Behavioural Brain Research最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of cFos labeling in the hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex following recent and remote re-exposure to an unreinforced open field in preadolescent and postadolescent rats","authors":"Nikolaos Tzakis,&nbsp;Mikaela Ethier-Gagnon,&nbsp;Tanisse Epp,&nbsp;Matthew R. Holahan","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115284","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115284","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Spatial tasks are often goal-directed or reward-facilitated confounding the assessment of “pure” recent and remote spatial memories. The current work re-exposed preadolescent and postadolescent male rats to a non-reinforced, free exploration task to investigate cFos patterns within the hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) associated with recent and remote periods. Male rats were exposed to an open field task for one, 30 min session on postnatal day (P) 20, 25, or 50 and re-exposed for 30 min at either a recent (24 hours) or remote (3 weeks) timepoint. Distance traveled in the open field was measured as well as cFos labeling. In the P20 age group, there was elevated exploration at the 24-hour and 3-week tests compared to training and compared to the other age groups. In the hippocampus CA1, cFos levels were higher after the remote test than the recent test in the P20 group but higher after the recent test than remote test in the P25 and P50 groups. cFos labeling in the ACC was higher in all remote-tested groups compared to the recent-tested groups across all ages. In the P20, the 24-hour test was associated with less CA1 activity than the other age groups supporting the hypothesis that the hippocampus is not fully developed at this time point. In the P20 group, the remote representation of this task did not seem to be complete as there continued to be CA1 activity along with ACC activity following the remote test associated with elevated exploration. These results indicate the utility of unreinforced spatial navigation tasks for exploring systems consolidation processes over the lifespan and show that a fully developed hippocampus is required for optimal systems consolidation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 115284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142405990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exercise alleviates CUS-induced depressive-like behaviors by modulating paracellular and transcellular permeability of the blood-brain barrier in the prefrontal cortex","authors":"Ye Luo ,&nbsp;Dewang Meng ,&nbsp;Hui Tang ,&nbsp;Panwen Wu ,&nbsp;Yuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115286","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115286","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability is implicated in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). While aerobic exercise has shown promise in mitigating MDD symptoms by potentially preserving BBB integrity, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores these mechanisms to assess aerobic exercise's therapeutic potential for MDD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Male C57BL/6 J mice were used in this study to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on CUS-induced BBB permeability and depressive-like behaviors. Chronic unpredictable stress (CUS)-induced MDD mouse models were divided into three groups: Control, CUS, and CUS+Exercise. We monitored body weight, blood S100β levels, and cytokines via ELISA. Claudin-5 and Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) expressions in the medial prefrontal cortex were evaluated using Western blotting and immunofluorescence. BBB permeability was assessed using biocytin-TMR and Alb-Alexa 594 tracers. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe ultrastructural changes in the BBB directly. Depression-related behaviors were tested through several behavioral assays.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>CUS significantly increased CAV-1 expression and Alb-Alexa 594 leakage, suggesting enhanced transcellular BBB permeability. Despite unchanged Claudin-5 levels, its tight junction ultrastructure was altered, leading to increased biocytin-TMR leakage. Aerobic exercise ameliorated these disruptions, reduced inflammatory cytokines, and improved behavioral outcomes in CUS mice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Disruptions in both paracellular and transcellular BBB pathways are pivotal in depression development. Aerobic exercise offers potential therapeutic benefits for MDD linked with BBB dysfunction by mitigating stress-induced structural and functional changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 115286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of the prefrontal cortex in modulating aggression in humans and rodents","authors":"Xinyang Li ,&nbsp;Lize Xiong ,&nbsp;Yan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115285","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115285","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accumulating evidence suggests that the prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in aggression. However, the findings regarding the key neural mechanisms and molecular pathways underlying the modulation of aggression by the PFC are relatively scattered, with many inconsistencies and areas that would benefit from exploration. Here, we highlight the relationship between the PFC and aggression in humans and rodents and describe the anatomy and function of the human PFC, along with homologous regions in rodents. At the molecular level, we detail how the major neuromodulators of the PFC impact aggression. At the circuit level, this review provides an overview of known and potential subcortical projections that regulate aggression in rodents. Finally, at the disease level, we review the correlation between PFC alterations and heightened aggression in specific human psychiatric disorders. Our review provides a framework for PFC modulation of aggression, resolves several intriguing paradoxes from previous studies, and illuminates new avenues for further study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 115285"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteomic evidence for seed odor modifying olfaction and spatial memory in a scatter-hoarding animal","authors":"Xiangyu Zhao,&nbsp;Yingnan Wang,&nbsp;Xianfeng Yi","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seed odor plays a crucial role in affecting the scatter-hoarding behavior of small rodents that rely on spatial memory and olfaction to cache and recover. However, evidence of how seed odor modifies olfaction function and spatial memory is still lacking. Here, we coated seeds with waterproof glue to test how seed odor intensity alters the proteome of both the olfactory bulbs and hippocampus of a dominant scatter-hoarding rodent, <em>Leopoldamys edwardsi,</em> in Southwest China. We showed that animals repeatedly caching and recovering weak odor seeds exhibited greater olfactory ability and spatial memory, as indicated by alterations in the protein profiles of the olfactory bulbs and hippocampus. The upregulation of proteins closely related to neural connections between the olfactory bulb and hippocampus is highly responsible for improved olfactory function and spatial memory. Our study provides new insights into how scatter-hoarding rodents manage and respond to cached seeds differing in odor intensity from a neurobiological perspective, which is of significant importance for better understanding the parallel evolution of the olfactory and hippocampal systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"477 ","pages":"Article 115282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hindbrain networks: Exploring the hidden anxiety circuits in rodents","authors":"Yifu Zhou ,&nbsp;Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaosong Liang ,&nbsp;Zhidi Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115281","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115281","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anxiety disorders are multifaceted conditions that engage numerous brain regions and circuits. While the hindbrain is pivotal in fundamental biological functions, its role in modulating emotions has been underappreciated. This review will uncover critical targets and circuits within the hindbrain that are essential for both anxiety and anxiolytic effects, expanding on research obtained through behavioral tests. The bidirectional neural pathways between the hindbrain and other brain regions, with a spotlight on vagal afferent signaling, provide a crucial framework for unraveling the neural mechanisms underlying anxiety. Exploring neural circuits within the hindbrain can help to unravel the neurobiological mechanisms of anxiety and elucidate differences in the expression of these circuits between genders, thereby providing valuable insights for the development of future anxiolytic drugs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 115281"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The SIRT-1/Nrf2/HO-1 axis: Guardians of neuronal health in neurological disorders","authors":"Pranshul Sethi ,&nbsp;Sidharth Mehan ,&nbsp;Zuber Khan ,&nbsp;Pankaj Kumar Maurya ,&nbsp;Nitish Kumar ,&nbsp;Aakash Kumar ,&nbsp;Aarti Tiwari ,&nbsp;Tarun Sharma ,&nbsp;Ghanshyam Das Gupta ,&nbsp;Acharan S. Narula ,&nbsp;Reni Kalfin","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115280","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115280","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>SIRT1 (Sirtuin 1) is a NAD+-dependent deacetylase that functions through nucleoplasmic transfer and is present in nearly all mammalian tissues. SIRT1 is believed to deacetylate its protein substrates, resulting in neuroprotective actions, including reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, increased autophagy, increased nerve growth factors, and preserved neuronal integrity in aging or neurological disease. Nrf2 is a transcription factor that regulates the genes responsible for oxidative stress response and substance detoxification. The activation of Nrf2 guards cells against oxidative damage, inflammation, and carcinogenic stimuli. Several neurological abnormalities and inflammatory disorders have been associated with variations in Nrf2 activation caused by either pharmacological or genetic factors. Recent evidence indicates that Nrf2 is at the center of a complex cellular regulatory network, establishing it as a transcription factor with genuine pleiotropy. HO-1 is most likely a component of a defense mechanism in cells under stress, as it provides negative feedback for cell activation and mediator synthesis. This mediator is upregulated by Nrf2, nitric oxide (NO), and other factors in various inflammatory states. HO-1 or its metabolites, such as CO, may mitigate inflammation by modulating signal transduction pathways. Neurological diseases may be effectively treated by modulating the activity of HO-1. Multiple studies have demonstrated that SIRT1 and Nrf2 share an important connection. SIRT1 enhances Nrf2, activates HO-1, protects against oxidative injury, and decreases neuronal death. This has been associated with numerous neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, activating the SIRT1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway may help treat various neurological disorders. This review focuses on the current understanding of the SIRT1 and Nrf2/HO-1 neuroprotective processes and the potential therapeutic applications of their target activators in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 115280"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive function and brain structure in COVID-19 survivors: The role of persistent symptoms","authors":"Krupa Vakani ,&nbsp;Ray Norbury ,&nbsp;Martina Vanova ,&nbsp;Martina Ratto ,&nbsp;Andrew Parton ,&nbsp;Elena Antonova ,&nbsp;Veena Kumari","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persistent COVID-19 symptoms post-acute state have been shown to have a significant negative impact on brain structure and function. In this study, we conducted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the whole brain in 43 working-age adults (mean age: 44.79±10.80; range: 24–65 years) with a history of COVID-19 (731.17±312.41 days post-diagnosis), and also assessed their cognitive function (processing speed, attention, working memory, executive function, and recognition memory), mental health, and sleep quality. MRI data were processed using FSL to derive regional volumes for bilateral nucleus accumbens, caudate, pallidum, putamen, thalamus, amygdala, and hippocampus, and total grey matter, white matter, and cerebral spinal fluid volume, and analysed in relation to persistent COVID-19 symptom load, mental health, and sleep quality. Higher persistent COVID-19 symptom load was significantly associated with smaller putamen volume, lower response accuracy on working memory, executive function, and recognition memory tasks, as well as a longer time to complete the executive function task, and poorer mental health and sleep quality. Smaller putamen fully mediated the relationship between persistent COVID-19 symptom load and lower executive function. Further research is required to confirm whether reduced putamen volume and its association with poor executive function persists in COVID-19 survivors in the long term.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 115283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two distinct enriched housings differentially ameliorate object and place recognition deficits in a rat model of schizophrenia","authors":"Michimasa Toyoshima ,&nbsp;Katsumasa Takahashi ,&nbsp;Eri Sato ,&nbsp;Shota Shimoda,&nbsp;Kazuo Yamada","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder characterized by cognitive dysfunctions. These dysfunctions significantly impact the daily lives of schizophrenic patients, yet effective interventions remain scarce. In this study, we explored the effects of two enriched housing types—cognitive and physical—on cognitive dysfunctions in a rat model of schizophrenia. Male neonatal Wistar-Imamichi rats were administered MK-801, a noncompetitive NMDAR antagonist, twice daily from postnatal day (PND) 7 to PND 20. Physical enrichment ameliorated memory deficits in both object and place recognition tests, while cognitive enrichment primarily improved object recognition performance. Our findings suggest that exercise therapy could be a potential approach to address cognitive dysfunctions in schizophrenia patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 115276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late acute stress effects on decision-making: The magnified attraction to immediate gains in the iowa gambling task","authors":"Francisco Molins ,&nbsp;Nour Ben Hassen ,&nbsp;Miguel Ángel Serrano","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous literature indicates that the later phases of the acute stress response may promote poor decision-making, characterized by riskier choices and a likely inclination towards immediate reward-seeking. However, all studies addressing the effect of this phase have treated decisional capacity as a singular dimension, without analyzing the underlying processes under decision-making. Employing the Value-Plus-Perseveration (VPP) RL model, based on Bayesian logic, this study aims to gain specific insights into how late phase of acute stress impacts the cognitive processes underpinning decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), deciphering whether, as expected, gains are processed in a magnified manner. Seventy-three participants were randomly assigned to two groups, stress (N = 35) and control (N = 38). A virtual version of The Trier Social Stress Test (TSST-VR) was employed as a laboratory stressor. Decision-making was evaluated 35 minutes after the stressor onset, by means of the IGT. Results showed that stressed participants, in comparison to control group, displayed more perseverant and consistent decision-making, enhanced memory, and reinforcement learning capabilities, yet were guided by a greater attraction to decks offering immediate high gains. These results are analyzed with the understanding that in the IGT, short-term decisions focused on instant rewards are seen as counterproductive. This suggests that stress could limit the ability to switch to strategies that are more cautious and offer greater long-term benefits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 115279"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142375024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated analysis of a novel object recognition test in mice using image processing and machine learning","authors":"Takuya Kishi ,&nbsp;Koji Kobayashi ,&nbsp;Kazuo Sasagawa ,&nbsp;Katsuya Sakimura ,&nbsp;Takashi Minato ,&nbsp;Misato Kida ,&nbsp;Takahiro Hata ,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Kitagawa ,&nbsp;Chihiro Okuma ,&nbsp;Takahisa Murata","doi":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The novel object recognition test (NORT) is one of the most commonly employed behavioral tests in experimental animals designed to evaluate an animal's interest in and recognition of novelty. However, manual procedures, which rely on researchers’ observations, prevent high throughput analysis. In this study, we developed an automated analysis method for NORT utilizing machine learning-assisted exploratory behavior detection. We recorded the exploratory behavior of the mice using a video camera. The coordinates of the mouse nose and tail base in recorded video files were detected using a pre-trained machine learning model, DeepLabCut. Each video was then segmented into frame images, which were categorized into \"exploratory,” or \"non-exploratory\" frames based on manual observation. Mouse feature vectors were calculated as vectors from the nose to the vertices of the object and were utilized for SVM training. The trained SVM effectively detected exploratory behaviors, showing a strong correlation with human observer assessments. Upon application to NORT, the duration of mouse exploratory behavior towards objects predicted by the SVM exhibited a significant correlation with the assessments made by human observers. The novelty discrimination index derived from the SVM predictions also aligned well with that from human observations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8823,"journal":{"name":"Behavioural Brain Research","volume":"476 ","pages":"Article 115278"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142364231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}