Behavioural Brain Research最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinally persisting KCNA2-autoantibodies in mild amnestic dementia with Alzheimer´s pathology – Report and literature review","authors":"Niels Hansen ,&nbsp;Bianca Teegen ,&nbsp;Sina Hirschel ,&nbsp;Janosch Fox ,&nbsp;Dirk Fitzner ,&nbsp;Jens Wiltfang ,&nbsp;Claudia Bartels","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115437","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115437","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neural autoantibodies are being increasingly detected in conjunction with neurodegenerative dementias such as Alzheimer's disease dementia (AD), yet their significance is not well clarified. In this case report, we report the previously unreported long-lasting persistence of potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 2 (KCNA2) antibodies in biomarker-supported AD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We report on a 77-year-old, male patient evaluated in our outpatient memory clinic of the Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Göttingen. Neuropsychological test results and autoantibody testing in serum over a period of 4–5 years is provided.</div></div><div><h3>Report</h3><div>Our patient exhibited mild dementia syndrome and was diagnosed with AD on the basis of a prototypical biomarker profile (reduced Aβ42/40 ratio and elevated p-tau181 protein in cerebrospinal fluid). Within a 5-year follow-up with regular visits to our memory clinic, we observed a nearly stable neuropsychological profile of mild, amnestic variant dementia that did not noticeably progress. KCNA2 autoantibodies were also detectable in serum over 4 years with increasing titers over time. Combined anti-dementia therapy with donepezil, multimodal therapy including non-pharmacological cognitive therapy, and immunotherapy with intravenous methylprednisolone was carried out as an individual treatment approach.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>KCNA2 autoantibody persistence in biomarker-supported AD does not necessarily trigger a poor outcome in the long-term, as cognitive impairment did not progress subsequently. At the same time, mild immunotherapy did not result in less immunoreactivity in conjunction with the detection of KCNA2 autoantibodies. This detection of KCNA2 autoantibodies in AD could provide indices of a potentially benign long-term AD course that should be further evaluated in studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"482 ","pages":"Article 115437"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143036311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-scale functional network connectivity alterations in adolescents with major depression and non-suicidal self-injury","authors":"Jiahua Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongpeng Wu ,&nbsp;Hongping Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Yu ,&nbsp;Yue Zhao ,&nbsp;Hao Zheng ,&nbsp;Shaoyang Wang ,&nbsp;Siyu Fan ,&nbsp;Xiaonan Pang ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Yanghua Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115443","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115443","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is prevalent among adolescent populations worldwide, yet its neuropathological mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate brain functional differences in NSSI patients by utilizing large-scale functional networks and examining their correlation with clinical outcomes. Cross-sectional clinical and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected from 42 patients and 47 healthy controls. Independent component analysis (ICA) was utilized to investigate changes in both intra-network and inter-network functional connectivity. We then investigated the potential association between functional network connectivity and clinical self-injurious behavior. The results revealed significant abnormalities in intra-network functional connectivity within the left middle cingulum gyrus, right angular gyrus, and middle frontal gyrus in patients with NSSI. Additionally, we found altered inter-network connectivity patterns, particularly between higher-order cognitive networks and primary sensory networks, suggesting potential disruptions in multisensory integration and emotional regulation in these patients. This study revealed significant alterations in large-scale functional network connectivity in adolescents with depression and NSSI, particularly in networks related to emotion regulation and cognitive control. These findings provide novel perspectives on the neurobiological mechanisms of NSSI and suggest possible avenues for early intervention and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"482 ","pages":"Article 115443"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143036298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeated administration of a subanesthetic dose of ketamine results in impaired motor and cognitive behavior and differential expression of hippocampal P2X1 and P2X7 receptors in adult mice","authors":"Teresa Belem Mares-Barbosa ,&nbsp;Ares Orlando Cuellar-Santoyo ,&nbsp;Victor Manuel Ruiz-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Karen Hernández-Balderas ,&nbsp;Osiel González-Hernández ,&nbsp;Diana Patricia Portales-Pérez ,&nbsp;Ana María Estrada-Sánchez","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115441","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115441","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ketamine hydrochloride serves multiple purposes, including its use as a general anesthetic, treatment for depression, and recreational drug. In studies involving rodents, ketamine is utilized as a model for schizophrenia. However, it is unclear whether age affects the behavioral response induced by repeated ketamine administration and if it modifies the expression levels of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and purinergic receptors (P2X1, P2X4, P2X7). In the present study, we evaluated the effect of intraperitoneal administration of subanesthetic ketamine dose (30 mg/Kg) for fourteen days on young (35 days of age) and adult (76 days of age) mice on different behavioral tests. Nest-building behavior was evaluated during the fourteen-day treatment; short-term memory and social interaction tests were assessed twenty-four hours after the last administration of ketamine. Interestingly, only adult mice treated with ketamine showed impaired nest-building and novel object recognition<strong>.</strong> In the hippocampus, an area related to memory and cognition, ketamine administration showed no changes in the relative expression of GluN1, P2X4, and P2X7 while increasing GluA2 and P2X1 only in young mice. In contrast, when assessing the protein levels of P2X1 and P2X7 in the hippocampus following ketamine treatment, young mice exhibited a decrease in P2X1 levels while P2X7 levels increased. In contrast, adult mice showed the opposite pattern; P2X1 levels were higher, and P2X7 levels decreased. These results suggest that adult mice are more vulnerable to repeated ketamine administration than young mice and that a differential response of P2X1 and P2X7 might contribute to ketamine-induced behavioral changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"482 ","pages":"Article 115441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral adaptations after unilateral whisker denervation","authors":"Patrick Wright ,&nbsp;Eleanor McCall ,&nbsp;Sean Collier ,&nbsp;Fred Johnson III ,&nbsp;Laxmi Iyer ,&nbsp;Alan P Koretsky ,&nbsp;Emily Petrus","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115435","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rodent whisker system provides an excellent model to study experience dependent plasticity in neural morphology, circuitry, and behavior. Rodents use bilateral whisker sensation to gather information about their environment. Unilateral whisker denervation disrupts whisker circuitry but its impact on task specific behavior is largely unknown. Adult mice with unilateral whisker denervation display a preference to using the intact whisker set to inspect objects, but do not have altered open field navigation. An object localization task requiring only the intact whisker set did not detect any change in performance, but gap crossing was impaired after unilateral whisker denervation. Finally, chronic whisker denervation led to increased anxiety-like behavior which was rescued by training on the gap cross task. These findings indicate that mice use behavioral strategies to adapt to life with only one set of intact whiskers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"482 ","pages":"Article 115435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143022028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The basic theory and application of the mirror neuron system in dysphagia after stroke","authors":"Le Wang,&nbsp;Yi Li,&nbsp;Ruyao Liu,&nbsp;Heping Li,&nbsp;Liugen Wang,&nbsp;Xi Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115430","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115430","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The discovery of the brain's mirror neuron system enables researchers to gain a deeper understanding of social cognitive activities from the level of neural mechanisms. Mirror neurons are situated in bilateral brain regions, overlapping with the swallowing neural network, and there are complex network pathways connecting the two. Repeatedly inducing the activation of mirror neurons in stroke patients can enhance the brain's ability to relearn its original swallowing function, and then restore the swallowing neural network. With the deepening of related studies, rehabilitation therapies based on the mirror neuron system have been discussed and explored by numerous scholars and applied to the rehabilitation of dysphagia after stroke. In this paper, we review the basic theory of mirror neuron system, its mechanism, its relevance to the swallowing neural network, and the clinical application and research progress of related rehabilitation therapies in stroke dysphagia, with a view to triggering relevant researchers to comprehend and innovate the rehabilitation of dysphagia after stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 115430"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytoceutical isoquercitrin and ethanolic extracts from pequi (Caryocar coriaceum Wittm) reverse alcohol withdrawal-induced anxiety in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)","authors":"Yatagan M. da Rocha ,&nbsp;Luzia Débora S. Marques ,&nbsp;Gabriela A. do Nascimento ,&nbsp;Maria Rayane C. de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Luiz F. Wemmenson G. Moura ,&nbsp;Daniela Braga de Sousa ,&nbsp;Keciany A. de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Saulo C. Magalhães ,&nbsp;Solange de O. Pinheiro ,&nbsp;Franciglauber S. Bezerra ,&nbsp;Hamilton M. Ishiki ,&nbsp;Kalina Kelma O. de Sousa ,&nbsp;Sacha A.A.R. Santos ,&nbsp;Natália C.G. Vieira ,&nbsp;Antonio E. Vieira-Neto ,&nbsp;Daniela R. Alves ,&nbsp;Wildson Max B. da Silva ,&nbsp;Lucas S. Frota ,&nbsp;Selene M. de Morais ,&nbsp;Larissa M.R. da Silva ,&nbsp;Francisco Ernani A. Magalhães","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115439","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115439","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pharmacotherapy in Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS), which is a mental disorder, generally involves benzodiazepines due to their action via GABA, but their side effects, such as excessive sedation, mental confusion and risk of dependence, are considerable. It is important to investigate the anxiolytic potential of plants such as <em>Caryocar coriaceum</em>, due to the presence of secondary metabolic compounds, such as isoquercitrin, capable of promoting the reduction of anxiety during AWS. We evaluated the anxiolytic-like potential of ethanolic extracts from the leaves (EEPL) and pulp (EEPP) of <em>C. coriaceum</em>, and its major compound, isoquercitrin (IsoQuer), in adult zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) during alcohol withdrawal. Adult zebrafish (n = 8 per group) were treated (20 µL; <em>p.o</em>) with EEPL, or EEPP or IsoQuer (0.01 or 0.05 or 0.1 or 0.5 or 1.0 mg/mL) and submitted to the 96-hour acute toxicity test. Flumazenil in adult zebrafish and molecular Docking of IsoQuer were used to investigate the GABAergic involvement. Finally, the anxiolytic-like activity was evaluated during alcohol withdrawal in adult zebrafish. The results indicated that EEPL, EEPP and IsoQuer are safe and have no sedative effect on adult zebrafish. Furthermore, they demonstrated a pharmacological potential in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal-induced anxiety, mediated by the GABAergic system, evidenced in the in-silico study by the stable isoquercitrin-GABA_A complex, the main constituent of the extracts. These findings suggest an anxiolytic herbal potential of <em>C. coriaceum</em> and isoquercitrin, providing an alternative for the treatment of anxiety associated with AWS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"482 ","pages":"Article 115439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequence learning following maternal immune activation","authors":"Tallulah-May R. Patterson,&nbsp;Rebecca E.A. Dunn,&nbsp;David K. Bilkey","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115433","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115433","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal immune activation (MIA) is a risk factor for schizophrenia. Since memory for sequence and stimulus order are disrupted in individuals with schizophrenia, we tested whether MIA animals showed deficits in a sequence learning and object-place recency memory task. In experiment one, control and MIA-challenged rats were required to nose poke five ports in a cued sequence. The sequences were presented randomly except for one structured sequence that was repetitive and initiated from the same port. Both groups were more accurate on the structured sequence and learned the task at similar rates. When a new structured sequence was presented, control animals were able to respond flexibly and take advantage of the structure, whereas the performance of MIA animals was similar for random and structured sequences. Experiment two tested MIA and control rats were evaluated in a Temporal Ordering for Spatial Locations task (TOSL). Control animals had a significant preference for the object in the least-recent location, indicating a novelty preference, while MIA animals did not, although the between-group difference failed to reach significance. Exploration patterns changed differentially over time, possibly because of variation in habituation processes. As a result, MIA animals were significantly less likely to explore the object at the least-recent location during the second half of the exploration session, compared to control animals. Collectively these studies indicate that while MIA animals are unimpaired in simple sequence learning, they display changes in behaviour compared to controls. Differences may result from habituation rate or inflexibility when responding to change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"482 ","pages":"Article 115433"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of TGF-β1 on Aβ-40 and α- β- γ secretase expression in hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in experimental Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Samet Kara ,&nbsp;Sema Polat ,&nbsp;Kübra Akillioglu ,&nbsp;Dilek Saker ,&nbsp;Ahmet Turan Evli̇ce ,&nbsp;Leman Sencar ,&nbsp;Ummuhan Fulden Aydın ,&nbsp;Sait Polat","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer's disease is a chronic complex neurodegenerative disease characterized with amyloid plaques and loss of neurons. TGF-β1 is important growth factor, plays critical roles in cell metabolism, tissue homeostasis, neuronal development, and synaptic plasticity. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of TGF-β1 on the regulation of α, β, and γ-secretase enzymes, Aβ-40 accumulation, apoptosis, and neuronal damage in an experimental Scopolamine-induced AD-like model. The subjects were divided into 5 groups such as control, sham, TGF-β1 control, Scopolamin group, TGF-β1 treatment groups.Then all groups were divided into 2 subgroups according to 28th-56th days. Except for Morris water maze (MWM) test, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex tissues were taken for light-electron microscopic, immunohistochemical, and biochemical examinations. It was observed that learning and memory abilities, which decreased in the MWM test of the Scopolamine group, increased in the treatment groups. In addition, α-secretase expression decreased in the Scopolamin group, while it increased in the TGF-β1 treatment group. It was determined that Aβ-40 and caspase-3 immunoreactivity, β and γ-secretase enzyme levels increased in the Scopolamin group and decreased in TGF-β1 treatment group. Cellular degenerations were relatively decreased in TGF-β1 treatment group. It was thought that TGF-β1 might have a therapeutic effect on Alzheimer's disease by increasing memory performance and preventing Aβ-40 accumulation in the AD-like model induced by Scopolamine and also, may be effective preventing neuronal damage by down-regulating caspase-3 expression. When all the findings evaluated together, it was concluded that TGF-β1 could be evaluated as a therapeutic agent in Alzheimer's disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"482 ","pages":"Article 115432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress-enhanced fear learning can be reduced with unconditional stimulus deflation with constraints.","authors":"Jaden B. Brooks ,&nbsp;Payton K. Robinson ,&nbsp;Sean Warner ,&nbsp;Priya Halder ,&nbsp;Sydney Trask","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Exposure to extreme stress can negatively impact behavior and lead to prolonged fear sensitization. These processes can be studied in the lab using stress-enhanced fear learning (SEFL), where prior exposure to inescapable stress exacerbates later contextual fear conditioning. A common method to reduce conditional fear is through extinction, where a conditional stimulus once paired with an unconditional (US; e.g., a footshock) is presented alone. Previous research shows that extinction learning may not be as effective at reducing fear behavior in rodents previously exposed to stress, mirroring similar extinction impairments observed in aged rodents. Weak-shock exposure (termed US deflation) following conditioning with a strong shock has been proposed to be an alternative to extinction where presentations of weaker versions of the US would work to modify the original fear memory rather than create a new memory as in extinction and thus more precisely target the original context fear memory. While effective under normal conditions, it has yet to be studied how effective US deflation is at reducing stress-enhanced context fear. Here we aimed to test if US deflation could reduce fear in a SEFL paradigm and identify any constraints of this effect. Following 15 inescapable footshocks or matched chamber exposure, male and female Long Evans rats received 1 context-shock pairing or 5 context-shock pairings in a novel context. The next day, they were given either 10 weak footshocks (US deflation) or extinction before behavioral testing. Following training with 1 context-shock pairing, both US deflation and extinction functioned similarly in reducing freezing behavior of stressed rodents. However, following 5 context-shock pairings, only the unstressed rodents displayed a significant decrease in fear behavior, suggesting that prior stress coupled with more robust conditioning can limit the efficacy of US deflation in reducing fear behavior. Finally, we replicated the SEFL effect in aged rodents and found that they showed a significant decrease in stress-enhanced fear learning following US deflation, whereas our previous research showed impairments of traditional extinction in aged rodents. Together, these results suggest that US deflation can reduce SEFL in both adult and aged rodents following a single context-shock pairing, with additional pairings rendering this procedure ineffective at mitigating the effects of prior stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 115438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebrolysin treatment improved short-term memory deficits while simultaneously increasing hippocampal spine density in hypertensive female rats","authors":"Ivette Espinoza ,&nbsp;Ma de Jesús Gómez-Villalobos ,&nbsp;Leonardo Aguilar-Hernández ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Flores ,&nbsp;Julio César Morales-Medina","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115436","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115436","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hypertension, if untreated, can disrupt the blood-brain-barrier (BBB) and reduce cerebral flow in the central nervous system (CNS) inducing hippocampal atrophy, potentially leading to cognitive deficits and vascular dementia. Spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR) demonstrated neuroplastic alterations in the hippocampus, hyperlocomotion and memory deficits in males. Cerebrolysin (CBL), a neuropeptide preparation, induces synaptic and neuronal plasticity in various populations of neurons and repairs the integrity of the BBB. This research aims to investigate the behavioral outcomes in locomotion and recognition memory in the Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT) and assess the neuroreparative effect of CBL on the cytoarchitecture of neurons and the spine density in pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex (PFC), the entorhinal cortex (EC) and the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus, as well as spheroidal neurons of the dentate gyrus (DG). Our findings indicate that SHR exhibited elevated diastolic and systolic pressures, and increased locomotion. Importantly, CBL treatment improved recognition memory in SHR strain. Hypertension led to reduced arborization in the EC, CA1, and DG regions. Moreover, CBL treatment increased arborization in both normotensive and hypertensive rats in the CA1, and DG regions of hippocampus and EC and selectively increased spine density in the hippocampus of hypertensive rats. These findings suggest that CBL neurotrophic treatment enhances recognition memory and promotes dendritic growth or spine density, depending on the neurochemical environment within the brain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"481 ","pages":"Article 115436"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142999241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}