Behavioural Brain Research最新文献

{"title":"Context blindness in the BTBR T+ tf mouse model of autism: impaired contextual control of discrimination reversal learning","authors":"Yutaka Kosaki,&nbsp;Rikako Mihara","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Behavioural inflexibility—a hallmark of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)—can be characterised by the persistence of established behaviours in inappropriate contexts. This inflexibility may arise from a reduced ability to use contextual information to disambiguate effective contingencies, thereby impeding the flexible expression of instrumental behaviour in a contextually appropriate manner. In this study, we employed the BTBR T⁺ tf inbred mouse model of ASD to examine whether contextual control of behaviour is impaired in these mice. BTBR and control C57BL/6J (B6) mice were first trained on a T-maze positional discrimination task, after which they were subjected to a reversal task conducted in either the same or a different maze context. The contextual shift significantly facilitated the acquisition of reversal discrimination in B6 mice, whereas it had no effect on BTBR mice. The lack of contextual control resulted in poorer reversal performance in BTBR in the new context, while both strains performed comparably when the context remained unchanged. A subsequent experiment ruled out the possibility that BTBR mice were simply unable to differentiate between the two maze contexts, as they demonstrated normal differential contextual conditioning. Overall, these findings suggest that BTBR mice are critically impaired in utilising contextual cues to disambiguate the effective stimulus–response–outcome contingencies in a hierarchical manner. This supports the notion that “context blindness” is a core deficit in ASD and warrants further investigation into its neurobiological underpinnings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"495 ","pages":"Article 115752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of behavioral and emotional responses of male and female juvenile rats in the orofacial formalin test following acetaminophen treatment","authors":"Yasmin Neiva Tomaz Saurin ,&nbsp;Renata Cristiane dos Reis ,&nbsp;Darciane Favero Baggio ,&nbsp;Rainer K.W. Schwarting ,&nbsp;Roberto Andreatini ,&nbsp;Victor Augusto Benedicto dos Santos ,&nbsp;Juliana Geremias Chichorro","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115748","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115748","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Children are frequently affected by acute pain conditions but are underrepresented in clinical trials. Likewise, data on preclinical models of orofacial pain in juvenile rats are scarce. The present study aimed to characterize sensory and emotional responses of male and female juvenile rats in the orofacial formalin test, as well as to investigate the effect of acetaminophen, due to its wide use in the pediatric population. Male and female Wistar rats (21–35 days) were treated with acetaminophen (100 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg), or vehicle systemically followed by injection of 2.5 % formalin or saline into the right upper lip. Behavior was recorded for 30 min, concomitantly with the caption of ultrasonic vocalization (USV) emission, and followed by testing in the open field. Formalin induced a biphasic nociceptive response in male and female rats, but acetaminophen did not change the grooming time in any of the phases. USV analysis did not reveal a significant influence of the pain condition nor the treatments in aversive or appetitive calls emission. Formalin caused a reduction in locomotion in male rats, as well as acetaminophen <em>per se</em>. In females, locomotion was impaired only in formalin-injected rats that received acetaminophen. Altogether, these results suggest that the formalin test may be used for the analysis of the nociceptive behavior in male and female juvenile rats, but USV analysis did not reflect the emotional component of pain in this context. Moreover, further studies that explore the efficacy and safety of acetaminophen in the pediatric population are clearly warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"494 ","pages":"Article 115748"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning approach to DNA methylation and neuroimaging signatures as biomarkers for psychological resilience in young adults","authors":"Shih-Hsien Lin ,&nbsp;Yen-Hsin Chen ,&nbsp;Meng-Heng Yang ,&nbsp;Chih-Wei Lin ,&nbsp;Andrew Ke-Ming Lu ,&nbsp;Cheng-Ta Yang ,&nbsp;Yun-Hsuan Chang ,&nbsp;Bao-Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Shulan Hsieh ,&nbsp;Sheng-Hsiang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psychological resilience is influenced by both psychological and biological factors. However, the potential of using DNA methylation (DNAm) probes and brain imaging variables to predict psychological resilience remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate DNAm, structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) as biomarkers for psychological resilience. Additionally, we evaluated the ability of epigenetic and imaging markers to distinguish between individuals with low and high resilience using machine learning algorithms. A total of 130 young adults assessed with the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) were divided into high and low psychological resilience groups. We utilized two feature selection algorithms, the Boruta and variable selection using random forest (varSelRF), to identify important variables based on nine for DNAm, sixty-eight for gray matter volume (GMV) measured with sMRI, and fifty-four diffusion indices of DTI. We constructed machine learning models to identify low resilience individuals using the selected variables. The study identified thirteen variables (five DNAm, five GMV, and three DTI diffusion indices) from feature selection methods. We utilized the selected variables based on 10-fold cross validation using four machine learning models for low resilience (AUC = 0.77–0.82). In interaction analysis, we identified cg03013609 had a stronger interaction with cg17682313 and the rostral middle frontal gyrus in the right hemisphere for psychological resilience. Our findings supported the concept that DNAm, sMRI, and DTI signatures can identify individuals with low psychological resilience. These combined epigenetic imaging markers demonstrated high discriminative abilities for low psychological resilience using machine learning models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"494 ","pages":"Article 115747"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aesthetic appreciation correlates positively with putamen and inferior temporal gyrus","authors":"Keisuke Kokubun ,&nbsp;Kiyotaka Nemoto ,&nbsp;Yoshinori Yamakawa","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the effects of art on the human brain and cognitive function have been attracting attention. However, the relationship between the brain structure of healthy middle-aged people and artistic activity remained unclear. In this study, a cross-sectional analysis of 73 middle-aged men and women who considered themselves healthy revealed that gray matter volume (GMV) of the putamen and inferior temporal gyrus correlated with aesthetic appreciation measured by questionnaire. This is the first study to show that art may connect to more people's brain structures than previously thought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"494 ","pages":"Article 115750"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulnerability to chronic stress in male rats: Additive effect of low positive affectivity and high hedonic response as measured by sucrose intake","authors":"Marten Vares ,&nbsp;Margus Kanarik ,&nbsp;Kadri Kõiv ,&nbsp;Markus Vares ,&nbsp;Karolina Anja ,&nbsp;Mait Metelitsa ,&nbsp;Karita Laugus ,&nbsp;Helene Tigro ,&nbsp;Sirin Korulu ,&nbsp;Ruth Shimmo ,&nbsp;Jaanus Harro","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115749","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115749","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress contributes to the development of psychiatric disorders. We have previously shown that rats with low inherent positive affectivity, assessed by 50-kHz ultrasonic vocalizations (USV), are more vulnerable to stress, and that free-fed rats with persistently lower consumption of sucrose are less sensitive. Hence we compared the association of these traits with the effect of chronic stress within a single experiment. Male Wistar rats were classified as of high (HC) or low (LC) positive affectivity based on their average 50-kHz USV response, and as young adults the rats were further divided into high and low sucrose-consuming (HSuc and LSuc, respectively). Four groups comprising twenty rats each were formed, and half of the animals submitted to chronic variable stress (CVS) for 5 weeks. CVS was followed by behavioural tests and <em>ex vivo</em> biochemical analyses. In elevated plus-maze, CVS increased the anxiety-related measures most prominently in the LC-HSuc rats. Stress reduced amphetamine-induced 50-kHz USVs statistically significantly only in LC-HSuc rats. Serum glucose and adrenal weight, as well as levels of monoamines and their metabolites in the frontal cortex, striatum, nucleus accumbens, amygdala and hypothalamus, were altered by chronic stress mostly in a phenotype-dependent manner. CVS also increased 5-HT_2 C-receptor gene expression in the striatum of LC-HSuc rats. Conclusively, previous separate findings that individual differences in positive affectivity and sucrose intake (hedonic response) can contribute to stress vulnerability were confirmed. Importantly, the highest vulnerability to stress was found if low positive affectivity and high sucrose consumption coincided.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"494 ","pages":"Article 115749"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual differences in the activity of executive function brain regions during number comparison","authors":"Amanda Martinez-Lincoln ,&nbsp;Daniel R. Leopold ,&nbsp;Boman R. Groff ,&nbsp;Darren J. Yeo ,&nbsp;Erik G. Willcutt ,&nbsp;Laurie E. Cutting ,&nbsp;Marie T. Banich ,&nbsp;Gavin R. Price","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Math skills require the integration of math-specific and domain-general skills, such as executive functions (EF). Neuroimaging studies consistently report intraparietal sulci activation during arithmetic tasks; however, activation of frontal brain regions associated with EF varies across studies. The discrepancies in brain regions associated with EF during math tasks may be due, in part, to variations amongst individuals and task demands. The current study examined neural activations associated with ratio effect in canonical math and EF regions in adolescents and subsequently examined how this activity was related to concurrently acquired behavioral measures of math ability and EF. Findings revealed differential relations between behavioral measures and neural ratio effects for symbolic (i.e., digits) vs. nonsymbolic (i.e., dot arrays) stimuli. The neural ratio effect during symbolic number comparison in the left inferior parietal lobe (IPL) and left inferior frontal junction (IFJ) correlated positively with an individual’s calculation scores. Similarly, the neural ratio effect during nonsymbolic comparison in the right and left inferior parietal lobes correlated positively with an individual’s math fluency. However, while a measure of an individual’s inhibitory control positively correlated with the nonsymbolic neural ratio effect in the left IFJ, working memory positively correlated with the symbolic neural ratio effect in the left IPL, left IFJ, left precentral gyrus, and left posterior dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. These findings suggest that the format of numerical information influences the neural systems engaged and that engagement varies with individual differences in math abilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"494 ","pages":"Article 115740"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144697508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Serotonin Reuptake Inhibition on anxiety-like behavior and adipocytes morphometry in offspring submitted to maternal high-fat/hypercaloric diet","authors":"Diana Isabela Machado Corrêa ,&nbsp;Jeymesson Raphael Cardoso Vieira ,&nbsp;Luana Olegário da Silva ,&nbsp;Raquel da Silva Aragão ,&nbsp;Thaynan Raquel dos Prazeres Oliveira ,&nbsp;Regina Katiuska Bezerra da Silva ,&nbsp;Kelli Nogueira Ferraz Pereira Althoff ,&nbsp;Widarlane Ângela da Silva Alves ,&nbsp;Eduardo Carvalho Lira ,&nbsp;Isabeli Lins Pinheiro ,&nbsp;Lígia Cristina Monteiro Galindo","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high-fat/hypercaloric diet (HHD) can reduce the synaptic availability of serotonin (5-HT), an effect opposite to that attributed to Serotonin Reuptake Inhibition (SRI). This study aimed to investigate the effects of SRI via fluoxetine on body weight (BW), anxiety-like behavior, and adiposity in the offspring of rats exposed to maternal HHD. Materials and Methods: Rats received Control Diet (C, 3.44 kcal/g) or HHD (4.62 kcal/g) from before mating until the end of lactation. On the 1st postnatal day (PND), the litters received sterile saline (S, 10 µl/g) or fluoxetine (F, 10 mg/Kg, 10 µl/g), as follows: C-S; C-F; HHD-S and HHD-F. In young and adult offspring, BW, anxiety-like behavior, and retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RWAT) were evaluated. Results: From the 10th to the 60th PND, the HHD-F and C-F groups presented lower BW than their respective controls. In young offspring, the HHD-F group spent less time in the periphery and less time in immobility than the C-F group, besides less immobility in the HHD-S group. In adult offspring, time in the periphery and immobility were greater in the HHD-F group than in the HHD-S group and the HHD-F group than in the C-F group, respectively. At the 30th PND, the weight of WAT was lower in the HHD-F group than in the C-F group. At the 60th PND, the WAT weight was lower in the HHD-F group than in the HHD-S group. The area and perimeter of adipocytes were smaller in HHD-F than in HHD-S at the 30th and 60th PND. Conclusions: IRS attenuated the effects of maternal HHD consumption on BW and RWAT and on the area and perimeter of adipocytes in the offspring of rats. However, in the long term, the effects of SRI on behavioral phenotypic expression were less obvious.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"494 ","pages":"Article 115746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144706124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term intermittent fasting induces region- and sex-specific changes in astrocyte morphology and expression and anxiety-like behaviors in CD-1 mice","authors":"Minerva Ortiz-Valladares ,&nbsp;Diana Amezcua-Cárdenas ,&nbsp;Ricardo Pedraza-Medina ,&nbsp;Christian Peregrino-Ramírez ,&nbsp;Esmeralda Rojas-Cobián","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115745","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115745","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intermittent fasting (IF) is a metabolic intervention that alters systemic and cerebral energy dynamics, promoting neurochemical and cellular adaptations that may influence mood and emotional regulation. Astrocytes, as key regulators of brain metabolism, neurotransmitter clearance, and neuroinflammatory processes, are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in nutrient availability. Dysregulation of astrocytic morphology and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression has been implicated in the pathophysiology of anxiety. However, the long-term effects of IF on astrocyte integrity and behavior remain poorly understood. This study examined how a six-week 16:8 IF protocol, initiated at postnatal day (PD) 60, modulates astrocytic morphology and GFAP expression in brain regions involved in emotional and homeostatic processing, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), insular cortex (IC), and amygdala (AM), in male and female CD1 mice. Anxiety-like behavior was assessed on PDs 102–103 using the Open Field Test (OFT), Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), and Light-Dark Test (LDT). Immunohistochemistry and Sholl analysis were used to quantify astrocyte number, cytoplasmic area, and branching complexity. IF increased anxiety-like behavior, particularly in the EPM. Region- and sex-specific astrocytic remodeling was observed: IF reduced cytoplasmic area and branching in the mPFC, induced modest changes in the IC, and produced robust increases in GFAP-positive astrocyte density and proximal arborization in the AM. Notably, anxiety indices positively correlated with astrocyte number in the AM, suggesting a potential link between glial reactivity and emotional responses to metabolic stress. These findings highlight the amygdala as a key site of astrocytic sensitivity to IF and underscore the importance of brain region and sex as modulators of glial adaptation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"494 ","pages":"Article 115745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral or intranasal angiotensin-(1-7) improves anxiety and depression-like behaviors in mice subjected to allergic pulmonary inflammation","authors":"Sthéfanie C.A. Gonçalves ,&nbsp;Juliana F. Gregório ,&nbsp;Kamylle S. Ferraz ,&nbsp;Giselle S. Magalhães ,&nbsp;Silvia A. Zebral ,&nbsp;Marco Antônio P. Fontes ,&nbsp;Maria da Gloria Rodrigues-Machado ,&nbsp;Ruben D. Sinisterra ,&nbsp;Andrea S. Haibara ,&nbsp;Lucas M. Kangussu ,&nbsp;Robson A.S. Santos ,&nbsp;Maria Jose Campagnole-Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115744","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115744","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, that has a challenging management when associated with anxiety and depression, which affects around 50 % of patients with difficult-to-control asthma. Angiotensin-(1-7) [Ang-(1-7)], a key mediator of the renin-angiotensin system, has demonstrated the ability to attenuate airway remodeling, hyperreactivity and to promote resolution of lung inflammation. Furthermore, Ang-(1-7) exhibits anxiolytic and antidepressant effects when administered into the brain. Here we investigated whether peripheral administration of Ang-(1-7) by two different routes could alleviate depressive and anxiety-like behaviors and inflammation in asthmatic mice. Male Balb/c mice, 8–10 weeks old, underwent sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin. Asthmatic mice received either an oral or intranasal formulation of Ang-(1-7) included in hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD). Both oral and intranasal Ang-(1-7) treatments induced reduction in lung inflammation, and effectively ameliorated depressive and anxiety-like behaviors, as shown in elevated plus maze, open field, and tail suspension tests. Notably, intranasal Ang-(1-7) decreased levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the prefrontal cortex, and, regardless of treatment, there was an elevation in IL-10. Additionally, in other asthmatic animals, ICV administration of Ang-(1-7), which resulted in the expected attenuation in depressive and anxiety-like behaviors, did not significantly reduce lung inflammation, suggesting the improvement in behavioral tests following peripheral treatment with Ang-(1-7) cannot be solely attributed to a decrease in pulmonary inflammation. The data of the present study showed that both intranasal and oral administration of Ang-(1-7) not only alleviates pulmonary inflammation but also mitigates stress-coping behaviors, indicating this peptide as a promising therapeutic candidate for enhancing the treatment and quality of life for patients with asthma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"494 ","pages":"Article 115744"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144673886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regions of interest assessment of prenatal exposure to tobacco on adolescent cortical thickness and sulcal depth","authors":"Andrew Kochvar ,&nbsp;Steven R. Laviolette ,&nbsp;Ali S. Khan ,&nbsp;Benjamin Grin ,&nbsp;Hongying Daisy Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115741","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115741","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal tobacco use during pregnancy (MTDP) remains a global and domestic public health issue. This study seeks to investigate the long-term impact of MTDP on brain morphology during late childhood and early adolescence using the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) dataset. Children aged 9–10 were enrolled using the ABCD school selection probability sample method for national representation. Participants and their parents or guardians underwent interviews and surveys, and children underwent Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Morphometric brain measures of cortical thickness and sulcal depth across 34 regions of interest on T1-weighted MRI images were analyzed. Of 11,448 at baseline, 1607 children fell into the MTDP group. Intracranial volume (p &lt; 0.001), total cortical surface area, and volume (p &lt; 0.0001) were significantly lower among MTDP children (vs. control) at both waves 1 and 2. A sustained difference was found in mean cortical thickness at the parahippocampal gyrus as well as sulcal depth at the isthmus cingulate, parahippocampal, lateral occipital, and lingual gyri. Several regions of interest demonstrated differences in the cortical thickness and sulcal depth at single time points. An association between MTDP and long-term outcomes of regional morphometric differences in cortical thickness and sulcal depth on MRI was found at both baseline among 9–10 years old and at 2-year follow-ups. Taken together with NIH cognitive testing from the same population comparison, the results suggest longstanding cognitive deficits corresponding to specific brain regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"494 ","pages":"Article 115741"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}