Bioarchitecture最新文献_第5页

Salient features of the ciliated organ of asymmetry. 不对称纤毛器官的显著特征。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-01-31 DOI: 10.4161/bioa.28014

Jeffrey D Amack

引用次数: 24

Dynamin-dependent maintenance of epithelial integrity is essential for zebrafish epiboly. 动力蛋白依赖性上皮完整性的维持对斑马鱼的表皮代谢至关重要。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-02-12 DOI: 10.4161/bioa.28178

Stephanie E Lepage, Ashley E E Bruce

{"title":"Dynamin-dependent maintenance of epithelial integrity is essential for zebrafish epiboly.","authors":"Stephanie E Lepage, Ashley E E Bruce","doi":"10.4161/bioa.28178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bioa.28178","url":null,"abstract":"Epiboly, the thinning and spreading of one tissue over another, is a widely employed morphogenetic movement that is essential for the development of many organisms. In the zebrafish embryo, epiboly describes the coordinated vegetal movement of the deep cells, enveloping layer (EVL) and yolk syncytial layer (YSL) to engulf the yolk cell. Recently, we showed that the large GTPase Dynamin plays a fundamental role in epiboly in the early zebrafish embryo. Because Dynamin plays a well-described role in vesicle scission during endocytosis, we predicted that Dynamin might regulate epiboly through participating in bulk removal of the yolk cell membrane ahead of the advancing margin, a proposed part of the epiboly motor. Unexpectedly, we found that Dynamin function was dispensable in the yolk cell and instead, it was required to maintain the epithelial integrity of the EVL during epiboly. Here, we present a model describing the maintenance of EVL integrity, which is required for the proper generation and transmission of tension during epiboly. Furthermore, we discuss the role of Dynamin-mediated regulation of ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) family proteins in the maintenance of epithelial integrity. ","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 1","pages":"31-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bioa.28178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32113882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Getting myosin-V on the right track: tropomyosin sorts transport in yeast. 让肌凝蛋白v走上正轨:原肌凝蛋白在酵母中进行转运。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-02-14 DOI: 10.4161/bioa.28204

Luther W Pollard, Matthew Lord

引用次数: 8

Nuclear architecture and gene silencing in olfactory sensory neurons. 嗅觉感觉神经元的核结构与基因沉默。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.4161/19490992.2014.982934

Lucia M Armelin-Correa, Maíra H Nagai, Artur G Leme Silva, Bettina Malnic

引用次数: 8

Microtubules CLASP to Adherens Junctions in epidermal progenitor cells. 表皮祖细胞中微管与粘附细胞的连接。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-02-12 DOI: 10.4161/bioa.28177

Marta N Shahbazi, Mirna Perez-Moreno

{"title":"Microtubules CLASP to Adherens Junctions in epidermal progenitor cells.","authors":"Marta N Shahbazi, Mirna Perez-Moreno","doi":"10.4161/bioa.28177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bioa.28177","url":null,"abstract":"Cadherin-mediated cell adhesion at Adherens Junctions (AJs) and its dynamic connections with the microtubule (MT) cytoskeleton are important regulators of cellular architecture. However, the functional relevance of these interactions and the molecular players involved in different cellular contexts and cellular compartments are still not completely understood. Here, we comment on our recent findings showing that the MT plus-end binding protein CLASP2 interacts with the AJ component p120-catenin (p120) specifically in progenitor epidermal cells. Absence of either protein leads to alterations in MT dynamics and AJ functionality. These findings represent a novel mechanism of MT targeting to AJs that may be relevant for the maintenance of proper epidermal progenitor cell homeostasis. We also discuss the potential implication of other MT binding proteins previously associated to AJs in the wider context of epithelial tissues. We hypothesize the existence of adaptation mechanisms that regulate the formation and stability of AJs in different cellular contexts to allow the dynamic behavior of these complexes during tissue homeostasis and remodeling. ","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 1","pages":"25-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bioa.28177","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32113877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Therapies for sarcopenia and regeneration of old skeletal muscles: more a case of old tissue architecture than old stem cells. 骨骼肌减少症和老骨骼肌再生的治疗:更多的是老组织结构而不是老干细胞。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-07-28 DOI: 10.4161/bioa.29668

Miranda D Grounds

{"title":"Therapies for sarcopenia and regeneration of old skeletal muscles: more a case of old tissue architecture than old stem cells.","authors":"Miranda D Grounds","doi":"10.4161/bioa.29668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bioa.29668","url":null,"abstract":"Age related loss of skeletal muscle mass and function (sarcopenia) reduces independence and the quality of life for individuals, and leads to falls and fractures with escalating health costs for the rapidly aging human population. Thus there is much interest in developing interventions to reduce sarcopenia. One area that has attracted recent attention is the proposed use of myogenic stem cells to improve regeneration of old muscles. This mini-review challenges the fundamental need for myogenic stem cell therapy for sarcopenia. It presents evidence that demonstrates the excellent capacity of myogenic stem cells from very old rodent and human muscles to form new muscles after experimental myofiber necrosis. The many factors required for successful muscle regeneration are considered with a strong focus on integration of components of old muscle bioarchitecture. The fundamental role of satellite cells in homeostasis of normal aging muscles and the incidence of endogenous regeneration in old muscles is questioned. These issues, combined with problems for clinical myogenic stem cell therapies for severe muscle diseases, raise fundamental concerns about the justification for myogenic stem cell therapy for sarcopenia. ","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 3","pages":"81-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bioa.29668","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32566301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Organized chaos in Kupffer's vesicle: how a heterogeneous structure achieves consistent left-right patterning. 库普弗囊泡中的有序混沌:异质结构如何实现前后一致的左右模式。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.4161/19490992.2014.956593

D J Smith, T D Montenegro-Johnson, S S Lopes

{"title":"Organized chaos in Kupffer's vesicle: how a heterogeneous structure achieves consistent left-right patterning.","authors":"D J Smith, T D Montenegro-Johnson, S S Lopes","doi":"10.4161/19490992.2014.956593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/19490992.2014.956593","url":null,"abstract":"Successful establishment of left-right asymmetry is crucial to healthy vertebrate development. In many species this process is initiated in a ciliated, enclosed cavity, for example Kupffer's vesicle (KV) in zebrafish. The microarchitecture of KV is more complex than that present in the left-right organizer of many other species. While swirling flow in KV is recognized as essential for left-right patterning, its generation, nature and conversion to asymmetric gene expression are only beginning to be fully understood. We recently [Sampaio, P et al. Dev Cell 29:716-728] combined imaging, genetics and fluid dynamics simulation to characterize normal and perturbed ciliary activity, and their correlation to asymmetric charon expression and embryonic organ fate. Randomness in cilia number and length have major implications for robust flow generation; even a modest change in mean cilia length has a major effect on flow speed to due to nonlinear scaling arising from fluid mechanics. Wildtype, and mutant embryos with normal liver laterality, exhibit stronger flow on the left prior to asymmetric inhibition of charon. Our discovery of immotile cilia, taken with data on morphant embryos with very few cilia, further support the role of mechanosensing in initiating and/or enhancing flow conversion into gene expression.","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 3","pages":"119-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/19490992.2014.956593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32864003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 29

Tropomodulin3 as the link between insulin-activated AKT2 and cortical actin remodeling in preparation of GLUT4 exocytosis. Tropomodulin3作为胰岛素激活的AKT2和皮质肌动蛋白重塑在GLUT4胞吐准备中的联系。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/19490992.2015.1031949

Chun-Yan Lim, Weiping Han

{"title":"Tropomodulin3 as the link between insulin-activated AKT2 and cortical actin remodeling in preparation of GLUT4 exocytosis.","authors":"Chun-Yan Lim, Weiping Han","doi":"10.1080/19490992.2015.1031949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490992.2015.1031949","url":null,"abstract":"It is well established that insulin-induced remodeling of actin filaments into a cortical mesh is required for insulin-stimulated GLUT4 exocytosis. Akt2 and its downstream effectors play a pivotal role in mediating the translocation and membrane fusion of GLUT4-storage vesicle (GSV). However, the direct downstream effector underlying the event of cortical actin reorganization has not been elucidated. In a recent study in Nature Communications, (1) Lim et al identify Tropomodulin3 (Tmod3) as a downstream target of the Akt2 kinase and describe the role of this pointed-end actin-capping protein in regulating insulin-dependent exocytosis of GSVs in adipocytes through the remodeling of the cortical actin network. Phosphorylation of Tmod3 by Akt2 on Ser71 modulates insulin-induced actin remodeling, a key step for GSV fusion with the plasma membrane (PM). Furthermore, the authors establish Tm5NM1 (Tpm3.1 in new nomenclature) (2) as the cognate tropomyosin partner of Tmod3, and an essential role of Tmod3-Tm5NM1 interaction for GSV exocytosis and glucose uptake. This study elucidates a novel effector of Akt2 that provides a direct mechanistic link between Akt2 signaling and actin reorganization essential for vesicle fusion, and suggests that a subset of actin filaments with specific molecular compositions may be dedicated for the process of vesicle fusion. ","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 6","pages":"210-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19490992.2015.1031949","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33929120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Beyond apoptosis: the mechanism and function of phosphatidylserine asymmetry in the membrane of activating mast cells. 超越凋亡:肥大细胞活化膜中磷脂酰丝氨酸不对称的机制和功能。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/19490992.2014.995516

Noel M Rysavy, Lori M N Shimoda, Alyssa M Dixon, Mark Speck, Alexander J Stokes, Helen Turner, Eric Y Umemoto

引用次数: 47

Synthetic polyamines: new compounds specific to actin dynamics for mammalian cell and fission yeast. 合成多胺:哺乳动物细胞和裂变酵母肌动蛋白动力学的新化合物。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-02-09 DOI: 10.4161/19490992.2014.965111

Daniel Riveline, Raghavan Thiagarajan, Jean-Marie Lehn, Marie-France Carlier

{"title":"Synthetic polyamines: new compounds specific to actin dynamics for mammalian cell and fission yeast.","authors":"Daniel Riveline, Raghavan Thiagarajan, Jean-Marie Lehn, Marie-France Carlier","doi":"10.4161/19490992.2014.965111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/19490992.2014.965111","url":null,"abstract":"Actin is a major actor in the determination of cell shape. On the one hand, site-directed assembly/disassembly cycles of actin filaments drive protrusive force leading to lamellipodia and filopodia dynamics. Force produced by actin similarly contributes in membrane scission in endocytosis or Golgi remodeling. On the other hand, cellular processes like adhesion, immune synapse, cortex dynamics or cytokinesis are achieved by combining acto-myosin contractility and actin assembly in a complex and not fully understood manner. New chemical compounds are therefore needed to disentangle acto-myosin and actin dynamics. We have found that synthetic, cell permeant, short polyamines are promising new actin regulators in this context. They generate growth and stabilization of lamellipodia within minutes by slowing down the actin assembly/disassembly cycle and facilitating nucleation. We now report that these polyamines also slow down cytokinetic ring closure in fission yeast. This shows that these synthetic compounds are active also in yeasts, and these experiments specifically highlight that actin depolymerization is involved in the ring closure. Thus, synthetic polyamines appear to be potentially powerful agents in a quantitative approach to the role of actin in complex processes in cell biology, developmental biology and potentially cancer research. ","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 4-5","pages":"144-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/19490992.2014.965111","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33041281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4