Biologia最新文献

{"title":"Metal nanoparticles and their toxicity impacts on microorganisms","authors":"Arulanandar Abishagu, Pandian Kannan, Uthandi Sivakumar, Narayanan Manikanda Boopathi, Murugaiyan Senthilkumar","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01760-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01760-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metal nanoparticles (MNPs) have gained considerable attention for their diverse applications across various fields, including medicine, electronics, and environmental remediation, agriculture and manufacturing. The relationship between metal nanoparticles and the microorganisms, highlighting the diverse mechanisms through which nanotoxicity manifests and influences microbial communities. Metal nanoparticles, owing to their unique physicochemical properties, can interact with the microbiome directly or indirectly, disrupting microbial homeostasis and functionality. The interactions are complex, involving mechanisms such as membrane disorganization, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and oxidative Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage. Comprehending the different types of metal nanoparticles, their antimicrobial properties, and the mechanisms that underlie their nanotoxicity towards microorganisms is imperative for the secure advancement and implementation of nanotechnology, paving the way for innovative strategies to mitigate adverse effects and promote sustainable nanomaterial applications. Nanotechnology has witnessed remarkable advancements in various fields, yet concerns regarding its potential adverse effects on biological systems, particularly the microbiome, have emerged as a significant area of investigation. This abstract highlight the importance of interdisciplinary approaches encompassing nanoscience, microbiology, and toxicology to unravel the intricate dynamics of metal nanoparticle-microbes’ interactions and facilitate the design of safer nanoproducts for diverse applications. Overall, this study emphasizes the need for more investigation to clarify the complex dynamics of metal nanoparticles in microbial environments and their long-term effects on sustainability and environmental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early postembryonic morphology of the stick insect subgenual organ complex","authors":"Johannes Strauß","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01758-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01758-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mechanoreceptor organs in hemimetabolous insects are physiologically important not only in the adult insects, but also for sensory functions in the juvenile postembryonic stages. They provide proprioceptive and exteroceptive information, e.g., in locomotion or orientation. In stick insects (Phasmatodea), the subgenual organ complex in the tibia of all legs is an elaborate mechanoreceptor system. This complex contains two chordotonal organs, the subgenual organ and the distal organ. These organs have mainly been studied in adult insects for the neuroanatomy and functional morphology. Here, the sensory organs were investigated in newly hatched <i>Ramulus artemis</i> (Westwood, 1859) to indicate the functional organisation at the beginning of postembryogenesis, when the detection of mechanical stimuli becomes relevant for behaviour. The organs were investigated by axonal tracing for the organ neuroanatomy, innervation, and number of sensilla in the distal organ. In addition, the sensory complex was analysed for the connection by a membrane between the organs. The organs are present after hatching, indicating in particular a possible vibration detection by the subgenual organ. In most cases, the connection between the sensory organs was also present. This indicates the development of sensory neurons and additional tissues during embryogenesis. The sensory neurons in the subgenual organ show a re-organisation, as the dorsal sensilla change from orientation in distal directions to proximal directions. This finding is discussed for implications in vibration detection. The overall results indicate some neuroanatomical modifications during postembryonic development, while the main structures of the subgenual organ complex already originate during embryonic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"157 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resting eggs bank and their hatching pattern in two co-occuring anostracans Phallocryptus spinosus and Branchinectella media (Crustacea) from saline lakes of the Aurès region (Northeastern Algeria)","authors":"Lynda Rais, Mounia Amarouayache, André Rochon","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01757-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01757-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Phallocryptus spinosus</i> (Milne-Edwards, 1840<b>)</b> and <i>Branchinectella media</i> (Schmankewitsch, 1873) are two anostracan species co-occurring in several saline lakes of the eastern steppic zone of Algeria. Both species produce resting eggs to persist in their temporary and unstable habitats, constituting a resting eggs bank. <i>B. media</i> has a wide and scattered distribution area, and it is known to prefer cold temperatures (16 °C max). Resting egg banks and hatching patterns of both species have been assessed in seven saline lakes. Results showed that densities of <i>P. spinosus</i> resting eggs were always higher than those of <i>B. media</i>, whatever the lake (<i>F</i> = 4.66, <i>p</i> = 0.0005). They range between 93,000 ± 75 and 1,495,000 ± 366.5 resting eggs m⁻² for <i>P. spinosus</i>, and between 670 ± 30 and 365,000 ± 268 resting eggs m⁻² for <i>B. media</i>. Hatching percentages of eggs incubated at temperatures of 16 °C and 22 °C, and salinities of 0 and 5 psu, showed that 16 °C and 5 psu was the most suitable combination for <i>B. media,</i> since 38.88 ± 1.93% of eggs hatched under these conditions. For <i>P. spinosus</i>, 81.11 ± 1.92% of eggs hatched at 22 °C and 5 psu<i>.</i> Resting eggs diameters measurements of both species as well as scanning electron micrographs of <i>B. media</i> are provided.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"229 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional characterisation of cell wall-associated β-glucanases and peroxidase induced during wheat-Diuraphis noxia interactions","authors":"Siphephelo N.N. Zondo, Lintle Mohase, Vicki L. Tolmay, Mpho S. Mafa","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01734-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01734-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Wheat plants infested by Russian wheat aphids (RWA) induce a cascade of defence responses, which include increased activity of β-1,3-glucanase and peroxidase (POD). There is a lack of information regarding β-1,3-glucanase and POD synergistic effects on the plant cell wall modification and characterisation during wheat-RWA infestation. This study aimed to characterise the physicochemical properties of the cell wall-bound POD and β-1,3-glucanase during RWA-wheat interaction. The susceptible Tugela, moderately resistant Tugela-<i>Dn1</i>, and resistant Tugela-<i>Dn5</i> cultivars were planted in a glasshouse to a seedling stage before being infested with RWASA2 for 14 days. The findings showed a significant increase in β-1,3-glucanase and POD activities in the infested Tugela-<i>Dn5</i> and Tugela-<i>Dn1</i> cultivars over the 14 days. However, in the Tugela enzymes were repressed. In addition, it was shown for the first time that β-1,3 − 1,4-glucanase activity specific toward mixed-linked glucan was significant in the resistant cultivar over 14 days. β-1,3-glucanase, β-1,3 − 1,4-glucanase and POD displayed optimum at pH 5. β-1,3-glucanase and POD displayed temperature optimum at 40 and 50 °C, respectively. However, β-1,3 − 1,4-glucanase had temperature optimum at 25 °C. β-1,3-glucanase and POD had a thermo-stability at 37 °C followed by about 80% relative activity at 70 °C, but β-1,3 − 1,4-glucanase displayed thermostability at 25 °C and retained more than 75% at 70 °C, confirming that β-1,3 − 1,4-glucanase and β-1,3-glucanase induced in the resistant cultivars cell wall were two different enzymes. Mechanism of actions and oligosaccharide displayed that β-1,3-glucanase was highly active against β-1,3-glucan and required a triose and higher oligosaccharide to be active. Our findings demonstrated cell-wall bound POD and β-1,3-glucanase activities significantly increased in wheat after RWASA2 infestation, revealing they acted synergistically to reinforce the cell wall to deter RWASA2 feeding in resistant cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and identification of bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria from Daqu and mining of bacteriocin gene","authors":"Yang Li, Yao Wu, Zhong Peng, Liuzhu Long, Qingyan Guo, Lei Tian, Zongjun He, Shuangquan Xiang, Yingxia Kang, Tongwei Guan","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01746-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01746-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bacteriocins are peptides or proteins produced by ribosomes that have bacteriostatic activity. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are the main producers of bacteriocins, and most studies have screened bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria from traditional dairy products, screening lactic acid bacteria from new materials has become an important aim of bacteriocin exploration at this stage. A total of 49 LAB strains of 20 species in 6 genus were screened from a mixed sample of eight Daqu using traditional pure culture methods. And the results were then combined with high-throughput sequencing to further understand the distribution of LAB in Daqu. At the same time, the diversity of model LAB bacteriocins was explored through database analyses. Using BAGEL4 software and computer mining method, 286 gene clusters of 183 homologs from 60 different types of bacteriocins were predicted and a phylogenetic tree has been constructed to better show the distribution characteristics of bacteriocin related genes in LAB species. This study also shows that Daqu has the potential to mine bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria, and provides a reference for enriching the sources of new bacteriocins.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urease-driven CaCO3 production by Bacillus megaterium RB-05 for application in sand stabilization","authors":"Suvendu Manna, Saswati Dutta, Manoj Kumar, Anjali Panwar, Debasis Roy","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01751-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01751-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, growth and enzyme production of <i>Bacillus megaterium</i> RB-05 was achieved at varying parameters such as temperature, incubation time, pH, carbon source and nitrogen source. Naturally occurring sand with 97% quartz was utilized as the matrix for bacterial growth and CaCO₃ precipitation. The estimation of CaCO₃ precipitation was done through gravimetric analysis and CaCO₃ deposition was detected through EDX and SEM analysis. Furthermore, sand stabilization was determined through Drained triaxial tests. The results obtained showed maximum bacterial growth and urease activity at pH 7, 35⁰C temperature and 48 h incubation time. Bacteria showed maximum growth with glucose as carbon source however, significant urease activity was observed with both glucose and maltose. Optimum bacterial growth was observed with ammonium chloride as the nitrogen source however, maximum urease activity was observed with ammonium sulphate. CaCO₃ precipitation of treated sand showed a linear relation between CaCO₃ precipitation with urease production. The EDX and SEM analysis showed CaCO₃ deposition between sand particles and on the surface. Furthermore, the stress response of sand showed enhanced sand strength at maximum CaCO₃ precipitation. The obtained results show the link between urease production, CaCO₃ precipitation, and sand stabilization by MICP. High urease activity influences CaCO₃ precipitation in the soil followed by enhanced soil strength. However, the positive results were obtained in reactor environment, further studies are required to make the technique applicable.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141746025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A proteomic study to elucidate molecular relationships between iron, oxidative stress and polyphosphate in Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)","authors":"Şerif Yilmaz, Filiz Yeşilirmak, Sedef Tunca","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01753-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01753-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Polyphosphate (polyP) is an important energy and phosphate storage polymer present in all organisms. In <i>Streptomyces</i>, the deletion of the polyP kinase (PPK) gene resulted in an antibiotic-overproducing phenotype. However, the industrial use of overproducing ∆<i>ppk Streptomyces</i> strains is hampered by their increased sensitivity to oxidative stress, likely indicating an increase in their internal oxidative stress. Iron is an essential element for various cellular processes, yet excess iron generates oxidative stress, particularly via the Fenton reaction. Interestingly, polyP can sequester iron, reducing its bioavailability and thus oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationships between polyP metabolism, iron homeostasis and oxidative stress in <i>Streptomyces coelicolor</i>. To achieve this, comparative proteomic analyses were conducted on three biological replicates of wild-type (WT) and ∆<i>ppk</i> strains grown in iron-containing and iron-free media. The results indicated that even in the absence of iron, the deletion of <i>ppk</i> significantly altered the total proteome, thereby confirming the importance of PPK in the cellular metabolism. For instance, proteins involved in energy metabolism and protein folding were more abundant in the ∆<i>ppk</i> mutant than in the WT. In the presence of iron the abundance of the proteins involved in phosphate metabolism, oxidative stress response, and translation was higher in the ∆<i>ppk</i> mutant strain than in the WT. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to elucidate the relationship between iron homeostasis, oxidative stress, and polyphosphate in <i>Streptomyces</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141738000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence, isolation, and identification of emergent pathogens of taxon Vibrio from the Danube river in Bratislava city, Slovakia","authors":"Alexandra Vozárová, Veronika Šmátralová, Renáta Fľaková, Milan Seman","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01732-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01732-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The occurrence of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i>, <i>Vibrio metschnikovii</i> and <i>Vibrio fluvialis</i>, important aquatic human pathogens of genus <i>Vibrio</i>, were determined in the surface water of the Danube River in Bratislava. The isolates were identified by biochemical tests. Biochemical characteristics of environmental isolates could be slightly different from reference and clinical strains which is reflected in dissimilarity rate, which was in our case not sufficient. A molecular method called amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis was used for confirmation of phenotypic identification. The species identity of 19 out of 22 isolates was confirmed, in the case of 3 misidentified ones, the identity of the genus did not change. The identity of all <i>V. cholerae</i> isolates was confirmed by PCR using species-specific gene called <i>ompW</i>. Also, main virulence factors of these isolates were determined. None of the isolates possessed all three virulence factors necessary for the induction of cholera.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141746029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of desmids in the Thattekkad Bird Sanctuary, Kerala, India: a comprehensive exploration","authors":"Puthuvalnikarthil Babu Bibina, Ambazhathodi Prabhakaran Praseetha, Chenathuparmbil Jose Ammini, Vadakkethil Balakrishnan Sreekumar, Parappully Tessy Paul","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01740-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01740-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study tries to account for the diversity of desmids and also determine their distribution and abundance in Thattekkad Bird Sanctuary, situated in Ernakulam District, the first Bird Sanctuary in Kerala and lies within the geographical limits of 10°08′N 76°41′E and 10°13′N 76°68′E. The water samples collected were preserved and the physico-chemical parameters were analyzed using standard protocols. The study was carried out over a period of one year, from March 2022 to April 2023 in three seasons (pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon) from the freshwater resources within the sanctuary like rivers, streams, and ponds. The following physico-chemical parameters of water were analyzed: the concentration of nitrates and phosphates, pH, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and turbidity. Desmids are unicellular algae that belong to conjugating green algae and occur exclusively in freshwaters, each cell consists of two almost symmetrical and often profusely sculptured segments. The current study identified a total of seventy-four taxa, which are distributed under four families and 18 genera. Predominant genera included were <i>Cosmarium</i> (21), <i>Euastrum</i> (12), and <i>Staurastrum</i> (8). Notably <i>Heimansia pusilla</i>, <i>Euastrum praemorsum</i>, <i>Euastrum jenneri</i>, <i>Staurastrum saltans</i> var. <i>javanicum</i>, <i>Cosmarium clepsydra </i>var. <i>bicardia</i> are new reports to India, five species are new reports to Kerala and all species being novel to Thattekkad Bird Sanctuary. The Shannon’s diversity index is in the range of 0.8070 to 1.0151, and Simpson’s Index range between 0.5051 to 0.6177.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New and interesting records of rare caddisflies (Trichoptera, Insecta) from Slovakia with comments on their ecology and conservation status","authors":"Tomáš Navara, Branislav Endel, Igor Kokavec, Jozef Lukáš, Oto Majzlan, Ján Samay, Katarína Thomková, Ľubomír Vidlička, Pavel Chvojka","doi":"10.1007/s11756-024-01743-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11756-024-01743-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The distribution and diversity of insects are crucial conservation issues. The order Trichoptera is comprised of numerous endangered species, but the rarity of some makes it challenging to determine their conservation priority. In recent decades, data based on caddisfly larvae have become more frequent in limnological research in Slovakia. Our research, focusing mainly on adult caddisflies, has led to more reliable and accurate identification of many species that cannot be identified with certainty in the larval stage.We combined several entomological methods, including sweeping, Malaise traps, and UV light attraction, to increase the likelihood of catching rare species. The text lists and discusses the discoveries of caddisfly species that are particularly important for faunistics or biodiversity in Slovakia, as well as in the Central European context. <i>Enoicyla reichenbachii</i> (Kolenati, 1848), <i>Limnephilus incisus</i> Curtis, 1834, <i>Ptilocolepus granulatus</i> (Pictet, 1834) and <i>Oecetis testacea</i> (Curtis, 1834) were recorded for the first time in Slovakia. The rare species <i>Hagenella clathrata</i> (Kolenati, 1848) and <i>Adicella balcanica</i> Botosaneanu and Novák, 1965, previously found in Slovakia, were also recorded. Additionally, a new locality of <i>Adicella syriaca</i> Ulmer, 1907 indicates a further northward shift of this Mediterranean species. We further discussed the faunistically important records of <i>Beraeamyia hrabei</i> Mayer, 1937, <i>Allotrichia pallicornis</i> (Eaton, 1873), <i>Ceraclea riparia</i> (Albarda, 1874), <i>Grammotaulius nitidus</i> (Müller, 1764) and <i>Limnephilus fuscicornis</i> Rambur, 1842 from Slovakia. The conservation status of each species is proposed and discussed on the basis of our faunistic records, in accordance with the forthcoming update of the Slovak Red Book.</p>","PeriodicalId":8978,"journal":{"name":"Biologia","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141737893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}