Biology Letters最新文献_第3页

Telomere dynamics in maturing frogs vary among organs.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0626

Pablo Burraco, Neil B Metcalfe, Pat Monaghan

{"title":"Telomere dynamics in maturing frogs vary among organs.","authors":"Pablo Burraco, Neil B Metcalfe, Pat Monaghan","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0626","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0626","url":null,"abstract":"It is important to know whether organs age at the same rate and are equally affected by developmental conditions as this provides insights into causes of ageing. However, data on organ-specific telomere dynamics remain scant. In a previous study of the early life of the amphibian Xenopus laevis, we detected changes in telomere lengths in gut cells, while liver, heart and muscle telomeres were unchanged; larval rearing temperature had minimal effects. Here, we extend that study to examine telomere dynamics in the same four organs and larval temperature treatments from 70-day post-metamorphic juvenile Xenopus through to sexually mature (2-year-old) adults. Telomeres shortened from juvenile to adult in the gut, heart and hindlimb muscle. In contrast, liver telomere lengths did not change with age but were shorter if the early life temperature was warm. Organ telomere lengths were influenced by sex only in adults. Warmer larval temperatures were also associated with longer gut telomeres in juveniles. Hence, pre-metamorphic conditions can influence post-metamorphic telomere dynamics, and telomere loss between juvenile and adult life stages occurs in different organs from those affected earlier in life. These findings indicate the existence of organ-dependent ageing rates across lifetimes, potentially related to developmental and environmental history.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11858783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: 'The emergence of nonlinear evolutionary trade-offs and the maintenance of genetic polymorphisms' (2024), by Hulse and Bruns.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0020

Samuel V Hulse, Emily L Bruns

引用次数: 0

The combined effects of elevated predation risk and anthropogenic noise on dwarf mongoose vigilance behaviour.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0645

Lucy Westover, Amy Morris-Drake, Megan Layton, Julie M Kern, Josh J Arbon, Andrew N Radford

{"title":"The combined effects of elevated predation risk and anthropogenic noise on dwarf mongoose vigilance behaviour.","authors":"Lucy Westover, Amy Morris-Drake, Megan Layton, Julie M Kern, Josh J Arbon, Andrew N Radford","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0645","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0645","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic noise is a pervasive pollutant in the world's ecosystems, with numerous studies demonstrating negative physiological, developmental and behavioural impacts across taxa. However, research has tended to focus on anthropogenic noise in isolation; many species often experience this pollutant in conjunction with other anthropogenic and natural stressors. Here, we used a field experiment to investigate the combined effects of a sequential elevation in perceived predation risk followed by exposure to road noise on the vigilance behaviour of dwarf mongooses (Helogale parvula). As expected, both alarm-call playback (simulating a greater predation risk) and road-noise playback independently led to more vigilance compared to close-call and ambient-sound (control) playbacks, respectively. The two stressors had an equivalent effect on total vigilance, lending support to the risk-disturbance hypothesis. The combination of the two stressors did not, however, generate a significantly different amount of vigilance compared to road-noise playback alone. Thus, our experiment provides further evidence that anthropogenic noise can influence the vigilance-foraging trade-off but no indication of an additive or synergistic effect when combined with the natural stressor of elevated predation risk. Further investigation of combined-stressor effects is critical if we are to understand the true impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on species and communities.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune response accelerated telomere shortening during early life stage of a passerine bird, the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus). 免疫反应加速了雀形目蓝山雀（蓝山雀）早期生命阶段的端粒缩短。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0618

Matteo Schiavinato, Shivani Ronanki, Ignacio Miro Estruch, Nico van den Brink

{"title":"Immune response accelerated telomere shortening during early life stage of a passerine bird, the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus).","authors":"Matteo Schiavinato, Shivani Ronanki, Ignacio Miro Estruch, Nico van den Brink","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0618","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0618","url":null,"abstract":"Dealing with infections is a daily challenge for wild animals. Empirical data show an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during immune response. This could have consequences on telomere length, the end parts of linear chromosomes, commonly used as proxy for good health and ageing. Telomere length dynamics may reflect the costs associated with physiological responses. In this study, immune system of blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) nestlings was experimentally challenged through a polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) injection, a synthetic double-stranded RNA that mimics a virus, activating the pathway of immune response triggered via the toll-like receptors 3. This path is known to form ROS downstream. Immune response was quantified by white cell counts in blood, while brain lipoperoxidation has been evaluated as an indicator of oxidative damage. Finally, individuals' telomere length shortening between days 8 and 15 after hatching was measured in erythrocytes. Challenged nestlings showed increased leukocyte number when compared with control (treated with a saline solution), lower brain lipid peroxidation (likely as a result of a compensatory mechanism after oxidative stress burst) and accelerated telomere shortening. These findings support the 'ageing cost of infections pathway' hypothesis, which supposes a role for infections in quick biological ageing.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":"20240618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The sexy and formidable male body: men's height and weight are conditfion-dependent, sexually selected traits. 性感而强大的男性身体：男性的身高和体重是条件决定的，是性选择的特征。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0565

David Giofrè, David C Geary, Lewis G Halsey

引用次数: 0

Whence the birds: 200 years of dinosaurs, avian antecedents. 鸟类的起源：200年的恐龙，鸟类的祖先。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0500

Daniel J Field, M Grace Burton, Juan Benito, Olivia Plateau, Guillermo Navalón

引用次数: 0

Cold waves in the Amazon rainforest and their ecological impact. 亚马逊雨林的寒潮及其生态影响。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0591

Kim L Holzmann, Pedro Alonso-Alonso, Yenny Correa-Carmona, Andrea Pinos, Felipe Yon, Gunnar Brehm, Alexander Keller, Ingolf Steffan-Dewenter, Marcell K Peters

引用次数: 0

Tracking individual seed fate confirms mainly antagonistic interactions between rodents and European beech. 追踪单个种子的命运证实了啮齿动物和欧洲山毛榉之间主要的拮抗相互作用。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0586

Frederik Sachser, Georg Gratzer, Mario B Pesendorfer, Heino Konrad, Iris Kempter, Ursula Nopp-Mayr

{"title":"Tracking individual seed fate confirms mainly antagonistic interactions between rodents and European beech.","authors":"Frederik Sachser, Georg Gratzer, Mario B Pesendorfer, Heino Konrad, Iris Kempter, Ursula Nopp-Mayr","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0586","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0586","url":null,"abstract":"Food-hoarding granivores act as both predators and dispersers of plant seeds, resulting in facultative species interactions along a mutualism-antagonism continuum. The position along this continuum is determined by the positive and negative interactions that vary with the ratio between seed availability and animal abundance, particularly for mast-seeding species with interannual variation and spatial synchrony of seed production. Empirical data on the entire fate of seeds up to germination and the influence of rodents on seed survival is rare, resulting in a lack of consensus on their position along the mutualism-antagonism continuum. Here, we quantified annual seed rain and rodent abundance in an old-growth European beech forest and tracked 639 beechnuts to the seedling stage with 84% of seeds successfully located. Over 4 study years that covered the range of seed-to-rodent ratios, not a single seed successfully germinated after dispersal, illustrating a predominantly antagonistic interaction between rodents and seeds of European beech. Therefore, our findings do not support the predator dispersal hypothesis and partially contradict the predator satiation hypothesis, as the highest number of germinants and intact seeds were found in situ after an intermediate seed crop, not a bumper crop. Our results underline the necessity to track seeds up to germination.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":"20240586"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750373/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Partner fidelity, not geography, drives co-diversification of gut microbiota with hominids.

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-29 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0454

Andrew H Moeller

{"title":"Partner fidelity, not geography, drives co-diversification of gut microbiota with hominids.","authors":"Andrew H Moeller","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0454","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0454","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial strains that inhabit the gastrointestinal tracts of hominids have diversified in parallel (co-diversified) with their host species. The extent to which co-diversification has been mediated by partner fidelity between strains and hosts or by geographical distance between hosts is not clear due to a lack of strain-level data from clades of hosts with unconfounded phylogenetic relationships and geographical distributions. Here, I tested these competing hypotheses through meta-analyses of 7121 gut bacterial genomes assembled from wild-living ape species and subspecies sampled throughout their ranges in equatorial Africa. Across the gut bacterial phylogeny, strain diversification was more strongly associated with host phylogeny than with geography. In total, approximately 14% of the branch length of the gut bacterial phylogeny showed significant evidence of co-diversification independent of geography, whereas only approximately 4% showed significant evidence of diversification associated with geography independent of host phylogeny. Geographically co-occurring heterospecific hosts (Pan and Gorilla) universally maintained distinct co-diversified bacterial strains. Strains whose diversification was associated with geography independent of host phylogeny included clades of Proteobacteria known to adopt free-living lifestyles (e.g. Escherichia). These results show that co-diversification of gut bacterial strains with hominids has been driven primarily by fidelity of strains to host lineages rather than geography.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":"20240454"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143057927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transient cognitive impacts of oxygen deprivation caused by catch-and-release angling. 抓放钓鱼引起的缺氧对短暂性认知的影响。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0527

Henrik Flink, Adrian Berge, Francesca Leggieri, Niclas Kolm, Petter Tibblin

{"title":"Transient cognitive impacts of oxygen deprivation caused by catch-and-release angling.","authors":"Henrik Flink, Adrian Berge, Francesca Leggieri, Niclas Kolm, Petter Tibblin","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0527","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0527","url":null,"abstract":"Vertebrate brain function is particularly sensitive to the effects of hypoxia, with even brief periods of oxygen deprivation causing significant brain damage and impaired cognitive abilities. This study is the first to investigate the cognitive consequences of hypoxia in fish, specifically induced by exhaustive exercise and air exposure, conditions commonly encountered during catch-and-release (C&R) practices in recreational fishing. Angling exerts substantial pressure on inland fish populations, underscoring the need for sustainable practices like C&R. While C&R survival rates are generally high, understanding its sublethal impacts is crucial for evaluating the practice's ethical and ecological sustainability. We examined the effects of these stressors on the cognitive function of 238 rainbow trout, using the free movement pattern Y-maze method to assess working memory through navigational search patterns during free exploration sessions. Our results showed that air exposure led to short-term (3-4 h post-treatment), but transient impairments in working memory, with no long-term cognitive deficits observed at one week and one month post-treatment. These findings emphasize the high tolerance of fish to hypoxia and support the sustainability of C&R as a tool in fisheries management.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":"20240527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142982555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0