ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Bioinspired Nanomaterials for Parkinson's Disease: Engineering Membrane Interfaces to Overcome the Blood–Brain Barrier and Enable Neuron-Targeted Delivery","authors":"Qucheng Huang,&nbsp;YuanYuan Zuo,&nbsp;Yining Xie,&nbsp;Zhenye Liu,&nbsp;Leiyi Wang,&nbsp;Hewei Xu,&nbsp;Miao Yu,&nbsp;Chang Liu","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01137","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, which gives rise to characteristic motor and non-motor behavioral impairments. Disease-modifying therapies remain elusive, largely due to the restrictive nature of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and the lack of effective neuron-targeting strategies. Bioinspired nanomaterials—including cell membrane-derived vesicles, engineered biomimetic nanocarriers, and liposomes—have emerged as versatile platforms to address these limitations. By recapitulating key surface properties of endogenous cells, these nanocarriers facilitate BBB transport and brain accumulation, enhance neuronal recognition and preferential uptake, and enable controlled drug release, thereby potentially improving therapeutic index. In the context of PD, such targeted delivery systems offer potential not only for neuroprotection but also for ameliorating behavioral deficits. This review critically examines recent progress in bioinspired nanomaterial-based interventions for PD, with emphasis on the underlying mechanisms of BBB penetration and neuronal targeting. We further evaluate the translational promise of these platforms for modifying disease trajectories and restoring behavioral functions, and we identify remaining challenges and priority directions for future development in PD and related neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":"12 10","pages":"5276–5302"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Dynamic Modeling Framework for Real-Time Monitoring of Porcine Lung Tissue Decellularization","authors":"Ziyu Wang,&nbsp;Annmarie Bedsaul,&nbsp;Chloe G. Hincher,&nbsp;Maria Jimenez-Socha,&nbsp;Shelby E. White,&nbsp;Daphne Sze,&nbsp;Joel Ducoste,&nbsp;Camilo Mora,&nbsp;Donald O. Freytes","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00414","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00414","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) scaffolds are critical for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, yet standardized methods for real-time monitoring of decellularization remain lacking. Current protocols typically use fixed treatment durations to match endpoint control quality attributes (CQAs), such as final dsDNA content in the scaffold, without a mechanistic understanding of DNA removal kinetics. This knowledge gap leads to either incomplete decellularization (CQA rejections) or unnecessary processing time, compromising dECM scaffold quality and process efficiency. In this paper, we develop a model-based mathematical monitoring framework for rapid assessment of DNase-treated porcine lung tissue that integrates dual-optical sensing of supernatant DNA release via ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) absorbance and fluorescence. Decellularization supernatant was collected every 10 min over a 100-min treatment window in each sample group. Signals were well described by a first-order accumulation model <em>C</em>(<em>t</em>) = <em>C</em>₀ + (<em>C</em>_max – <em>C</em>₀) (1 – e^{–<em>kt</em>}), yielding an interpretable kinetic descriptor <em>k</em> and a model-based progress metric. A linear relationship was observed between the initial tissue mass and rate constant (<em>R</em>² = 0.9998), enabling mass-aware prediction of release kinetics. When explored in dimensionless coordinates, normalized trajectories collapsed onto the universal curve <em>f</em>(τ) = 1 – e^–τ that supports shared kinetics across sensing modalities. Model-derived in-process metrics were associated with endpoint residual tissue dsDNA quantified by QuantiFluor tissue digests and revealed an accessibility-limited gap between supernatant signal completion and tissue-level DNA removal within the treatment window. Together, these results provide the foundation of a practical process analytical technology style framework for quantitative decellularization monitoring and quality control, supporting mass-aware forecasting of process progress and adaptive protocol development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":"12 10","pages":"5527–5540"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148885611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defect-Engineered Tetragonal ZrO2 Nanoparticles for Biomaterial Interfaces: Green Synthesis, Biointerfacial Interactions, and SERS Biosensing","authors":"Edyta Proniewicz,&nbsp;Olga Surma,&nbsp;Marta Gajewska,&nbsp;Marcin Molenda","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00755","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00755","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zirconia (ZrO₂) is a widely used biomaterial in dental and orthopedic applications due to its excellent biocompatibility, chemical stability, and mechanical properties. However, the role of defect structure and phase composition in governing biomolecule–surface interactions at the biointerface remains insufficiently understood. In this work, we demonstrate a synthesis-driven strategy for engineering defect-rich tetragonal ZrO₂ nanoparticles via conventional wet-chemical and plant-extract-mediated green routes using <em>Laurus nobilis</em>, <em>Salvia rosmarinus</em>, and <em>Ficus benghalensis</em>. Plant-mediated synthesis using rosemary extract promotes the formation of phase-pure tetragonal ZrO₂ with increased surface heterogeneity and a higher density of oxygen vacancy-related defect states. To probe biomolecule–surface interactions, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) measurements were performed using L-phenylalanine as a model system. This approach provides a simplified model of amino acid adsorption relevant to early-stage protein–surface interactions. Defect-rich tetragonal ZrO₂ exhibits enhanced SERS response driven by charge-transfer interactions associated with oxygen vacancies and surface states. This represents one of the first demonstrations of amino-acid-based probing of zirconia SERS substrates in a biomaterial-relevant context, extending beyond conventional symmetric aromatic probe systems. In addition, the materials exhibit photocatalytic activity, interpreted as defect-driven surface reactivity and the ability to generate reactive oxygen species relevant for antibacterial functionality and prevention of biofilm formation at biomaterial interfaces in clinical environments. Overall, this work establishes a structure–property–function framework linking synthesis strategy with defect structure and interfacial performance, providing a framework for the rational design of zirconia-based biomaterials with controlled biointerface functionality.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":"12 10","pages":"5390–5405"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calcium-Specific-Binding PLGA Microspheres with Embedded BMP-2 for Bone Regeneration","authors":"Minjae Kim,&nbsp;Jun Ho Park,&nbsp;Min-Ha Choi,&nbsp;Yan Lee,&nbsp;Ji-Ung Park","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00581","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00581","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is a potent osteoinductive factor for bone regeneration, but its rapid clearance and dose-dependent adverse effects limit its clinical use. This study developed calcium-binding poly(butyl methacrylate-<em>co</em>-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphate) (PBMP)-coated poly(lactide-<em>co</em>-glycolide) (PLGA) microparticles to enhance calcium-rich surface anchoring and enable sustained BMP-2 release. Microparticles were characterized for morphology, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, release kinetics, and hydroxyapatite (HA)-binding affinity, and were further evaluated for <em>in vivo</em> efficacy. PBMP coating markedly increased the HA-binding affinity of PLGA microparticles. Encapsulation efficiency was over 55%, and BMP-2 was released in a sustained manner over 30 days, with the cumulative release gradually approaching a plateau during the later incubation period. When applied to a rat calvarial defect model, the PBMP-coated microparticle (BMP-2-PLGA/PBMP) group showed the greatest bone volume fraction, bone surface area, and trabecular number, along with the lowest trabecular separation compared to the free BMP-2 and control groups. Histological analysis confirmed denser and more mature bone matrix formation in the BMP-2-PLGA/PBMP group. These findings demonstrate that PBMP-coated PLGA microparticles provide HA-targeted, sustained BMP-2 delivery, resulting in improved bone regeneration and microarchitecture. This delivery platform represents a promising strategy for more effective bone defect repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":"12 10","pages":"5465–5477"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioactive Zein–Nondigestible Oligosaccharide Nanofibers Enable Rapid Tissue Regeneration and Antibacterial Defense","authors":"Renugaa Suresh Babu,&nbsp;Piotr Gierlich,&nbsp;Ramakrishnan Swaminathan,&nbsp;Vimalraj Selvaraj,&nbsp;Wendy W. J. Unger,&nbsp;Swathi Sudhakar","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00314","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00314","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chronic wounds pose a significant clinical challenge due to persistent inflammation, microbial infection, and impaired tissue regeneration. Conventional wound dressings often lack the multifunctionality needed for comprehensive wound management. In this study, we engineered a nanofibrous wound patch composed of zein (ZM) integrated with nondigestible oligosaccharides (ZM-NDOs), such as Chito-oligosaccharides (ZMC), guluronic and mannuronic-rich alginate-oligosaccharides (ZMAGM), and guluronic-rich alginate-oligosaccharides (ZMAG), to address these limitations. Structural and physicochemical analyses (SEM, FTIR, UTM, and water contact angle) confirmed the formation of bead-free, interconnected fibers with enhanced mechanical strength and hydrophilicity. <em>In vitro</em> cytocompatibility assays using HEK 293T cells demonstrated excellent biocompatibility for both ZM and ZM-NDO patches. Notably, ZMC significantly promoted cellular proliferation and migration in wound scratch assays, accelerating wound closure. <em>In vivo</em> evaluation using a Wistar rat excision wound model further substantiated the therapeutic efficacy of the ZM-NDO patches, showing improved collagen deposition, vascularization, and epithelial regeneration, accompanied by upregulated expression of <em>VEGF, TGF-β,</em> and <em>Col-I</em> mRNA. Moreover, the ZMC scaffolds exhibited significant antibacterial activity against <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. Collectively, these findings highlight ZM-NDO, particularly ZMC, as a promising, multifunctional, and scalable platform for advanced wound-healing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":"12 10","pages":"5498–5514"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149072785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extrusion-Stretched Multigrooved Conduits Loaded with Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes for Efficient Peripheral Nerve Regeneration","authors":"Baolin Wang,&nbsp;Fei Chen,&nbsp;Siyi Zhang,&nbsp;Jialei Mao,&nbsp;Yuanhang Tang,&nbsp;Li-Fang Zhu,&nbsp;Ming-Wei Chang","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00670","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00670","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs) represent a promising alternative to autologous nerve transplantation; however, their clinical efficacy remains limited by insufficient structural integrity and suboptimal fascicular guidance. Here, we report a novel extrusion−stretched strategy for fabricating multigrooved NGCs (MNGCs) reinforced with oriented multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). This scalable and controllable method effectively prevents conduit collapse during fabrication and enables precise regulation of conduit geometry, overcoming key limitations of conventional forming approaches. Incorporation of MWCNTs significantly enhanced the mechanical strength and biocompatibility of the conduits, as evidenced by improved Schwann cell (RSC96) viability, density, and pronounced aligned elongation compared with pure polycaprolactone (PCL) conduits. In a rat sciatic nerve defect model, the MWCNT-reinforced multigrooved NGCs (MMNGCs) achieved functional recovery, gastrocnemius muscle regeneration, and axonal myelination comparable to autografts while markedly outperforming single-lumen and groove-only PCL conduits. These results demonstrate that MMNGCs fabricated via the proposed extrusion−stretched strategy constitute a highly effective and clinically competitive platform for peripheral nerve repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":"12 10","pages":"5583–5596"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148890351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matrix Vesicle Nanostructures Guide Spatially Organized Bone-Like Mineralization in Biomimetic Collagen Scaffolds","authors":"Lucas Fabricio Bahia Nogueira,&nbsp;Yuri Ferreira da Silva,&nbsp;Maryanne Trafani de Melo,&nbsp;Juçara Gastaldi Cominal,&nbsp;Keteryne Rodrigues da Silva,&nbsp;Sandra Yasuyo Fukada,&nbsp;Fausto Almeida,&nbsp;Patrick Perré,&nbsp;Pedro E. D. Augusto,&nbsp;Pietro Ciancaglini,&nbsp;Ana Paula Ramos","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00914","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00914","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bone formation is tightly regulated by osteoblasts, which secrete extracellular matrix (ECM) components and heterogeneous populations of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Among EVs, matrix vesicles (MVs) are uniquely associated with mineralization and act as bioactive extracellular nanostructures that initiate and spatially direct mineral growth within the ECM. However, how MVs interact with the ECM and how their functions differ from the functions of medium-derived EVs (mEVs) remain unclear. To address this question, we developed a bioinspired collagen-based scaffold designed to mimic the bone ECM organic phase and to recreate MV-mediated mineralization <em>in vitro</em>. Type I collagen scaffolds were slowly concentrated and exposed to NH₃_(g) to induce fibrillogenesis and stabilize supramolecular organization, while 5 wt % κ-carrageenan, a sulfated polysaccharide that functionally emulates glycosaminoglycans, was incorporated to support mineral nucleation. MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts were cultured under osteogenic conditions to induce differentiation and vesicle secretion. Biochemical, microscopic, and spectroscopic analyses revealed that MVs and mEVs exhibit distinct nano-biointerface behaviors, particularly regarding ECM anchoring and the ability to initiate mineral deposition. Furthermore, Raman chemical imaging and X-ray nanotomography demonstrated that MVs not only trigger mineral formation but also direct the spatial organization of phosphate deposition within the ECM at the micro/nanoscale. By distinguishing MV- from mEV-mediated mineralization in a biomimetic ECM system, this study provides new insights into vesicle-guided biomineralization and spatial matrix organization, with implications for skeletal development, pathological calcification, and vesicle-based regenerative strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":"12 10","pages":"5627–5645"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148896198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic-Loaded Porous Titanium Antibacterial Particle Coatings by High-Velocity Embedment into Silicone","authors":"Sandy Liao,&nbsp;Peter C. King,&nbsp;Russell J. Crawford,&nbsp;Elena P. Ivanova,&nbsp;Helmut Thissen,&nbsp;Peter Kingshott","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00072","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c00072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Effective antimicrobial biomaterial surfaces are clinically beneficial as they can prevent infections caused by pathogens that are introduced during surgical procedures. Moreover, they can be advantageous for the long-term performance of medical devices. In the current study, we present an innovative procedure for the manufacture of biocompatible composite surfaces that provide controlled antibiotic release. We utilized titanium particles featuring a porous structure (pTi) as carriers and loaded these with crystalline ciprofloxacin (Cip). We then used these particles to modify the surface of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates using cold spray deposition. The resulting surfaces (cipTi-PDMS) were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray analysis, 3D profilometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, and water contact angle measurements. The cross-sections of the samples were also analyzed with optical microscopy to determine the embedding layer thickness. The areal density of drug-loaded Ti embedded on the substrate could be enhanced by increasing the cold spray gas temperature or decreasing the nozzle scanning speed. Our results show that the surface modification of PDMS using this method significantly increases the surface roughness and hydrophobicity of samples. The antibacterial efficacy of cipTi-PDMS surfaces against <em><em>Staphylococcus aureus</em></em> was demonstrated using a live/dead staining assay. An agar diffusion test also demonstrated that bacterial growth was effectively prevented for a period of 7 days. Moreover, no cytotoxicity was observed for cipTi-PDMS samples using MG-63 osteoblast-like cells after 7 days of incubation. Our results suggest that the composite surfaces can provide an effective defense against microbial colonization. We expect that this new approach will find applications in a range of polymer-based biomedical device applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":"12 10","pages":"5344–5362"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidant and Bone Regeneration Properties of a Hydrogel Loaded with Gallic Acid-Functionalized MgO Nanoparticles to Treat Rheumatoid Arthritis","authors":"Yashika Thakur,&nbsp;Moyna Kalia,&nbsp;Durba Pal,&nbsp;Yashveer Singh","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01320","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01320","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disorder, is characterized by prolonged joint inflammation that eventually damages it. The overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases along with an influx of inflammatory cytokines in the joint, hyperplasticity of fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) results in an acidic microenvironment that irreversibly destroys the cartilage and bone. Methotrexate is used to treat RA, but it is associated with side effects, like nephrotoxicity and immunosuppression, and there is a lack of drug-free strategies to target the progression of disease and tissue regeneration. To treat RA and promote the regeneration of bone tissue, we have developed a drug-free, oxidized chondroitin sulfate-dextran hydrogel loaded with gallic acid-functionalized MgO nanoparticles, which demonstrated promising ROS scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities, as assessed using NO scavenging and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. In addition, the hydrogels were found to promote bone tissue regeneration in cell culture, as determined using the alkaline phosphatase assay and Alizarin red staining along with exhibiting apoptotic potential against hyperplastic fibroblast-like synoviocytes. We report, for the first time, gallic acid-grafted MgO nanoparticles that harness intrinsic antioxidant and apoptotic activity for RA therapy. In summary, we have developed a drug-free, multipotent system for alleviating RA by suppressing inflammation and promoting tissue preservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":"12 10","pages":"5682–5696"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Functionalization of Thermoplastic Polyurethane Scaffolds to Enhance Microparticle Attachment.","authors":"Megan C Welch, Courtney K Rowe, Kelly A Burke","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6c01093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While the use of polymer micro- and nanoparticles for drug delivery has been demonstrated for diverse biomedical applications, not all techniques have allowed for the precise localization of the drug that is needed to support surrounding tissues. Herein, we report a biocompatible thermoplastic polyurethane silk fibroin composite drug delivery platform for localized drug release. The work leverages two distinct materials, combining the biocompatibility of silk fibroin protein particles as a drug carrier with the modularity of a thermoplastic polyurethane scaffold, whose mechanical properties are tuned by composition. Two different particle attachment strategies were investigated; a Michael addition reaction was found to result in a high number of particles attached and a more complete surface coverage than carbodiimide coupling that is often employed with silk-based materials. The attachment of silk fibroin microparticles allows localized delivery of molecules, and the incorporation of poly(tetrahydrofuran) (pTHF) into polyurethane was found to tailor phase separation of the hard and soft segments that, in turn, affects the crystallinity and stiffness of the scaffold. The hard segment crystallinity of unprocessed powders (range: 16.26-35.51%) and slow-cooled films (range: 9.04-37.29%) increased as the pTHF content increased, indicating an increase in phase separation. The Young's modulus of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPUs) also increased with increasing pTHF, from 9.02 to 14.49 MPa. In vitro cytocompatibility testing with human dermal fibroblasts showed >85% viability and no significant changes in cell growth with respect to composition. This platform demonstrates a promising strategy by combining two distinct materials to provide localized drug delivery with potential application for longer-term biocompatible medical implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149163593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}