Behavioral Ecology最新文献_第2页

Antagonistic effects of predator color morph abundance and saliency on prey anti-predator responses. 捕食者颜色、形态、丰度和显著性对捕食者反捕食反应的拮抗作用。

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-05-24 eCollection Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf059

S R Matchette, J Schneider, C Drerup, S Winters, A N Radford, J E Herbert-Read

{"title":"Antagonistic effects of predator color morph abundance and saliency on prey anti-predator responses.","authors":"S R Matchette, J Schneider, C Drerup, S Winters, A N Radford, J E Herbert-Read","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf059","url":null,"abstract":"The color polymorphisms of prey species are often maintained by apostatic selection. In particular, rarer morphs are thought to be at an advantage because attentional constraints result in predators forming search images, which are based on the most abundant prey morph. Predatory species can also be polymorphic and predator morph abundance may be maintained by a similar mechanism, given prey are also likely to form search images to ensure fast and appropriate anti-predatory responses. Alternatively, given that the predator polymorphism may be driven by other ecological factors (eg niche divergence or sexual selection), prey may instead be highly sensitive to the relative visual saliency of different predatory morphs, which in turn could impact predator morph abundance. Here, by combining empirical observations with a field experiment, we assessed how the relative abundance and saliency of different color morphs of the predatory trumpetfish (Aulostomus maculatus) influenced the behavioral responses of a typical prey species, the bicolor damselfish (Stegastes partitus). We found that more abundant predator color morphs were less salient in damselfish vision (relative to the background) than less abundant color morphs. By presenting 3D models of each morph to damselfish, we found that they did not respond differently to more abundant or more salient morphs. Our results suggest that both the relative abundance and saliency of predator morphs could contribute towards the search images used by prey. Specifically, each morph could have relatively equal detectability if their abundance and saliency have antagonistic effects on search-image formation in prey.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 4","pages":"araf059"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12202312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144526339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Parasitic mussels induce upstream movement in their fish hosts: early evidence of extended phenotype. 寄生贻贝诱导其鱼类宿主的上游运动：扩展表型的早期证据。

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-05-04 eCollection Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf043

Sebastian L Rock, P Anders Nilsson, Johan Watz, Olle Calles, Martin Österling

{"title":"Parasitic mussels induce upstream movement in their fish hosts: early evidence of extended phenotype.","authors":"Sebastian L Rock, P Anders Nilsson, Johan Watz, Olle Calles, Martin Österling","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf043","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf043","url":null,"abstract":"Parasites often have a large impact on their hosts and can alter host phenotype to increase their own fitness, a phenomenon known as extended phenotype. Studies demonstrating extended phenotype for non-trophically transmitted parasites are scarce. Unionid mussels have a parasitic life stage adapted to parasitize fish which can affect host behavior, habitat use and growth rates, raising the question if parasitic freshwater mussels can also manipulate their host fish to compensate for downstream dispersal and to reach habitats favorable for newly excysted juvenile mussels. Wild-caught, parasite-naïve juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) were PIT-tagged, and half of the individuals were infested with parasitic larvae from the freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera), all individuals were then returned to their home stream. During the following year, trout were tracked to investigate movement and habitat use, and also periodically recaptured to measure growth and body condition factor. The infested trout showed significantly higher upstream movement than non-infested trout and were more often recaptured in stream sections with slow-moving shallow water, particularly during the parasite excystment period (270 d post infestation). These data suggest that the juvenile mussels were successfully transported an average of 170 m upstream from the host trout release points to stream sections favorable for adult mussels. Infested trout survived as well as the non-infested, but had a significantly lower specific growth rate than non-infested trout. These results indicate a first example of extended phenotype in unionid mussels and highlight the importance of understanding glochidia-induced changes to host fish behavioral ecology.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 4","pages":"araf043"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12228058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144574777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Geographic differences in individual recognition linked with social but not nonsocial cognition. 个体认知的地理差异与社会认知有关，但与非社会认知无关。

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-05-03 eCollection Date: 2025-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf042

Juanita Pardo-Sanchez, So Eun Moon, Elizabeth A Tibbetts

{"title":"Geographic differences in individual recognition linked with social but not nonsocial cognition.","authors":"Juanita Pardo-Sanchez, So Eun Moon, Elizabeth A Tibbetts","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf042","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf042","url":null,"abstract":"Cognition is a complex trait with multiple components that may vary independently or in concert. Thus far, we know little about how geographic differences in behavior are linked with different aspects of cognition. Behavioral differences could be linked with cognition in three ways: with multiple aspects of cognition, some but not other aspects of cognition, or no cognitive differences. Here, we compare cognitive performance in two populations of Polistes fuscatus wasps that differ in their capacity for individual face recognition. Individual recognition involves keeping track of multiple individual relationships and responding appropriately, so it is thought to increase social complexity. As a result, we predicted Michigan wasps that use individual recognition may have better cognitive performance than Pennsylvania wasps that are not able to individually recognize conspecifics. We find that Michigan wasps are more adept at individual face learning than Pennsylvania wasps. However, the populations perform similarly on other cognitive tasks, including color learning and memory, reversal learning, and odor learning and memory. Therefore, population differences in social behavior affect individual face learning, but are not linked with generalized differences in cognition. These findings suggest that socially complex societies may influence the evolution of social cognition specifically.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 4","pages":"araf042"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12125709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144198220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Not all who wander are lost: prospecting and settlement of male floaters in the spotless starling. 并不是所有的流浪者都迷路了：在一尘不染的椋鸟中寻找和定居雄性漂浮物。

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-04-17 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf028

Iraida Redondo, Roger Fusté, Jaime Muriel, Eduardo Gómez-Llanos, Raquel Monclús, Lorenzo Pérez-Rodríguez, Diego Gil

{"title":"Not all who wander are lost: prospecting and settlement of male floaters in the spotless starling.","authors":"Iraida Redondo, Roger Fusté, Jaime Muriel, Eduardo Gómez-Llanos, Raquel Monclús, Lorenzo Pérez-Rodríguez, Diego Gil","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/araf028","url":null,"abstract":"Floaters are non-breeding individuals that lack a territory or a breeding site. In many species, they can be seen visiting the territories of conspecifics before obtaining their own breeding site. Prospecting behavior is hypothesized to benefit floaters through information acquisition, enhanced site familiarity and dominance over other floaters. Here, we used detections of PIT-tagged male floaters in a population of spotless starlings (Sturnus unicolor). We investigated how floater activity varied across breeding stages and how their visits influenced subsequent nest site selection. We also tested whether distance, reproductive success, and phenotype and fate of the former owner influenced final settlement. We found that floater activity increased during the nestling-rearing period as nestling age increased. Floaters were more likely to breed near the area where they had been detected the previous year, suggesting that prospecting allows males to secure a foothold in their future settlement area. Although prospecting was higher in nests with a higher number of nestlings, neither breeding success, phenotype, nor provisioning rate of the last owner were related to nest choice, suggesting that public information is not used by males to decide where to settle. However, we found that floaters were more likely to breed in nest boxes where the previous owner had disappeared from the colony, suggesting that visits by male floaters in this species allow them to detect new vacancies. Our results suggest that prospecting might serve several non-mutually exclusive functions. Further studies in non-saturated colonies could shed light on the functional aspects of prospecting.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 3","pages":"araf028"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Short-term increases in rival number improves single mating productivity in male Drosophila. 竞争对手数量的短期增加提高了雄性果蝇的单次交配生产力。

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-04-10 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf032

Lily Amos, Stuart Wigby, Liam R Dougherty

{"title":"Short-term increases in rival number improves single mating productivity in male Drosophila.","authors":"Lily Amos, Stuart Wigby, Liam R Dougherty","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf032","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf032","url":null,"abstract":"In variable environments, animals can change their reproductive behaviors and physiology to maximize reproductive returns. Natural environments vary in multifaceted ways, and animals may need to integrate multiple social or physical cues to adopt the most effective behavioral strategy. In a fully factorial 2 × 2 × 2 experiment, we exposed males to three factors: the number of rivals (10 or 30), food availability (present/absent) and mechanical shaking (present/absent). After 60 min of exposure, we recorded the male's mating latency, copulation duration and the number of offspring produced after a single mating. We also noted the latency of the males partner to remate with a stock male 24 h later. When rival number was increased from 10 per vial to 30 per vial, males sired more offspring. Males also varied their copulation duration and mating latency in response to the number of rivals, but in a condition-dependent manner. In the absence of vortexing, males mated for a shorter time when kept with 30 rivals, but the opposite was observed when males were vortexed. When males were fed and held in groups of 30, they took longer to begin mating compared to the other treatments. Our findings are consistent with the idea that male Drosophila integrate social cues to respond to levels of sperm competition and plastically allocate their ejaculate, but we have demonstrated that they can occur more rapidly (1 h) than previously thought (>24 h). Overall, our data highlight that combinatorial approaches can reveal new relationships between environment and behavior.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 3","pages":"araf032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12080552/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144075737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ecological contexts shape sexual selection on male color morphs in wood tiger moths. 生态环境影响了木虎蛾雄性色型的性选择。

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-03-31 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf027

Eetu Selenius, Chiara De Pasqual, Matleena Hänninen, Liisa Kartano, Sandra Winters, Johanna Mappes

{"title":"Ecological contexts shape sexual selection on male color morphs in wood tiger moths.","authors":"Eetu Selenius, Chiara De Pasqual, Matleena Hänninen, Liisa Kartano, Sandra Winters, Johanna Mappes","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/araf027","url":null,"abstract":"Color polymorphisms in natural populations often reflect the interplay between various selective pressures, such as natural and sexual selection. In this study, we investigate the dynamics of sexual selection operating on color polymorphism in wood tiger moths under different ecological contexts. Wood tiger moths exhibit polymorphism in male hindwing coloration, with individuals possessing one or two dominant W alleles displaying two forms of white coloration that differ in their UV reflectance (WW, Wy), while those with two recessive y alleles exhibit yellow coloration (yy). Females carry the color alleles, but do not express them phenotypically. We performed two mate choice experiments that simulated two ecological conditions: one with limited morph availability and low male encounter rates and the other with all morphs present and high potential for male encounters. We demonstrate that WW males experience higher overall mating success compared to yy males, irrespective of the presence of Wy males and male encounter rates. Surprisingly, mating with a WW male does not confer direct reproductive benefits to females in terms of lifetime reproductive success; instead, Wy females exhibit overall higher reproductive success regardless of their mating partner. Although the precise mechanism driving the higher mating success of WW males remains unclear, a temporal decline in mating success of WW males indicates potential differences in male mating strategies. Our findings suggest that despite the higher mating success of homozygote white males over homozygote yellow males, polymorphism likely persists due to the reproductive advantage of heterozygous individuals or other balancing selective forces.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 3","pages":"araf027"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12035817/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

How animals discriminate between stimulus magnitudes: a meta-analysis. 动物如何区分刺激强度：一项荟萃分析。

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-03-24 eCollection Date: 2025-05-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf025

Megan Z Worsley, Julia Schroeder, Tanmay Dixit

{"title":"How animals discriminate between stimulus magnitudes: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Megan Z Worsley, Julia Schroeder, Tanmay Dixit","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/beheco/araf025","url":null,"abstract":"To maximize their fitness, animals must often discriminate between stimuli differing in magnitude (such as size, intensity, or number). Weber's Law of proportional processing states that stimuli are compared based on the proportional difference in magnitude, rather than the absolute difference. Weber's Law implies that when stimulus magnitudes are higher, it becomes harder to discriminate small differences between stimuli, leading to more discrimination errors. More generally, we can refer to a correlation between stimulus magnitude and discrimination error frequency as a magnitude effect, with Weber's law being a special case of the magnitude effect. However, the strength and prevalence of the magnitude effect across species have never previously been examined. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis to quantify the strength of the magnitude effect across studies, finding that, on average, perception followed Weber's Law. However, the strength of the magnitude effect varied widely, and this variation was not explained by any biological or methodological differences between studies that we examined. Our findings suggest that although its strength varies considerably, the magnitude effect is commonplace, and this sensory bias is therefore likely to affect signal evolution across diverse systems. Better discrimination at lower magnitudes might result in signalers evolving lower magnitude signals when being discriminated is beneficial, and higher magnitude signals when being discriminated is costly. Furthermore, selection for higher magnitude signals (eg sexual ornaments) may be weakened, because receivers are less able to discriminate as signal magnitudes increase.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 3","pages":"araf025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12059214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synchronising anti-predator behavior in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. 红粉甲虫的同步反捕食行为。

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-02-18 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf013

Kentarou Matsumura

{"title":"Synchronising anti-predator behavior in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum.","authors":"Kentarou Matsumura","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf013","url":null,"abstract":"In many animals, a phenomenon is often observed in which behavior depends on population density and many individuals within the group synchronize their state of behavior to some extent, and theoretical studies have suggested that this synchronization phenomenon is adaptive for predation avoidance. Moreover, death-feigning behavior (DF) has been observed as an anti-predator strategy in many animals. There are large individual differences in the duration of DF, and the optimal duration of DF often varies depending on the situation. Therefore, although it is expected that prey may synchronize with others around them for an optimal DF duration, there are few experimental studies testing this hypothesis. This study investigated whether DF duration varies with and without other individuals, and whether it synchronized with the DF duration of other individuals, in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum. This study used populations with genetically longer (L-population) and shorter (S-population) DF duration and measured DF duration when maintained alone and cohabitated with individuals from the L- and S-populations, respectively. The results showed that the DF duration of individuals living alone increased significantly compared to pretreatment. Moreover, individuals that cohabitated with S populations were significantly shorter after cohabitation, but the presence of the L population did not cause any changes in how individuals synchronized their activities. When many individuals had shorter DF durations, DF was synchronized towards shorter durations. This is the first study to illustrate the synchronization of anti-predator behavior in terms of DF behavior.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 2","pages":"araf013"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11894372/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human-induced pheromone pollution leads to changes in alternative mating tactics of moths. 人类诱导的信息素污染导致飞蛾交配策略的变化。

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-02-12 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf010

Shevy Waner Rips, Michal Motro, Uzi Motro, Oren Kolodny, Ally Harari

{"title":"Human-induced pheromone pollution leads to changes in alternative mating tactics of moths.","authors":"Shevy Waner Rips, Michal Motro, Uzi Motro, Oren Kolodny, Ally Harari","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf010","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental changes driven by anthropogenic activities often disrupt animal communication and mating behavior. Consequently, these changes may force animals to adopt alternative mating tactics and strategies to find a mate. The mating disruption technique is an environmentally friendly tactic often used to control the pink-bollworm moth population in cotton fields. Though mating disruption is eco-friendly, it represents a Human-Induced Rapid Environmental Change for the targeted moths. Mating disruption involves spreading a synthetic version of the species-specific sex pheromone in the field, creating a pheromone-polluted environment, making it difficult for male moths to locate females and thereby reducing mating rates. We hypothesized that the intense sexual selection and environmental changes affecting communication would lead moths to increase their use of alternative mating strategies. An observed alternative mating behavior in male pink bollworm moths is disturbing mating pairs to displace the male and mate with the female. We compared this behavior between two populations and found that males long exposed to mating disruption disturbed mating pairs more frequently than those never exposed to it. In addition, males with a prolonged history of exposure to mating disruption showed reduced choosiness of females and increased their mating rate with small females of lower reproductive potential. The success rate of the observed couple disturbance was low. Nonetheless, this strategy, alongside other strategies, may contribute to the males' reproductive success when facing the additional challenge of locating females due to the pheromone-polluted environment.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 2","pages":"araf010"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11880664/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prey or protection? Access to food alters individual responses to competition in black widow spiders. 猎物还是保护？获取食物会改变黑寡妇蜘蛛个体对竞争的反应。

IF 2.5 3区环境科学与生态学

Behavioral Ecology Pub Date : 2025-02-06 eCollection Date: 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1093/beheco/araf011

Tom Ratz, Pierre-Olivier Montiglio

{"title":"Prey or protection? Access to food alters individual responses to competition in black widow spiders.","authors":"Tom Ratz, Pierre-Olivier Montiglio","doi":"10.1093/beheco/araf011","DOIUrl":"10.1093/beheco/araf011","url":null,"abstract":"Animals influence the phenotype and reproductive success of their conspecifics through competitive interactions. Such effects of competition can alter the intensity of selection and ultimately change the rate of evolution. However, the magnitude of the effects of competition, and their evolutionary impact, should vary depending on environmental conditions and individual responses among competitors. We tested whether a key environmental variable, resource availability, affects the response to competition in black widow spiders by manipulating access to prey and the level of competition. We examined if focal spiders modify their web structure and aggressiveness towards prey stimuli when a competitor is present, and whether these responses depend on prior prey access. We also tested if any effects of competition vary with individual differences among competitors. Access to resources changed how individuals respond to competition. Spiders with limited access to prey were less likely to attack prey stimuli in the presence of a conspecific competitor than spiders with greater access to prey, suggesting that limiting resources hinders competitive responses. In contrast, all spiders built better-protected webs in the presence of competitors, regardless of prior access to prey. Crucially, these responses differed among focal spiders and depended on individual competitors. Our findings highlight the importance of environmental conditions and individual differences in mediating the impact of social interactions on phenotypes and eventually on their evolution.","PeriodicalId":8840,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral Ecology","volume":"36 2","pages":"araf011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11851065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143498274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0