BioMedical Engineering OnLine最新文献

{"title":"Advancements in osteoblast sourcing, isolation, and characterization for dental tissue regeneration: a review.","authors":"Venkata Suresh Venkataiah, Deepak Mehta, Mohammad Fareed, Mohmed Isaqali Karobari","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01363-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01363-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Primary osteoblasts are essential for bone formation and regeneration, making them pivotal in dental applications, including periodontal regeneration, ridge augmentation, and implant osseointegration. Sourced from various tissues like alveolar bone, calvarial bone, mandibular and maxillary bones, long bones, and bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs), each type of osteoblast presents unique advantages and limitations related to yield, accessibility, and clinical relevance. Given these variables, selecting an appropriate source is crucial for experimental consistency and translational application in dentistry.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review synthesizes data from in vitro, animal, and clinical studies to provide a comprehensive overview of osteoblast sourcing, isolation, and characterization in dental research. Sources were reviewed based on yield, anatomical relevance, and accessibility, while isolation methods were compared to assess their impact on cell behavior and phenotype retention. The review evaluates methods such as enzymatic digestion, explant culture, and differentiation of BMSCs, alongside characterization techniques like morphological analysis, gene expression profiling, and mineralization assays.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis shows that alveolar bone-derived osteoblasts offer high clinical relevance due to their anatomical similarity to oral structures but are limited by low yield and invasive collection. Calvarial and long bone osteoblasts provide higher yields, making them useful for material testing, though they lack biomechanical compatibility with oral environments. BMSCs offer a renewable source with significant regenerative potential but require precise differentiation protocols. In vitro studies contribute mechanistic insights, while animal models bridge the gap to clinical application, despite challenges in standardization and interspecies variability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This review highlights the importance of selecting appropriate osteoblast sources and methods for dental research to optimize outcomes in periodontal and implant-related therapies. The variability across study designs and experimental outcomes underscores the need for standardized protocols and targeted systematic reviews within specific research settings. These findings offer a framework for future osteoblast-based research and guide the effective translation of osteoblast therapies into clinical dental practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative research on the mechanisms of acupuncture mechanics and interdisciplinary innovation.","authors":"Liang Yunshan, Xu Chengli, Zhang Peiming, Quan Haocheng, Liang Xudong, Lu Liming","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01357-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01357-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As a traditional therapeutic approach, acupuncture benefits from modern biomechanics, which offers a unique perspective for understanding its mechanisms by investigating the mechanical properties of biological tissues and cells under force, deformation, and movement. This review summarizes recent advancements in the biomechanics of acupuncture, focusing on three main areas: the mechanical effects of acupuncture, the transmission mechanisms of mechanical signals, and the personalization and precision of acupuncture treatments. First, the review introduces the structural basis of the tissues involved in acupuncture; analyzes the mechanical responses of the skin, dermis, and subcutaneous tissues from needle insertion to point activation; and discusses how these responses impact acupuncture efficacy. Second, the phenomenon of mechanical coupling during acupuncture is discussed in detail, especially the role of connective tissues, including the wrapping and self-locking of collagen fibers, the remodeling of the cytoskeleton and the regulation of mitochondrial function triggered by acupuncture. Third, this article examines the mechanisms of mechanical signal transmission in acupuncture, explaining how mechanosensitive ion channels are activated during the procedure and subsequently initiate a cascade of biochemical responses. Finally, the review highlights the numerical simulation methods used in acupuncture, including the mechanical modeling of skin tissues, the exploration of the mechanical mechanisms of acupuncture, and visualization studies of the needling process. By integrating multidisciplinary research findings, this paper delves into the entire mechanical process of acupuncture, from skin penetration to point stimulation, and analyzes tissue responses to provide a solid theoretical foundation for the scientific study of acupuncture. In addition, directions for future research to further refine acupuncture techniques for clinical applications are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889876/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of CT imaging features on the risk of hemorrhagic transformation after mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel obstruction.","authors":"Linyu Zhou, Hong Yu, Jianbing Bai, Yang Wang, Yingqiang Zhong, Tao Jiang, Yongqing Dai","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01359-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01359-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To investigate the predictive value of computer tomography (CT) imaging features for the risk of hemorrhagic transformation (HT) after mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke with large vessel obstruction (AIS-LVO).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 135 patients with AIS-LVO diagnosed and treated in our hospital from August 2021 to May 2023 were selected as the research subjects. Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Mechanical thrombectomy was performed in all patients. The patients were divided into the HT group (n = 27) and the non-HT group (n = 108) according to whether HT occurred within 24 h after thrombectomy. CT examination was performed after mechanical thrombectomy in the two groups, and the changes in CT imaging indexes in the two groups were observed. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors and a prediction model was constructed based on the influencing factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established to analyze the predictive value. Additionally, ROC curve was used to analyze the diagnostic value of serum CT imaging features.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared with the non-HT group, the proportion of atrial fibrillation history in the HT group was significantly increased, and the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and galectin-3 (Gal-3) level were significantly increased before thrombectomy (P &lt; 0.01). Compared with the non-HT group, the proportion of exudation of contrast medium and Hyperdense Middle Cerebral Artery Sign (HMCAS) in the HT group was significantly increased, time to peak (TTP) was significantly prolonged, and cerebral blood flow (CBF) was significantly decreased (P &lt; 0.001). The history of atrial fibrillation, NIHSS score before thrombectomy, Gal-3, contrast agent exudation, HMCAS, TTP and CBF were the influencing factors of postoperative HT after mechanical thrombectomy in AIS-LVO (P &lt; 0.05). Based on the results of multivariate logistic regression analysis, a prediction model was established as follows: Logit (P) = -3.520 + 1.529 × history of atrial fibrillation + 0.968 × NIHSS score before thrombectomy + 0.806 × Gal-3 + 1.134 × contrast agent exudation + 2.146 × HMCAS + 0.684 × TTP-0.725 × CBF. The area under the curve (AUC) of the logistic prediction model for predicting HT after AIS-LVOLVO mechanical thrombectomy was 0.873 (95% CI 0.817-0.929) with a sensitivity of 78.75% and a specificity of 83.33%, indicating that the prediction model had good prediction efficiency. The AUC of TTP and CBF alone in predicting HT after mechanical thrombectomy in AIS-LVO patients was 0.728 and 0.736, respectively. The AUC of combined detection was 0.783, and the combined detection had a high diagnostic value for HT after mechanical thrombectomy in AIS-LVO patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The combined detection of TTP and CBF of CT imaging features had certain diagnostic value for H","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"29"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11887210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: A glaucoma micro-stent with diverging channel and stepped shaft structure based on microfluidic template processing technology.","authors":"Chen Wang, Fule Wang, Yunru Liao, Chengguo Zuo, Mingkai Lin, Kemin Wang, Dongni Ren, Hongbo Zhang, Ruixue Yin","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01358-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01358-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883956/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a deep learning radiomics model combining lumbar CT, multi-sequence MRI, and clinical data to predict high-risk cage subsidence after lumbar fusion: a retrospective multicenter study.","authors":"Congying Zou, Ruiyuan Chen, Baodong Wang, Qi Fei, Hongxing Song, Lei Zang","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01355-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01355-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To develop and validate a model that integrates clinical data, deep learning radiomics, and radiomic features to predict high-risk patients for cage subsidence (CS) after lumbar fusion.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study analyzed preoperative CT and MRI data from 305 patients undergoing lumbar fusion surgery from three centers. Using a deep learning model based on 3D vision transformations, the data were divided the dataset into training (n = 214), validation (n = 61), and test (n = 30) groups. Feature selection was performed using LASSO regression, followed by the development of a logistic regression model. The predictive ability of the model was assessed using various machine learning algorithms, and a combined clinical model was also established.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ultimately, 11 traditional radiomic features, 5 deep learning radiomic features, and 1 clinical feature were selected. The combined model demonstrated strong predictive performance, with area under the curve (AUC) values of 0.941, 0.832, and 0.935 for the training, validation, and test groups, respectively. Notably, our model outperformed predictions made by two experienced surgeons.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study developed a robust predictive model that integrates clinical features and imaging data to identify high-risk patients for CS following lumbar fusion. This model has the potential to improve clinical decision-making and reduce the need for revision surgeries, easing the burden on healthcare systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11872306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel corneal indentation device for comparison of corneal tangent modulus before and after FS-LASIK in vivo.","authors":"Yan Zhang, Junyu Lin, Shu-Hao Lu, Jones Iok-Tong Chong, Cheng Yang, Jianqing Lan, Wenjuan Xie, Juan Li, David Chuen-Chun Lam, Dan Cao, Jin Zeng","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01343-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01343-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Corneal refractive laser surgery is widely used to correct myopia and astigmatism due to its safety and effectiveness. However, postoperative changes in corneal biomechanics, such as corneal ectasia, can occur, necessitating a deeper understanding of these changes. Finite Element Analysis has shown promise in predicting surgical outcomes based on corneal biomechanics. Devices like the Ocular Response Analyser (ORA) and Corvis ST provide noninvasive ways to measure corneal biomechanics, aiding in the assessment of corneal behavior post-surgery. Young's modulus and tangent modulus are crucial parameters for describing corneal elasticity, but there is limited data on the changes in tangent modulus following Femtosecond Laser-Assisted LASIK (FS-LASIK) in humans. This study aimed to investigate the effect of FS-LASIK on the corneal tangent modulus using a novel corneal indentation device (CID). The study sought to explore changes in corneal tangent modulus after FS-LASIK, taking into account central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal radius, to enhance our understanding of the biomechanical changes induced by this surgical procedure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sixty-six patients (66 eyes) underwent FS-LASIK, resulting in significant changes in CCT, corneal radius, and Goldmann intraocular pressure (GAT IOP) 6 months post-surgery (△CCT = - 88 ± 31 µm, △corneal radius = 0.81 ± 0.30 mm, △GAT IOP = - 3.2 ± 2.4 mmHg, p < 0.001) 6 months after surgery. However, corneal stiffness did not significantly change (△ = - 0.002 ± 0.011, p < 0.2). The corneal tangent modulus showed a significant increase post-surgery (△ = 0.263 ± 0.146, p < 0.001), exhibiting a negative correlation with CCT (r = - 0.68, P < 0.001) and a positive correlation with corneal radius (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). For each 1 mm increase in corneal radius, there was a 0.23 MPa increase in corneal modulus, and for every 100 µm reduction in corneal thickness, there was a 0.14 MPa increase in corneal modulus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The corneal tangent modulus, influenced by corneal radius and CCT, increased significantly following FS-LASIK. This study highlights the biomechanical changes induced by FS-LASIK, with implications for understanding corneal behavior post-surgery and its potential impact on patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11869698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143522464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility and reliability of an online version of the beat alignment test in neurotypical adults and people with stroke.","authors":"Sarah Gregor, Avril Mansfield, George Mochizuki, Joyce Chen, Kara K Patterson","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01352-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01352-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rhythm-based rehabilitation interventions are gaining attention and measuring their effects is critical. With more clinical care and research being conducted online, it is important to determine the feasibility of measuring rhythm abilities online. However, some tools used to measure rhythm abilities, in particular the beat alignment test (BAT), have not been validated for online delivery. This study aims to determine the feasibility, reliability, and learning effects for online delivery of the BAT in adults with and without stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Neurotypical adults and adults with chronic stroke completed the BAT online three times, with testing sessions separated by 2 to 4 days. The BAT includes a perception task (identifying whether tones overlayed on music matched the beat of the music) and a production task (tapping to the beat of music). Feasibility was evaluated with completion rates, technical challenges and resolutions, participant experience via exit questionnaire, and test duration. Reliability was measured using inter-class correlations and standard error of measurement, and learning effects were determined using a repeated-measures ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-nine neurotypical adults and 23 adults with stroke participated in this study. More a priori feasibility criteria for the online BAT were met with neurotypical adults than people with stroke. Most components of the online BAT were considered reliable based on an ICC = 0.60 cut-off, except for perception in the neurotypical group, and production asynchrony in the stroke group. There was notable variability in performance, but no learning effects in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Online administration of the BAT is more feasible for neurotypical adults than people with stroke. Challenges with online administration for people with stroke may be partly related to the delivery platform. The BAT is a reliable tool with no learning effects and therefore is a promising way to assess for rhythm abilities online with careful consideration of user interface for people with stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11854351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and validation of an alignment free adaptive joint torque measurement system.","authors":"Lei Li, Jingcheng Chen, Shaoming Sun, Wei Peng","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01356-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01356-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study introduces a transferable alignment-free adaptive joint torque measurement (AFAJTM) system designed to resolve inconsistencies in torque measurements caused by misalignment between dynamometer and joint rotational axes, improving accuracy and reliability in joint torque assessment.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study presents the design and control methodology of an alignment free adaptive joint torque measurement system. An elbow joint torque measurement device (EJTMD) was developed, and its torque consistency and repeatability were evaluated at various misalignment positions using a joint simulation model. Clinical experiments compared torque measurements between the EJTMD and a traditional standard dynamometer during maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) tests at different misalignment positions.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The simulation test results demonstrate that the AFAJTM system can achieve high-precision torque measurements, with measurement errors controlled within ± 0.5 Nm at various misalignment positions. Clinical experiment data show that the EJTMD exhibits high consistency in torque measurements compared to the traditional standard dynamometer across five different misalignment positions, with strong repeatability and reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The AFAJTM system provides a novel solution for joint torque measurement under human-machine axis misalignment conditions, a solution that eliminates the need for axis alignment, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional measurement devices. This system can be widely applied in various devices that require joint torque measurement, demonstrating excellent adaptability and high-precision measurement capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning and electrocardiography: systematic review of current techniques in cardiovascular disease diagnosis and management.","authors":"Zhenyan Wu, Caixia Guo","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01349-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01349-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reviews the recent advancements in the application of deep learning combined with electrocardiography (ECG) within the domain of cardiovascular diseases, systematically examining 198 high-quality publications. Through meticulous categorization and hierarchical segmentation, it provides an exhaustive depiction of the current landscape across various cardiovascular ailments. Our study aspires to furnish interested readers with a comprehensive guide, thereby igniting enthusiasm for further, in-depth exploration and research in this realm.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11847366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-evaluation of wearable data for use in Parkinson's disease research: a free-living observational study on Empatica E4, Fitbit Sense, and Oura.","authors":"Haakon Reithe, Brice Marty, Juan C Torrado, Elise Førsund, Bettina S Husebo, Ane Erdal, Simon U Kverneng, Erika Sheard, Charalampos Tzoulis, Monica Patrascu","doi":"10.1186/s12938-025-01353-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12938-025-01353-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Established assessment scales used for Parkinson's disease (PD) have several limitations in tracking symptom progression and fluctuation. Both research and commercial-grade wearables show potential in improving these assessments. However, it is not known whether pervasive and affordable devices can deliver reliable data, suitable for designing open-source unobtrusive around-the-clock assessments. Our aim is to investigate the usefulness of the research-grade wristband Empatica E4, commercial-grade smartwatch Fitbit Sense, and the Oura ring, for PD research.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included participants with PD (N = 15) and neurologically healthy controls (N = 16). Data were collected using established assessment scales (Movement Disorders Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire, Hoehn and Yahr Stage), self-reported diary (activities, symptoms, sleep, medication times), and 2-week digital data from the three devices collected simultaneously. The analyses comprised three steps: preparation (device characteristics assessment, data extraction and preprocessing), processing (data structuring and visualization, cross-correlation analysis, diary comparison, uptime calculation), and evaluation (usability, availability, statistical analyses).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found large variation in data characteristics and unsatisfactory cross-correlation. Due to output incongruences, only heart rate and movement could be assessed across devices. Empatica E4 and Fitbit Sense outperformed Oura in reflecting self-reported activities. Results show a weak output correlation and significant differences. The uptime was good, but Oura did not record heart rate and movement concomitantly. We also found variation in terms of access to raw data, sampling rate and level of device-native processing, ease of use, retrieval of data, and design. We graded the system usability of Fitbit Sense as good, Empatica E4 as poor, with Oura in the middle.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this study we identified a set of characteristics necessary for PD research: ease of handling, cleaning, data retrieval, access to raw data, score calculation transparency, long battery life, sufficient storage, higher sampling frequencies, software and hardware reliability, transparency. The three analyzed devices are not interchangeable and, based on data features, none were deemed optimal for PD research, but they all have the potential to provide suitable specifications in future iterations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8927,"journal":{"name":"BioMedical Engineering OnLine","volume":"24 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143472118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}