Behavioural Brain Research最新文献

{"title":"Concurrent Serial Feature Negative and Simple Discrimination Training and Testing in the Mouse","authors":"Negar Ghasem Ardabili ,&nbsp;Jordyn Pettiford ,&nbsp;Alexia Hyde ,&nbsp;Charlotte Airosus ,&nbsp;Anthony L. Riley ,&nbsp;Terry. L. Davidson","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prior research shows that rats can solve serial feature negative (serFN) and simple discrimination (SD) problems when both are trained concurrently. Furthermore, previous studies indicate that the solution to the serFN (but not the SD) problem depends on the functional integrity of the hippocampus. The present research aimed to determine if mice solve the serFN problem and if this is solved in a manner mediated by inhibitory modulation similar to that seen in rats. Establishing if mice, like rats, can solve the serFN problem using a potentially hippocampal-dependent strategy would provide researchers with greater flexibility when selecting research tools to investigate hippocampal-dependent memory functioning. In Experiment 1, male and female C57BL6J mice were concurrently trained on serFN (Light→Tone−, Tone+) and SD (Clicker+, White Noise−) problems, following which they were injected with cocaine. Animals acquired both discriminations, and subsequent performance was not affected by cocaine administration (unlike impairments reported with rats). Summation and retardation tests argued against a direct inhibitory association for serFN performance and indicated a modulatory form of inhibition. In Experiment 2, male and female C57BL6J mice were similarly trained on serFN and SD problems and then exposed to a Western-style diet for 12 days following training. Animals acquired both discriminations. Western diet consumption selectively impaired serFN performance while leaving SD performance intact (similar to effects reported in rats). Together, these findings demonstrate that mice can solve serFN discrimination. The basis for such learning appears to be modulatory inhibitory control, possibly mediated by the hippocampus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"504 ","pages":"Article 116100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxin-induced conditioned disgust responses: Comparing emetine and scopolamine methyl nitrate (SMN) to lithium chloride (LiCl)","authors":"Grace E. Lake ,&nbsp;Lily Wang ,&nbsp;Mustafa Al-Khudairy ,&nbsp;Martin Kavaliers ,&nbsp;Klaus-Peter Ossenkopp","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemotherapy patients often develop anticipatory nausea, a learned response produced by an environmental cue triggering nausea in the absence of the emetic stimulus. This can be modelled in rats by pairing the administration of an emetic treatment with exposure to a distinct context. Rats are a non-emetic species, but they are still capable of experiencing nausea, which is observable through the presence of the gaping response. The rat model of anticipatory nausea mainly utilizes lithium chloride (LiCl) to evoke the gaping response, yet various other putative emetic toxins and agents have remained unexplored. The current study determined if emetine, found in ipecac, and scopolamine methyl nitrate (SMN), a derivative of scopolamine, can evoke the conditioned gaping response. Adult male Long Evans rats (<em>n</em> = 40) were administered emetine (5.0 mg/kg, intraperitoneal [i.p.]), SMN (0.5 or 1.0 mg/kg, i.p.), LiCl (127 mg/kg, i.p.), or sodium chloride (NaCl, 0.9 %, i.p., control) before exposure to a distinct context for 30 min, over four conditioning trials, followed by four extinction (drug-free) trials. During the extinction trials, no treatments were administered, and rats were placed directly into the context. Rat behaviour on all of the trials was videotaped and scored for the frequency of the conditioned gaping response. Findings from this study suggest that, in comparison to LiCl, emetine is an effective conditioning stimulus, whereas SMN is not.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"504 ","pages":"Article 116087"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146140889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep deprivation-induced TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway dysregulation worsens cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s Disease","authors":"Tianhao Liu ,&nbsp;Yanqing Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinjia Li ,&nbsp;Siyu Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoran Zhu ,&nbsp;Yanhong Ren ,&nbsp;Rundong Han ,&nbsp;Kechun Liu ,&nbsp;Chen Sun ,&nbsp;Xiuna Ji ,&nbsp;Xiuhua Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116058","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder. It has motor symptoms and non motor symptoms, like cognitive impairment, sleep disturbance. Studies show PD patient with sleep disorders show more severe cognitive impairment. To investigate the underlying mechanisms, we used a PD zebrafish model induced by 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and simulated insomnia by sleep deprivation (SD). Behavioral tests showed that SD exacerbated cognitive impairment. SD aggravated vascular loss and dopaminergic neuron damage. RT-qPCR analysis revealed the highest expression levels of Toll Like Receptor 4 (tlr-4), Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response 88 (myd88), Nuclear Factor Kappa B (nfκb), Caspase 3 (casp3), BCL2 Associated X, Apoptosis Regulator (bax) in the SD co-treatment group, indicating maximal Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4)/Myeloid Differentiation Primary Response 88 (MyD88)/Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) pathway activation and apoptosis levels, while Autophagy Related 5 (atg5) expression was lowest, indicating severe autophagy dysfunction. ELISA detected the highest levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, indicating maximal neuroinflammation. This study clarified the mechanism of SD exacerbating PD cognitive impairment: SD upregulates the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, which intensifies neuroinflammation and apoptosis and led to autophagy dysfunction. This study revealed the potential mechanism between sleep disturbance and cognitive impairment in PD patients, provided a theoretical basis for the therapies targeting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway, holds significant clinical significance for enhancing the quality of life of PD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"504 ","pages":"Article 116058"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146040290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting the prefrontal-supplementary motor network with online and offline tDCS to modulate disgust: A single-blind and sham-controlled study","authors":"Parastoo Soltani ,&nbsp;Zekrollah Morovati ,&nbsp;Majid Yousefi Afrashteh ,&nbsp;Jakob Fink-Lamotte ,&nbsp;Jaber Alizadehgoradel","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In certain individuals, disgust experience is abnormally high. This heightened sensitivity serves as a cognitive component that can lead to dysfunction in neural circuits related to emotion processing and psychological disorders such as contamination-based obsessive-compulsive disorder. In this single-blind study, 36 individuals with high disgust sensitivity were randomly assigned to three groups: online, offline, and sham. The online group received intensified and repetitive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) while performing a disgust image watching task, whereas the offline and sham groups performed the task at two time points: immediately before (pre-test) and immediately after (post-test) the stimulation session. The offline group received active tDCS, whereas the sham group received placebo tDCS to control for the interval duration. Anodal and cathodal stimulation was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (<span>l</span>-DLPFC; F3) and pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA; FC2), respectively. The intervention consisted of 10 sessions of tDCS (2 sessions per day) over 5 days, with a stimulation intensity of 2 mA for 20 min and a 20-minute interval between sessions. The results showed a significant decrease in disgust experience in the online group compared to the offline group, while there was no significant difference between the online and sham groups. Although these findings suggest potential effects of tDCS combined with a task, further studies are necessary to confirm its efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"504 ","pages":"Article 116077"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146117579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between executive dysfunction and mild to severe upper extremity deficits in stroke survivors: A resting state functional near-infrared spectroscopy study","authors":"Man Wang ,&nbsp;Lijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Cheng Xie ,&nbsp;Zhaoxu Hu ,&nbsp;Ru Ya ,&nbsp;Hao Huang ,&nbsp;Changhui Sun ,&nbsp;Yulong Bai ,&nbsp;Yan Hua","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objects</h3><div>We aimed to observe the association between executive function and mild to severe upper extremity deficits in stroke survivors. Meanwhile, applying functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate the resting-state functional connectivity (FC) patterns of patients with post-stroke executive impairment (PSEI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>122 stroke survivors with mild to severe upper extremity deficits were enrolled. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Stroop color-word test assessed cognitive and executive function. The Fugl-Meyer assessment of the upper extremity (FMA-UE) and Action Research Arm Test (ARAT) assessed motor function. They were collected fNIRS data at the resting state.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>(1) In patients with mild to moderate upper extremity deficits, PSEI patients exhibited decreased speed/coordination of the upper extremity compared to the NPSEI patients (P &lt; 0.05). The MoCA (r = 0.280, P = 0.047) and FAB (r = 0.358, P = 0.010) were associated with the speed/coordination. PSEI patients showed a decreased FC between the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the right Pre-Motor and Supplementary Motor Cortex (PreM&amp;SMC), the right primary Somatosensory Cortex (PSMC) (P &lt; 0.05); (2) In patients with severe upper extremity deficits, PSEI patients showed a reduction in FMA and ARAT (P &lt; 0.05). The MoCA was associated with ARAT (r = 0.296, P = 0.016) and FMA-UE (r = 0.317, P = 0.009). The FAB was related to ARAT (r = 0.263, P = 0.033) and FMA-UE (r = 0.295, P = 0.016). PSEI patients did not show a significant change in FC (P ＞ 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study suggests that the association between executive function and upper extremity after stroke is associated with the degree of upper extremity deficits. Additionally, the FC among cortical and subcortical brain regions were different with varying degrees of upper extremity deficits in PSEI patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"504 ","pages":"Article 116082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146131112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influences of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) and cognitive reappraisal on emotions and aggression following social exclusion","authors":"Yu Ding ,&nbsp;Chenjia He ,&nbsp;Hanjun Li,&nbsp;Jia Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social exclusion can trigger negative emotions and aggressive behavior, while emotion regulation strategies and neuromodulation techniques may mitigate these effects. This study employed a 2 × 2 factorial design to investigate the impacts of high-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) and cognitive reappraisal on emotions and aggression following social exclusion. Thirty-two university students were randomly assigned to four groups: active HD-tDCS + cognitive reappraisal, sham HD-tDCS + cognitive reappraisal, active HD-tDCS + no reappraisal, and sham HD-tDCS + no reappraisal. Results showed that active HD-tDCS significantly reduced aggressive behavior in both the Competitive Reaction Time Task and Job-relevant Evaluations Task, likely by enhancing prefrontal regulatory control. Cognitive reappraisal significantly decreased negative emotions but did not directly reduce aggressive behavior, suggesting a dissociation between emotional and behavioral regulation pathways. No significant interaction was found between HD-tDCS and cognitive reappraisal, possibly due to their independent neural mechanisms. These findings highlight the potential of HD-tDCS and cognitive reappraisal as interventions for social exclusion-induced aggression and emotional dysregulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"504 ","pages":"Article 116083"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146140920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term behavioral and physiological consequences of developmental group size history in mice","authors":"Yoshihiro Tanaka ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Ueno ,&nbsp;Eriko Kitano ,&nbsp;Yu Takahashi ,&nbsp;Sachiko Mori ,&nbsp;Shinji Murakami ,&nbsp;Kenta Wani ,&nbsp;Yosuke Matsumoto ,&nbsp;Motoi Okamoto ,&nbsp;Takeshi Ishihara","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The social environment during development is a critical determinant of adult mental and physical health. While extreme conditions like social isolation are well-studied, the long-term impact of variations in group size during the post-weaning developmental period remains less understood. This study investigates how developmental social density shapes adult behavioral and physiological reactivity, specifically examining whether behavioral phenotypes induced by housing in a larger group persist after the group size is reduced in adulthood. Male C57BL/6 N mice were housed in groups of either six (6–3 group) or three (3–3 group) from postnatal weeks 3–8. At week 8, the number of mice in the 6–3 group cages was reduced to three to match the 3–3 group. Physiological and behavioral assessments, including tests for anxiety-like behavior, locomotor activity, sociality, and working memory, as well as serum corticosterone measurements, were initiated from week 9. Mice with a history of being housed in a larger group (6–3 group) exhibited persistent physiological impairments, including significantly suppressed weight gain, reduced forelimb grip strength, and increased pain sensitivity. Behaviorally, however, the 6–3 group displayed a unique phenotype characterized by reduced anxiety-like behavior in the light/dark transition test and consistently increased spontaneous activity in the open field, social interaction, and Y-maze tests. Furthermore, the 6–3 group showed improved spatial working memory performance and significantly lower serum corticosterone levels compared with the 3–3 group. These findings demonstrate that being reared in a larger group during the critical post-weaning developmental period induces a persistent behavioral and physiological phenotype that remains after the group size is matched to the 3–3 group in adulthood. This state is characterized by behavioral hyper-reactivity and neuroendocrine adjustment, representing a long-term scar of the early-life social environment. This study highlights the profound influence of developmental social history on adult traits and provides a framework for understanding how the early-life social environment dictates the long-term stability of physiological and behavioral phenotypes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"504 ","pages":"Article 116079"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146123540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic integration nominates FOXN2 as a candidate schizophrenia risk gene","authors":"Ling Yu ,&nbsp;Jian Chen ,&nbsp;Shanshan Du ,&nbsp;Qing Long ,&nbsp;Zeyi Guo ,&nbsp;Yilin Liu ,&nbsp;Fuyi Qin ,&nbsp;Mengxue Wang ,&nbsp;Raoxiang Luo ,&nbsp;Yunqiao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yong Zeng ,&nbsp;Zhaowei Teng","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116068","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Schizophrenia (SCZ) is increasingly recognized as a complex, systemic disorder involving interactions between the central nervous system and peripheral biological processes. Growing evidence implicates dysregulation of the gut–brain axis in SCZ pathophysiology; however, the genetic mechanisms linking schizophrenia susceptibility to gut-related biological pathways remain poorly understood, particularly with respect to causal gene prioritization across tissues.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;To address this gap, we conducted a cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) using FUSION across five tissues relevant to brain–gut interactions, including the hippocampus, frontal cortex (BA9), transverse colon, sigmoid colon, and whole blood. Candidate genes were further prioritized using MAGMA gene-based analysis based on schizophrenia genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium and the IEU Open GWAS project. Integrative analyses combining summary-data–based Mendelian randomization (SMR) and Bayesian colocalization (PP.H4 &gt; 0.75) were applied to refine candidate gene selection. Expression of the top candidate gene was examined by RT-qPCR in peripheral blood samples from 19 patients with SCZ and 21 healthy controls. Finally, two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were performed to explore potential associations between the prioritized gene and 205 gut microbial metabolic pathways.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Cross-tissue integration of TWAS, MAGMA, and SMR identified five convergent schizophrenia susceptibility genes: &lt;em&gt;TVP23B, NSUN2, RPL12, FOXN2&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;THAP5&lt;/em&gt;. Bayesian colocalization analysis highlighted &lt;em&gt;FOXN2&lt;/em&gt; as the most robust candidate (PP.H4 =0.995). RT-qPCR analysis demonstrated significantly lower &lt;em&gt;FOXN2&lt;/em&gt; expression in peripheral blood from patients with schizophrenia compared with healthy controls (mean ± SD: 0.72 ± 0.64 vs.1.13 ± 0.42; &lt;em&gt;t&lt;/em&gt; = 2.34, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02). In two-sample MR analyses, genetically proxied &lt;em&gt;FOXN2&lt;/em&gt; expression was modestly but significantly associated with 10 gut microbial metabolic pathways after false discovery rate correction, suggesting potential links between schizophrenia risk genes and gut microbial metabolic processes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Limitations&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study relies on cis-eQTL–based transcriptomic integration and assumes a single causal variant in colocalization analyses. The number of available MR instruments was limited, and the clinical validation sample size was modest, with residual confounding not fully excluded. In addition, the GWAS and eQTL datasets were predominantly derived from populations of European ancestry, which may limit generalizability. The observed associations between &lt;em&gt;FOXN2&lt;/em&gt; and gut microbial metabolic pathways should therefore be considered exploratory and require further functional validation.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"504 ","pages":"Article 116068"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146091742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural mechanisms of enhanced emotional experience during live sports viewing: Multimodal evidence from fNIRS and EEG","authors":"Jiajia Yu ,&nbsp;Le Liu ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Ying Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The real-time nature and outcome uncertainty of live sports viewing can shape viewer’ emotional experiences through suspense, yet the neural mechanisms remain unclear. This study employed simultaneous fNIRS–EEG recording, combined with behavioral measures, to systematically examine suspense-driven emotional arousal and its neural basis during live versus replayed table tennis matches. Behaviorally, participants reported significantly stronger suspense, higher emotional arousal, and greater pleasure in the live condition compared to the replay condition. Neuroimaging results showed that live viewing selectively activated the left frontal cortex and increased β-band oscillatory activity in both the left frontal and left parietal regions. The simultaneous fNIRS–EEG analysis further revealed a significant increase in neurovascular coupling efficiency within the left frontal cortex during live viewing, suggesting that suspense-related cognitive load facilitates neural-metabolic coordination. Mediation analysis demonstrated that left frontal activation partially mediated the relationship between suspense perception and emotional arousal, whereas left frontal β-band oscillatory activity did not show a significant mediating effect in the pathway from suspense perception to emotional arousal. Together, these multimodal findings reveal a left frontal cognitive–emotional integration mechanism through which live sports viewing, driven by suspense, enhances emotional experience. The results provide novel empirical evidence for the neural pathways by which suspense in non-fictional media modulates emotional processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"504 ","pages":"Article 116086"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146172404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male paternal exposure to predatory risk during adolescence alters offspring antipredator behavior and basal HPA axis activity in Brandt’s voles","authors":"Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Taoxiu Zhou ,&nbsp;Yinyue Gu,&nbsp;Xinyi Lan,&nbsp;Wanhong Wei,&nbsp;Ruiyong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2026.116073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescent stress not only exerts enduring effects on individual behavior and physiology, but also shapes offspring phenotypes through mechanisms of transgenerational inheritance. However, the transgenerational effects of predation risk, an important ecological factor, remain poorly characterized in wild, social rodents. Using male Brandt's voles (<em>Lasiopodomys brandtii</em>) as a model, this study systematically investigated the transgenerational effect of adolescent exposure to cat urine, rabbit urine (as a non-predator stimulus), and distilled water (as a control) for 60 min daily over 18 consecutive days on the behavioral and physiological traits of future offspring. Our data showed that while male paternal adolescent cat odor (CO) exposure did not significantly alter overall parental investment by either parent, it induced significant phenotypic changes in offspring. These included an increased female ratio at weaning and reduced post-weaning weight gain. Furthermore, adolescent offspring exhibited decreased locomotor activity in the open field test, while adult offspring displayed heightened vigilant rearing and reduced head-out behavior when confronted with CO exposure. These behavioral and developmental alterations were accompanied by elevated serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone, suggesting enhanced basal activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. These findings demonstrate that male paternal experience with predation risk during adolescence can transgenerationally regulate the sex ratio, growth and development, stress response, and antipredator strategies of future offspring, independent of alterations in parental investment in wild, social rodents. This study elucidates the unique role of the paternal lineage in the transgenerational inheritance of early adversity and provides further experimental evidence for understanding how environmental stress drives adaptive phenotypic transmission across generations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"504 ","pages":"Article 116073"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146103648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}