Avian Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence and co-infection of infectious tumour viruses in chickens in Shandong Province, China.","authors":"Lin Jiang, Xinyuan Wang, Zhenyang Li, Yixin Wang, Kexin Jin, Zhaoyang Feng, Jie Xu, Jiamin Bian, Sidang Liu, Fanliang Meng, Jianzhu Liu","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2662474","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2662474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>The co-infection rate of infectious tumour disease in chickens is 37% in China.The incidence rate is the highest in Dezhou City.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"524-537"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148197161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protection against HPAI-H5N8 early challenge in commercial broilers with maternal immunity: prime-boost vs. single vaccination of a trivalent H5-inactivated vaccine.","authors":"Wael M K Elfeil, Marwa Safwat, Mohamed A Abaza, Ahmed R Elbestawy, Eslam Arafa, Manal Afify, Magdy F Elkady, Walid H Kilany","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2603919","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2603919","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>A phylogenetic study has proven vaccine genetic match with circulating H5N8 strains.Prime-boost vaccine regimen provided 100% survival in H5N8-challenged broilers.Enhanced immunity observed in prime-boost groups, with minimal viral shedding.Single-dose groups achieved 91.7% survival and showed higher viral shedding.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"450-457"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145755143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistence of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in farms with chickens immunized with Massachusetts vaccines alone or combined with 793B serotype.","authors":"Ariel Eduardo Vagnozzi, Rocio Del Carmen Gerez Miranda, Valeria Olivera, Gustavo Asenzo, Daniela Cordara, Sebastián Di Giacomo, Cecilia Ferrufino, Eliza Pozzobon, Fernando Timo","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2663952","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2663952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) remains a major challenge for poultry production due to its genetic diversity and rapid evolution under vaccination pressure. This study evaluated how changes in vaccination strategy affect IBV lineage dynamics in commercial broiler farms using a sentinel-bird model. Six farms were monitored over 2 consecutive years. During the first survey (Y1), broilers were vaccinated with a combination of Massachusetts (GI-1) and 793B (GI-13) strains, whereas during the second survey (Y2) vaccination was restricted to Massachusetts alone. Non-vaccinated sentinel birds placed within vaccinated flocks were sampled at different time-points for IBV detection, genotyping, and serology. Overall IBV detection reached 65%, with GI-1, GI-13, and GI-16 lineages identified. In Y2, after withdrawal of the 793B vaccine, a significant expansion of the field strain GI-16 was observed (<i>P</i> < 0.0001), with widespread distribution across farms, while GI-13 continued to circulate despite cessation of its use. GI-1 was primarily associated with respiratory tissues (<i>P</i> = 0.003), whereas GI-16 showed increased detection in lymphoid tissues and older birds. Mixed infections and elevated antibody titres indicated ongoing viral circulation. These findings indicate that changes in vaccination strategy are associated with alterations in IBV lineage distribution, highlighting the importance of aligning vaccination strategies with circulating field strains and supporting continuous molecular surveillance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"538-547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the first specific real-time PCR TaqMan assay for fowl adenovirus serotype 11 diagnosis.","authors":"Amina Kardoudi, Fellahi Siham, Allaoui Abdelmounaaim, Kichou Faouzi, Ouchhour Ikram, Charifa Drissi Touzani, Jackson Thomas, Benani Abdelouaheb","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2642634","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2642634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Development of the first specific real-time PCR TaqMan assay for FAdV-11 detection, quantification, and genotyping in one reaction.Excellent linearity (R² = 0.995) and analytical sensitivity of 10 copies/µl.Specific amplification of FAdV-11 with no cross-reactivity with other FAdV serotypes or avian pathogens.Clinical validation on IBH field samples showed perfect concordance with sequencing results.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"458-468"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147479927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative immunogenicity and cross-protection of wild-type and reverse genetics H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4b) oil-adjuvanted vaccines against circulating H5N1 avian influenza viruses from clades 2.3.4.4b and 2.2.1.2.","authors":"Ahmed Mohamed Abdelaal, Sara H Mahmoud, Mohamed Refaat Shehata, Elsayed Tarek AbdElSalam, Noura M Abo Shama, Ahmed M Kandeil, Mahmoud Shehata, Mohamed A Ali, Ahmed A Khalil","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2671739","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2671739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N8 viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b continue to cause devastating outbreaks worldwide, necessitating effective vaccination strategies. The comparative efficacy of wild-type versus reverse genetics (RG)-based vaccine platforms against emerging H5Nx variants remains poorly characterized, particularly regarding cross-protective immunity mechanisms. We conducted a comprehensive comparative analysis of wild-type and RG-based H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4b) oil-adjuvanted vaccines in specific-pathogen-free chickens (<i>n</i> = 150, power analysis based on detecting two-fold titre differences with 80% power, <i>α</i> = 0.05). Following single-dose vaccination, we assessed humoral and cellular immune responses, protection against homologous H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4b), antigenically drifted and heterologous challenges [H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b and H5N1 clade 2.2.1.2], and viral shedding dynamics using standardized assays. Both vaccines induced robust homologous antibody responses (HI titres: wild-type 7.2 ± 0.15 vs. RG 6.8 ± 0.13 log₂, <i>P</i> < 0.05) by 28 days post-vaccination. Challenge studies revealed 100% protection against homologous H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4b) for both vaccines, while wild-type vaccine demonstrated superior heterologous protection against H5N1 (clade 2.2.1.2): 60% vs. 40% (<i>P</i> = 0.04). Viral load quantification showed >3.0 log₁₀ reduction in respiratory tissues, with strong correlation between HI titres and protection (<i>r</i> = 0.89, <i>P</i> < 0.001). Cellular immunity assessment revealed enhanced Th1-biased responses in wild-type vaccine recipients interferon-gamma/interleukin-4 (IFN-γ/IL-4 ratio: 1.61 vs. 1.49, <i>P</i> = 0.035), potentially explaining superior cross-protection. Wild-type H5N8 vaccines provided enhanced cross-protection compared to RG-based platforms while maintaining equivalent homologous efficacy. HI titres ≥4.5 log₂ represent a critical threshold for protection, with optimal protection achieved at ≥6.0 log₂. These findings establish evidence-based correlates of protection and inform rational vaccine selection strategies for H5N8 control programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"548-561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148148209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pathogenicity of FAdV-D serotype 2 in broiler and layer chicks.","authors":"Amr M Geneedy, Hatem S Abd El-Hamid, Hany F Ellakany, Ahmed R Elbestawy, Ahmed H Salaheldin, Ahmed E Noreldin, Ayman H Abd El-Aziz, Fares El-Khyate, Ahmed R Gado","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2507023","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2507023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eighty, 1-day-old (DO) broiler chicks and 80 1-DO male layer chicks were experimentally infected with two isolates of fowl adenovirus D <b>(</b>FAdV-D) serotype 2 isolated from broiler chickens suffering inclusion body hepatitis (IBH) (accession numbers ON603311 and ON603320). Clinical observation was performed up to 28-DO, and samples from the liver, pancreas, kidneys, spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius were collected for histopathological examination. Furthermore, FAdV-D viral shedding was tested up to 21DO. Serological response to IBH (FAdV-D) through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and blood biochemical analysis, as well as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for some innate immune response parameters (interleukins and cytokines) to IBH were applied. Also, immune response of chicks to avian influenza and Newcastle disease vaccines was evaluated using the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test. No mortality was observed following experimental infection of either broiler or layer chicks with FAdV-D serotype 2 isolates, despite the clearly evidenced histopathological damage in the liver, pancreas, kidneys, spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius. Viral shedding extended to 21DO. Neither isolate could induce serological response, but both elevated the interleukins and cytokines. In conclusion, broilers were more susceptible to IBH-FAdV infection than layer chicks. FAdV-D serotype 2, which causes IBH, had an immunosuppressive effect on chickens.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"392-404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144324393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a multi-clade inactivated recombinant vaccine against the circulating highly pathogenic influenza A/H5N1 of clade 2.3.4.4b in poultry.","authors":"Wael M Elfeil, Marwa Safwat, Ahmed Sedeek, Amany Adel, Heba Hassan, Mohamed A Zain El-Abideen, Ibrahim Ali, Islam Hisham, Abdelsatar Arafa, Abdullah Selim, Manal Afifi, Momtaz A Shaheen, Magdy F Elkady, Walid H Kilany","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2582672","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2582672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Commercial inactivated vaccines improved the clinical picture of H5N1 in challenged birds.The developed vaccines induced protective antibody titres against HPAIV clade 2.3.4.4b within 4 weeks.The developed vaccines provided full protection against challenge by HPAIV clade 2.3.4.4b.The developed vaccines provided a significant reduction in virus shedding.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"438-449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145586075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of management and air quality conditions on development of respiratory and gastroenteric disease, and antibiotics phenotypic resistance in domestic canaries (<i>Serinus canaria domesticus</i>).","authors":"Tiziano Iemmi, Giovanna Zanardi, Roberto Ramoni, Alicia Maria Carrillo Heredero, Alice Prosperi, Valentina Ravaioli, Elisabetta Lilliu, Camilla Torreggiani, Simone Bertini","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2623655","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2623655","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Air quality plays a crucial role in maintaining the health of birds housed in indoor facilities. This study evaluated the impact of environmental and air quality parameters on the health of domestic canaries (<i>Serinus canaria domesticus</i>) in 102 Italian flocks, classified according to disease prevalence: healthy (H) and diseased (D), with D further divided into respiratory (RD) and gastrointestinal (GID) disorders. Environmental indicators included particulate matter (PM), carbon dioxide (CO₂), formaldehyde (HCHO), total volatile organic compounds (TVOC), temperature (T°), relative humidity (RH) and bird stocking density (<i>n</i>/m³). These variables were analysed alongside clinical status, the presence of canary circovirus (CaCV) and polyomavirus (CaPyV), microbiological findings, and antimicrobial resistance patterns. Significantly higher PM and CO₂ concentrations were detected in RD flocks, supporting the role of poor air quality in respiratory disease onset. CaCV and CaPyV circulation were detected in 30.4% and 6.9% of flocks, respectively. Flocks positive for CaCV showed significantly higher CO₂ levels and bird stocking density, suggesting a link between inadequate environmental management and viral persistence. Microbiological analysis revealed widespread antimicrobial resistance: 60.8% of Gram-negative and 54.4% of Gram-positive isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Moreover, correlations between environmental parameters and resistance profiles were identified, though highly variable by microbial type and health status. Overall, these results emphasize that maintaining optimal air quality and environmental conditions is essential for preventing disease and limiting antimicrobial phenotypic resistance in canary breeding facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"285-298"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147442321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Poultry erysipelas - a case series from 1998-2023, highlighting diagnostic features, farmer interventions and molecular epidemiology.","authors":"Helena Eriksson, Robert Söderlund, Eva Wattrang, Désirée S Jansson","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2645839","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2645839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Erysipelas is an important differential diagnosis of severe viral diseases.Most of the outbreaks occurred in organic and free-range laying hen flocks.Pre-enrichment or selective culture is useful in case of suspected co-infection.Isolates from temporally clustered outbreaks on a farm are often clonal.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"318-331"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147687851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the pathogenicity of novel non-pathogenic <i>Avibacterium paragallinarum</i> isolates and their protective potential against infectious coryza.","authors":"Mostafa M S Shelkamy, Callie Fay, Amro Hashish, Eman Gadu, Mariela Srednik, Onyekachukwu Osemeke, Maria Chaves, Caroline Comyn, Qijing Zhang, Yuko Sato, Mohamed El-Gazzar","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2649913","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2026.2649913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infectious coryza (IC) is a chicken respiratory disease caused by <i>Avibacterium paragallinarum</i> (AP). Recently, multiple naïve-healthy layer (NHL) flocks tested positive for AP by both qPCR and bacterial isolation without clinical signs. Therefore, acquired AP isolates from these NHL flocks were dubbed non-pathogenic AP (npAP). The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenicity of npAP isolates (Phase I) and their ability to confer protection against IC (Phase II). Seven groups (G1-G7) of 26-week-old laying hens were challenged via intra-sinus injection with seven npAP isolates obtained from five sites out of four states. Positive control group was challenged with Midwestern pathogenic AP (pAP) serovar C1 isolate, while the negative control received saline. No significant differences (<i>P</i> > 0.05) in mean clinical, infraorbital sinus gross and histopathological lesion scores were observed between G1-G7 and the negative control, supporting that these isolates are non-pathogenic, whereas the positive control had significantly higher scores (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Four weeks later (Phase II), G1-G7, as well as the original positive control group, were re-challenged with the same C1 isolate to assess protection. G1-G7 developed clinical signs, infraorbital sinus gross and histopathological lesions comparable to the new positive control. In conclusion, the study results match field observations and confirm the novel npAP isolates are non-pathogenic to chickens. Additionally, npAP isolates do not confer protection against circulating Midwestern pAP serovar C1. Given their prevalence in NHL flocks in the US, npAP should be ruled out before confirming IC diagnosis in flocks without clinical signs.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":"55 3","pages":"343-360"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148052127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}