{"title":"Depression in chronic kidney disease: Particularities, specific mechanisms and therapeutic considerations, a narrative review","authors":"Antoine Lefrère , Stéphane Burtey , Stanislas Bobot , Raoul Belzeaux , Mickaël Bobot","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Depression is highly prevalent during chronic kidney disease (CKD) with studies suggesting prevalence rates ranging from approximately one-quarter to half of CKD patients. CKD and depression have a bidirectional relationship, each disorder aggravating the other, leading to more complex and challenging patient management. Depression during CKD is multifactorial and is associated with increased risk of adverse events and hospitalization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a narrative review of experimental and observational studies in animals and humans, as well as meta-analyses, to explore specific mechanisms of depression in CKD and its treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In depression the gut-brain axis is central. CKD leads to an accumulation of gut-derived uremic toxins. One key factor is the accumulation of tryptophan-derived uremic toxins like kynurenines or indoxyl sulfate, whose serum concentration increases progressively with the stage of CKD (up to 100-fold in stage 5), and which plays an important role in depression mechanisms, by activating aryl hydrocarbon receptor, decreasing brain concentrations of serotonin by approximately 40 %, increasing brain inflammation, via activation of microglia and astrocytes and release of TNFα, IL-6 and NO. Randomized controlled studies found limited or no benefits of antidepressants for depressive symptoms in CKD and hemodialysis patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Chronic inflammation, in relation to uremic toxin accumulation during CKD, seems to be a complex but important mechanism for treatment resistance in depression. Future research should consider inhibitors of uremic toxins inhibitors and anti-inflammatory molecules as potential therapeutic agents, to improve the prognosis of depression in CKD patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"483 ","pages":"Article 115467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yumi Watanabe Chagas, Pedro Alves S. Vaz de Castro, Ana Cristina Simões-e-Silva
{"title":"Neuroinflammation in kidney disease and dialysis","authors":"Yumi Watanabe Chagas, Pedro Alves S. Vaz de Castro, Ana Cristina Simões-e-Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The complex relationship between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and neuroinflammation shows how important immunological processes are in mediating cognitive dysfunction and psychiatric symptoms in this disease. Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-1β and IL-6, are capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, and, consequently, may contribute to neuropsychiatric symptoms including anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment in CKD patients. The peptides of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), with their dual functions in inflammation and neuroprotection, also highlight the intricate immunological mechanisms operating within the kidney-brain axis. Understanding these immunological pathways is essential for developing targeted interventions to modulate neuroinflammation and improve cognitive outcomes in individuals with CKD. Further research in renal immunology and neuroinflammation holds promise for advancing our understanding of the intricate connections between kidney health, brain function, and immune responses in the context of CKD. This review summarizes the critical role of immunological factors in the pathophysiology of CKD-related cognitive impairment and psychiatric disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"483 ","pages":"Article 115465"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kübra Akıllıoğlu , Seda Köse Korkmaz , Meltem Dönmez Kutlu
{"title":"The effect of caffeine in a model of schizophrenia-like behavior induced by MK-801 in mice","authors":"Kübra Akıllıoğlu , Seda Köse Korkmaz , Meltem Dönmez Kutlu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115468","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115468","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The blockade of NMDA receptors during early developmental stages is accepted as a model for schizophrenia-like behavior. This study aimed to investigate the effects of caffeine on adult behaviors in mice subjected to tests of schizophrenia-like behaviors induced by the NMDA receptor antagonist MK-801.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>MK-801 (0.25 mg/kg, twice daily, 0.1 ml/10 g body weight, intraperitoneally) was administered to Balb/c mice during PND 7–10 to establish a schizophrenia-like behavior model. In one group, caffeine (10 mg/kg, twice daily, 0.1 ml/10 g body weight, intraperitoneally) was given 30 min after MK-801 administration. In another group, MK-801 was administered 30 min after caffeine injection. At 8–10 weeks of age, behavioral tests were performed sequentially: open field test (OFT), elevated plus maze test (EPM), Morris water maze test (MWM), and social interaction test.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>MK-801 administration significantly increased anxiety-like behaviors and decreased exploratory behavior in the OFT by reducing the time spent in the center, the frequency of center entries, and rearing frequency, while increasing the latency to the first center entry. In the EPM, MK-801 significantly decreased the time spent in the open arms, the frequency of open arm entries, and the head-dipping behavior of the open arm while increasing the time spent in the closed arms and the latency to the first open arm entry. In the MWM, MK-801 impaired learning and memory performance. MK-801 reduced social interaction. Caffeine reversed the anxiety, social interaction, learning, and memory impairments caused by MK-801.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MK-801 administration during the neonatal period induces schizophrenia-like behaviors in adulthood, whereas low-dose caffeine can mitigate these effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"483 ","pages":"Article 115468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
QiangYan Che , Chunhua Xi , Yunlin Sun , Xingyu Zhao , Lei Wang , Ke Wu , Junyu Mao , Xinyu Huang , Kai Wang , Yanghua Tian , Rong Ye , Fengqiong Yu
{"title":"EEG microstate as a biomarker of personalized transcranial magnetic stimulation treatment on anhedonia in depression","authors":"QiangYan Che , Chunhua Xi , Yunlin Sun , Xingyu Zhao , Lei Wang , Ke Wu , Junyu Mao , Xinyu Huang , Kai Wang , Yanghua Tian , Rong Ye , Fengqiong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anhedonia, a core feature of major depressive disorder (MDD), presents significant treatment challenges with conventional methods. Circuit-targeted, personalized repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has shown potentiation by focusing on disruptions in specific networks related to anhedonia. However, how rTMS modulates brain network dynamics in anhedonia is not yet fully understood. This research sought to explore these effects using EEG microstate analysis. In this double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled study, resting-state functional MRI was employed to pinpoint the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) region that exhibited the strongest functional connectivity to the nucleus accumbens (NAcc), used as the target for rTMS stimulation. Rest-state EEG data from 49 depressive patients with anhedonia(active=26, sham=23) were analyzed both at baseline and after treatment. In addition, a group of 15 healthy participants was included to serve as baseline controls. Resting-state EEG data were collected at baseline and post-treatment. Using polarity-insensitive k-means clustering, EEG microstates were segmented into five categories (A-E). Circuit-targeted rTMS significantly alleviated symptoms of anhedonia and depression. Compared to healthy controls, patients with anhedonia showed reduced microstate B and C occurrence, along with increased microstate D duration. After rTMS targeting the DLPFC-NAcc pathway, the active treatment group exhibited normalization of microstate C occurrence and a reduction in microstate E duration. Notably, the increase in microstate C was significantly correlated with improvements in anticipatory anhedonia, and these changes were observed specifically in treatment responders. The findings suggest that microstate C is linked to anhedonia and could serve as a reliable biomarker for personalized rTMS treatment. These results provide insights into the neural mechanisms underlying rTMS for anhedonia and highlight the potential of EEG microstate analysis in guiding personalized treatment strategies for depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"483 ","pages":"Article 115463"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143373495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eamonn Eeles , Dana Pourzinal , Jalal Baland , Julian Ray
{"title":"Schrödinger’s cat and mouse: An adapted thought experiment for the context of consciousness","authors":"Eamonn Eeles , Dana Pourzinal , Jalal Baland , Julian Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115459","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115459","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Consciousness, at its simplest, represents awareness of self in relation to the outside world. This can be divided further into the reasoning and rationality of Access consciousness (A-C) versus the experiential and ‘what it’s like’ of Phenomenal consciousness (P-C). A-C is directly measurable, using standard tests of cognition and memory. However, owing to the subjective nature of P-C, its direct testability remains problematic. We have previously derived indirect measures of P-C that incorporates a combination of subjective questions that are informed by objective dimensions of A-C. This battery of questions have shown sound proof of principle but have not yet been fully tested in the clinical space. As a bridge to clinical validation and in the challenge of a quantification gap, a thought experiment (TE) provides supporting evidence from the philosophy of science. We propose testing the foundational principles upon which operationalization of P-C questions has been designed through the prism of such a TE. We identified that a late-stage theory confirmation type of TE was appropriate for context. In the absence of suitable candidate TEs from cognitive science, we explored adaptation of a classical thought experiment from quantum physics. The ‘Schrödinger’s cat’ TE was refined for purpose into a novel ‘Schrödinger’s cat and mouse’ TE. Using this novel TE, our stated theories on consciousness, specifically P-C, and means of testing resonate with disorders of consciousness, not least delirium.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"483 ","pages":"Article 115459"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143254485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of neonatal N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor blockade on social facilitation of feeding behavior in adult rats","authors":"Hiroki Furuie , Masatoshi Ukezono , Takashi Okada , Mitsuhiko Yamada","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glutamate and one of its ionotropic receptor subtypes, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors, are essential for brain development after birth. Rats that underwent NMDA receptor blockade during the neonatal period have been validated as models of schizophrenia. Social facilitation, a phenomenon where an individual’s performance is promoted in the presence of others, reflects the ability to regulate behavior depending on social situations and is likely to be disrupted in schizophrenia. This study investigated the effects of neonatal treatment with MK-801, an NMDA receptor antagonist, on the social facilitation of feeding behavior in adult rats. Under noncompetitive conditions, SAL-treated control rats showed increased food intake when feeding with another rat, whereas MK-801-treated rats did not. Under competitive conditions, SAL-treated rats tended to feed more in the presence of a competitor compared to feeding alone. In contrast, MK-801-treated rats exhibited a significant reduction in food intake in the presence of a competitor. Thus, MK-801-treated rats demonstrated a lack of social facilitation under noncompetitive conditions and social inhibition under competitive conditions. These findings suggest that neonatal NMDA receptor blockade disrupts the ability of rats to regulate their behavior depending on their social situation. Our findings may provide new insights into the social deficits associated with schizophrenia and their underlying mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"483 ","pages":"Article 115464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo Wang, Peijie Liu, Xinhui Gao, Fengqi Yang, Jiarui Sun, Fengqin He
{"title":"Exploring the ameliorative effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on maternal behavioral abnormalities induced by prenatal chronic restraint stress","authors":"Bo Wang, Peijie Liu, Xinhui Gao, Fengqi Yang, Jiarui Sun, Fengqin He","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115458","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115458","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Maternal behavior is a complex form of social conduct exhibited, which directly influences the brain development and emotional behavior of offspring. Studies have shown that stress significantly impacts maternal behavior, with the 5-HT (serotonin) system playing a crucial role in this process</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to explore the ameliorative effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on maternal behavioral abnormalities induced by prenatal chronic restraint stress, and to analyze the molecular mechanisms involved</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control, stress, and stress+omega-3 (500 mg/kg) groups. Depressive behaviors were assessed using the sucrose preference test and forced swimming test. The regulatory effects of Omega-3 on maternal behavior following stress were analyzed by measuring 5-HT levels, 5-HT receptors, 5-HT1A receptor expression, downstream cAMP levels, inflammatory markers (IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6), and oxidative stress responses (MDA levels)</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The stress group exhibited significant reductions in maternal behaviors, such as delayed pup retrieval and decreased licking time. Omega-3 supplementation effectively improved these abnormalities, enhancing maternal care and reducing violent behaviors. Mechanistically, omega-3 supplementation increased 5-HT and receptor expression, reduced inflammation and oxidative stress, and promoted neuronal function recovery</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Omega-3 fatty acids can effectively mitigate the negative impact of chronic stress on maternal behavior. The underlying mechanisms involve the regulation of the 5-HT system and the reduction of neuroinflammation. This finding provides a theoretical basis for clinical interventions targeting stress-related maternal behavior disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"483 ","pages":"Article 115458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malcon Carneiro de Brito, Beatriz Yamada Costa, Thiago Amorim de Souza Lima, Rosana Camarini
{"title":"Environmental enrichment induces depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in male Balb/C mice","authors":"Malcon Carneiro de Brito, Beatriz Yamada Costa, Thiago Amorim de Souza Lima, Rosana Camarini","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115462","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115462","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression and anxiety disorders are prevalent neuropsychiatric conditions worldwide that impose substantial economic and social burdens worldwide. Environmental enrichment (EE) has been employed to investigate how the environment can influence these disorders. While EE is known to mitigate depressive and anxiety phenotypes across various mouse strains, the Balb/C strain exhibits greater sensitivity to different environmental stimuli. In this study, we aimed to assess the long-term effects of EE introduced after weaning on emotional behaviors in adulthood. Balb/C mice were weaned on postnatal day (PND) 21 and exposed to chronic EE for 3, 12, or 24 hours daily until PND 66. Depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors were assessed using the open field, elevated plus maze, and tail suspension tests, along with measurements of corticosterone plasma levels. EE exposure induced emotional dysregulation, evidenced by an increase in anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors. Shorter length of EE (3 h) had less impact on these behaviors compared to longer periods (12 and 24 h). These findings highlight the need for caution when employing the Balb/C strain in EE models, particularly in studies exploring emotional behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"483 ","pages":"Article 115462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Armin Zlomuzica , Friederike Raeder , Sarah Reher , Miriam Lange , Ekrem Dere
{"title":"Context-dependency of vicarious extinction learning","authors":"Armin Zlomuzica , Friederike Raeder , Sarah Reher , Miriam Lange , Ekrem Dere","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115461","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>It is well documented that the fear of specific stimuli and situations can be acquired through the social observation of the actions of another person. In contrast, it is still a matter of debate, whether processes related to fear attenuation, extinction, and extinction-retrieval can equally be achieved through social observation after de novo fear conditioning.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Here, we used a differential fear conditioning procedure and investigated whether the variation of the context of video-based vicarious extinction learning (VEL) will affect subsequent extinction learning and extinction-retrieval. Conditioned fear acquisition, extinction, and extinction-retrieval was measured using psychophysiological (skin conductance responses) and subjective measures (CS-UCS contingency ratings and CS-valence ratings).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants showed enhanced fear extinction learning after VEL as compared to controls. VEL improved extinction learning relative to controls but appeared to be highly context-dependent. The beneficial effect of VEL on subsequent extinction learning was abolished when the context in which the model was performing in the video was different from the context in which the observer performed all stages of the experiment.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Data were obtained in a non-clinical sample which does not permit the extrapolation of findings to clinical populations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our results suggests that safety information derived from VEL promotes fear extinction when model and observer perform the experiment in the same context. Given that fear extinction is considered as an experimental proxy of exposure therapy, our findings might be instructive for the development of novel clinical interventions to promote exposure treatment efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"482 ","pages":"Article 115461"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of the intraparietal sulcus in numeracy: A review of parietal lesion cases","authors":"Erin Duricy , Corrine Durisko , Julie A. Fiez","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prominent theories of numeracy link the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) to approximate representations of quantity that undergird basic math abilities. The goal of this review is to better understand the neural basis of mathematical cognition through the lens of acalculia, by identifying numeracy-focused single case studies of patients with parietal lesions and testing for causal relationships between numeracy impairments and the locus of parietal damage. A systematic literature review identified 27 single case studies with left parietal lesions and categorized administered tasks across four numeracy domains: Approximation, Calculation, Ordinality/Cardinality, and Transcoding. We compared published lesion images by drawing a sphere at the inferred center-of-mass and assigning each case to an anatomical group (IPS or Other Parietal damage) based on overlap with left IPS and original anatomical description. We performed Fisher’s Exact Test to compare behavioral performance on each numeracy domain between the two groups. As an exploratory follow-up, we used Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) to identify sites of damage within parietal cortex preferentially associated with impairments in each domain. We found that Approximation impairments were significantly more frequent in the IPS group (p = .003). The exploratory ALE analysis revealed that only Approximation impairment cases significantly overlapped with the IPS, while impairments in other domains were localized to different regions of the parietal lobe. Based on the pattern of impairments shown across these cases, we conclude that damage to the left IPS is linked to impairments in approximation ability specifically. Our findings support theoretical claims linking IPS to magnitude representation, but do not provide evidence that IPS critically underpins performance across all numeracy tasks. Instead, our findings are more compatible with models of dissociable circuits of numerical processing within the parietal lobe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"482 ","pages":"Article 115453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}