Biology Letters最新文献_第2页

Island size shapes genomic diversity in a great speciator (Aves: Zosterops). 岛屿的大小决定了一个大物种的基因组多样性。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0692

Ethan F Gyllenhaal, Michael J Andersen, Robert G Moyle, Joseph D Manthey

{"title":"Island size shapes genomic diversity in a great speciator (Aves: Zosterops).","authors":"Ethan F Gyllenhaal, Michael J Andersen, Robert G Moyle, Joseph D Manthey","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0692","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0692","url":null,"abstract":"Islands have long represented natural laboratories for studying many aspects of ecology and evolutionary biology, from speciation to community assembly. One aspect that has been well documented is the correlation between island size and taxonomic diversity, likely due to decreased complexity and population size on small islands. This same logic can apply to genetic diversity, which should predictably decrease with effective population size. The island size-diversity correlation has received support over the years but often focuses on single metrics of genetic diversity. Here, we use Zosterops white-eyes in the Solomon Islands to study the correlation between island size and various metrics related to genetic diversity, including runs of homozygosity and fixation of transposable elements. We find that almost all these metrics strongly correlate with island size, and in turn with each other. We infer that island size is independently correlated with these different variables, demonstrating that population size impacts genomic metrics of diversity in a variety of ways across temporal and hierarchical scales.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 3","pages":"20240692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11879625/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hosts eject conspecific parasitic eggs according to the egg size in a passerine. 寄主根据雀形目中卵的大小排出同种寄生卵。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0655

Alaïs Liénard, Diego Gil, Chantal Poteaux, Raquel Monclús

{"title":"Hosts eject conspecific parasitic eggs according to the egg size in a passerine.","authors":"Alaïs Liénard, Diego Gil, Chantal Poteaux, Raquel Monclús","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0655","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0655","url":null,"abstract":"Conspecific brood parasitism (CBP) is an alternative reproductive tactic in egg-laying species, where a female lays her eggs in the nest of a conspecific. In a population of spotless starlings (Sturnus unicolor), we observed that some eggs are ejected from the nest during CBP events. It is unclear whether this ejection is a parasitic strategy (a host egg is ejected) or an anti-parasitism strategy (the parasitic egg is ejected). To clarify this, we genotyped the eggs ejected on the ground and found that 100% of them were parasitic. Egg discrimination might be based on tactile or visual cues, and we hypothesized that egg size could be used by hosts to eject parasitic eggs. We conducted experiments in the field using dummy eggs of varying sizes. The results showed that starlings were more likely to eject eggs if they were smaller than their own eggs. In contrast, no significant pattern of egg ejection was observed for larger eggs. Our results suggest that starlings use egg volume recognition as an anti-parasitism strategy to avoid the costs of parasitism. Whether this is a frequency-dependent strategy is worth further studies.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 3","pages":"20240655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896707/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Homing through ecological barriers in Balkan pond turtles. 巴尔干池塘龟在生态屏障中归巢。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0442

Anat Levi, Omri Meir, Ohad Vilk, Ran Nathan, Sivan Toledo, Oren Kolodny, Yoni Vortman

{"title":"Homing through ecological barriers in Balkan pond turtles.","authors":"Anat Levi, Omri Meir, Ohad Vilk, Ran Nathan, Sivan Toledo, Oren Kolodny, Yoni Vortman","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0442","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0442","url":null,"abstract":"Homing behaviour, the tendency to return home from a place outside an individual's home, requires an ability to navigate by integrating inputs from natural cues. While navigation has been extensively studied, it remains taxonomically biased, mainly focusing on birds. We used the ATLAS tracking system to test homing behaviour of the Balkan pond turtle (Mauremys rivulata), a semi-aquatic reptile. Thirty-six turtles were displaced up to 2.5 km from their capture location and tracked to test for homing behaviour. Another five individuals were released in their capture location as a baseline for local movement. A correlated random-walk model was developed, simulating movement patterns fitted to match turtle movements. Most displaced turtles successfully returned or headed towards their home range within 1-3 days, travelling significantly greater daily distances within those days. Homing turtles showed a more direct and shorter delay than simulated or undisplaced turtles. Our high-resolution tracking revealed that water conduits served as eco-hydrological barriers, causing substantial delays or preventing turtles from passing through the water. Taken together, we demonstrate the navigation capability of the Balkan pond turtle, placing this species as a potential model system for navigation research and conservation biology, specifically as an indicator of wetland connectivity.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 3","pages":"20240442"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11936673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Old but attuned: the ability to decode babies' cries does not decline with age. 老而协调：解码婴儿哭声的能力不会随着年龄的增长而下降。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0667

Siloé Corvin, Clément Cornec, Roland Peyron, David Reby, Camille Fauchon, Nicolas Mathevon

引用次数: 0

Prenatal sex determination illuminates the unusual adult sex ratio of a group-living lemur. 产前性别决定阐明了群居狐猴不寻常的成年性别比例。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0418

Leonie Pethig, Arpat Ozgul, Michael Heistermann, Claudia Fichtel, Peter M Kappeler

{"title":"Prenatal sex determination illuminates the unusual adult sex ratio of a group-living lemur.","authors":"Leonie Pethig, Arpat Ozgul, Michael Heistermann, Claudia Fichtel, Peter M Kappeler","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0418","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0418","url":null,"abstract":"Most mammals, including humans, exhibit even or slightly male-biased birth sex ratios (BSRs) and female-biased adult sex ratios (ASRs) much later in life due to higher male mortality rates. The group-living primates of Madagascar are unusual in this respect because they lack female-biased ASRs, but it is unknown whether this is the result of skewed BSRs or sex-specific disappearance patterns. Using long-term demographic data from wild red-fronted lemurs (Eulemur rufifrons), we analysed their sex ratio dynamics across the lifespan. We assessed BSR via prenatal sex determination using maternal faecal oestrogen metabolite measurements during late pregnancy, confirming a visually determined equal sex ratio three months after birth, and indicating no early sex-specific mortality. Demographic analyses additionally disclosed higher female disappearance within the first 8 years of age, likely associated with reproductive effort early in life. Thereby, adult male survival had the greatest positive effect on the ASR. Our study offers a rare perspective on the dynamics of age- and sex-specific disappearance in a wild primate population, whose sex-reversed patterns may also contribute to a more general understanding of the mechanisms generating sex-biased mortality.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11858743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effects of anisotropic dispersal on species coexistence in a metacommunity. 各向异性扩散对元群落物种共存的影响。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0537

Naoto Shinohara, Koki R Katsuhara

{"title":"The effects of anisotropic dispersal on species coexistence in a metacommunity.","authors":"Naoto Shinohara, Koki R Katsuhara","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0537","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0537","url":null,"abstract":"Dispersal is a ubiquitous process occurring in any ecosystem, with a critical role in the regional coexistence of species that cannot coexist locally. However, previous studies have typically focused on a specific scenario where dispersal is isotropic, leaving the consequence of anisotropic, directionally skewed dispersal largely unexplored, despite its prevalence in natural ecosystems. In this study, we used simulations to study whether the anisotropy of dispersal promotes or hinders species coexistence in a metacommunity. We found that dispersal anisotropy plays a decisive role in species coexistence-with coexistence promoted when dispersal is more directed orthogonally to an environmental gradient, while it is less likely when dispersal is primarily parallel with the gradient. This occurred because dispersal directed orthogonally to the background environmental gradient transports individuals produced in 'good' habitats to other good habitats, creating conditions that favour several spatial coexistence mechanisms, such as spatial storage effects and fitness-density covariance. We conclude that the effect of anisotropic dispersal could be diverse, and therefore, it is necessary to consider the anisotropy and the distribution of environments for a better understanding of species coexistence in a metacommunity.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11835487/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Food deprivation is associated with telomere elongation during hibernation in a primate. 在灵长类动物冬眠期间，食物剥夺与端粒伸长有关。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0531

Marina B Blanco, Dana L Smith, Lydia K Greene, Jue Lin, Peter H Klopfer

{"title":"Food deprivation is associated with telomere elongation during hibernation in a primate.","authors":"Marina B Blanco, Dana L Smith, Lydia K Greene, Jue Lin, Peter H Klopfer","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0531","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0531","url":null,"abstract":"Telomeres, the protective ends of chromosomes, progressively shorten due to incomplete mitotic replication and oxidative stress. In some organisms, transient telomere elongation may occur, for example, when individuals have an energy surplus to counter stress-induced life events or when elongating telomeres is a last chance to increase fitness. Mammalian hibernators are good models to test telomere dynamics, as they cycle between prolonged bouts of metabolic depression (torpor) punctuated by short surges to euthermia (arousals). We studied captive fat-tailed dwarf lemurs (Cheirogaleus medius), strepsirrhine primate hibernators, that were food-deprived (n = 8) or fed daily (n = 7) during hibernation (4.5 months). We compared telomere lengths, assayed via qPCR from oral swabs, at five strategic time points that span a full year. Food-deprived subjects underwent multi-day torpor/arousal cycles, lost considerable body mass and elongated telomeres during hibernation but shortened them upon emergence. In contrast, food-provisioned subjects ate daily, lost body mass more slowly, underwent shallower and shorter torpor bouts and experienced little change in telomere lengths during the same periods. Our results highlight a complex relationship between telomere dynamics, energy balance and torpor expression. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the regulation of protective mechanisms in these primate hibernators.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240531"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Selection for tameness alters play-like behaviour in red junglefowl in line with effects of domestication. 驯化的选择改变了红丛林狼的游戏行为，这与驯化的影响是一致的。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0607

Rebecca Oscarsson, Johanna Gjøen, Per Jensen

{"title":"Selection for tameness alters play-like behaviour in red junglefowl in line with effects of domestication.","authors":"Rebecca Oscarsson, Johanna Gjøen, Per Jensen","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0607","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0607","url":null,"abstract":"The phenotypic alterations brought by domestication have been hypothesized to be driven by selection for tameness. To explore this, we selected red junglefowl (RJF) for high (HF) and low (LF) fear of humans for 14 generations. We previously found that domesticated chickens performed more play-like behaviours during early ontogeny, and therefore, in this study, we explored potential effects of tameness. Groups of three to four chicks were randomly created from each selection line, and each group was moved to an enriched play arena twice per week, from day 6 until day 53 post-hatch. The frequency of 14 different play-like behaviours, categorized as locomotor, social and object play-like behaviour were recorded for 30 min at every observation instance. Every group of three or four birds constituted the independent statistical replicates and measures were averaged within the groups. The frequency of total play-like behaviour as well as object, and locomotor play-like behaviour was significantly higher in LF, while social play-like behaviour was significantly more common in HF. This largely mirrors previous observations of differences between domesticated and ancestral chickens. Hence, our results support the important role of tameness for the evolution of domesticated behaviour.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11793954/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143187652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reciprocal costs of infection and reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster. 黑腹果蝇感染和繁殖的相互代价。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0475

Kiran Adhikari, Brian P Lazzaro

{"title":"Reciprocal costs of infection and reproduction in Drosophila melanogaster.","authors":"Kiran Adhikari, Brian P Lazzaro","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0475","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0475","url":null,"abstract":"Trade-offs occur when an organism has to allocate limited resources to multiple biological processes. How organisms allocate their resources and whether one trait gets priority over another is poorly understood. Prior work has shown that reproductive investment reduces the capacity of Drosophila melanogaster to mount an effective immune response against subsequent bacterial infection. However, it has not been tested whether the observed trade-off was unidirectional with reproductive fitness given primacy over immunity, or whether it might also occur in the reciprocal direction with an active prior immune response reducing reproductive output. In this work, we delivered bacterial infection to female D. melanogaster prior to mating and tested whether reproductive capacity became reduced. We found that infected females produced the same number of eggs as uninfected females, but the eggs from infected females exhibited lower survivorship to adulthood. Additionally, we found that mating destabilizes chronic bacterial infections, stimulating additional host death and increasing variance in pathogen burden. Together, our results suggest the cost of reproduction and infection in Drosophila females is reciprocal, regardless of the order in which they occur.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11835491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Risk-sensitive foraging in a tropical lizard. 热带蜥蜴对风险敏感的觅食行为。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0628

Avik Banerjee, Maria Thaker

{"title":"Risk-sensitive foraging in a tropical lizard.","authors":"Avik Banerjee, Maria Thaker","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0628","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0628","url":null,"abstract":"Foraging opportunities can be unpredictable. When foragers face a choice between resources that vary in predictability, foraging decisions not only depend on the profitability of food but also on their physiological state. This risk-sensitive foraging approach, in which animals take greater foraging risks when starving, remains relatively untested in reptiles compared with other taxa. We tested the risk-sensitive foraging theory in the tropical lizard, Psammophilus dorsalis, by manipulating energy budgets (satiated versus 48 h starved) and measuring foraging preferences for options that differed in rewards: constant (two mealworms) versus variable (zero or four mealworms). We found that satiated lizards were risk averse to variability in reward amounts and chose the constant food option more frequently than the variable option. In contrast, starved lizards were risk-prone and chose the variable reward option more often than the constant one. At the end of foraging trials, these strategies resulted in both starved and satiated groups achieving similar net resource gains. As new support for risk-sensitive foraging in a tropical reptile species, these results provide insight into how resource uncertainty influences foraging strategies. For lizards in the tropics, which have high-energy requirements year-round, risk-sensitive foraging could be an effective strategy in stochastic environments.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11835483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143447975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0