Australian Journal of Psychology最新文献

{"title":"Investigating multidimensional organisational trust through breach","authors":"Sarah Fischer, Julian Clarke, Arlene Walker, Shannon Hyder","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2260498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2260498","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The literature shows employee trust in leaders supports organisational performance, despite much still being unknown about the employee-leader trust relationship. This study aimed to explore employee trust in leaders through trust breaches to broaden knowledge about the multidimensional nature of the trust construct and provide organisations with a focus on how to improve employee trust in leaders.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135646112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding early risk factors for eating disorder symptoms in adolescence: the role of body dissatisfaction, negative emotional reactivity and self-esteem at age 10–11 years","authors":"Kiu Lam Chan, Alyssa Sawyer, Amanda Taylor","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2260488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2260488","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Risk factors associated with eating disorders (EDs) have been widely studied, although previous research has been limited to largely cross-sectional data or understanding risk factors in adult populations. Little is therefore known about the role of risk factors in early adolescence for the subsequent development of ED symptoms in adolescence.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135646113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understandings and applications of self-compassion and self-coldness among Hazaras in Australia: a qualitative study","authors":"Clare Wilson, RoseAnne Misajon, Joanne Brooker","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2257362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2257362","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Emerging research suggests that self-compassion and self-coldness are involved in the treatment of psychological difficulties among refugees and asylum seekers. Self-compassion involves treating oneself with warmth and care and self-coldness involves treating oneself with harsh judgement. We aimed to explore the unique understandings and applications of self-compassion and self-coldness among Hazara asylum seekers and refugees in Australia.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136374483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy complications and their association with postpartum depression symptoms: a retrospective study","authors":"Taliah Swart, Kerrie A Shandley, Minh Huynh, Christine M. Brown, D. Austin, J. Bhowmik","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2247088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2247088","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Postpartum depression affects around 17% of the women worldwide and has considerable implications for maternal and child health. While some risk factors have been identified, the association between pregnancy and delivery complications and postpartum depression is less well understood. This study aims to determine whether specific pregnancy complications are associated with risk of postpartum depression symptoms (PPDS). Method This study analysed a subset of variables collected as part of a larger study exploring pregnancy circumstances and maternal-foetal health outcomes. Mothers residing in Australia provided information on their biological children aged 3–13 years. Pregnancy complications were analysed using bivariate analyses and binary logistic regression. Results Mothers (N = 1,926) reported on N = 3,210 pregnancies (mean number of pregnancies = 1.27, SD = 0.97). At the time of childbirth, mothers were on average 30.1 years old (SD = 5.14). Experiencing a pregnancy complication increased the risk of PPDS (X2 = 16.45, df = 1, p < 0.001) However, logistic regression analyses indicated an increased risk of PPDS was associated with the specific pregnancy complications of cytomegalovirus (AOR = 7.06, 95% CI[1.51,32.98]), emergency caesarean (AOR = 1.67, 95% CI[1.31,2.12]), foetal distress before birth (AOR = 1.49, 95% CI[1.16,1.91]), induced labour (AOR = 1.55, 95% CI[1.25,1.91]) and placenta previa (AOR = 2.60, 95% CI[1.44,4.71]). Conclusion Specific pregnancy complications were associated with PPDS, suggesting that some complications may pose a greater risk for PPDS than others. This study contributes to the growing understanding of peripartum risk factors for postpartum depression, and suggests that early clinical identification of at-risk mothers and early prophylactic and supportive care may be warranted to reduce that risk. Key Points What is already known about this topic: Postpartum depression is a prevalent mental health condition affecting almost 1 in 5 mothers worldwide. A complicated pregnancy and delivery experience is associated with an increased risk of adverse psychosocial outcomes, including postpartum depression. Targeted interventions in the peripartum period for mothers identified to be at higher risk of postpartum depression may be effective at mitigating the impact. What this topic adds: Analysis of distinct and specific pregnancy complications against postpartum depression symptoms revealed that certain complications had a more significant impact than others in an Australia-based maternal cohort. Emergency caesarean delivery, cytomegalovirus, foetal distress, induced labour, and placenta previa were significant predictors of postpartum depression symptom development. Gestational diabetes, bleeding during pregnancy, low amniotic-fluid index, pre-eclampsia, and candida infections were not associated with postpartum depression symptoms in this study.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43209725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures during the onset of the pandemic in Australia: investigating the role of trust in federal and state governments and scientists","authors":"B. Elphinstone, Melissa A. Wheeler, Julian A. Oldmeadow, D. Sivasubramaniam, James Williams, Samuel Wilson, C. Critchley","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2224453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2224453","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective The current study explored (1) changes in trust in federal and state governments and scientists across representative Australian national samples from 2003–2020; and (2) the extent to which trust in these sources predicted compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures at the onset of the pandemic. Method Using a nationally representative samples (N = 1000), we asked participants to rate their trust in federal and state government and in scientists, their extent of compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures, and to provide demographic information. Results We found that trust in federal and state governments had significantly increased, while trust in scientists was at a high level matched by only three other time-points. Higher levels of trust in state government and scientists uniquely predicted greater compliance with COVID-19 prevention measures. Women and older respondents also reported greater compliance. Conclusion The current findings reinforce those from Australia and other countries indicating that trust increased during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, and those identifying trust in government and in scientists as important predictors of compliance. Importantly, our findings highlight the role of trust in state government, which potentially reflects the role played by Australian state governments in enacting and enforcing COVID-19 prevention measures. Key points What is already known about this topic: Older individuals, women and those who voted for the government in power tended to display greater compliance with COVID-19 measures. Trust in government appears to have generally increased in accordance with governmental actions to address COVID-19. Older individuals, women and those who voted for the government in power tended to display greater compliance with COVID-19 measures. What this topic adds: The current study provides the most comprehensive longitudinal overview of trust in federal and state government and in scientists from 2003 to 2020. Trust in both forms of government increased with the onset of COVID-19, whereas trust in scientists remained steady. In Australia, greater compliance was significantly predicted by increased trust in scientists and state government, but not federal government. Older respondents and women also reported increased compliance. The current findings indicate that scientists and public health experts should play an important role in shaping and delivering policy where public compliance is required.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48095343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of social comparison on risk decision-making for self and groups in intergroup contexts","authors":"Lingchao Sun, Yilin Xiao, Wenxu Mao, Bohan Cao, H. Mao, Dawei Wang, Yixin Hu","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2220414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2220414","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective The current study aims to explore the influence of social comparison on risk decision-making for self and for groups in intergroup contexts. Method Two experiments with the within-subjects design of 2 (social comparison: upward comparison, downward comparison) × 3 (decision-maker role: for “me”, for “us”, for “them”) were conducted in this study. Experiment 1 focused on the ingroup contexts, and experiment 2 focused on the outgroup contexts. Results (1) in outgroup contexts, individuals are more risk-seeking in upward comparison conditions than in downward comparison conditions. However, the difference disappears in ingroup contexts. (2) Making decisions for “them” is riskier than making decisions for “me” and for “us” with no significant differences between the latter two and consistent across intergroup contexts. (3) The difference in risk decisions made amid upward and downward comparisons is amplified for decisions made for groups. Conclusion The findings may support the selective accessibility model and provide an interpretation with responsibility alleviation for self-group differences in risk decision-making. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Recent research provides evidence for social loss aversion with individuals taking more risks when making upward comparisons. Previous findings of studies without involving social comparisons on the difference between making risk decisions for oneself and making decisions for others were not consistent. The identity of the comparison target affected an individual’s attention to social comparison. What this topic adds: Making decisions for a group magnified the difference in risk decisions made amid upward and downward comparisons. The perception of less responsibility for “their” welfare led to the decision makers taking more risks when making decisions for “them”. The difference in risk decisions made amid upward and downward comparisons appears in outgroup contexts whereas disappears in ingroup contexts for an outgroup context highlights comparative information, while an ingroup context weakens social comparison information.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44282517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FoMO, but not self-compassion, moderates the link between social media use and anxiety in adolescence","authors":"D. Einstein, C. Dabb, M. Fraser","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2217961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2217961","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Social media use is ubiquitous during adolescence, and emerging research suggests an association with anxiety symptoms in some individuals. Two psychological constructs which may moderate this relationship are Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) and self-compassion. Higher FoMO tendencies may exacerbate the link between social media use and anxiety symptoms through greater fixation on social comparison, whereas higher self-compassion may weaken this link. The purpose of this study was to examine whether FoMO and self-compassion independently moderate the relationship between social media use and anxiety symptoms in adolescents. Method Participants included 951 adolescents (M age = 13.69, SD = 0.72; 54% male). Online questionnaires assessed frequency of social media use, anxiety symptoms, FoMO, and self-compassion. Results FoMO moderated the relationship between social media use and anxiety, ΔR 2 = .022, ΔF(1,945) = 26.26, p < .001. Increased social media use was associated with increased anxiety symptoms in adolescents high in FoMO and reduced anxiety for adolescents low in FoMO. Self-compassion was not a significant moderator. Conclusion These findings have implications for social media use, public guidelines and clinical practice and support adoption of a discerning approach to adolescent’s social media use. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Whilst some studies demonstrate an association between social media use and anxiety, depression or self harm, other studies suggest social media is beneficial to wellbeing. Previous research suggests that Fear of Missing out mediates the association between anxiety and social media use. Self compassion is associated with less time spent on social media. What this topic adds: This study identified students who are adversely affectedby social media use amongst Australian adolescents and differentiated them from students who derive some benefit from social media use. Students who were concerned by a fear of missing out showed that social media use was associated with increased levels of anxiety. Incontrast, for students who were not concerned with missing out, increased social media use was associated with reduced levels of anxiety. Self-compassion did not moderate the association between increased social media use and anxiety symptoms.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43307228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A critical analysis of online social support for young people experiencing chronic pain","authors":"Eliza Kavanagh, A. Chur-Hansen, Nicki Ferencz","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2216303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2216303","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective Chronic pain is a prevalent and costly public health problem for young people. The associated physical, psychosocial, and psychological burdens, including higher degrees of social isolation, are well documented. Pathways to receive and offer support can be found with online social support (OSS). Research indicates OSS features impact the frequency of use, reach, safety and overall experience for the user. Methods We conducted a rigorous internet search to identify and appraise the available English-language OSS worldwide for young people with chronic pain. Through Google, two complementary search strategies were used to identify the available OSS. The general characteristics and features of the available OSS were then extracted. Results The search strategies produced a total yield of 1319 websites of which 11 OSS websites were identified as meeting inclusion criteria. Characteristics of OSS varied significantly, such as moderation, site access requirements and safeguarding features. Only two of the OSS sites, both being affiliated with a hospital, offered all of the features suggested by the literature to mitigate the potential for harm. Conclusions Despite the prevalence of chronic pain in young people and clear benefits to utilise support online, there is a paucity of available high-quality OSS available for access and support. When young people do go online with the hope to receive support, a safe space to share experiences may not be easily found. It appears an important opportunity is being missed for this group to foster social connections that may be unavailable offline. KEY POINTS What is already known about this topic: Young people with chronic pain experience higher degrees of social isolation and are more likely to have difficulties relating to peers. Given the accessibility, ubiquitous usage and the unmatched technology literacy of today’s youth, young people with chronic pain represent a unique population who would appear to benefit from online social support (OSS). Despite the prevalence of chronic pain in young people and clear benefits of OSS for this population, there is a paucity of research into the available OSS or associated outcome measures. What this topic adds: This article identifies the available English-language OSS worldwide for young people experiencing chronic pain. A rigorous internet search revealed only 11 OSS websites for young people with chronic pain worldwide. The “gold standard” website features explored in this paper may provide a framework to facilitate the development of improved OSS for young people with chronic pain. Given the prevalence, emotional and social and burden associated with chronic pain in young people, we posit the need for accessible and safe spaces to share experiences is timely.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43200225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative evaluations of women’s leadership programs: a global, multi-sector systematic review","authors":"Ann Τ. Gardiner, A. Chur-Hansen, Deborah Turnbull, C. Semmler","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2213781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2213781","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Objective The contribution of women’s leadership programs to gender change in organisations is controversial, and evidence of programs’ effectiveness is siloed across countries, sectors and industries. This systematic review aimed to provide a summary of current global efforts to evaluate women’s leadership programs. Method A systematic review protocol was registered with Open Science Framework prior to data extraction. Eight databases from multidisciplinary fields including (but not limited to) behavioural, social, physical, health and life sciences, management and business, and gender and women’s studies were searched for academic papers examining the outcomes of women’s leadership programs. Twenty-four studies were appraised for methodological quality using Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and 16 studies (11 peer reviewed articles and five theses) were included in the review. Results Data were synthesized using an updated Kirkpatrick typology with seven categories used to classify evaluation outcomes. Subjective outcome levels were addressed more frequently than objective levels. Promotion to a leadership position was the sole objective outcome addressed, but methodological limitations of the included studies mitigate a link between programs and women’s career advancement. Conclusions Currently, the global evidence of women’s leadership programs’ impact on individuals and organisations is inconclusive. This systematic review emphasises the need for enhanced methodological and theoretical rigour to guide the development of future women’s leadership programs and their evaluation. Key Points What is already known about this topic: Reasons for the persistent underrepresentation of women in leadership are multiple and complex, and women leaders face both structural and individual barriers in their efforts to ascend to the top levels of organisations. Research has largely moved away from a micro-level focus on how best to assimilate women into existing, male-dominated workplaces, to a focus on dismantling structural barriers to women’s leadership such as meso-level organisational policies and practices and macro-level national and societal factors such as culture and legislation. In practice, however, micro-level strategies to address gender imbalance in leadership are frequently employed, and there is much debate regarding their capacity to contribute to gender change in organisations. Our knowledge about the impact of women’s leadership programs is limited and fragmented, as is our understanding of how this impact is assessed. What this paper adds: This systematic review is the first to map the quality and nature of women’s leadership program evaluations globally, demonstrating the applicability of a systematic review methodology to leadership, management, and organisational psychology research. Our paper challenges the premise that individual level strategies can affect organisational and cultural change by examining the evidence of th","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48573444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing psychological distress in Australians before and during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Jack W. Klein, Garrett Tyler-Parker, B. Bastian","doi":"10.1080/00049530.2023.2207667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00049530.2023.2207667","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine if psychological distress has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to identify predictors of distress. Method: Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) scores from nationally representative Australian samples before (n = 955) and during (n = 1173) the pandemic were compared. The pandemic sample also completed additional COVID-19 attitudinal scales. Results: The pandemic sample reported significantly higher distress than the pre-pandemic sample, especially among Melbourne residents, women, and younger and older Australians. Stress attributed to COVID-19, feeling the pandemic management is out of control, and an unwillingness to vaccinate were also predictive of psychological distress. Conclusions: Women, youth, and Melbourne residents were most vulnerable to the negative effects of COVID-19 on wellbeing, while feelings related to a loss of control, stress about the virus, and vaccine hesitancy may have also contributed to psychological distress. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.","PeriodicalId":8871,"journal":{"name":"Australian Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44299140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}