Bioarchitecture最新文献_第4页

Competition and collaboration between different actin assembly pathways allows for homeostatic control of the actin cytoskeleton. 不同肌动蛋白组装途径之间的竞争和协作允许肌动蛋白细胞骨架的稳态控制。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/19490992.2015.1090670

Jeremy D Rotty, James E Bear

引用次数: 35

Gene expression homeostasis and chromosome architecture. 基因表达、稳态与染色体结构。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-21 DOI: 10.1080/19490992.2015.1040213

Aswin Sai Narain Seshasayee

{"title":"Gene expression homeostasis and chromosome architecture.","authors":"Aswin Sai Narain Seshasayee","doi":"10.1080/19490992.2015.1040213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490992.2015.1040213","url":null,"abstract":"In rapidly growing populations of bacterial cells, including those of the model organism Escherichia coli, genes essential for growth--such as those involved in protein synthesis--are expressed at high levels; this is in contrast to many horizontally-acquired genes, which are maintained at low transcriptional levels. (1) This balance in gene expression states between 2 distinct classes of genes is established by a galaxy of transcriptional regulators, including the so-called nucleoid associated proteins (NAP) that contribute to shaping the chromosome. (2) Besides these active players in gene regulation, it is not too far-fetched to anticipate that genome organization in terms of how genes are arranged on the chromosome, (3) which is the result of long-drawn transactions among genome rearrangement processes and selection, and the manner in which it is structured inside the cell, plays a role in establishing this balance. A recent study from our group has contributed to the literature investigating the interplay between global transcriptional regulators and genome organization in establishing gene expression homeostasis. (4) In particular, we address a triangle of functional interactions among genome organization, gene expression homeostasis and horizontal gene transfer.","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 6","pages":"221-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19490992.2015.1040213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33324807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Regulation of EB1/3 proteins by classical MAPs in neurons. 经典map对神经元中EB1/3蛋白的调控。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-01-10 DOI: 10.4161/bioa.27774

C L Sayas, Jesús Avila

引用次数: 13

Comparative analysis of tools for live cell imaging of actin network architecture. 肌动蛋白网络结构活细胞成像工具的比较分析。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-08-28 DOI: 10.1080/19490992.2014.1047714

Brittany J Belin, Lauren M Goins, R Dyche Mullins

{"title":"Comparative analysis of tools for live cell imaging of actin network architecture.","authors":"Brittany J Belin, Lauren M Goins, R Dyche Mullins","doi":"10.1080/19490992.2014.1047714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490992.2014.1047714","url":null,"abstract":"Fluorescent derivatives of actin and actin-binding domains are powerful tools for studying actin filament architecture and dynamics in live cells. Growing evidence, however, indicates that these probes are biased, and their cellular distribution does not accurately reflect that of the cytoskeleton. To understand the strengths and weaknesses of commonly used live-cell probes--fluorescent protein fusions of actin, Lifeact, F-tractin, and actin-binding domains from utrophin--we compared their distributions in cells derived from various model organisms. We focused on five actin networks: the peripheral cortex, lamellipodial and lamellar networks, filopodial bundles, and stress fibers. Using phalloidin as a standard, we identified consistent biases in the distribution of each probe. The localization of F-tractin is the most similar to that of phalloidin but induces organism-specific changes in cell morphology. Both Lifeact and GFP-actin concentrate in lamellipodial actin networks but are excluded from lamellar networks and filopodia. In contrast, the full utrophin actin-binding domain (Utr261) binds filaments of the lamellum but only weakly localizes to lamellipodia, while a shorter variant (Utr230) is restricted to the most stable subpopulations of actin filaments: cortical networks and stress fibers. In some cells, Utr230 also detects Golgi-associated filaments, previously detected by immunofluorescence but not visible by phalloidin staining. Consistent with its localization, Utr230 exhibits slow rates of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) compared to F-tractin, Utr261 and Lifeact, suggesting that it may be more useful for FRAP- and photo-activation-based studies of actin network dynamics.","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 6","pages":"189-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19490992.2014.1047714","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34026832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 125

Protein Kinase D family kinases: roads start to segregate. 蛋白激酶D家族激酶:道路开始分离。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-05-21 DOI: 10.4161/bioa.29273

Christoph Wille, Thomas Seufferlein, Tim Eiseler

{"title":"Protein Kinase D family kinases: roads start to segregate.","authors":"Christoph Wille, Thomas Seufferlein, Tim Eiseler","doi":"10.4161/bioa.29273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bioa.29273","url":null,"abstract":"Highly invasive pancreatic tumors are often recognized in late stages due to a lack of clear symptoms and pose major challenges for treatment and disease management. Broad-band Protein Kinase D (PKD) inhibitors have recently been proposed as additional treatment option for this disease. PKDs are implicated in the control of cancer cell motility, angiogenesis, proliferation and metastasis. In particular, PKD2 expression is elevated in pancreatic cancer, whereas PKD1 expression is comparably lower. In our recent study we report that both kinases control PDAC cell invasive properties in an isoform-specific, but opposing manner. PKD1 selectively mediates anti-migratory/anti-invasive features by preferential regulation of the actin-regulatory Cofilin-phosphatase Slingshot1L (SSH1L). PKD2, on the other hand enhances invasion and angiogenesis of PDAC cells in 3D-ECM cultures and chorioallantois tumor models by stimulating expression and secretion of matrix-metalloproteinase 7 and 9 (MMP7/9). MMP9 also enhances PKD2-mediated tumor angiogenesis releasing extracellular matrix-bound VEGF-A. We thus suggest high PKD2 expression and loss of PKD1 may be beneficial for tumor cells to enhance their matrix-invading abilities. In our recent study we demonstrate for the first time PKD1 and 2 isoform-selective effects on pancreatic cancer cell invasion, in-vitro and in-vivo, defining isoform-specific regulation of PKDs as a major future issue. ","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 3","pages":"111-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bioa.29273","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32359095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

A role for novel lipid interactions in the dynamic recruitment of SNX27 to the T-cell immune synapse. 新的脂质相互作用在SNX27向t细胞免疫突触的动态募集中的作用。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-21 DOI: 10.1080/19490992.2015.1031950

María Tello-Lafoz, Rajesh Ghai, Brett Collins, Isabel Mérida

{"title":"A role for novel lipid interactions in the dynamic recruitment of SNX27 to the T-cell immune synapse.","authors":"María Tello-Lafoz, Rajesh Ghai, Brett Collins, Isabel Mérida","doi":"10.1080/19490992.2015.1031950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490992.2015.1031950","url":null,"abstract":"SNX27 is a member of the sorting nexin family that plays an important role in the recycling of receptors from endosomes to the cell surface. In addition to a PX (Phox homology) domain that regulates its endosomal localization, SNX27 has a unique PDZ (Psd-95/Dlg/ZO1) domain and an atypical FERM (4.1, ezrin, radixin, moesin) domain that both function to bind short peptide sequence motifs in the cytoplasmic domains of the cargo receptors. Using the T cell immune synapse (IS) as a model for polarized protein recycling, we recently identified an additional mechanism that enhances SNX27 localization to the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC). Our study defined a phosphoinositide (PI) lipid-binding site within the SNX27 FERM domain, with a clear preference for bi- and triphosphorylated PIs, which may promote SNX27 localization to phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) and/or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3-enriched membrane domains. Using fluorescently tagged lipid-binding probes, we studied the kinetics of distinct PIs in living T cells during IS formation. Our results suggest that PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 accumulates at the contact site simultaneously with early SNX27 recruitment to the plasma membrane (PM), and this is partly controlled by by lipid binding through the FERM domain. These studies define 2 independent binding sites for PtdIns-derived lipids in SNX27, that contribute to the dynamic recruitment of SNX27 to distinct membranes during T cell activation. ","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 6","pages":"215-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19490992.2015.1031950","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33202940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Imperfect asymmetry: The mechanism governing asymmetric partitioning of damaged cellular components during mitosis. 不完全不对称:有丝分裂过程中受损细胞成分的不对称分配机制。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2015-05-05 DOI: 10.1080/19490992.2015.1014213

Sundararaghavan Pattabiraman, Daniel Kaganovich

{"title":"Imperfect asymmetry: The mechanism governing asymmetric partitioning of damaged cellular components during mitosis.","authors":"Sundararaghavan Pattabiraman, Daniel Kaganovich","doi":"10.1080/19490992.2015.1014213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19490992.2015.1014213","url":null,"abstract":"Aging is universally associated with organism-wide dysfunction and a decline in cellular fitness. From early development onwards, the efficiency of self-repair, energy production, and homeostasis all decrease. Due to the multiplicity of systems that undergo agingrelated decline, the mechanistic basis of organismal aging has been difficult to pinpoint. At the cellular level, however, recent work has provided important insight. Cellular aging is associated with the accumulation of several types of damage, in particular damage to the proteome and organelles. Groundbreaking studies have shown that replicative aging is the result of a rejuvenation mechanism that prevents the inheritance of damaged components during division, thereby confining the effects of aging to specific cells, while removing damage from others. Asymmetric inheritance of misfolded and aggregated proteins, as well as reduced mitochondria, has been shown in yeast. Until recently, however, it was not clear whether a similar mechanism operates in mammalian cells, which were thought to mostly divide symmetrically. Our group has recently shown that vimentin establishes mitotic polarity in immortalized mammalian cells, and mediates asymmetric partitioning of multiple factors through direct interaction. These findings prompt a provocative hypothesis: that intermediate filaments serve as asymmetric partitioning modules or \"sponges\" that, when expressed prior to mitosis, can \"clean\" emerging cells of the damage they have accumulated. ","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 6","pages":"203-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/19490992.2015.1014213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33276528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

A moving ParA gradient on the nucleoid directs subcellular cargo transport via a chemophoresis force. 类核上移动的准梯度通过化学电泳力指导亚细胞货物运输。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 DOI: 10.4161/19490992.2014.987581

Anthony G Vecchiarelli, Yeonee Seol, Keir C Neuman, Kiyoshi Mizuuchi

{"title":"A moving ParA gradient on the nucleoid directs subcellular cargo transport via a chemophoresis force.","authors":"Anthony G Vecchiarelli, Yeonee Seol, Keir C Neuman, Kiyoshi Mizuuchi","doi":"10.4161/19490992.2014.987581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/19490992.2014.987581","url":null,"abstract":"DNA segregation is a critical process for all life, and although there is a relatively good understanding of eukaryotic mitosis, the mechanism in bacteria remains unclear. The small size of a bacterial cell and the number of factors involved in its subcellular organization make it difficult to study individual systems under controlled conditions in vivo. We developed a cell-free technique to reconstitute and visualize bacterial ParA-mediated segregation systems. Our studies provide direct evidence for a mode of transport that does not use a classical cytoskeletal filament or motor protein. Instead, we demonstrate that ParA-type DNA segregation systems can establish a propagating ParA ATPase gradient on the nucleoid surface, which generates the force required for the directed movement of spatially confined cargoes, such as plasmids or large organelles, and distributes multiple cargos equidistant to each other inside cells. Here we present the critical principles of our diffusion-ratchet model of ParA-mediated transport and expand on the mathematically derived chemophoresis force using experimentally-determined biochemical and cellular parameters. ","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 4-5","pages":"154-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/19490992.2014.987581","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33001787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Cadherin juxtamembrane region derived peptides inhibit TGFβ1 induced gene expression. 钙粘蛋白近膜区衍生肽抑制tgf - β1诱导的基因表达。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-08-09 DOI: 10.4161/bioa.32143

Ilias Stavropoulos, Kalyan Golla, Niamh Moran, Finian Martin, Denis C Shields

引用次数: 4

Tribolium embryo morphogenesis: may the force be with you. 摩擦胚形态发生:愿力与你同在。

Bioarchitecture Pub Date : 2014-01-01 Epub Date: 2014-01-14 DOI: 10.4161/bioa.27815

Matthew A Benton, Anastasios Pavlopoulos

{"title":"Tribolium embryo morphogenesis: may the force be with you.","authors":"Matthew A Benton, Anastasios Pavlopoulos","doi":"10.4161/bioa.27815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4161/bioa.27815","url":null,"abstract":"Development of multicellular organisms depends on patterning and growth mechanisms encoded in the genome, but also on the physical properties and mechanical interactions of the constituent cells that interpret these genetic cues. This fundamental biological problem requires integrated studies at multiple levels of biological organization: from genes, to cell behaviors, to tissue morphogenesis. We have recently combined functional genetics with live imaging approaches in embryos of the insect Tribolium castaneum, in order to understand their remarkable transformation from a uniform single-layered blastoderm into a condensed multi-layered embryo covered by extensive extra-embryonic tissues. We first developed a quick and reliable methodology to fluorescently label various cell components in entire Tribolium embryos. Live imaging of labeled embryos at single cell resolution provided detailed descriptions of cell behaviors and tissue movements during normal embryogenesis. We then compared cell and tissue dynamics between wild-type and genetically perturbed embryos that exhibited altered relative proportions of constituent tissues. This systematic comparison led to a qualitative model of the molecular, cellular and tissue interactions that orchestrate the observed epithelial rearrangements. We expect this work to establish the Tribolium embryo as a powerful and attractive model system for biologists and biophysicists interested in the molecular, cellular and mechanical control of tissue morphogenesis. ","PeriodicalId":89329,"journal":{"name":"Bioarchitecture","volume":"4 1","pages":"16-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4161/bioa.27815","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32053620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9