Biomedicines最新文献

{"title":"The Usefulness of Peripheral and Organ Perfusion Monitoring in Predicting Mortality in Patients with Severe SARS-CoV-2.","authors":"Mateusz Gutowski, Arkadiusz Lubas, Bartosz Rustecki, Jakub Klimkiewicz","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13092269","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13092269","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: This study assessed whether repeated monitoring of peripheral and organ perfusion predicts mortality in severe SARS-CoV-2 patients. <b>Methods</b>: Peripheral perfusion was measured with finger oxygen saturation (SpO2), capillary refill time (CRT), and finger infrared thermography (FIT). Organ perfusion was measured with the color Doppler renal cortex perfusion (RCP) and Renal Cortical Resistive Index (RCRI). Patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia were examined after a mean of 7 days of intensive treatment. <b>Results</b>: A total of 46 patients (16 women, 30 men, age 55.2 ± 12.7 years) completed the study. SpO2 and CRT emerged as independent key bedside indicators of prognosis, with an OR for death of 0.665 (CI 0.472-0.938) and 2.223 (CI 1.144-4.322). An SpO2 of 95% (sensitivity 58.3%, specificity of 64.7%) and CRT of ≥4 s (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity of 83.9%) were found as the best threshold values for the elevated risk of mortality. From estimated blood tests, only C-reactive proteins (OR 1.252, CI 1.023-1.542) and ferritin (OR 1.001, CI 1.000-1.002) were independently associated with mortality. Moreover, the elevation in CRP was a substantial death indicator (OR 1.707, CI 1.046-2.784). <b>Conclusions</b>: The estimation of peripheral perfusion using SpO2 and CRT after initial intensive treatment is helpful in the prediction of outcomes in patients with severe COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467024/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Neurorehabilitation of the Cognitive Symptoms of Long COVID Evaluated with Neuropsi Atención y Memoria-III and BANFE-III.","authors":"Ana Lilia Dotor-Llerena, Samuel Reyes-Long, Leilani Najera-García, Sandra Hernández-Corral, Elena Arechaga-Ocampo, Karina Avendaño-Ortiz, David Trejo-Martínez, Humberto Rosell-Becerril, Jose Luis Cortes-Altamirano, Alfonso Alfaro-Rodríguez","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13092267","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13092267","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: The long-haul symptoms of COVID-19 have not been properly attended, especially those of the central nervous system. Attention, memory and executive functioning are the three main cognitive symptoms reported for long COVID patients. To this day, neurorehabilitation therapy to alleviate these symptoms has not been proposed. <b>Objectives</b>: The current study aims to evaluate the effect of a neurorehabilitation intervention on the three most prevalent symptoms reported for long COVID in Mexican patients: memory, attention and executive functioning. <b>Methods</b>: Subjects were recruited at Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra and underwent a novel neurorehabilitation intervention for 6 months. Baseline measurements were taken using validated instruments (Neuropsi, BANFE and CCQ) before the intervention and after it. <b>Results</b>: A significant decrease in the normalized score of the Memory component of the Neuropsi Atención y Memoria III test was found after the intervention, along with a decrease in two components of the BANFE-III test. <b>Conclusions</b>: In the current study, a successful neuropsychology intervention for the main cognitive symptoms of long COVID in a Mexican population reduced subjective self-perceived complaints and objectively measured cognitive symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467252/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding TRIP13's Role in Gastric Cancer: Implications for Prognosis and Immune Response.","authors":"Tongguo Shi, Yu Shen, Anjing Zhao, Rufang Dong, Fan Chen, Suhua Xia","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13092268","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13092268","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Gastric cancer (GC), a prevalent global malignancy and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, has a poorly understood prognosis related to <i>TRIP13</i> expression. <i>TRIP13</i> has a recognized part in driving tumor progression across different cancer types, yet its precise role in GC remains beyond our full comprehension. Our study aimed to explore <i>TRIP13's</i> prognostic value and function in GC patients. <b>Methods</b>: We extensively explored <i>TRIP13's</i> influence on GC prognosis, functionality, and immune response by examining various cancer-related databases like UALCAN, GEPIA, GEO, and TIMER. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was also conducted to assess the link between <i>TRIM13</i> and GC patient survival. <b>Results</b>: <i>TRIP13</i> expression levels were found to be significantly elevated in GC tissues compared to normal tissues through analysis of mRNA data from multiple public databases. IHC analysis exposed elevated TRIP13 protein levels in GC tissues and connected it with tumor depth. Prognostic evaluation demonstrated that GC patients exhibiting heightened TRIP13 expression endured a diminished overall survival rate. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that genes related to <i>TRIP13</i> are involved in processes such as the cell cycle and DNA repair. Additionally, <i>TRIP13</i> expression was found to correlate with ferroptosis-related genes and may play a role in regulating ferroptosis. Immune cell infiltration analysis demonstrated that <i>TRIP13</i> expression is negatively correlated with the infiltration of CD4⁺ T cells, CD8⁺ T cells, and B cells. <b>Conclusions</b>: <i>TRIP13</i> emerges as a candidate independent prognostic indicator and a promising intervention point for GC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Sacubitril/Valsartan (ARNI) Compared with ACEI/ARB in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction on Post-Infarction Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction: A Retrospective Analysis.","authors":"Rafał Niemiec, Małgorzata Niemiec, Martyna Nowak, Barbara Gurba, Monika Bujak, Katarzyna Chowaniec-Rybka, Magdalena Sowier, Agnieszka Nowotarska, Bartosz Gruchlik, Adam Pytlewski, Katarzyna Mizia-Stec","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13092265","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13092265","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Background/Objectives&lt;/b&gt;: Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) has a well-established advantage over angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB) therapy in patients (pts) with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), but in pts after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction, the advantage of ARNI has not been clearly proven. The efficacy of ARNI is compared with that of ACEI/ARB therapy in patients with their first AMI in terms of improvement of post-infarction LV systolic function. &lt;b&gt;Methods&lt;/b&gt;: The study was conducted as a retrospective one-center cross-sectional analysis. Overall, 1473 pts (990 M, median age 71 [64; 77]) with AMI (their first AMI, complete coronary revascularization, no prior coronary revascularization or history of HF) hospitalized in 2022-2024 were enrolled in a retrospective cross-sectional analysis. The study population was categorized into pts receiving ARNI and ACEI/ARB. Then, based on the ARNI subgroup, matching that included age, sex, and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was performed by using the 1:1 nearest neighbor method without returning. Finally, two groups (ARNI vs. ACEI/ARB) of 30 pts were obtained and analyzed at baseline and at a 6-week follow-up. The improvement of post-infarction LV systolic function was obtained in terms of LVEF, ΔLVEF, and relative ΔLVEF values (ΔLVEF/baseline LVEF). &lt;b&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;: The comparison of baseline characteristics revealed borderline lower initial LVEF (30 vs. 36%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.076) and a higher frequency of SGLT-2 inhibitor use (70% vs. 36.7%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.01) in the ARNI subgroup. At the 6-week follow-up, in both subgroups, a significant improvement in the median LVEF values was achieved-from a median LVEF value of 30% (27.3; 38) to 37% (30; 43; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.0008) in the ARNI subgroup and from a median LVEF value of 36% (33; 39) to 45% (42; 52; &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.0001) in the ACEI/ARB subgroup. The median ΔLVEF in the ACEI/ARB subgroup was higher [10% (6; 12)] than in the ARNI subgroup [6% (2; 10.25), &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.018]. Similarly, the median relative ΔLVEF was higher in the ACEI/ARB subgroup [30% (15.4; 40)] than in the ARNI group [17.5% (7; 31.9), &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.047]. The vast majority of patients, particularly in the ARNI group (99.7%), were treated with the lowest available dose of the drug. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions&lt;/b&gt;: Our current experience in ARNI therapy after AMI is promising; however, it is limited to a small group of patients with severe impairment of LV systolic function. Regardless of the significant improvement in the baseline LVEF observed in patients receiving both ACEI/ARB and ARNI at the 6-week follow-up, the absolute and relative increases in the LVEF were higher in subjects treated with ACEI/ARB. However, the clinical benefits of ARNI therapy may emerge more gradually, and its advantages could become more apparent over a longer follow-up period. The clinical effic","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gut Microbiome-Mediated Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Colorectal Cancer: Population-Specific Insights.","authors":"Simona Turcu, Florin Grama, Maria Gazouli","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13092262","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13092262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a major global challenge, with growing attention to its pathogenesis as mediated by the gut microbiome and epigenetic regulation. Despite therapeutic progress, clinical management remains difficult. CRC accounts for ~10% of cancers and is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Romania bears a substantial burden, with many diagnoses at advanced stages. Etiology-Integrated Genetic, Environmental, and Microbial Determinants. Hereditary syndromes explain 10-15% of cases; most are sporadic, with hypermutated MSI/POLE (~15%), non-hypermutated chromosomal instability (~85%), and a CpG island methylator phenotype (~20%). GWAS implicate loci near SMAD7, TCF7L2, and CDH1; in Romania, SMAD7 rs4939827 associates with risk. Lifestyle exposures-high red/processed meat, low fiber, adiposity, alcohol, and smoking-shape susceptibility. Microbiome-Epigenome Interactions. Dysbiosis promotes carcinogenesis via genotoxins (e.g., colibactin), hydrogen sulfide, activation of NF-κB/STAT3, barrier disruption, and epigenetic remodeling of DNA methylation and microRNAs. <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i>, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and pks⁺ Escherichia coli exemplifies these links. Population-Specific Risk-Romania within Lifestyle-Microbiome Evidence. Incidence is rising, including early-onset disease. Romania lacks CRC-specific microbiome datasets. However, metabolic cohorts show loss of butyrate producers, enrichment of pathobionts, and SCFA imbalance-patterns that mirror European CRC cohorts-and exhibit regional heterogeneity. Beyond <i>Fusobacterium nucleatum</i>. Additional oncobacteria shape tumor biology. <i>Peptostreptococcus stomatis</i> activates integrin α6/β4→ERBB2-MAPK and can bypass targeted inhibitors, while <i>Parvimonas micra</i> enhances WNT/β-catenin programs and Th17-skewed immunity. Together, these data support a systems view in which microbial cues and host epigenetic control jointly drive CRC initiation, progression, metastasis, and treatment response.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467240/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery: A Single-Centre Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Paweł Nadziakiewicz, Marta Wajda-Pokrontka","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13092264","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13092264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic significantly impacted cardiac surgery, limiting patient access and altering care quality. This study evaluates changes in cardiovascular disease severity, types, and postoperative complications in patients qualifying for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) during the pandemic. <b>Methods:</b> We performed a retrospective analysis of 1499 CABG patients at our institution between March 2018 and February 2022. Patients were categorised into two groups: pre-pandemic (March 2018 to February 2020, N = 853) and pandemic (March 2020 to February 2022, N = 646). We analysed and detailed data across three major COVID-19 waves in Poland. <b>Results:</b> During the COVID-19 pandemic, 646 patients underwent CABG, a 24.3% decline from 853 pre-pandemic procedures. Urgent procedures increased from 37.6% to 44%, and life-saving procedures rose from 2.9% to 5.2% (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The use of cardiopulmonary bypass increased, along with longer procedure times (median of 279.7 min vs. 315 min; <i>p</i> < 0.001). The duration of mechanical ventilation increased during the pandemic period (median 12 h vs. 11 h; <i>p</i> < 0.05). No significant differences in postoperative complications were noted. Analysis during the three COVID-19 waves showed consistent baseline characteristics. In the second wave, life-saving CABG procedures reached 11.4%, with 17.5% of patients presenting acute coronary symptoms. <b>Conclusions:</b> The COVID-19 pandemic reduced CABG procedures, prioritising urgent cases. Short-term mortality odds rose, despite unchanged patient risk profiles. More multicentre research is needed to understand resource constraints on cardiac surgical outcomes and to establish guidelines for patient prioritisation in future pandemics.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467769/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic Profile of Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutant Type of Lower-Grade Glioma Reveals Molecular Changes for Prognosis.","authors":"Seong Beom Cho","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13092263","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13092263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background/Objectives:</b> Lower-grade glioma (LGG) is a type of brain tumor with a relatively better prognosis than glioblastoma. However, identifying therapeutic targets for LGGs remains elusive. To uncover the molecular features of LGGs, functional genomics data have been investigated. <b>Methods</b>: Using public transcriptomics data of LGGs (The Cancer Genome Atlas and GSE107850), differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially co-expressed (DCE) gene pairs between IDH mutation statuses were determined. Gene set enrichment analysis identified the molecular mechanisms of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation in LGGs. Furthermore, the identified DEGs and DCE gene pairs were used for drug repurposing analysis. <b>Results</b>: Two public datasets revealed an overlap of 1527 DEGs. Whereas only seven gene pairs showed significant differential co-expression in both datasets, 1016 genes were simultaneously involved in differential co-expression. Gene set enrichment revealed that biological processes related to neuronal tissue formation were significantly associated with the DEGs. Using drug repurposing analysis, it was found that NVP-TAE684 and bisindolylmaleimide were possible chemical compounds for the LGG treatment. <b>Conclusions:</b> Using transcriptomics data, molecular mechanisms associated with LGG prognosis were identified. This work provides clues for future research on LGG treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467759/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Link Between Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Single-Center Analysis.","authors":"Mara Andreea Vultur, Dragoș Huțanu, Edith Simona Ianoși, Hédi-Katalin Sárközi, Corina Eugenia Budin, Maria Beatrice Ianoși, Mioara Szathmáry, Gabriela Jimborean","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13092261","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13092261","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background</b>: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent and often underdiagnosed, linking to cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), dyslipidemia, and cognitive decline. Coexistence with T2DM worsens patient outcomes. Positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy has demonstrated benefits in improving metabolic parameters and reducing comorbidities. <b>Methods</b>: This study examined the association between OSA and T2DM, focusing on therapy adherence. Overall, 73 patients from the pulmonology department, with diagnosed OSA and T2DM or prediabetes (PD) were compared to 72 OSA patients without diabetes. All underwent cardio-respiratory polygraphy. Data on demographics, comorbidities, and adherence were collected to evaluate disease severity and compliance. <b>Results</b>: Only 24% of patients were referred from cardiology or internal medicine. The STOP-BANG questionnaire accurately identified 83.4% of cases. Of the study group, 65.75% had T2DM, 34.2% had PD, and 16.5% received new diagnoses. T2DM patients had the highest BMI (40.19 kg/m²). Smoking prevalence exceeded European averages. These patients experienced more severe OSA and multiple comorbidities. PAP adherence increased from 73% to 86% after full financial coverage. <b>Conclusions</b>: Polygraphy remains an effective diagnostic tool. Patients with T2DM tend to have more severe OSA and comorbidities, underscoring the importance of early screening and increased awareness to improve management and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467809/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145173133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential for Therapeutic Alteration of the Underlying Biology of Epilepsy.","authors":"Michael R Sperling, Jurriaan M Peters, Qian Wu, Michelle Guignet, H Steve White, Evelyn K Shih, Leock Y Ngo, Enrique Carrazana, Adrian L Rabinowicz","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13092258","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13092258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Approximately 30-35% of people with epilepsy experience seizures despite taking antiseizure medications. Recurrent seizures that are independent of status epilepticus can be associated with neuronal injury and structural changes to the brain, as well as diminished cognitive function, mood, and quality of life. A treatment that alters the underlying biology of epilepsy, thereby reducing the seizure burden and its attendant consequences, would be of great value in preventing these detrimental effects. In this review, we summarize preclinical and clinical research on pharmacological treatments that may favorably alter the underlying biology of epilepsy (i.e., disease modification or antiepileptogenesis). A reduction in seizures over time (e.g., increase in responder rates) or prevention of epilepsy in susceptible individuals has been observed with therapies that target neurotransmission (cenobamate, cannabidiol, vigabatrin, and diazepam nasal spray) and inflammation (everolimus), though evidence is limited and in preliminary stages. Pharmacological treatments that target neuroinflammation and oxidative stress have the potential to modify seizure phenotype and 1 or more comorbidities in preclinical studies (e.g., stress/anxiety and depression). Gene therapies and stem-cell-derived treatments also hold promise in reducing seizure burden in preclinical models, with several therapeutic candidates having advanced to phase 1/2 and 3 clinical trials. Effective disease-modifying strategies in epilepsy might include seizure control with novel antiseizure medications in combination with therapeutic targeting of key pathophysiological mechanisms. Standard criteria and a definition of disease modification should be established. Importantly, given the heterogeneity of the epilepsies, syndrome- or seizure-specific methods and trial design would likely be required.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467165/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comorbidity Profile of Chronic Mast Cell-Mediated Angioedema Versus Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria.","authors":"Eli Magen, Iris Leibovich, Israel Magen, Eugene Merzon, Ilan Green, Avivit Golan-Cohen, Shlomo Vinker, Ariel Israel","doi":"10.3390/biomedicines13092259","DOIUrl":"10.3390/biomedicines13092259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> Chronic mast cell-mediated angioedema (MC-AE) and chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) both involve mast cell activation but may differ in long-term systemic outcomes. Limited data exist comparing their comorbidity profiles over extended follow-up. <b>Objective:</b> To compare systemic comorbidities in patients with chronic MC-AE versus CSU using a large, population-based dataset. <b>Methods:</b> We conducted a retrospective matched case-control study using electronic health records from Leumit Health Services, a nationwide Israeli health maintenance organization. Patients diagnosed with chronic MC-AE between 2005 and 2023 (<i>n</i> = 2133) were matched 1:1 by age, sex, and year of diagnosis to patients with CSU (<i>n</i> = 2133). Comorbidities were assessed at diagnosis and after a mean follow-up of 10.2 ± 2.9 years. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between medications and MC-AE diagnosis. <b>Results:</b> MC-AE patients exhibited significantly higher baseline rates of hypertension (23.8% vs. 18.5%), ischemic heart disease (5.67% vs. 3.84%), and type 2 diabetes (10.45% vs. 6.42%) compared to CSU. These differences persisted or increased at follow-up, including myocardial infarction (4.13% vs. 2.25%) and chronic kidney disease (4.13% vs. 2.91%). CSU patients had consistently higher rates of atopic dermatitis, viral infections, and herpes zoster. Statin use was inversely associated with MC-AE (adjusted OR = 0.63; 95% CI: 0.44-0.90). <b>Conclusions:</b> Chronic MC-AE is associated with a distinct and sustained cardiometabolic and renal comorbidity burden compared to CSU, supporting its classification as a systemic disease phenotype requiring differentiated long-term care.</p>","PeriodicalId":8937,"journal":{"name":"Biomedicines","volume":"13 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12467316/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}