Battery EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1002/bte2.70006
Chang Ma, Yue Wang, Binji Zhu, Shuwen Ma, Bangguo Zhou, Xiaodong Shao, Na Han, Jingli Shi, Xiangwu Zhang, Yan Song
{"title":"Sulfur-Enriched Pitch-Based Carbon Nanofibers With Lotus Root-Like Axial Pores for Boosting Sodium Storage Performance","authors":"Chang Ma, Yue Wang, Binji Zhu, Shuwen Ma, Bangguo Zhou, Xiaodong Shao, Na Han, Jingli Shi, Xiangwu Zhang, Yan Song","doi":"10.1002/bte2.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pitch is a promising precursor for preparing carbon materials for anode of sodium-ion batteries. Heteroatom doping is an effective way to increase the sodium storage capacity while constructing reasonable pores and nanosizing the carbon skeleton help to achieve a high-rate performance of anodes. In this work, sulfur-doped carbon nanofibers with lotus root-like axial pores were prepared using coal liquefaction pitch as the main precursor by electrospinning, pre-oxidation, sulfurization, and carbonization. A considerable content of 7.41 wt.% of sulfur was doped into the carbon skeleton after low-temperature gas-phase sulfurization and subsequent carbonization. The as-prepared sulfur-doped porous carbon nanofiber films, used as self-supporting electrodes of sodium-ion batteries, display high specific capacity (528.5 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 25 mA g<sup>−1</sup>), high-rate performance (209.3 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at 500 mA g<sup>−1</sup>) and exceptional cycling stability (96.97% of retention at 500 mA g<sup>−1</sup> over 1000 cycles). With desirable flexibility and excellent sodium storage performance, the achieved sulfur-doped porous carbon nanofibers hold great promise for potential applications as self-supporting anodes of sodium-ion batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":8807,"journal":{"name":"Battery Energy","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bte2.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Battery EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1002/bte2.70004
Hongyi Wang, Ji Sun, Jinzhe Liang, Li Zhai, Zitian Tang, Zijian Li, Wei Zhai, Xusheng Wang, Weihao Gao, Sheng Gong
{"title":"CrysToGraph: A Comprehensive Predictive Model for Crystal Material Properties and the Benchmark","authors":"Hongyi Wang, Ji Sun, Jinzhe Liang, Li Zhai, Zitian Tang, Zijian Li, Wei Zhai, Xusheng Wang, Weihao Gao, Sheng Gong","doi":"10.1002/bte2.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The bonding across the lattice and ordered structures endow crystals with unique symmetry and determine their macroscopic properties. Crystals with unique properties such as low-dimensional materials, metal-organic frameworks, and defected crystals, in particular, exhibit different structures from bulk crystals and possess exotic physical properties, making them intriguing subjects for investigation. To accurately predict the physical and chemical properties of crystals, it is crucial to consider long-range orders. While GNNs excel at capturing the local environment of atoms in crystals, they often face challenges in effectively capturing longe range interactions due to their limited depth. In this paper, we propose CrysToGraph (<b>Crys</b>tals with <b>T</b>ransformers <b>o</b>n <b>Graph</b>), a transformer-based geometric graph network designed for unconventional crystalline systems, and UnconvBench, a benchmark to evaluate models' predictive performance on multiple categories of crystal materials. CrysToGraph effectively captures short-range interactions with transformer-based graph convolution blocks as well as long-range interactions with graph-wise transformer blocks. CrysToGraph proves its effectiveness in modelling all types of crystal materials in multiple tasks, and moreover, it outperforms most existing methods, achieving new state-of-the-art results on two benchmarks. This work has the potential to accelerate the development of novel crystal materials in various fields, including the anodes, cathodes, and solid-state electrolytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8807,"journal":{"name":"Battery Energy","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bte2.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Battery EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1002/bte2.70005
Abubakar Dahiru Shuaibu, Abdulmajid A. Mirghni, Syed Shaheen Shah, Yuda Prima Hardianto, Atif Saeed Alzahrani, Md. Abdul Aziz
{"title":"Enhancing Temperature-Optimized Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for High-Voltage, High-Energy Supercapacitors Utilizing Date Stone-Derived Carbon in Coin Cell Configuration","authors":"Abubakar Dahiru Shuaibu, Abdulmajid A. Mirghni, Syed Shaheen Shah, Yuda Prima Hardianto, Atif Saeed Alzahrani, Md. Abdul Aziz","doi":"10.1002/bte2.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the advancement of coin cell supercapacitors (SCs) for sustainable, high-performance energy storage by employing biomass-derived date stone activated carbon with various ionic liquid (IL) electrolytes at different temperatures. The research reveals that SCs demonstrate both pseudocapacitive and electrochemical double-layer characteristics. Among the tested ILs, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (BMIMOTf) emerges as the most effective, achieving an impressive energy density of 129.9 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup>, a power density of 403.8 W kg<sup>−1</sup>, and a specific capacitance of 103.9 F g<sup>−1</sup> at 0.5 A g<sup>−</sup><sup>1</sup>. After 5000 cycles, the supercapacitor utilizing BMIMOTf maintains 97.3% of its initial capacitance and exhibits a Coulombic efficiency approaching 100%. Additionally, temperature-dependent analyses from room temperature to 50°C reveal that higher temperatures boost the electrochemical performance of the SC, attributed to improved ionic conductivity. This research offers a more comprehensive understanding of how materials and electrolytes interact, emphasizing the capacity of BMIMOTf to foster innovations in eco-friendly energy storage solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8807,"journal":{"name":"Battery Energy","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bte2.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Battery EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-26DOI: 10.1002/bte2.70007
Xinhao Yang, Francisco Muñoz, Pamela Vargas, Teresa Palomar, Nataly C. Rosero-Navarro
{"title":"Electrochemical Stability and Ionic Conductivity of AlF3 Containing Lithium Borate Glasses: Fluorine Effect, Strength or Weakness?","authors":"Xinhao Yang, Francisco Muñoz, Pamela Vargas, Teresa Palomar, Nataly C. Rosero-Navarro","doi":"10.1002/bte2.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Fluorides are commonly regarded as interfacial additives that enhance the electrochemical stability of solid-state battery electrolytes. In this study, we synthesized lithium borate glassy solid electrolytes and investigated the effect of adding aluminum fluoride (AlF<sub>3</sub>) on its stability against lithium metal electrodes. Samples maintained their amorphous nature, with up to 9.20 wt.% of fluorine in the glass. Lithium borate glasses, with and without AlF<sub>3</sub>, demonstrated an excellent electrochemical performance, sustaining a stable lithium voltage profile at current densities from 0.01 to 1 mA cm⁻² at 160°C. Notably, the lithium borate glass with the highest lithium ion content achieved the highest relative ionic conductivity and cycled stably for up to 500 h at current densities of 1 mA cm⁻² at 160°C in symmetric LiǀglassǀLi cells. However, the addition of AlF<sub>3</sub> to lithium borate glass significantly compromises its electrochemical stability. In long-term symmetrical cell tests, the AlF<sub>3</sub>-containing lithium borate glass exhibited short-circuiting under 0.3 mA cm⁻², revealing unexpectedly poor stability. These findings offer valuable insights for evaluating the impact of fluorine incorporation on the performance of solid-state battery electrolytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8807,"journal":{"name":"Battery Energy","volume":"4 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bte2.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Battery EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1002/bte2.20240057
Mohsen Alizadeh Afroozi, Mohammad Gramifar, Babak Hazratifar, Mohammad Mahdi Keshvari, Seyed Behnam Razavian
{"title":"Optimization of Lithium-Ion Battery Circular Economy in Electric Vehicles in Sustainable Supply Chain","authors":"Mohsen Alizadeh Afroozi, Mohammad Gramifar, Babak Hazratifar, Mohammad Mahdi Keshvari, Seyed Behnam Razavian","doi":"10.1002/bte2.20240057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.20240057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lithium batteries constitute a pivotal component in electric vehicles (EVs) owing to their rechargeability and high-power output capabilities. Despite their advantageous features, these batteries encounter longevity challenges, posing disposal complications and an insufficient sustainable supply chain ecosystem to address the growing demand for lithium batteries. One potential solution to address this issue is the implementation of a circular economy model. This study aims to identify and assess the key barriers to optimizing a sustainable supply chain in the lithium-ion battery circular economy using an integrated Gray Multi-Criteria Decision Making approach within the automotive sector. The novelty of this research lies in its application of Gray Possibility Comparison and Gray Possibility of degree to address these uncertainties. By integrating Gray DEMATEL (Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory) and Gray ANP (Analytic Network Process) methods, this study offers a more flexible and adaptive framework for identifying and analyzing the interrelationships among barriers. The research process involves validating the identified barriers through the Gray Delphi method, followed by the application of Gray DEMATEL to establish the cause-effect relationships among the barriers. Finally, Gray ANP is used to assign weights and prioritize the barriers into primary and secondary categories. The results indicate that the barrier “Lack of supportive policies and standards” holds the highest importance and influence, with a weight of 0.101225.</p>","PeriodicalId":8807,"journal":{"name":"Battery Energy","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bte2.20240057","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Lithium Borate/Boric Acid Optimized Multifunctional Binder Facilitates Silicon Anodes With Enhanced Initial Coulombic Efficiency, Structural Strength, and Cycling Stability","authors":"Xiang Wang, Tingting Li, Naiwen Liang, Xiaofan Liu, Fan Zhang, Yangfan Li, Yating Yang, Yujie Yang, Wenqing Ma, Zhongchang Wang, Jiang Yin, Yahui Yang, Lishan Yang","doi":"10.1002/bte2.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Silicon-based anodes are among the most appealing possibilities for high-capacity anode materials, considering that they possess a high theoretical capacity. However, the significant volumetric changes during cycling lead to rapid capacity degradation, hindering their commercial application in high-energy density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). This research introduces a novel organic-inorganic cross-linked binder system: sodium alginate-lithium borate-boric acid (Alg-LBO-BA). This three-dimensional network structure effectively buffers the volumetric changes of Si particles, maintaining overall electrode stability. LBO serves as prelithiation agent, compensating for irreversible lithium consumption during SEI formation, and the Si−O−B structure offers a plethora of Lewis acid sites, enhancing lithium-ion transport and interfacial stability. At a current activation of 0.2 A g<sup>−1</sup>, the optimized silicon anode shows an initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 91%. After 200 cycles at 1 A g<sup>−1</sup>, it retains a reversible capacity of 1631.8 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> and achieves 1768.0 mAh g<sup>−1</sup> at a high current density of 5 A g<sup>−1</sup>. This study presents a novel approach to designing organic-inorganic binders for silicon anodes, significantly advancing the development of high-performance silicon anodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8807,"journal":{"name":"Battery Energy","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bte2.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Battery EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-17DOI: 10.1002/bte2.20240040
Basir Akbar, Kil To Chong, Hilal Tayara
{"title":"Analysis of Ruddlesden-Popper and Dion-Jacobson 2D Lead Halide Perovskites Through Integrated Experimental and Computational Analysis","authors":"Basir Akbar, Kil To Chong, Hilal Tayara","doi":"10.1002/bte2.20240040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.20240040","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two-dimensional (2D) lead halide perovskites (LHPs) have captured a range of interest for the advancement of state-of-the-art optoelectronic devices, highly efficient solar cells, next-generation energy harvesting technologies owing to their hydrophobic nature, layered configuration, and remarkable chemical/environmental stabilities. These 2D LHPs have been categorized into the Dion-Jacobson (DJ) and Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) systems based on their layered configuration respectively. To efficiently classify the RP and DJ phases synthetically and reduce reliance on trial/error method, machine learning (ML) techniques needs to develop. Herein, this work effectively identifies RP and DJ phases of 2D LHPs by implementing various ML models. ML models were trained on 264 experimental data set using 10-fold stratified cross-validation, hyperparameter optimization with Optuna, and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) were employed. The stacking classifier efficiently classified RP and DJ phases, demonstrating a minimal variation between the sensitivity and specificity and achieved a high Balance Accuracy (BA) of (0.83) on independent test data set. Our best model tested on 17 hybrid 2D LHPs and three experimental synthesized 2D LHPs aligns well experimental outcomes, a significant advance in cutting edge ML models. Thus, this proposed study has unlocked a new route toward the rational classification of RP and DJ phases of 2D LHPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8807,"journal":{"name":"Battery Energy","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bte2.20240040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanistic Understanding of the Solid Product in O2-Involved Li-CO2 Batteries","authors":"Aijing Yan, Xu Xiao, Zhuojun Zhang, Zehui Zhao, Yasen Hao, Tenghui Qiu, Peng Tan","doi":"10.1002/bte2.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lithium carbonate, a solid discharge product, is closely associated with the discharge performance of oxygen-involved lithium-carbon dioxide batteries that exacerbates concentration polarization and electrode passivation. Although numerous strategies to enhance battery performance have progressed, the mechanistic understanding of lithium carbonate on oxygen-involved lithium-carbon dioxide batteries is still confusing. Herein, the effects of lithium carbonate over past decades are traced, including the lithium carbonate product morphology, reaction pathway, formation intermediate, and growth mechanism. The lithium carbonate nucleation and growth are crucial factors that influence battery performance. This perspective proposes a brand-new growth mechanism coupling of solution and surface mechanisms based on experimental results and theories, which extends the growth space of the product and enhances the discharge capacity. Developing advanced technologies are expected to reveal complex lithium carbonate formation pathways and spearhead advanced oxygen-involved lithium-carbon dioxide batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":8807,"journal":{"name":"Battery Energy","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bte2.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Battery EnergyPub Date : 2025-02-16DOI: 10.1002/bte2.70002
Giuseppe Pascuzzi, Sabrina Trano, Carlotta Francia, Stefano Turri, Federico Bella, Gianmarco Griffini
{"title":"Elucidating the Interplay Between Structure and Electrochemical Behavior in Lignin-Based Polymer Electrolytes for Potassium Batteries","authors":"Giuseppe Pascuzzi, Sabrina Trano, Carlotta Francia, Stefano Turri, Federico Bella, Gianmarco Griffini","doi":"10.1002/bte2.70002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.70002","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Potassium batteries are very appealing for stationary applications and domestic use, offering a promising alternative to lithium-ion systems. To improve their safety and environmental impact, gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) based on bioderived materials can be employed. In this work, a series of biobased membranes are developed by crosslinking pre-oxidized Kraft lignin as bio-based component and poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether (PEGDGE) as functional linker with 200, 500, and 1000 g mol<sup>−1</sup> molecular weight. The influence of PEGDGE chain length on the physicochemical properties and electrochemical performance of GPEs for potassium batteries is investigated. These membranes exhibit thermal stability above 240°C and tunable glass transition temperatures depending on the PEGDGE molecular weight. Their mechanical properties are determined by rheology measurements in dry and swollen states, evidencing a slight decrease of elastic modulus (G′) by increasing PEGDGE chain length. An approximately one-order-of-magnitude lower G′ value is observed in swollen membranes versus their dry counterpart. Upon successful activation of the lignin-based membranes by swelling in the liquid electrolyte embedding potassium salts, these GPEs are tested in potassium metal cell prototypes. These systems exhibit ionic conductivity of ~10<sup>−3</sup> S cm<sup>−1</sup> at ambient temperature. Interestingly, battery devices equipped with the GPE based on PEGDGE 1000 g mol<sup>−1</sup> withstand current densities as high as 1.5 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> during operation. Moreover, the same devices reach specific capacities of 130 mAh g<sup>‒1</sup> at 0.05 A g<sup>−1</sup> in the first 100 cycles and long-term operation for over 2500 cycles, representing outstanding achievements as bio-sourced systems for potassium batteries.</p>","PeriodicalId":8807,"journal":{"name":"Battery Energy","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bte2.70002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Synthesis Effects on the Performance of P2-Na0.6Li0.27Mn0.73O2 Cathode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Cuihong Zeng, Ziqin Zhang, Jiming Peng, Jia Qiao, Qichang Pan, Fenghua Zheng, Youguo Huang, Hongqiang Wang, Qingyu Li, Sijiang Hu","doi":"10.1002/bte2.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bte2.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sodium-layered oxides are a promising category of cathodes for sodium-ion batteries with high energy densities. The solid-state method is the typical approach to synthesizing these oxides because of its simple procedure and low cost. Although the reaction conditions have usually been understated, the effect of reagents has often been overlooked. Thus, fundamental insight into the chemical reagents is required to perform well. Here we report in situ structural and electrochemical methods of studying the effect of using different reagents. The materials have a composite structure containing layered NaMnO<sub>2</sub> and Li<sub>2</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub> components, where oxygen anionic redox can be triggered at high voltage by forming Na–O–Li configurations. The samples synthesized via MnCO<sub>3</sub>-based precursors form the Li<sub>2</sub>MnO<sub>3</sub> phase at evaluated temperature and perform better than those through MnO<sub>2</sub>-based precursors. This work demonstrates that the reagents also impact the structure and performance of sodium-layered oxides, which provides new insight into developing high-energy cathode material.</p>","PeriodicalId":8807,"journal":{"name":"Battery Energy","volume":"4 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bte2.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143632666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}