BioMedical Engineering OnLine最新文献

{"title":"Pulse wave-driven machine learning for the non-invasive assessment of coronary artery calcification in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis.","authors":"Yanxin Wang, Lin Yang, Ziwei Li, Xinyu Zhang, Hongyang Zhao, Man Ji, Dongmei Hao, Jie Yang, Chong Wang, Ying Li, Guangfei Li","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01436-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-025-01436-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Coronary artery calcification (CAC) represents a major cardiovascular risk in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis. Given that radial artery pulse waveforms can reflect vascular status, this study aimed to evaluate their utility in the non-invasive assessment of CAC severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>58 patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis were enrolled. CAC severity was assessed using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) and classified into four groups based on Agatston scores: no calcification (0), mild (1-100), moderate (101-400), and severe (> 400). Radial artery pulse waveforms were recorded before, hourly during, and after hemodialysis. Key features were extracted based on morphological differences among groups. Statistical inter-group comparisons and intra-group trend analyses were performed. A gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) model was trained to classify CAC severity using waveform features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clear morphological differences were observed among the four CAC groups. The non-calcified group showed a distinct main wave followed by identifiable tidal waves. With increasing CAC severity, the tidal waves became progressively attenuated and less distinguishable, resulting in a smoother overall waveform, particularly in the severe calcification group. Pulse waveform features exhibited significant variation across CAC groups and over the hemodialysis process, including parameters related to waveform morphology, descending limb, complexity and distribution, mean value, and full-process stereoscopic pulse wave features. The GBDT model demonstrated robust and consistent performance, with an average accuracy of 84.1% and a macro-AUC of 0.962 in fivefold cross-validation, and comparable results (83.9% accuracy, 0.961 macro-AUC) on the independent test set. Notably, the model performed particularly well in identifying Severe Calcification cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Radial artery pulse wave analysis may serve as a non-invasive adjunct for assessing CAC severity in patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12395768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the diagnostic power of lncRNAs in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Wen Chen, Xinliang Liu, Zhenheng Wu, Haifen Tan, Fuqian Yu, Dongmei Wang, Xiaodan Lin, Zhigang Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01431-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-025-01431-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a highly aggressive and extensive malignancy. Although long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are often used as diagnostic biomarkers, their diagnostic effectiveness in CRC remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From January 1, 2015, to April 1, 2024, we conducted a comprehensive search of Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science (WoS). The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and Fagan plot analysis were used to assess the overall test performance of lncRNAs. Moreover, we evaluated the publication bias using the Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-eight publications were identified and incorporated into this meta-analysis. The aggregated diagnostic data were as follows: The pooled sensitivity was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.75-0.83). The pooled specificity was 0.81 (95% CI, 0.78-0.84). The PLR was 3.68 (95% CI, 3.18-4.26). The NLR was 0.28 (95% CI, 0.24-0.33). The DOR was 15.01 (95% CI, 11.85-19.00). The AUC was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.84-0.90). Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test indicated no significant evidence of publication bias (p > 0.05). The Fagan plot analysis showed that the post-test probability was 81% for positive results and 20% for negative results. Univariate meta-regression identified multiple sources of heterogeneity in the data, including year, sample size and specimen.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, our findings demonstrate that lncRNAs have a promising diagnostic accuracy for CRC, underscoring their potential as effective non-invasive biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12379428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microdamage in biological hard tissues and its repair mechanisms.","authors":"Xiaojun Cao, Shengzhao Xiao, Canao Shen, Yubo Fan","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01423-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12938-025-01423-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microdamage often occurs in biological hard tissues which mainly include bone tissue and tooth hard tissue, and it primarily comprises diffuse damage and microcracks. The unique microscopic structures of biological hard tissues directly influence the initiation and progression of microcracks. Mechanical forces, loading methods, macroscopic tissue characteristics, aging-related changes, diseases, and medication factors contribute to the complexity of analysis in studying microdamage of biological hard tissues. A large number of literatures have verified the detection and research methods of microcracks. The mechanisms underlying the absorption and repair of biological hard tissues caused by microdamage are still not completely clear. This article reviews the occurrence and development of various types of microdamage in biological hard tissues from microscopic to macroscopic scales, summarizes research approaches of microdamage, elucidates the mechanisms involved in absorption and repair of microdamage, analyzes existing gaps and controversies in current research findings, and proposes potential directions for future research. The study on microdamage of biological hard tissues is crucial for developing biomimetic materials. Such studies facilitate the prediction, control, prevention, and even restoration of microdamage in these materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12376397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144941006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hemodynamic characterization of spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection revealed by patient-specific computational fluid dynamics.","authors":"Runze Wei, Zhaolei Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01434-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01434-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Spontaneous isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (SISMAD) is a rare but potentially lethal vascular emergency with unclear pathogenesis. While hemodynamic forces are implicated in its development, current understanding remains limited by the lack of patient-specific data. This study aimed to characterize the detailed hemodynamic environment in SISMAD using patient-specific computational fluid dynamics modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Analysis of a three-dimensional model reconstructed from computed tomography angiography of a Yun Type I SISMAD revealed complex flow patterns with marked hemodynamic differences between the true lumen (TL) and false lumen (FL). The TL exhibited high-velocity flow concentrated near the entry tear and significantly elevated wall shear stress (WSS) and time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) along the intimal flap. In contrast, the FL demonstrated markedly lower velocities, regions of flow stasis, and low WSS. A substantial pressure gradient existed across the intimal flap, with higher pressure in the TL compared to the FL. The FL also showed significantly higher oscillatory shear index (OSI) values, often exceeding 0.4 with a peak of 0.45. These findings provide quantitative confirmation of the theorized hemodynamic forces contributing to dissection progression and potential thrombosis formation, particularly the pro-thrombotic environment within the FL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patient-specific computational modeling reveals a complex and heterogeneous hemodynamic environment within the dissected superior mesenteric artery. The high-velocity flow, elevated WSS, and TAWSS in the TL may contribute to flap instability and inflammation, while the low-flow, stagnant conditions, low WSS, and high OSI in the FL likely promote thrombogenesis. This patient-specific approach provides valuable mechanistic insights into SISMAD pathophysiology and demonstrates potential for personalized risk assessment and data-driven treatment planning in this rare but serious vascular condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12355863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alertness assessment by optical stimulation-induced brainwave entrainment through machine learning classification.","authors":"Yong Zhou, Yizhou Tan, Shasha Wang, Hanshu Cai, Ying Gu","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01422-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01422-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alertness plays a crucial role in the completion of important tasks. However, application of existing methods for evaluating alertness is limited due to issues such as high subjectivity, practice effect, susceptibility to interference, and complexity in data collection. Currently, there is an urgent need for a rapid, quantifiable, and easily implementable alertness assessment method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twelve optical stimulation frequencies ranged from 4 to 48 Hz were chosen to induce brainwave entrainment (BWE) for 30 s, respectively, in 40 subjects. Electroencephalogram (EEG) were recorded at the prefrontal pole electrodes Fpz, Fp1, and Fp2. Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, psychomotor vigilance test and β band power in resting EEG, were used to evaluate the alertness level before and after optical stimulation-induced BWE. The correlation between nine EEG features during the BWE and different alertness states were analyzed. Next, machine learning models including support vector machine, Naive Bayes and logistic regression were employed to conduct integrated analysis on the EEG features with significant differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that BWE intensity, β band power, and γ band power exhibit significant differences across different states of alertness. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of individual features for classifying alertness states was between 0.62-0.83. To further improve classification efficacy, these three features were used as input parameters in machine learning models. We found that Naive Bayes model showed the best classification efficacy in 30 Hz optical stimulation, with AUC reaching 0.90, an average accuracy of 0.90, an average sensitivity of 0.89, and an average specificity of 0.90. Meanwhile, we observed that the subjects' alertness levels did not change significantly before and after optical stimulation-induced BWE.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study demonstrated that the use of machine learning to integrate EEG features during 30 s optical stimulation-induced BWE showed promising classification capabilities for alertness states. It provided a rapid, quantifiable, and easily implementable alertness assessment option.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344890/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of machine learning applications in heart health.","authors":"Ava Perrone, Taghi M Khoshgoftaar","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01430-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01430-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of machine learning in healthcare continues to gain attention as researchers attempt to prove its potential for the enhancement of diagnosis and prognosis accuracy. Although many applications of machine learning have been well studied, there remain substantial opportunities for advancement. The field of healthcare holds particularly strong potential for improvement from integration with machine learning. In the future, clinicians will likely utilize machine learning to enhance the efficiency of diagnosis and prognosis, optimizing the delivery of care. This study conducts a comprehensive examination of feature selection methodologies, model architectures, and fine-tuning techniques related to diverse diagnostic and prognostic scenarios within the domain of heart health. It addresses some key gaps in earlier research, including the lack of agreement on which data sources are most effective for classifying stroke and heart attack. This review contributes an analysis of current machine learning methods in stroke and heart attack research, highlighting key gaps such as limited use of multimodal data, external validation, and class imbalance mitigation. It suggests improvements, including the adoption of advanced sampling techniques and the use of comprehensive performance metrics. The findings suggest that despite extensive research on machine learning in cardiovascular health, there are gaps to be addressed in methodologies for data collection, preprocessing, model development, evaluation, and feature engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12337504/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144820480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance assessment of a ventilator developed for emergency use in a resource-constrained ICU setting during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Sergio Sánchez-Gambetta, Giuliana Arrunategui-Salas, Juan L Barrios-Morocho, Ricardo A Hora, Sandra Pérez-Buitrago, Benjamin Castañeda, Albert H Kwon, Christoph G S Nabzdyk, Fanny L Casado","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01432-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01432-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Masi mechanical ventilator was developed in Peru, designed and manufactured as a rapid-response to the healthcare emergency. Its promising pre-clinical and clinical results allowed it to be approved by the national regulatory authority to be used during the emergency. The key features of Masi are its low manufacturing cost, low dependence on a supply of high volumes of oxygen, low oxygen consumption, and flexibility between non-invasive and invasive ventilation. While Masi lacks some of the advanced features found in commercial ICU ventilators, it was specifically designed for short-term use in resource-limited and high-demand situations as an alternative when conventional devices were unavailable. This study evaluates the survival rate in intubated COVID-19 patients ventilated with Masi as compared to other conventional ventilators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted in the ICU of a reference hospital in Lima, Peru, between January and August 2021. Medical records were reviewed for 77 adult patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 who required invasive mechanical ventilation. Among them, 42 patients were ventilated with Masi and 35 with commercially available ventilators. Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, respiratory parameters, and survival outcomes were collected and analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The survival rate and the relevant parameters observed in patients supported with Masi and commercial ventilators were comparable, despite the device limitations and the resource-constrained conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Masi ventilator was functional and provided essential ventilatory support during the healthcare emergency.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"97"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144811678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) on survival benefits and poor prognostic factors in patients with cervical cancer.","authors":"Meili Li, Xiuhong Wu, Xiang Liu, Meiru Wen","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01433-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01433-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to explore the influencing factors of survival benefit and poor prognosis of cervical cancer patients under different radiotherapy modalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 186 patients with cervical cancer treated in our hospital from January 2022 to December 2023 were selected for the retrospective analysis. 126 patients received static intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) combined with cisplatin. Another 60 cases received volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) combined with cisplatin. The occurrence of adverse reactions, overall survival rate, and recurrence rate were compared between the two groups. COX regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the poor prognosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was no difference between the disease control rate (DCR) and objective remission rate (ORR), and the overall survival and recurrence rates in the two groups. The incidence of myelosuppression was much higher in the IMRT group than the VMAT group. Compared with the survival group, the percentage of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and positive margins were significantly increased in the patients in the death group. COX multifactorial analysis confirmed that LNM and positive cutting margins were independent risk factors affecting poor prognosis after radiotherapy in cervical cancer patients (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both IMRT and VMAT could achieve certain effects in the treatment of cervical cancer and had similar effects in short-term survival recurrence. However, VMAT had a lower incidence of myelosuppression. LNM and positive margins were factors influencing the poor prognosis of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12323269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144783412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative outcome analysis of chronic rhinosinusitis using transfer learning with pre-trained foundation models based on endoscopic images: a multicenter, observational study.","authors":"Wentao Gong, Keguang Chen, Xiao Chen, Xueli Liu, Zhen Li, Li Wang, Yuxuan Shi, Quan Liu, Xicai Sun, Xinsheng Huang, Xu Luo, Hongmeng Yu","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01428-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01428-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study developed a foundation model-based analytical framework for the analysis of postoperative endoscopic images in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The framework leverages the standardized identification and reproducible results enabled by artificial intelligence algorithms, combined with the strengths of pre-trained foundation models in developing downstream applications. This approach effectively addresses the inherent challenge of strong subjectivity in conventional postoperative endoscopic evaluation for CRS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The postoperative sinus cavity status in CRS was classified into three states: \"polyp\", \"edema\", and \"smooth\", to establish an endoscopic image dataset. Using transfer learning based on pre-trained large models for endoscopic images, we developed an analytical model for postoperative outcome evaluation in CRS. Comparative studies with various traditional training methods were conducted to evaluate this approach, demonstrating that it can achieve satisfactory model performance even with limited datasets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The endoscopic image-based pre-trained transfer learning model proposed in this study demonstrates significant advantages over conventional methods in diagnostic performance. In the precision evaluation for distinguishing smooth mucosa from rest conditions (edema and polyps), our model achieved mean accuracy and AUC values of 91.17% and 0.97, respectively, with specificity reaching 86.35% and sensitivity attaining 91.85%. This represents an approximate 4% improvement in mean accuracy compared to traditional algorithms. Notably, in the differential diagnosis between polyps and rest conditions (smooth mucosa and edema), the proposed algorithm attained mean accuracy and AUC values of 81.87% and 0.90, respectively, demonstrating specificity of 80.53% and sensitivity of 81.04%. This configuration shows a substantial 15% enhancement in mean accuracy relative to conventional diagnostic approaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The transfer learning algorithm model based on pre-trained foundation models can provide accurate and reproducible analysis of postoperative outcomes in CRS, effectively addressing the issue of high subjectivity in postoperative evaluation. With limited data, our model can achieve better generalization performance compared to traditional algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297428/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144727297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The synergic impact of decellularized testis scaffold and extracellular vesicles derived from human semen on spermatogonial stem cell survival and differentiation.","authors":"Farideh Afshari, Sanaz Alaee, Mahintaj Dara, Mehry Shadi, Noshafarin Chenari, Amin Ramezani, Ali Golestan, Pooneh Mokarram, Tahereh Talaei-Khozani","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01424-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01424-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Decellularized scaffolds create a biomimetic niche to support spermatogonial stem cell (SSC) function and engraftment. Semen-derived extracellular vesicles (SEVs), containing proteins, lipids, and microRNAs with various functions, facilitate intercellular communication, enhance sperm maturation, and regulate the testicular microenvironment. This study explored the combined effects of rat decellularized testicular scaffolds and human SEVs on SSC survival and differentiation.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The experimental approach involved decellularizing rat testis using detergents, followed by histological, immunohistochemical, DNA quantification, and scanning electron microscopy analyses to confirm extracellular matrix (ECM) preservation and cellular removal. SEVs were isolated from human seminal plasma via ultracentrifugation and characterized for size, morphology, and uptake by testicular cells. Whole testicular cells, including Dolichos Biflorus Agglutinin (DBA)-positive SSCs, were seeded onto scaffolds with or without SEVs, and the gene expression and cell viability were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DNA quantification and histochemical examinations revealed that the cell debris was removed, while the ECM constitution retained properly. Flow cytometery revealed 20% of the isolated cells from testis was SSCs. In vitro results demonstrated that SEV-enriched scaffolds significantly enhanced cell viability and upregulated DAZL and PIWI expression, indicating improved SSC survival and functionality, though meiosis (SCP1 expression) was not achieved.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings underscore the potential of integrating SEV-laden decellularized scaffolds to partially promote SSC differentiation for fertility restoration in spermatogenic failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12297569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}