Anatomy research international最新文献_第8页

Locomotor Anatomy and Behavior of Patas Monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) with Comparison to Vervet Monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). 赤猴(Erythrocebus Patas)的运动解剖学和行为，并与黑尾猴(Cercopithecus aethiops)进行比较。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-09-26 DOI: 10.1155/2013/409534

Adrienne L Zihlman, Carol E Underwood

{"title":"Locomotor Anatomy and Behavior of Patas Monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) with Comparison to Vervet Monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops).","authors":"Adrienne L Zihlman, Carol E Underwood","doi":"10.1155/2013/409534","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2013/409534","url":null,"abstract":"Patas monkeys (Erythrocebus patas) living in African savanna woodlands and grassland habitats have a locomotor system that allows them to run fast, presumably to avoid predators. Long fore- and hindlimbs, long foot bones, short toes, and a digitigrade foot posture were proposed as anatomical correlates with speed. In addition to skeletal proportions, soft tissue and whole body proportions are important components of the locomotor system. To further distinguish patas anatomy from other Old World monkeys, a comparative study based on dissection of skin, muscle, and bone from complete individuals of patas and vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) was undertaken. Analysis reveals that small adjustments in patas skeletal proportions, relative mass of limbs and tail, and specific muscle groups promote efficient sagittal limb motion. The ability to run fast is based on a locomotor system adapted for long distance walking. The patas' larger home range and longer daily range than those of vervets give them access to highly dispersed, nutritious foods, water, and sleeping trees. Furthermore, patas monkeys have physiological adaptations that enable them to tolerate and dissipate heat. These features all contribute to the distinct adaptation that is the patas monkeys' basis for survival in grassland and savanna woodland areas. ","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"2013 ","pages":"409534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/409534","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31831392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

The Anatomical Correlation between the Internal Venous Vertebral System and the Cranial Venae Cavae in Rabbit. 兔内静脉椎体系统与颅腔静脉的解剖关系。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-11-21 DOI: 10.1155/2013/204027

David Mazensky, Eva Petrovova, Jan Danko

{"title":"The Anatomical Correlation between the Internal Venous Vertebral System and the Cranial Venae Cavae in Rabbit.","authors":"David Mazensky, Eva Petrovova, Jan Danko","doi":"10.1155/2013/204027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/204027","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to describe the possible variations in the connection between the internal venous vertebral system and the cranial vena cava in rabbit using corrosion technique. The study was carried out on 40 adult New Zealand white rabbits. The venous system was injected by using Batson's corrosion casting kit number 17. We found the connection between the internal venous vertebral system and the cranial vena cava by means of the vertebral veins and the right azygos vein. The vertebral vein was present as independent tributary in 36 cases (90%). In the rest of the cases, it was found as being double, being triple, or forming a common trunk with other veins. The azygos vein was present as independent tributary of the cranial vena cava in 39 cases (97.5%). We found also a common trunk formed by the junction of the deep cervical vein, the right vertebral vein, and the azygos vein in one case (2.5%). The azygos vein received 6, 7, 8, or 9 pairs of dorsal intercostal veins. Documenting the anatomical variations in the rabbit will aid in the planning of future experimental studies and determining the clinical relevance on such studies. ","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"2013 ","pages":"204027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/204027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"31964477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The maze of the cerebrospinal fluid discovery. 脑脊液迷宫的发现。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-12-12 DOI: 10.1155/2013/596027

Leszek Herbowski

引用次数: 21

Open and arthroscopic surgical anatomy of the ankle. 开放和关节镜下的踝关节外科解剖。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-10-29 DOI: 10.1155/2013/182650

Rachel M Frank, Andrew R Hsu, Christopher E Gross, David M Walton, Simon Lee

引用次数: 6

Scapulothoracic anatomy and snapping scapula syndrome. 肩胛骨解剖与肩胛骨紧张症。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-11-28 DOI: 10.1155/2013/635628

Rachel M Frank, Jose Ramirez, Peter N Chalmers, Frank M McCormick, Anthony A Romeo

引用次数: 25

Anatomy of the human subthalamic nucleus: a combined morphometric study. 人类丘脑底核的解剖:一项综合形态计量学研究。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-12-15 DOI: 10.1155/2013/319710

Ioannis Mavridis, Efstathios Boviatsis, Sophia Anagnostopoulou

{"title":"Anatomy of the human subthalamic nucleus: a combined morphometric study.","authors":"Ioannis Mavridis, Efstathios Boviatsis, Sophia Anagnostopoulou","doi":"10.1155/2013/319710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/319710","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Our purpose was to provide a combined clinically oriented study focused on the detailed anatomy of the human STN, with great respect to its targeting. Methods. For our imaging study, we used cerebral magnetic resonance images (MRIs) from 26 neurosurgical patients and for our anatomic study 32 cerebral hemispheres from 18 normal brains from cadaver donors. We measured and analyzed the STN dimensions (based on its stereotactic coordinates). Results. At stereotactic level Z = -4, the STN length was 7.7 mm on MRIs and 8.1 mm in anatomic specimens. Its width was 6 mm on MRIs and 6.3 mm in anatomic specimens. The STN was averagely visible in 3.2 transverse MRI slices and its maximum dimension was 8.5 mm. The intercommissural distance was 26.3 mm on MRIs and 27.3 mm in anatomic specimens. We found statistically significant difference of the STN width and length between individuals <60 and ≥60 years old. Conclusion. The identification of the STN limits was easier in anatomic specimens than on MRIs and easier on T2 compared to T1-weighted MRIs sections. STN dimensions appear slightly smaller on MRIs. Younger people have wider and longer STN. ","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"2013 ","pages":"319710"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/319710","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32023077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 24

Root anatomy and root canal configuration of human permanent mandibular premolars: a systematic review. 人类恒下颌前磨牙的根解剖学和根管结构:系统综述。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2013-01-01 Epub Date: 2013-12-22 DOI: 10.1155/2013/254250

Jojo Kottoor, Denzil Albuquerque, Natanasabapathy Velmurugan, Jacob Kuruvilla

{"title":"Root anatomy and root canal configuration of human permanent mandibular premolars: a systematic review.","authors":"Jojo Kottoor, Denzil Albuquerque, Natanasabapathy Velmurugan, Jacob Kuruvilla","doi":"10.1155/2013/254250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/254250","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Mandibular premolars have been reported with complex anatomical aberrations, making them one of the most difficult teeth to manage endodontically. Methodology. An exhaustive search was undertaken to identify associated anatomic studies of mandibular premolars through MEDLINE/PubMed database using keywords, and a systematic review of the relevant articles was performed. Chi-square test with Yates correction was performed to assess the statistical significance of any anatomic variations between ethnicities and within populations of the same ethnicity. Documented case reports of variations in mandibular premolar anatomy were also identified and reviewed. Results. Thirty-six anatomic studies were analyzed which included 12,752 first premolars and nineteen studies assessing 6646 second premolars. A significant variation in the number of roots, root canals, and apical foramen was observed between Caucasian, Indian, Mongoloid, and Middle Eastern ethnicities.The most common anatomic variation was C-shaped canals in mandibular first premolars with highest incidence in Mongoloid populations (upto 24%) while dens invaginatus was the most common developmental anomaly. Conclusions. A systematic review of mandibular premolars based on ethnicity and geographic clusters offered enhanced analysis of the prevalence of number of roots and canals, their canal configuration, and other related anatomy. ","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"2013 ","pages":"254250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2013/254250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32054328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 84

Imaging an adapted dentoalveolar complex. 适应牙槽复合体成像。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-01-19 DOI: 10.1155/2012/782571

Ralf-Peter Herber, Justine Fong, Seth A Lucas, Sunita P Ho

引用次数: 15

Etiopathogenesis of insulin autoimmunity. 胰岛素自身免疫的发病机制。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-02-22 DOI: 10.1155/2012/457546

Norio Kanatsuna, George K Papadopoulos, Antonis K Moustakas, Ake Lenmark

{"title":"Etiopathogenesis of insulin autoimmunity.","authors":"Norio Kanatsuna, George K Papadopoulos, Antonis K Moustakas, Ake Lenmark","doi":"10.1155/2012/457546","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2012/457546","url":null,"abstract":"Autoimmunity against pancreatic islet beta cells is strongly associated with proinsulin, insulin, or both. The insulin autoreactivity is particularly pronounced in children with young age at onset of type 1 diabetes. Possible mechanisms for (pro)insulin autoimmunity may involve beta-cell destruction resulting in proinsulin peptide presentation on HLA-DR-DQ Class II molecules in pancreatic draining lymphnodes. Recent data on proinsulin peptide binding to type 1 diabetes-associated HLA-DQ2 and -DQ8 is reviewed and illustrated by molecular modeling. The importance of the cellular immune reaction involving cytotoxic CD8-positive T cells to kill beta cells through Class I MHC is discussed along with speculations of the possible role of B lymphocytes in presenting the proinsulin autoantigen over and over again through insulin-carrying insulin autoantibodies. In contrast to autoantibodies against other islet autoantigens such as GAD65, IA-2, and ZnT8 transporters, it has not been possible yet to standardize the insulin autoantibody test. As islet autoantibodies predict type 1 diabetes, it is imperative to clarify the mechanisms of insulin autoimmunity.","PeriodicalId":89526,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy research international","volume":"2012 ","pages":"457546"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3335545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30601074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis on the incidence of the fibularis quartus muscle using magnetic resonance imaging. 用磁共振成像分析腓骨四角肌的发病率。

Anatomy research international Pub Date : 2012-01-01 Epub Date: 2012-07-09 DOI: 10.1155/2012/485149

Sérgio Ricardo Rios Nascimento, Renata Watanabe Costa, Cristiane Regina Ruiz, Nader Wafae

引用次数: 9