招潮蟹的爪子是一种防掠食者的偏转防御。

IF 2.8 2区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
Biology Letters Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-18 DOI:10.1098/rsbl.2024.0694
Diogo Jackson Aquino Silva, Samuel Bear Powell, Marilia Fernandes Erickson, Fabio Cortesi, Daniel Marques Almeida Pessoa, Karen Louise Cheney
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引用次数: 0

摘要

身体部位的明显颜色可以自动实现,将捕食者的攻击从重要部位转移到非重要部位,这被称为偏转。招潮蟹通常有一个隐蔽或显眼的甲壳(重要区域),而爪子(非重要区域)通常很显眼,用于社会交流。在这里,我们测试了招潮蟹显眼的爪子是否能转移捕食者对它们甲壳的攻击,从而提高它们的存活率。为了做到这一点,我们使用了一个机器蟹模型,复制了双色招潮蟹(Gelasimus vomeris)的颜色和繁殖摆动。模型被放置在野外,让澳大利亚丛林火鸡Alectura lathami攻击。我们用不同颜色的模型分析了第一次攻击是针对爪子还是甲壳。结果表明,爪部突出的机器蟹模型受到的攻击有一半集中在爪部,而爪部不突出的机器蟹模型受到的攻击主要集中在甲壳上。这表明招潮蟹的爪子有效地将攻击从甲壳吸引开,起到偏转机制的作用。这是首次在甲壳类动物中证明爪子偏转策略的研究,表明爪子不仅在种内信号传递中起作用,而且还减轻了相关的捕食风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Fiddler crab claws work as a deflection antipredator defence.

Conspicuous coloration in body parts that can be autotomized, diverting predator attacks from vital to non-vital regions, is called deflection. Fiddler crabs typically have a cryptic or conspicuous carapace (vital area), while the claw (non-vital) is often conspicuous and used for social communication. Here, we tested whether the conspicuous claws of fiddler crabs divert predator attacks away from their carapaces, enhancing survival. To do this, we used a robotic crab model that replicated the colours and reproductive waving display of the two-toned fiddler crab, Gelasimus vomeris. Models were placed in the field to be attacked by Australian brush-turkeys, Alectura lathami. We analysed whether the first attack was directed at the claw or the carapace with differently coloured models. Our results show that robot crab models with conspicuous claws drew half of the attacks to the claw, whereas models with non-conspicuous claws were attacked predominately on the carapace. This suggests that the claws of the fiddler crabs effectively attract attacks away from the carapace, functioning as a deflection mechanism. This is the first study demonstrating a claw-deflection strategy in crustaceans, indicating that the claw not only plays a role in intraspecific signalling but also mitigates associated predation risks.

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来源期刊
Biology Letters
Biology Letters 生物-进化生物学
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
3.00%
发文量
164
审稿时长
1.0 months
期刊介绍: Previously a supplement to Proceedings B, and launched as an independent journal in 2005, Biology Letters is a primarily online, peer-reviewed journal that publishes short, high-quality articles, reviews and opinion pieces from across the biological sciences. The scope of Biology Letters is vast - publishing high-quality research in any area of the biological sciences. However, we have particular strengths in the biology, evolution and ecology of whole organisms. We also publish in other areas of biology, such as molecular ecology and evolution, environmental science, and phylogenetics.
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