BMC Biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and diversity of FAD2, FAD3 and FAE1 genes in terms of biotechnological importance in Camelina species.","authors":"Rostyslav Y Blume, Vitaliy Y Hotsuliak, Tara J Nazarenus, Edgar B Cahoon, Yaroslav B Blume","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00936-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00936-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>False flax, or gold-of-pleasure (Camelina sativa) is an oilseed that has received renewed research interest as a promising vegetable oil feedstock for liquid biofuel production and other non-food uses. This species has also emerged as a model for oilseed biotechnology research that aims to enhance seed oil content and fatty acid quality. To date, a number of genetic engineering and gene editing studies on C. sativa have been reported. Among the most common targets for this research are genes, encoding fatty acid desaturases, elongases, and diacylglycerol acyltransferases. However, the majority of these genes in C. sativa are present in multiple copies due to the allohexaploid nature of the species. Therefore, genetic manipulations require a comprehensive understanding of the diversity of such gene targets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Here we report the detailed analysis of FAD2, FAD3 and FAE1 gene diversity in five Camelina species, including hexaploid C. sativa and four diploids, namely C. neglecta, C. laxa, C. hispida var. hispida and var. grandiflora. It was established that FAD2, FAD3 and FAE1 homeologs in C. sativa retain very high conservancy, despite their allohexaploid inheritance. High sequence conservancy of the identified genes along with their different expression patterns in C. sativa suggest that subfunctionalization of these homeologs is mainly grounded on the transcriptional balancing between subgenomes. Finally, fatty acid composition of seed lipids in different Camelina species was characterized, suggesting potential variability in the activity of fatty acid elongation/desaturation pathways may vary among these taxa.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It was shown that the FAD2, FAD3 and FAE1 genes retain high conservation, even in allohexaploid C. sativa after polyploidzation, in which the subfunctionalization of the described homeologs is mainly grounded on the expressional differences. The major differences in FA accumulation patterns within the seeds of different species were identified as well. These results provide a foundation for future precise gene editing, which would be based on targeting of particular FAD2, FAD3 and FAE1 gene copies in C. sativa that allow regulating the dosage of the mentioned genes, thus shaping the desired FA composition in cultivated false flax.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"107"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11657843/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a thrombin-antithrombin complex detection kit and study in venous thromboembolism complicated by cervical cancer.","authors":"Yanru Qiu, Shuang Han, Yu Ji, Zhixian Lu, Xuan Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00930-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00930-w","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Our study successfully developed an assay kit for thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and demonstrated the predictive value of plasma TAT concentration in the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cervical cancer.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;A retrospective analysis was conducted on 177 patients with cervical cancer who received treatment at the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University in Wuxi City from July 1, 2023 to October 1, 2023. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of cervical cancer patients and their VTE risk factors. The patients were divided into two groups: 27 cases with VTE (Thrombosis group) and 150 cases without VTE (Non-thrombotic group). Additionally, the patients were classified into four stages based on tumor stage: 42 cases of stage I, 45 cases of stage II, 62 cases of stage III, and 28 cases of stage IV. The control group consisted of 80 healthy patients undergoing medical check-ups. Thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT), fibrinolytic enzyme-α2-fibrinolytic inhibitor complex (PIC), thrombomodulin (TM), and tissue-type plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 complex (t-PAIC) were detected using quantitative chemiluminescence immunoassay. The study assessed the variations in thrombotic marker levels among cervical cancer patients of different stages through a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;The TAT reagent demonstrated a detection limit of 0.048 ng/mL, with a linear R value of 0.9997, indicating high accuracy and precision. The reagent's accelerated stability was also excellent, with deviations of less than 10%. Furthermore, the correlation coefficient of this method with Hyson Mecon was R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; = 0.9683. Notably, in patients with cervical cancer, TAT and PIC levels were found to be elevated compared to those of the healthy population. Cervical cancer patients who developed thrombosis had significantly elevated levels of TAT and fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) compared to those who did not. Furthermore, patients with stage III-IV cervical cancer exhibited higher levels of the six markers than those with stage I-II during staging. Notably, the combination of four or six markers significantly improved the sensitivity and specificity of the diagnosis, as demonstrated by the ROC curves.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our developed TAT test kit has excellent performance and low cost, making it a clinically valuable tool for widespread use. Elevated TAT levels have significant predictive value for thrombosis occurrence in cervical cancer patients. The combination of t-PAIC, TM, TAT, PIC, D-dimer(D-D), and FDP markers is superior to using a single marker for diagnosing VTE in patients with malignant tumors. Screening cervical cancer patients for the six markers is essential to aid in active prophylaxis, determine optimal treatment timing, and implement nursing interventions to improve prognosis, reduce venous thromb","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft sensor modeling method for Pichia pastoris fermentation process based on substructure domain transfer learning.","authors":"Bo Wang, Jun Wei, Le Zhang, Hui Jiang, Cheng Jin, Shaowen Huang","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00928-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00928-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aiming at the problem that traditional transfer methods are prone to lose data information in the overall domain-level transfer, and it is difficult to achieve the perfect match between source and target domains, thus reducing the accuracy of the soft sensor model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper proposes a soft sensor modeling method based on the transfer modeling framework of substructure domain. Firstly, the Gaussian mixture model clustering algorithm is used to extract local information, cluster the source and target domains into multiple substructure domains, and adaptively weight the substructure domains according to the distances between the sub-source domains and sub-target domains. Secondly, the optimal subspace domain adaptation method integrating multiple metrics is used to obtain the optimal projection matrices <math><msub><mi>W</mi> <mi>s</mi></msub> </math> and <math><msub><mi>W</mi> <mi>t</mi></msub> </math> that are coupled with each other, and the data of source and target domains are projected to the corresponding subspace to perform spatial alignment, so as to reduce the discrepancy between the sample data of different working conditions. Finally, based on the source and target domain data after substructure domain adaptation, the least squares support vector machine algorithm is used to establish the prediction model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Taking Pichia pastoris fermentation to produce inulinase as an example, the simulation results verify that the root mean square error of the proposed soft sensor model in predicting Pichia pastoris concentration and inulinase concentration is reduced by 48.7% and 54.9%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed soft sensor modeling method can accurately predict Pichia pastoris concentration and inulinase concentration online under different working conditions, and has higher prediction accuracy than the traditional soft sensor modeling method.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mathematical modeling of biohydrogen production via dark fermentation of fruit peel wastes by Clostridium butyricum NE95.","authors":"Norhan Elerakey, Abdel-Hamied M Rasmey, Akram A Aboseidah, Heba Hawary","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00925-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00925-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biohydrogen production from agro-industrial wastes through dark fermentation offers several advantages including eco-friendliness, sustainability, and the simplicity of the process. This study aimed to produce biohydrogen from fruit and vegetable peel wastes (FVPWs) by anaerobic fermentative bacteria isolated from domestic wastewater. Kinetic analysis of the produced biohydrogen by five isolates on a glucose medium was analyzed using a modified Gompertz model (MGM). Besides, the feasibility of hydrogen production by Clostridium butyricum NE95 using FVPWs as substrates was investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The bacterial isolate NE95 was selected as the highest biohydrogen producer with maximum biohydrogen production (H_max) of 1617.67 ± 3.84 mL/L, R_max (MGM) of 870.77 mL/L/h and lag phase (λ) of 28.37 h. NE95 was phenotypically and genetically identified as C. butyricum and its 16 S rRNA gene sequence was deposited in the GenBank under the accession number PP581833. The genetic screening of hydrogenase gene clusters indicated the presence of Fe-Fe hydrogenase gene in C. butyricum NE95. C. butyricum NE95 showed the ability to produce biohydrogen from different FVPWs, with watermelon and melon peels being the most promising feedstocks for fermentation. It was revealed that using a mixture (1:1, w/w) of watermelon and melon peels as a substrate for C. butyricum NE95 significantly increased biohydrogen yield with H_max of 991.00 ± 10.54 mL/L, R_max of 236.31 mL/L/h, λ of 33.92 h and a high accuracy of R² (0.997).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study highlights the effectiveness of C. butyricum NE95 on the valorization of FVPWs and generates a sustainable source of biohydrogen production.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11653998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saccharification and co-fermentation of lignocellulosic biomass by a cockroach-gut bacterial symbiont and yeast cocktail for bioethanol production.","authors":"Cecilia Echa, Maurice Ekpenyong, Uwamere Edeghor, David Ubi, Philomena Edet, Daniel Itam, Richard Antigha, Atim Asitok, Sylvester Antai","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00932-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00932-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The eco-friendly transformation of agro-industrial wastes through microbial bioconversion could address sustainability challenges in line with the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals. The bulk of agro-industrial waste consists of lignocellulosic materials with fermentable sugars, predominantly cellulose and hemicellulose. A number of pretreatment options have been employed for material saccharification toward successful fermentation into second-generation bioethanol. Biological and/or enzymatic pretreatment of lignocellulosic waste substrates offers eco-friendly and sustainable second-generation bioethanol production opportunities that may also contribute to waste management without affecting food security. In this study, we isolated a promising filamentous bacterium from the guts of cockroaches with commendable cellulolytic activity. The matrices of sequential statistics, from one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) through significant variable screening by Placket-Burman design (PBD) to Box‒Behnken design of a surface methodology (BBD-RSM), were employed for major medium variable modeling and optimization by solid-state fermentation. The optimized solutions were used to saccharify lignocellulose in real time, and the kinetics of reducing sugar accumulation were subsequently evaluated to determine the maximum concentration of sugars extracted from the lignocellulose. The hydrolysate with the highest reducing sugar concentration was subjected to fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Klyuveromyces marxianus and a mixture of both, after which the ethanol yield, concentration and fermentation efficiency were determined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sequential statistics revealed that rice husk powder, corn cob powder, peptone and inoculum volume were significant variables for the bioprocess at 59.8% (w/w) rice husk powder, 17.8% (w/w) corn cob powder, 38.8% (v/w; 10⁹ cfu/mL) inoculum volume, and 5.3% (w/w) peptone. These conditions mediated maximum cellulolytic and xylanolytic activities of 219.93 ± 18.64 FPU/mL and 333.44 ± 22.74 U/mL, respectively. The kinetics of saccharification of the lignocellulosic waste under optimized conditions revealed two peaks of reducing sugar accumulation between 16 and 32 h and another between 56 and 64 h.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although K. marxianus had a significantly greater fermentation efficiency than S. cerevisiae, fermentation with a 50:50 (% v/v) mixture of both yeasts led to 88.32% fermentation efficiency with 55.56 ± 0.19 g/L crude bioethanol, suggesting that inexpensive, eco-friendly and sustainable bioethanol production could be obtained from renewable energy sources.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"102"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11654095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142851964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An improved HPAEC-PAD method for the determination of D-glucuronic acid and 4-O-methyl-D-glucuronic acid from polymeric and oligomeric xylan.","authors":"Savvina Leontakianakou, Carl Grey, Eva Nordberg Karlsson, Roya R R Sardari","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00931-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00931-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glucuronic acid (GlcA) is an abundant substituent in hardwood xylan, and it is often found in its methylated form as methyl glucuronic acid (MeGlcA). GlcA and MeGlcA are sugar acids, bound to the xylose backbone at position O-2, and their presence can affect the digestibility of the polymer. Currently, detection of released GlcA or MeGlcA from synthetic substrates such as pNP-glucuronic acid can be achieved with colorimetric assays, whereas analysis from natural substrates such as xylan is more complicated. High performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) with an isocratic elution profile has been proposed for quantification of uronic acids in acid-hydrolysed wood samples. However, achieving sufficient separation for comprehensive analysis of hardwood-related xylan components, particularly MeGlcA remains challenging with this methodology. This study offers modified protocols for improved separation by introducing gradient elution profiles to effectively separate hydrolysed hardwood-related compounds, including MeGlcA, and GlcA within a single analytical run. The method showed excellent reproducibility and a standard curve of MeGlcA assured first order linearity in a wide range of concentrations, making the method excellent for quantification.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"100"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11636049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical and Heat Treatment for Viral Inactivation in Porcine-Derived Gelatin.","authors":"Francois Marie Ngako Kadji, Maiko Shimizu, Kazuki Kotani, Masanori Kishimoto, Yosuke Hiraoka","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00922-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00922-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is mandatory to demonstrate the removal or inactivation of potential viral contaminants in the manufacturing processes of pharmaceuticals derived from biomaterials. Porcine-derived gelatin is used in various medical fields, including regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and medical devices. However, the steps of virus inactivation in the gelatin manufacturing process are poorly defined. In this study we evaluated virus inactivation in two steps of the gelatin manufacturing process.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Pig skin (4.5 g), including solid pieces as intermediate products, was spiked with model viruses, including CPV (canine parvovirus), BAV (bovine adenovirus), BPIV3 (bovine parainfluenza type 3), PRV (pseudorabies virus), BReoV3 (bovine reovirus type 3), and PPV (porcine parvovirus), and underwent chemical treatment with alkaline ethanol or heat treatment at 62 °C followed by inoculation in relevant cell cultures. Viral titers in the samples were calculated based on the Behrens-Kärber method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Model viruses were inactivated at different rates; however, effective inactivation of all model viruses was demonstrated by an LRV (log reduction value) over 4 by both chemical and heat treatment, and chemical treatment demonstrated rapid inactivation compared to heat treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The chemical and heat treatment steps exhibited meaningful viral inactivation capacity. They are integrated parts in the extraction and manufacturing process of porcine-derived gelatin, ensuring virus safety for use in medical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"99"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11619659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142783978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of hyperhydricity of Pistacia khinjuk stocks in vitro shoots.","authors":"Yusuf Ersali","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00929-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00929-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperhydricity is the most extensive physiological disorder during in vitro propagation. This disturbance can induce anatomical, morphological and physiological problems that cause serious damage. The factors that cause hyperhydricity are the composition of nutrient media and cultures conditions. To reduce the hyperhydricity of Pistacia khinjuk, ammonium nitrate (NH₄NO₃), calcium chloride (CaCl₂·2H₂O), cytokinins of meta-topolin (mT) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) at different concentrations were investigated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The lowest percentage of hyperhydricity (34.30%) were obtained from the medium containing 1650 mg/L NH₄NO₃, 110 mg/L CaCl₂·2H₂O and1 mg/L mT; the highest percentage of hyperhydricity (68.42%) were obtained from the medium containing 206.25 mg/L NH₄NO₃, 440 mg/L CaCl₂·2H₂O and 0.5 mg/L BAP. The maximum average number of shoots per explant (2.45), average shoots length (18.47 mm) and proliferation rate (85%) were obtained from the medium containing 1650 mg/L NH4NO3, 110 mg/L CaCl2·2H2O of MS and 1 mg/L mT. In addition, when soluble protein (2.12 mg/g) and total chlorophyll a, b (0.96 mg/g) value of normal (non-hyperhydric) shoots were higher than hyperhydric shoots, carotenoid (11.75 µg /g) and water content (78.70%) value of normal shoots were lower than hyperhydric shoots. This study concludes that the hyperhydricity percentage of in vitro P. khinjuk shoots was reduced (12.8%) on modified MS medium with NH₄NO₃, CaCl₂·2H₂O and mT according to standard MS medium.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"97"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11605928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosafety and pharmacokinetic characteristics of polyethylene pyrrolidone modified nano selenium in rats.","authors":"Wei Li, Xianzhou Lu, Liangjun Jiang, Xiangjiang Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00915-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00915-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to investigate the biocompatibility and pharmacokinetic characteristics of polyvinyl pyrrolidone-modified selenium nanoparticles (PVP-Se NPs). Understanding the biosafety of PVP-Se NPs is crucial due to their potential applications in mitigating oxidative stress-related diseases and improving drug delivery systems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Selenium nanoparticles were prepared using a sodium selenite solution, followed by PVP modification. Particle size analysis was conducted using dynamic light scattering (DLS), and particle morphology was observed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Different concentrations of PVP-Se NPs were intraperitoneally injected into SD rats, and the survival rate was observed. Liver and kidney tissues, urine, feces, and blood samples were collected at the highest safe dose, and the concentration of selenium ions was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average particle size of PVP-Se NPs was 278.4 ± 124.8 nm, exhibiting a semi-spherical shape. The maximum safe dose of PVP-Se NPs for intraperitoneal injection in rats was approximately 320 µg/kg. At this dose, the content of PVP-Se NPs significantly increased in the liver and kidney tissues from day 1 to day 3, in urine and feces during the first 8 h, and in blood during the first 2 h, followed by a gradual decrease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>When administered at a safe dose, PVP-Se NPs do not damage liver and kidney tissues and can be eliminated from the body through liver and kidney metabolism without accumulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11606190/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142749856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organosolv-derived lipids from hemicellulose and cellulose, and pre-extracted tannins as additives upon hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of spruce bark lignins to bio-oil.","authors":"Petter Paulsen Thoresen, Jonas Fahrni, Alok Patel, Josefine Enman, Tomas Gustafsson, Ulrika Rova, Paul Christakopoulos, Leonidas Matsakas","doi":"10.1186/s12896-024-00917-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12896-024-00917-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise in global temperature and accumulation of petroleum-based wastes in the environment forces the scientific focus towards renewable alternatives. In the present work, an under-exploited resource - spruce bark - is investigated as a raw material for production of bio-oil as a liquid energy carrier. To enhance the energy-content of the produced bio-crude, ultimately being produced through hydrothermal liquefaction, the polysaccharides were extracted through organosolv fractionation and converted to lipids by oleaginous microorganisms. The effect originating from tannins was also investigated by performing a pre-extraction before the organosolv fractionation. It was found that performing the organosolv fractionation and upgrading the isolated organosolv lignin to bio-oil greatly reduced the oxygen content of the oil fraction thereby improving its energy content, and introducing upgraded polysaccharides in the form of lipids, as well as pre-extracted tannins, caused clear changes in the product distribution of the final bio-oil and kept a final product with low oxygen content. The other factor largely influencing the product distribution originated from the various heating rates tested by altering operational mode of the HTL process between batch and semi-continuous. Ultimately, performing the organosolv fractionation and individual upgrading of the polysaccharides had a beneficial effect on reducing the final solids content and enhancing the liquid oil yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":8905,"journal":{"name":"BMC Biotechnology","volume":"24 1","pages":"96"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11590470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142725035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}