BMC Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of alizarin Red S biosorption by Alhagi maurorum: a sustainable approach for water treatment.","authors":"Bushra Akram, Aisha Umar, M Ajmal Ali, Mohamed S Elshikh, Chinenye Adaobi Igwegbe, Rashid Iqbal, Soumya Ghosh","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00913-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00913-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synthetic dyes, such as Alizarin Red S, contribute significantly to environmental pollution. This study investigates the biosorption potential of Alhagi maurorum biosorbent for the removal of Alizarin Red S (ARS) from aqueous solutions. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the biosorbent's adsorption sites. Various parameters were optimized to maximize dye adsorption. An optimal removal efficiency of 82.26% was attained by employing 0.9 g of biosorbent with a 25 ppm dye concentration at pH 6 and 60 °C over 30 min. The data were modeled using various isothermal and kinetic models to understand the adsorption behavior. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model best described the data, indicating chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. The data matched best to the Langmuir model, indicating that the adsorption occurs as a monolayer on uniform surfaces with a finite number of binding sites. The model showed a strong correlation (R² = 0.991) and a maximum adsorption capacity (q_max) of 8.203 mg/g. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified temperature as the dominant factor, with the primary component, PC1 capturing 100% of its effect. The mechanisms involved in ARS biosorption on A. maurorum include electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, dipole-dipole interactions, and π-π stacking. Alhagi maurorum showed promising potential for biosorbing toxic dyes from contaminated water, suggesting further investigation for practical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523905/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological activities of Hypericum spectabile extract optimized using artificial neural network combined with genetic algorithm application.","authors":"Ayşenur Gürgen, Mustafa Sevindik, Tetiana Krupodorova, Imran Uysal, Orhan Unal","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00914-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00914-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optimizing extraction conditions can help maximize the efficiency and yield of the extraction process while minimizing negative impacts on the environment and human health. For the purpose of the current study, an artificial neural network (ANN) combined with a genetic algorithm (GA) was utilized for that the extraction conditions of Hypericum spectabile were optimized. In this particular investigation, the main objective was to get the highest possible levels of total antioxidant status (TAS) for the extracts that were obtained. In addition to this, conditions of the extract that exhibited the maximum activity have been determined and the biological activity of the extract that was obtained under these conditions was analyzed. TAS values were obtained from extracts obtained using extraction temperatures of 30-60 °C, extraction times of 4-10 h, and extract concentrations of 0.25-2 mg/mL. The best model selected from the established ANN models had a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) value of 0.643%, a mean squared error (MSE) value of 0.004, and a correlation coefficient (R) value of 0.996, respectively. The genetic algorithm proposed optimal extraction conditions of an extraction temperature of 59.391 °C, an extraction time of 8.841 h, and an extraction concentration of 1.951 mg/mL. It was concluded that the integration of ANN-GA can successfully be used to optimize extraction parameters of Hypericum spectabile. The total antioxidant value of the extract obtained under optimum conditions was determined as 9.306 ± 0.080 mmol/L, total oxidant value as 13.065 ± 0.112 µmol/L, oxidative stress index as 0.140 ± 0.001. Total phenolic content (TPC) was 109.34 ± 1.29 mg/g, total flavonoid content (TFC) was measured as 148.34 ± 1.48 mg/g. Anti-AChE value was determined as 30.68 ± 0.77 µg/mL, anti-BChE value was determined as 41.30 ± 0.48 µg/mL. It was also observed that the extract exhibited strong antiproliferative activities depending on the increase in concentration. As a result of LC-MS/MS analysis of the extract produced under optimum conditions in terms of phenolic content. The presence of fumaric, gallic, protocatechuic, 4-hydroxybenzoic, caffeic, 2-hydoxycinamic acids, quercetin and kaempferol was detected. As a result, it was determined that the H. spectabile extract produced under optimum conditions had significant effects in terms of biological activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11520853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142520902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of autologous tissue-engineered ocular and oral mucosal tissue grafts- a prospective randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Radhika Tandon, Pranav Kumar Pandey, Tanveer Alam Khan, Amit Kumar Das, Mani Kalaivani, Misba Majood, Seema Kashyap, Seema Sen, Neiwete Lomi, Noopur Gupta, M Vanathi, Sujata Mohanty","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00876-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00876-z","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Bilateral ocular surface disease resulting from Stevens Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and chemical injuries are visually debilitating and difficult to treat. Ocular surface reconstruction by various means has been reported with variable results. This study addresses an unmet need for a prospective clinical trial comparing the outcomes of transplanting autologous oral and conjunctival epithelial cell constructs on human amniotic membrane by ex vivo tissue engineering.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial was prospectively applied for registration, with the clinical trial registry of India (CTRI), with the approval of the Institute Ethics Committee number IEC/NP-99/11.04.2014 and CTRI No. REF/2018/10/021791, the study also registered with the WHO-recognized trial registry, International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) registration reference number 45780. The study was conducted to compare clinical outcomes of two different tissue-engineered cell grafts, Cultivated Oral Mucosal Epithelial Transplantation (COMET) and Conjunctival Cultivated Epithelial Transplantation (CCET) for ocular surface reconstruction in patients with bilateral ocular surface disease due to Stevens-Johnson Syndrome or chemical injuries. Fifty patients were enrolled and randomized to either the COMET or CCET group. A uniform pre-op and post-op protocol using standard medications was followed for all patients Parameters assessed at baseline, day 1, 1 week, 2 weeks, 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and 6 months postoperatively included patient comfort, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), ocular surface status and corneal clarity. The efficacy was measured in terms of improvement of vision, reduction in vascularization, symblepharon and corneal clarity.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In the study, 50 patients (50 eyes; mean ages of 29 ± 15.86 years and 26.36 ± 10.85 years, respectively; range, 12-65 years) were enrolled, with 25 patients each in the COMET and CCET groups. Out of them, 36% were female and 64% were male; the causes were Steven Johnson syndrome (48), and chemical injury (2). Mean pre-operative BCVA was log MAR 1.73 ± 0.57 for COMET and 1.99 ± 0.33 for the CCET group. Pre-operatively all 50 enrolled patients had opaque corneas pre-operatively, symblepharon that extended to the cornea categorised as grade 3 and corneal vascularization that went beyond the pupil's boundary into the central zone encluaching on the visual axis. The minimal follow-up time was six months. Following surgery postoperatively, the BCVA considerably improved in the COMET group by 1.51 ± 0.58 compared to the CCET group by 1.91 ± 0.33 at 3 months. BCVA at 6 months was 1.73 ± 0.56 in the COMET group and 1.99 ± 0.31 in the CCET group, which is not statistically significant and comparable to the BCVA before surgery. The corneal clarity was significantly improved in COMET group 25 eye (100%) at 2 month, 3month and","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microcavity-assisted cloning (MAC) of hard-to-clone HepG2 cell lines: cloning made easy.","authors":"Vid Mlakar, Laurence Lesne, Stefania Vossio, Isabelle Dupanloup, Yvonne Gloor, Dimitri Moreau, Marc Ansari","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00911-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-024-00911-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cloning is a key molecular biology procedure for obtaining a genetically homogenous population of organisms or cell lines. It requires the expansion of new cell populations starting from single genetically modified cells. Despite the technical progress, cloning of many cell lines remains difficult. Cloning often fails either due to the strenuous conditions associated with manipulating cells or because many cells don't tolerate a single-cell state. Here we describe a new cloning method utilizing low adhesion microcavity plates. This new technique, named microcavity-assisted cloning (MAC) was developed to clone difficult-to-clone HepG2 cells. The clones were produced following CRISPR/Cas9 knockout of the GSTA1 gene by a random distribution of 200, 400, and 800 cells into 550 microcavities of a 24-well low adhesion plate originally designed for the culture of spheroids. The knockout of GSTA1 was verified at the protein level using Western blotting. The advantages of the MAC method are its low cost, ease of the procedure, and the possibility of scaling up the throughput and automatization.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11481743/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of culture conditions for HBV-specific T cell expansion in vitro from chronically infected patients.","authors":"Li Wang, Hongjiao Chen, Yuanqi Yang, Ying Huang, Weixian Chen, Di Mu","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00908-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-024-00908-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) clearance depends on an effective adaptive immune response, especially HBV-specific T cell-mediated cellular immunity; however, it is difficult to produce enough HBV-specific T cells effectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this work, we investigated the proportions of stimulated cells, serum, and culture media as the three primary factors to determine the most effective procedure and applied it to HLA-A2 (+) people. In parallel, we also examined the correlation between clinical parameters and HBV-specific immunity. Concerning amplification efficiency, 4 × 10⁵ cells stimulation was superior to 2 × 10⁶ cells stimulation, AIM-V medium outperformed 1640 medium, and fetal bovine serum (FBS) exceeded human AB serum under comparable conditions. As expected, this procedure is also suitable for developing HBV-specific CD8 + T cells in HLA-A2(+) individuals. Expanded HBV-specific T cell responses decreased with treatment time and were negatively correlated with HBV DNA and HBsAg. Furthermore, the number of HBV-specific IFN-γ + SFCs was strongly correlated with the ALT level and negatively correlated with the absolute lymphocyte count and the ALB concentration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We confirm that stimulating 4 × 10⁵ PBMCs in AIM-V medium supplemented with 10% FBS is the best approach and that HBeAg, HBsAg, and ALB are independent predictors of HBV-specific T-cell responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11476462/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142457127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential protective efficacy of biogenic silver nanoparticles synthesised from earthworm extract in a septic mice model.","authors":"Sara Bayoumi Ali, Ayman Saber Mohamed, Marwa Ahmed Abdelfattah, Alia Baher Samir, Farha Youssef Abdullah, Halla Ahmed Elsayed, Manar Abdelhalem, Nour Elsadek, Sara Osama, Seif Eldin Mohamed, Sohair R Fahmy","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00901-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00901-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sepsis is an inevitable stage of bacterial invasion characterized by an uncontrolled inflammatory response resulting in a syndrome of multiorgan dysfunction. Most conventional antibiotics used to treat sepsis are efficacious, but they have undesirable side effects. The green synthesised Ag NPs were synthesized by 5 g of the earthworm extract dissolved in a volume of 500mL of distilled water and then added to 2,500 mL aqueous solution of 1mM silver nitrate at 40 °C. After 4 h, the mixture was then allowed to dry overnight at 60 °C. Later, Ag NPs were washed and collected. They were characterized by X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Sepsis model as induced by feces-intraperitoneal injection method. Eighteen male mice were assigned into three main groups: the control group, the sepsis-model group, and the Ag NPs-treated group. The control group received a single oral dose of distilled water and, after two days, intraperitoneally injected with 30% glycerol in phosphate buffer saline. The Sepsis-model group received a single oral dose of distilled water. Ag NPs - The treated group received a single oral dose of 5.5 mg/kg of Ag NPs. After two days, the sepsis-model group and Ag NPs-treated group were intraperitoneally injected with 200 µL of faecal slurry. Ag NPs treatment in septic mice significantly decreased liver enzyme activities, total protein, and serum albumin. Moreover, Ag NPs significantly enhanced kidney function, as indicated by a significant decrease in the levels of creatinine, urea, and uric acid. In addition, Ag NPs showed a powerful antioxidant effect via the considerable reduction of malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels and the increase in antioxidant content. The histopathological investigation showed clear improvement in hepatic and kidney architecture. Our findings demonstrate the protective efficacy of biogenic Ag NPs against sepsis-induced liver and kidney damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11468494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of zinc oxide-cinnamic acid nanoparticles for wound healing management: in vitro and zebrafish model studies.","authors":"Jehad Zuhair Tayyeb, Ajay Guru, Karthikeyan Kandaswamy, Divya Jain, Chandrakumar Manivannan, Khairiyah Binti Mat, Mohd Asif Shah, Jesu Arockiaraj","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00906-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00906-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wound infections resulting from pathogen infiltration pose a significant challenge in healthcare settings and everyday life. When the skin barrier is compromised due to injuries, surgeries, or chronic conditions, pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses can enter the body, leading to infections. These infections can range from mild to severe, causing discomfort, delayed healing, and, in some cases, life-threatening complications. Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely recognized for their antimicrobial and wound healing properties, while cinnamic acid is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Based on these properties, the combination of ZnO NPs with cinnamic acid (CA) was hypothesized to have enhanced efficacy in addressing wound infections and promoting healing. This study aimed to synthesize and evaluate the potential of ZnO-CN NPs as a multifunctional agent for wound treatment. ZnO-CN NPs were synthesized and characterized using key techniques to confirm their structure and composition. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of ZnO-CN NPs was evaluated through standard in vitro assays, demonstrating strong free radical scavenging and inhibition of protein denaturation. The antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles was tested against common wound pathogens, revealing effective inhibition at a minimal concentration. A zebrafish wound healing model was employed to assess both the safety and therapeutic efficacy of the nanoparticles, showing no toxicity at tested concentrations and facilitating faster wound closure. Additionally, pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression was analyzed to understand the role of ZnO-CN NPs in wound healing mechanisms. In conclusion, ZnO-CN NPs demonstrate potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, making them promising candidates for wound treatment. Given their multifunctional properties and non-toxicity at tested concentrations, ZnO-CN NPs hold significant potential as a therapeutic agent for clinical wound management, warranting further investigation in human models.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11468080/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a chemiluminescent immunoassay based on magnetic solid phase for quantification of homocysteine in human serum.","authors":"Yankui Liu, Yaru Li, Rong Wang, Shuning Chen, Ning Sun, Xiaowei Qi","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00903-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00903-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Homocysteine (HCY) is a sulfur-containing amino acid that is an independent or important risk factor for the occurrence of many chronic diseases and is one of the most important indicators for determining health risks. However, existing HCY detection methods do not meet the requirements of clinical diagnosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish new detection methods to meet the needs of clinical detection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we used the principle of competitive method to establish a new method for the determination of HCY in human serum using a chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay in conjunction with a chemiluminescent assay instrument that uses magnetic microparticles as the solid phase of the immunoreaction. The established method achieved satisfactory results in terms of minimum detection limit, specificity, accuracy, and clinical application. The limit of detection was 0.03 ng/mL. The intra-assay coefficient of variation (CV) was 1.94-5.05%, the inter-assay CV was 2.29-6.88%, and the recovery rate was 88.60-93.27%. Cross-reactivity with L-cysteine ranged from 0.0100 to 0.0200 μmol/L, and cross-reactivity with glutathione ranged from 0.0100 to 0.200 μmol/L, all of which were less than the limit of detection (LoD) of this method. The linear factor R of this method was greater than 0.99.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In summary, the developed method showed a good correlation with the product from Abbott. A total of 996 clinical patients with cardiovascular diseases were evaluated using the method developed in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing nutritional and potential antimicrobial properties of poultry feed through encapsulation of metagenome-derived multi-enzymes.","authors":"Shohreh Ariaeenejad, Mehrshad Zeinalabedini, Akram Sadeghi, Sajjad Gharaghani, Mohsen Mardi","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00904-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00904-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The encapsulation of metagenome-derived multi-enzymes presents a novel approach to improving poultry feed by enhancing nutrient availability and reducing anti-nutritional factors. By integrating and encapsulated enzymes such as carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, protease, lipase, and laccase into feed formulations, this method not only improves feed digestibility but also potentially contributes to animal health and productivity through antimicrobial properties.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study investigates the encapsulation of metagenome-derived enzymes, including carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, protease, lipase, and laccase, using Arabic and Guar gums as encapsulating agents. The encapsulated multi-enzymes exhibited significant antimicrobial activity, achieving a 92.54% inhibition rate against Escherichia coli at a concentration of 6 U/mL. Fluorescence tracking with FITC-labeled enzymes confirmed efficient encapsulation and distribution, while physical characterization, including moisture content and solubility assessments, along with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging, validated successful encapsulation. The encapsulated enzymes also effectively hydrolyzed poultry feed, leading to an increase in phenolic content and antioxidant activity, as confirmed by 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The encapsulated multi-enzymes improved the overall feed quality by increasing reducing sugars and enhancing physical properties such as solubility and water-holding capacity. The encapsulated multi-enzymes improved the overall feed quality by increasing reducing sugars, antioxidant activity and enhancing physical properties such as solubility and water-holding capacity. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses confirmed the enzymatic breakdown of the feed structure. These results suggest that supplementing poultry feed with encapsulated multi-enzymes can enhance its physical, nutritional, and functional properties, leading to improved digestibility and overall feed quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11463139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of plasma activated water on antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles biosynthesized by cyanobacterium Alborzia kermanshahica.","authors":"Bahareh Nowruzi, Hassan Beiranvand, Fatemeh Malihi Aghdam, Rojan Barandak","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00905-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12896-024-00905-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Silver nanoparticles are extensively researched for their antimicrobial properties. Cold atmospheric plasma, containing reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, is increasingly used for disinfecting microbes, wound healing, and cancer treatment. Therefore, this study examined the effect of water activated by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma and gliding arc discharge plasma on the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles from Alborzia kermanshahica.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Silver nanoparticles were synthesized using the boiling method, as well as biomass from Alborzia kermanshahica extract grown in water activated by DBD and GA plasma. The physicochemical properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated using UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Additionally, the disk diffusion method was used to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of the manufactured nanoparticles against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The spectroscopy results verified the presence of silver nanoparticles, indicating their biosynthesis. The highest amount of absorption (1.049) belonged to the nanoparticles synthesized by boiling under GA plasma conditions. Comparing the FTIR spectra of the plasma-treated samples with DBD and GA revealed that the DBD-treated samples had more intense peaks, indicating that the DBD method proved to be more effective in enhancing the functional groups on the silver nanoparticles. The DLS results revealed that the boiling method synthesized silver nanoparticles under DBD plasma treatment had a smaller particle size (149.89 nm) with a PDI of 0.251 compared to the GA method, and the DBD method produced nanoparticles with a higher zeta potential (27.7 mV) than the GA method, indicating greater stability of the biosynthesized nanoparticles. Moreover, the highest antimicrobial properties against E. coli (14.333 ± 0.47 mm) were found in the DBD-treated nanoparticles. TEM tests confirmed that spherical nanoparticles attacked the E. coli bacterial membrane, causing cell membrane destruction and cell death. The GC-MS results showed that compounds like 2-methylfuran, 3-methylbutanal, 2-methylbutanal, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, benzaldehyde, 2-phenylethanol, and 3-octen-2-ol were much higher in the samples that were treated with DBD compared to the samples that were treated with GA plasma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The research indicated that DBD plasma was more efficient than GA plasma in boosting the antimicrobial characteristics of nanoparticles. These results might be a cornerstone for future advancements in utilizing cold plasma to create nanoparticles with enhanced antimicrobial properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"75"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460180/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}