Biology Letters最新文献_第3页

The origin and early evolution of feathers: implications, uncertainties and future prospects. 羽毛的起源和早期演化：启示、不确定性和未来展望。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0517

Xing Xu, Paul M Barrett

{"title":"The origin and early evolution of feathers: implications, uncertainties and future prospects.","authors":"Xing Xu, Paul M Barrett","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0517","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0517","url":null,"abstract":"As a defining feature of the clade, feathers are key to understanding bird biology. Discoveries of spectacular dinosaur and pterosaur fossils preserving feathers and feather-like integumentary appendages demonstrate trends of increasing complexity in gross morphology and microstructure through avemetatarsalian evolution, and the acquisition of complex flight feathers before the origin of birds. Moreover, this material shows some early feathers differed from modern feathers morphologically, ultrastructurally, biochemically and developmentally, revealing integumentary evolutionary pathways absent in modern taxa. These advances have changed conventional understanding of dinosaurs and impacted conceptions of both birds and feathers. However, it remains unknown if 'true' feathers originated at the base of Avemetatarsalia or within Theropoda. The former scenario implies multiple feather losses, the evolutionary and developmental mechanisms of which require investigation; the latter suggests pterosaurs and ornithischians independently evolved filamentous integumentary appendages, which might have shared genetic regulatory networks with theropod feathers. Answering these questions requires additional data on avemetatarsalian integument, particularly for sauropodomorphs, early diverging theropods and dinosaur outgroups, and more information on those taxa with known integumentary features. An integrative approach combining morphological, developmental, biochemical and taphonomic data, including extinct and extant taxa, is essential for a clearer understanding of feather origin and evolution.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wild fish use visual cues to recognize individual divers. 野生鱼类使用视觉线索来识别单个潜水员。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0558

Maëlan Tomasek, Katinka Soller, Alex Jordan

引用次数: 0

The interconnected nature of multiple threats is impacting freshwater biodiversity. 多种威胁相互关联的性质正在影响淡水生物多样性。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-05 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0544

Aelis Spiller, Lise Comte, Jonas Geldmann, Lars Iversen

引用次数: 0

Telomere dynamics in maturing frogs vary among organs. 成熟蛙的端粒动力学因器官而异。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0626

Pablo Burraco, Neil B Metcalfe, Pat Monaghan

{"title":"Telomere dynamics in maturing frogs vary among organs.","authors":"Pablo Burraco, Neil B Metcalfe, Pat Monaghan","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0626","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0626","url":null,"abstract":"It is important to know whether organs age at the same rate and are equally affected by developmental conditions as this provides insights into causes of ageing. However, data on organ-specific telomere dynamics remain scant. In a previous study of the early life of the amphibian Xenopus laevis, we detected changes in telomere lengths in gut cells, while liver, heart and muscle telomeres were unchanged; larval rearing temperature had minimal effects. Here, we extend that study to examine telomere dynamics in the same four organs and larval temperature treatments from 70-day post-metamorphic juvenile Xenopus through to sexually mature (2-year-old) adults. Telomeres shortened from juvenile to adult in the gut, heart and hindlimb muscle. In contrast, liver telomere lengths did not change with age but were shorter if the early life temperature was warm. Organ telomere lengths were influenced by sex only in adults. Warmer larval temperatures were also associated with longer gut telomeres in juveniles. Hence, pre-metamorphic conditions can influence post-metamorphic telomere dynamics, and telomere loss between juvenile and adult life stages occurs in different organs from those affected earlier in life. These findings indicate the existence of organ-dependent ageing rates across lifetimes, potentially related to developmental and environmental history.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11858783/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A novel carnivorous diet reduces brain telomere length. 一种新的食肉性饮食减少了脑端粒的长度。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0593

Alexander M Shephard, Cristina C Ledón-Rettig

{"title":"A novel carnivorous diet reduces brain telomere length.","authors":"Alexander M Shephard, Cristina C Ledón-Rettig","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0593","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0593","url":null,"abstract":"Developmental conditions can profoundly influence adult survival or longevity. One established correlate of longevity is the length of telomeres-non-coding DNA regions that protect chromosomal ends. Telomere length in adulthood can be influenced by environmental conditions during development, such as nutrient restriction. Yet, we lack experimental studies of how adult telomere length is affected by a different form of nutritional variation: diet type. Here, we asked how diet-type variation during larval development affects telomere length in multiple post-metamorphic somatic tissues of the Mexican spadefoot (Spea multiplicata), an anuran species whose larvae develop on two qualitatively distinct diets: an ancestral omnivorous diet of detritus or a more novel carnivorous diet of live shrimp. We found that larvae developing on the novel shrimp diet developed into post-metamorphic frogs with shorter telomeres in the brain-a structure that is particularly vulnerable to harmful effects of nutritional adversity, such as oxidative stress. Given known links between telomere length and neurological health outcomes, our study suggests that a dietary transition to carnivory might carry costs in terms of compromised neural integrity later in life. This work highlights the lasting impact of a developmental diet on somatic maintenance and health.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240593"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813587/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143398095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The combined effects of elevated predation risk and anthropogenic noise on dwarf mongoose vigilance behaviour. 捕食风险升高和人为噪音对矮猫鼬警觉行为的综合影响。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0645

Lucy Westover, Amy Morris-Drake, Megan Layton, Julie M Kern, Josh J Arbon, Andrew N Radford

{"title":"The combined effects of elevated predation risk and anthropogenic noise on dwarf mongoose vigilance behaviour.","authors":"Lucy Westover, Amy Morris-Drake, Megan Layton, Julie M Kern, Josh J Arbon, Andrew N Radford","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0645","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0645","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropogenic noise is a pervasive pollutant in the world's ecosystems, with numerous studies demonstrating negative physiological, developmental and behavioural impacts across taxa. However, research has tended to focus on anthropogenic noise in isolation; many species often experience this pollutant in conjunction with other anthropogenic and natural stressors. Here, we used a field experiment to investigate the combined effects of a sequential elevation in perceived predation risk followed by exposure to road noise on the vigilance behaviour of dwarf mongooses (Helogale parvula). As expected, both alarm-call playback (simulating a greater predation risk) and road-noise playback independently led to more vigilance compared to close-call and ambient-sound (control) playbacks, respectively. The two stressors had an equivalent effect on total vigilance, lending support to the risk-disturbance hypothesis. The combination of the two stressors did not, however, generate a significantly different amount of vigilance compared to road-noise playback alone. Thus, our experiment provides further evidence that anthropogenic noise can influence the vigilance-foraging trade-off but no indication of an additive or synergistic effect when combined with the natural stressor of elevated predation risk. Further investigation of combined-stressor effects is critical if we are to understand the true impacts of anthropogenic disturbances on species and communities.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 2","pages":"20240645"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11813581/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: 'The emergence of nonlinear evolutionary trade-offs and the maintenance of genetic polymorphisms' (2024), by Hulse and Bruns. 更正：“非线性进化权衡的出现和遗传多态性的维持”（2024），赫尔斯和布伦斯。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-19 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2025.0020

Samuel V Hulse, Emily L Bruns

引用次数: 0

Immune response accelerated telomere shortening during early life stage of a passerine bird, the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus). 免疫反应加速了雀形目蓝山雀（蓝山雀）早期生命阶段的端粒缩短。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0618

Matteo Schiavinato, Shivani Ronanki, Ignacio Miro Estruch, Nico van den Brink

{"title":"Immune response accelerated telomere shortening during early life stage of a passerine bird, the blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus).","authors":"Matteo Schiavinato, Shivani Ronanki, Ignacio Miro Estruch, Nico van den Brink","doi":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0618","DOIUrl":"10.1098/rsbl.2024.0618","url":null,"abstract":"Dealing with infections is a daily challenge for wild animals. Empirical data show an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production during immune response. This could have consequences on telomere length, the end parts of linear chromosomes, commonly used as proxy for good health and ageing. Telomere length dynamics may reflect the costs associated with physiological responses. In this study, immune system of blue tit (Cyanistes caeruleus) nestlings was experimentally challenged through a polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (poly I:C) injection, a synthetic double-stranded RNA that mimics a virus, activating the pathway of immune response triggered via the toll-like receptors 3. This path is known to form ROS downstream. Immune response was quantified by white cell counts in blood, while brain lipoperoxidation has been evaluated as an indicator of oxidative damage. Finally, individuals' telomere length shortening between days 8 and 15 after hatching was measured in erythrocytes. Challenged nestlings showed increased leukocyte number when compared with control (treated with a saline solution), lower brain lipid peroxidation (likely as a result of a compensatory mechanism after oxidative stress burst) and accelerated telomere shortening. These findings support the 'ageing cost of infections pathway' hypothesis, which supposes a role for infections in quick biological ageing.","PeriodicalId":9005,"journal":{"name":"Biology Letters","volume":"21 1","pages":"20240618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11750392/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The sexy and formidable male body: men's height and weight are conditfion-dependent, sexually selected traits. 性感而强大的男性身体：男性的身高和体重是条件决定的，是性选择的特征。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0565

David Giofrè, David C Geary, Lewis G Halsey

引用次数: 0

Whence the birds: 200 years of dinosaurs, avian antecedents. 鸟类的起源：200年的恐龙，鸟类的祖先。

IF 2.8 2区生物学

Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2024.0500

Daniel J Field, M Grace Burton, Juan Benito, Olivia Plateau, Guillermo Navalón

引用次数: 0