{"title":"Microbiome Metabolite-Incorporated Lipid Nanoparticles Augment CD8<sup>+</sup> T Cell Memory Potential and Immunity for mRNA Cancer Vaccines.","authors":"Seok-Beom Yong, Minki Ha, Sungchan Cho","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5c00738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.5c00738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, mRNA/lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-based vaccines have been successfully applied to prevent infectious diseases, and several types of neoantigen-encoding mRNA cancer vaccines are currently under clinical trials. While mRNA vaccines effectively induce adaptive immune responses to antigens, mRNA vaccine-induced immunity is shortly maintained, and the longevity of the immune memory, especially improving the CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell memory potential, could be even more important. Previously, microbiome metabolites have shown T cell memory potential-augmenting effects via regulating the immunometabolism. Herein, we develop microbiome metabolite-incorporated LNPs (mmi-LNPs) and evaluate their potential to enhance T cell memory responses following mRNA vaccination. In various ionizable LNP formulations, mmi-LNPs elicited more stem cell-like memory T cells (T-SCMs) and augmented central and effector memory T cell responses, which indicates the general applicability of mmi-LNPs. Notably, butyrate-incorporated mmi-LNP exhibited the strongest effects. In conclusion, we suggest microbiome metabolite-incorporated LNP as a next-generation delivery vehicle for mRNA vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144256622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingzhi Yu, Dongsheng Liu, Pranay Shah, Bei Qiu, Allen Mathew, Liang Yao, Tianyu Guan, Hengji Cong, Nan Zhang
{"title":"Optimizing Microfluidic Channel Design with Tilted Rectangular Baffles for Enhanced mRNA-Lipid Nanoparticle Preparation.","authors":"Mingzhi Yu, Dongsheng Liu, Pranay Shah, Bei Qiu, Allen Mathew, Liang Yao, Tianyu Guan, Hengji Cong, Nan Zhang","doi":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c02373","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c02373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA therapeutics represent a pivotal advancement in contemporary medicine, pioneering innovative treatments in oncology and vaccine production. The inherent instability of RNA and its delivery challenges necessitate the use of lipid-based nanoparticles as crucial transport vehicles. This research focuses on the design, simulation, and optimization of various microfluidic channel configurations for fabricating poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microfluidic chips, aimed at producing lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) encapsulating green fluorescent protein mRNA (GFP mRNA). Aiming for high mixing efficiency and acceptable pressure drop suitable for scale-up, we designed and improved multiple microfluidic channels featuring flow focusing and diverse tilted rectangular baffle structures via computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Simulation results indicated that baffle angles ranging from 70 to 90° exhibited similar mixing efficiencies at different total flow rates, with pressure drops increasing alongside the baffle angle. Additionally, increasing the baffle length at a fixed angle of 70° not only improved mixing efficiency but also increased the pressure drop. To validate these findings, PDMS microfluidic chips were fabricated for all designs to prepare empty LNPs. The baffle structure with a 70° angle and 150 μm length was identified as the best configuration based on both simulation and experimental results. This optimal design was then used to prepare LNPs with varying GFP mRNA concentrations, demonstrating that an N/P ratio of 5.6 yielded the highest transfection efficiency from <i>in vitro</i> experiments. This work not only advances the production of lipid-based nanoparticles through microfluidics but also provides a scalable and reproducible method that can potentially enhance the clinical translation of RNA therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"3762-3772"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144109032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohammad Hamrangsekachaee, Yu Chen, Emily R. Tressler, Lucas McCauley, Nicholas R. O’Hare, Chinedu C. Okorafor, Sidi A. Bencherif* and Eno E. Ebong*,
{"title":"","authors":"Mohammad Hamrangsekachaee, Yu Chen, Emily R. Tressler, Lucas McCauley, Nicholas R. O’Hare, Chinedu C. Okorafor, Sidi A. Bencherif* and Eno E. Ebong*, ","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8,"journal":{"name":"ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering","volume":"11 6","pages":"XXX-XXX XXX-XXX"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.4c02401","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144358018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}