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Journal of organ dysfunction最新文献

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The central nervous system as an initiator of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: a mini-review 中枢神经系统作为多器官功能障碍综合征的发起者:一个小型回顾
Journal of organ dysfunction Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/17471060600986150
E. Estenssoro
{"title":"The central nervous system as an initiator of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: a mini-review","authors":"E. Estenssoro","doi":"10.1080/17471060600986150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17471060600986150","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, it has become clear that prognosis after various types of acute brain injury (cranial trauma, stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage) is related not only to admission or post-reuscitation Glasgow coma score, but to the degree of distant, concomitant organ failures. Suggested mechanisms accounting for these processes are massive catecholamine secretion at the moment of the initial injury, secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, alterations in coagulation state, infections and complications of CPP-directed therapy .","PeriodicalId":89424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of organ dysfunction","volume":"178 1","pages":"3-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82995727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1): a critical regulator of innate immune responses 丝裂原活化蛋白激酶磷酸酶-1 (MKP-1):先天免疫应答的关键调节因子
Journal of organ dysfunction Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/17471060601137415
H. Chi, A. Bennett, R. Flavell
{"title":"Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP-1): a critical regulator of innate immune responses","authors":"H. Chi, A. Bennett, R. Flavell","doi":"10.1080/17471060601137415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17471060601137415","url":null,"abstract":"Innate immune responses mediated by macrophages and dendritic cells through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a central role in sensing and eliminating microbial pathogens. However, excessive innate immune responses can result in sepsis, autoimmunity, and chronic inflammation. Cells have evolved multiple mechanisms to prevent deleterious TLR activation, including transcriptional induction of intracellular negative regulators. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphatase-1 (MKP-1) is a nuclear-localized dual-specificity phosphatase that is induced by TLR stimulation in macrophages. MKP-1 preferentially dephosphorylates p38 MAPK and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, resulting in the attenuation of TLR-triggered production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. MKP-1 deficiency in mice leads to a markedly elevated susceptibility to endotoxic shock (a murine model of sepsis) and autoimmune arthritis, highlighting a key role for MKP-1 in regulating innate immunity. Herein we discuss bioche...","PeriodicalId":89424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of organ dysfunction","volume":"191 1","pages":"72-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79573346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Trauma and sepsis in the intensive care unit 重症监护室的创伤和败血症
Journal of organ dysfunction Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/17471060701216812
D. Dries
{"title":"Trauma and sepsis in the intensive care unit","authors":"D. Dries","doi":"10.1080/17471060701216812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17471060701216812","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. To highlight recent work directing practice standards for the resuscitation and respiratory support of patients sustaining trauma and infection. Material and methods. We undertook a selective review of the literature. Results. Careful use of blood products has received increasing attention in the setting of injury. Early aggressive administration of blood products may reduce the use of transfusion and improve outcomes while overuse of blood products increases the risk of complications, including transfusion-related acute lung injury. The septic patient will also benefit from early administration of fluids, vasoactive drugs and blood products. For sepsis and trauma patients, ventilator strategies favoring reduction of tidal volume and elevation of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) as lung-protective efforts are supported by recent data. Conclusion. Selective use of blood products and fluids leading to a reduction in tidal volume and an increase in PEEP support the enhanced management of trauma and sepsis.","PeriodicalId":89424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of organ dysfunction","volume":"1 1","pages":"123-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90308755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Does lung aging have an impact on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 肺老化对慢性阻塞性肺疾病有影响吗
Journal of organ dysfunction Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/17471060601137407
Kazuhiro Ito
{"title":"Does lung aging have an impact on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"Kazuhiro Ito","doi":"10.1080/17471060601137407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17471060601137407","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic inflammatory airway disease. It has become one of the commonest diseases worldwide and a major global healthcare problem. The disease progresses very slowly and, in contrast to asthma, the majority of affected patients are middle-aged or elderly. There is increasing evidence of a direct relationship between aging and an increased incidence of chronic inflammatory disease. Thus, in this review, the link between aging of the lung and the progression of COPD is discussed. Aging, or senescence, is defined as the progressive decline in homeostasis that occurs after the reproductive phase of life is completed, leading to an increasing risk of disease or death. This is the result of a failure of organ maintenance resulting from DNA damage, oxidative stress and telomere shortening. During aging, pulmonary function progressively deteriorates and inflammation of the lung increases, and these changes are accompanied by structural changes. Environmental stimul...","PeriodicalId":89424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of organ dysfunction","volume":"65 1","pages":"204-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76021374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Study of hepatocytes using RNA interference RNA干扰肝细胞的研究
Journal of organ dysfunction Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/17471060701286559
S. Niimi, M. Harashima, M. Hyuga, Teruhide Yamaguchi
{"title":"Study of hepatocytes using RNA interference","authors":"S. Niimi, M. Harashima, M. Hyuga, Teruhide Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1080/17471060701286559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17471060701286559","url":null,"abstract":"RNA interference (RNAi) is the process of sequence-specific gene silencing, initiated by small double-stranded RNA homologous in sequence to the target gene. Various factors involved in the regulation of hepatocyte function have been identified using RNAi, indicating that RNAi is a useful strategy for characterization. There has been some success in treating experimental liver dysfunction using RNAi in several model systems, suggesting a promising new therapeutic strategy. A number of groups have also demonstrated that RNAi can interfere with hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus gene expression and replication in several model systems, suggesting a new approach for the treatment of these viral diseases. This review summarizes studies of hepatocytes using RNAi.","PeriodicalId":89424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of organ dysfunction","volume":"13 1","pages":"164-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78959610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adult stem cells of the lung in organ dysfunction 成体肺干细胞在器官功能障碍中的作用
Journal of organ dysfunction Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/17471060600911661
L. Williams, Y. Peter
{"title":"Adult stem cells of the lung in organ dysfunction","authors":"L. Williams, Y. Peter","doi":"10.1080/17471060600911661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17471060600911661","url":null,"abstract":"A major function of the lung is proper maintenance of gas exchange, with respiration being fundamental to the survival of the organism. Lung adult stem cells (LASCs) are thought to play a key role in tissue formation and repair. However, data on the origin, characteristics, clonality and function of LASCs in restoration are scarce and often contradictory. We discuss the experimental findings and complexities concerning LASCs, and summarize the data. Moreover, based on literature results, we deliberate on the multipotent progenitors which expand and mature into distinct cellular lineages. Understanding the expansion and differentiation of LASCs is beneficial in terms of elucidating the mechanisms of pulmonary regeneration and will potentially lay the foundation for novel therapeutic breakthroughs in lung repair.","PeriodicalId":89424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of organ dysfunction","volume":"91 1","pages":"31-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79978407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Significance of lung hyperinflation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 慢性阻塞性肺疾病肺恶性膨胀的意义
Journal of organ dysfunction Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/17471060600845190
Ann-Sophie Alm, A. Ingvarsson, Xiangdong Wang
{"title":"Significance of lung hyperinflation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","authors":"Ann-Sophie Alm, A. Ingvarsson, Xiangdong Wang","doi":"10.1080/17471060600845190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17471060600845190","url":null,"abstract":"Lung hyperinflation is a critical characteristic of pathophysiological changes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and is associated with the severity and prognosis of the disease. In an attempt to understand the importance of lung hyperinflation in the pathogenesis of chronic lung disease, we will discuss in this review the understanding of the disease, measurements of lung hyperinflation in COPD, clinical findings of lung hyperinflation in emphysema, potential mechanisms of lung hyperinflation, its potential reversibility and comparison of lung hyperinflation between asthma and COPD. Multiple factors may contribute to the development of lung hyperinflation, including compromised alveolar walls, increased intra-airway pressure, inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia and metaplasia and tissue remodeling. The development of new technology to measure lung hyperinflation will be helpful in the diagnosis and monitoring of the disease. Improvement in lung hyperinflation should become one of the mos...","PeriodicalId":89424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of organ dysfunction","volume":"12 1","pages":"44-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82480332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Host defense against Bacillus anthracis and its subversion by anthrax toxins: a role for type-IIA secreted phospholipase A2 宿主防御炭疽芽孢杆菌及其被炭疽毒素破坏:iia型分泌磷脂酶A2的作用
Journal of organ dysfunction Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/17471060601152224
B. Raymond, L. Touqui
{"title":"Host defense against Bacillus anthracis and its subversion by anthrax toxins: a role for type-IIA secreted phospholipase A2","authors":"B. Raymond, L. Touqui","doi":"10.1080/17471060601152224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17471060601152224","url":null,"abstract":"Among the enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids, type-IIA secreted phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA) plays a major role in the development of a number of inflammatory diseases. Indeed, this enzyme has been shown to release arachidonic acid, the precursor of pro-inflammatory eicosanoids, and to hydrolyze phospholipids of pulmonary surfactant. This hydrolysis, which alters the tensioactive properties of surfactant phospholipids, leading to alveolar collapse, plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of acute respiratory distress syndrome. sPLA2-IIA has also been shown to bind to specific receptors located on cell surface membranes, although the biological significance of this binding remains unclear. However, the most well-established biological role of sPLA2-IIA is related to its potent bactericidal properties compared to other sPLA2s. This bactericidal effect is due to the ability of sPLA2-IIA to bind to and penetrate the cell wall of bacteria, especially those of Gram-positive bacteria....","PeriodicalId":89424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of organ dysfunction","volume":"30 1","pages":"104-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83369479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epidemiology of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: an update 心脏手术后急性肾损伤的流行病学研究进展
Journal of organ dysfunction Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/17471060701236935
K. Regner
{"title":"Epidemiology of acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery: an update","authors":"K. Regner","doi":"10.1080/17471060701236935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17471060701236935","url":null,"abstract":"This aim of this review is to highlight recent studies that have furthered our understanding of the epidemiology, risk factors, and prognosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery. AKI is an important postoperative complication of cardiac surgery and is an independent risk factor for perioperative mortality. A consensus definition of AKI, the risk, injury, failure, loss, end-stage kidney disease (RIFLE) criteria, has recently been evaluated in the cardiac surgery population. AKI is an independent risk factor for postoperative death and is associated with increased postoperative complications and overall resource utilization. Despite the high early mortality rate, patients with postoperative AKI who survive to hospital discharge have a reasonable long-term prognosis. The identification of risk factors for AKI has allowed the development of preoperative risk stratification strategies. Future studies are necessary to determine if preoperative risk stratification leads to improved outcomes by...","PeriodicalId":89424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of organ dysfunction","volume":"106 1","pages":"232-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76569817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Inflammatory myocardial injury: the role of lymphocytes in atherosclerosis and other heart diseases 炎症性心肌损伤:淋巴细胞在动脉粥样硬化等心脏疾病中的作用
Journal of organ dysfunction Pub Date : 2007-01-01 DOI: 10.3109/17471060701726190
M. Daniels, C. Yap, H. Nandurkar, A. Macisaac, M. Yii
{"title":"Inflammatory myocardial injury: the role of lymphocytes in atherosclerosis and other heart diseases","authors":"M. Daniels, C. Yap, H. Nandurkar, A. Macisaac, M. Yii","doi":"10.3109/17471060701726190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/17471060701726190","url":null,"abstract":"Heart disease is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. Cardiovascular disease, most of which occurs secondary to atherosclerosis, accounted for more than one-third of all deaths in Australia in 2006, and this is likely to increase as the population ages and the incidence of diabetes rises. Ongoing research has led to the development of international guidelines for the prevention and treatment of ischaemic heart disease (IHD). Recent research has highlighted the inflammatory basis of atherosclerosis and provided hope of new therapeutic targets in IHD, including treatments able to cause disease regression. This paper will review the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of heart disease. Recent research on the interaction between the immune system and heart disease has focused on the role of T lymphocytes in coronary heart disease. This paper will focus on immunity and atherosclerosis. In addition, we will review the cellular mechanisms by which lymphocytes may injure the myocardium and...","PeriodicalId":89424,"journal":{"name":"Journal of organ dysfunction","volume":"69 1","pages":"224-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81702693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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