abstract":"Despite literature spanning almost a century, how allometric relationships of phenotypic traits behave over evolutionary time remains poorly known for most marine species. In particular, the fossil record is seriously underutilized in this context despite harbouring a rich archive of traits. Here we use the late Pleistocene fossil record in San Diego, California, in conjunction with archival and field collected specimens, to quantify temporal changes in allometric relationships between shell size and calcification, two important functional traits, in five different species of marine bivalves. Our results reject the traditional hypothesis that allometric relationships are invariant over time. They also show that temporal changes in allometric relationships are species-specific, with closely related species showing divergent trends. Finally, we argue that information about the nature of long-term changes in allometric relationships of functionally important traits can provide a powerful yet underappreciated tool for understanding species and population responses to climate change.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 8","pages":"20250181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flap-necked chameleons change colour to match their background. 翻领变色龙会根据背景改变颜色。

IF 3 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0134

Tom Major, Alexia C M Hesten, Jan Stipala, Michael A Cant, Martin Stevens, Jolyon Troscianko

引用次数: 0

Correction: 'Vampire bats rapidly fuel running with essential or non-essential amino acids from a blood meal' (2024), by Rossi and Welch. 更正：“吸血蝙蝠从血液中摄取必需或非必需氨基酸，迅速为奔跑提供能量”（2024年），罗西和韦尔奇。

IF 3 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0088

Giulia S Rossi, Kenneth C Welch

引用次数: 0

Constraining the lifespans of early animals of the Ediacaran. 限制了埃迪卡拉纪早期动物的寿命

IF 3 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0348

Emily G Mitchell, Alavya Dhungana

{"title":"Constraining the lifespans of early animals of the Ediacaran.","authors":"Emily G Mitchell, Alavya Dhungana","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0348","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0348","url":null,"abstract":"Lifespans fundamentally impact life-history traits. These traits influence the tempo of biological cycles such as nutrient cycling and macro-evolutionary patterns over geological time. Yet, the lifespans of the first animals, found during the Ediacaran Period (approx. 580-539 Ma), are not well constrained, limiting our understanding of ecological and evolutionary change of early animals. In this study, we use the metabolic theory of ecology to estimate the maximum lifespans and evolutionary rates of 10 key Ediacaran taxa, constraining maximum lifespan variation for different environmental temperatures and modularity. We find a large range of different maximum lifespans for Ediacaran taxa (0.53-30.2 years), with longer lifespans in colder environments and for modular organisms (up to 40.4 years). Evolutionary rates were most impacted by environmental temperature, with the fastest evolutionary rates found in small, warm-water taxa. Ediacaran organisms pre-date macro-predation and so do not suffer this key downside of small body size. Therefore, these small, warm-water taxa kept the advantages of these higher evolutionary rates, without the predatory downside. The release from predation coupled to these fast evolutionary rates could help to explain the large morphological and taxonomic diversity found in the shallow-water Ediacaran assemblages, in contrast to the colder, deep-water assemblages.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 8","pages":"20250348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364566/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Flexibility of metabolic rate to temperature coincides with diapause strategy. 代谢率对温度的适应性与滞育策略一致。

IF 3 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0192

Kevin Roberts, Henrika J Bosua, Philipp Lehmann

{"title":"Flexibility of metabolic rate to temperature coincides with diapause strategy.","authors":"Kevin Roberts, Henrika J Bosua, Philipp Lehmann","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0192","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0192","url":null,"abstract":"During dormancy, insects operate on a fixed energy budget and suppress metabolic rate to extend the duration that their energy reserves last. Extending energy stores to last an entire winter can pose a significant challenge, as some habitats have winters that last most of the year. There are cases where insects enter dormancy in mid-summer and remain until the following spring. This multi-season dormancy should pose an even more significant energetic challenge, since these insects must conserve energy during winter, as well as the warmest period of summer. We compared metabolic rate-temperature curves of two related species of pierid butterflies: Pieris napi, which is dormant through winter, and Anthocharis cardamines, which exhibits a multi-season dormancy. This comparison was conducted at several time points under 18°C and 2°C acclimation conditions. We found that A. cardamines can maintain considerable metabolic suppression when acclimated to high temperatures, which is only maintained until they are exposed to low temperatures. Overall P. napi exhibits much lower levels of metabolic plasticity. Metabolic suppression exhibited in A. cardamines is enough to prevent increased rates of mass loss at high temperatures. Together, this provides evidence that both environment and life history timing of dormancy can shape metabolic plasticity.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 8","pages":"20250192"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Task affordances shape hornbills' problem-solving strategies. 任务支持塑造了犀鸟的问题解决策略。

IF 3 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0271

Elias Garcia-Pelegrin

{"title":"Task affordances shape hornbills' problem-solving strategies.","authors":"Elias Garcia-Pelegrin","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0271","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0271","url":null,"abstract":"Innovative problem-solving in birds has traditionally focused on corvids and parrots, but growing evidence shows that many other bird species are also capable of such feats. The vertical string-pulling paradigm, a hallmark test of avian cognition, requires birds to retrieve suspended food by incrementally pulling the string with their bill while securing it with their foot, demonstrating sensorimotor flexibility and the capacity to perceive some of the task's properties. However, Oriental pied hornbills (Anthracoceros albirostris) present an interesting case due to their distinctive foot morphology; their fused proximal phalanges may limit their ability to employ the typical foot assisted string-pulling technique used by other birds. In this study, six hornbills were presented with two string-pulling tasks, each requiring a different approach. Despite their anatomical constraints, five birds solved both problems on their first encounter, with average solution times under 18 s. Strikingly, individuals immediately deployed distinct and appropriate strategies: vigorous shaking to dislodge unsecured rewards and coordinated bill-and-tongue manipulation for secured ones. These rapid, flexible responses suggest that hornbills are highly sensitive to task properties and capable of adjusting their behaviour based on both environmental structure and their own morphology.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 8","pages":"20250271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12364582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct evidence of trophic interaction between a crocodyliform and a large terror bird in the Middle Miocene of La Venta, Colombia. 哥伦比亚拉文塔中新世中期鳄鱼形动物与大型恐鸟营养相互作用的直接证据。

IF 3 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0113

Andres Link, Jorge Wilson Moreno-Bernal, Federico Javier Degrange, Siobhan B Cooke, Luis Gonzalo Ortiz-Pabon, Cesar Augusto Perdomo-Rojas, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi

{"title":"Direct evidence of trophic interaction between a crocodyliform and a large terror bird in the Middle Miocene of La Venta, Colombia.","authors":"Andres Link, Jorge Wilson Moreno-Bernal, Federico Javier Degrange, Siobhan B Cooke, Luis Gonzalo Ortiz-Pabon, Cesar Augusto Perdomo-Rojas, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0113","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0113","url":null,"abstract":"Direct evidence of predation and other trophic relationships provide valuable information about trophic interactions between species in palaeo-communities. Data on ecological interactions amongst extant apex predators open a unique opportunity to better understand how sympatric apex predators coexisted or interacted with each other in the past. Here, we describe direct evidence of a predation or scavenging event in which we hypothesize that a medium-sized caiman (possibly Purussaurus neivensis) consumed (either through scavenging or through direct predation) a large terror bird. The distal part of a left tibiotarsus from a phorusrhacid had four pits inflicted on the cortical bone, and no signs of healing, suggesting it did not survive this trophic event. This record contributes to our current understanding of prey consumed by P. neivensis in the wetlands of the Pebas System of South America and indicates that large phorusrhacids might have had higher predation risk than previously expected. This study provides evidence of a trophic relation between apex predators and the complexity of trophic interactions in the diverse vertebrate palaeo-community of La Venta in the Middle Miocene of northern South America.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 7","pages":"20250113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12308325/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144688850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the role of microbiota in mediating sexually dimorphic infection outcomes in mealworm beetles. 探索微生物群在介导粉虫甲虫两性二型感染结果中的作用。

IF 3 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0136

Srijan Seal, Devashish Kumar, Pavankumar Thunga, Pawan Khangar, Manisha Gupta, Dipendra Nath Basu, Rhitoban Raychoudhury, Imroze Khan

{"title":"Exploring the role of microbiota in mediating sexually dimorphic infection outcomes in mealworm beetles.","authors":"Srijan Seal, Devashish Kumar, Pavankumar Thunga, Pawan Khangar, Manisha Gupta, Dipendra Nath Basu, Rhitoban Raychoudhury, Imroze Khan","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0136","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2025.0136","url":null,"abstract":"Sexually dimorphic responses to pathogenic infections in animals may stem from sex-specific differences in their life history and immune investment. Recent evidence highlights that such sex-specific variations in immune responses can also be critically regulated by the microbiota. However, direct experiments to test how the microbiota jointly impacts sex-specific immunity and vulnerability to pathogens are still limited. To this end, we used Tenebrio molitor beetles to first establish that the sexes appear to differ in their microbiota composition and infection responses. Females were more vulnerable to bacterial infections and carried a higher bacterial load than males. When we depleted the microbiota, only females improved their post-infection survival, leading to a decrease in the level of sex-specific divergence in infection outcomes. Males, on the other hand, remained unaffected. Microbiota recolonization (via feeding on faecal matter) of microbiota-depleted females increased their susceptibility to infection again, restoring the strong sexual dimorphism. We thus found a potential association between microbiota and infection responses. We also found reduced expression of an antimicrobial peptide, tenecin 1, in females, which could be associated with their higher infection susceptibility, but such immune gene versus phenotypic associations were not consistent across microbiota manipulations. Immune strategies that are required to mediate the plausible links between microbiota and infection response might thus vary with microbiota manipulations, warranting future investigations.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 7","pages":"20250136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12308324/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0