Avian Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Genome sequences of haemagglutinin cleavage site predict the pathogenicity phenotype of avian influenza virus: statistically validated data for facilitating rapid declarations and reducing reliance on <i>in vivo</i> testing.","authors":"Dong-Hun Lee, Mia K Torchetti, Mary Lea Killian, Ian Brown, David E Swayne","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2317430","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2317430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the pathogenicity in chickens, most H1-H16 avian influenza viruses (AIV) cause mild diseases, whereas some of the H5 and H7 AI viruses cause severe, systemic disease. The number of basic amino acids in the haemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site of AIV plays a critical role in pathogenicity. As we gain a greater understanding of the molecular mechanisms of pathogenicity, genome sequencing of the HA0 cleavage site has assumed a greater role in assessment of the potential pathogenicity of H5 and H7 viruses. We validated the use of HA cleavage site motif analysis by comparing molecular pathotyping data against experimental <i>in vivo</i> (intravenous pathogenicity index [IVPI] and lethality) data for determination of both low pathogenicity and high pathogenicity AI virus declaration with the goal of expediting pathotype confirmation and further reducing the reliance on <i>in vivo</i> testing. Our data provide statistical support to the continued use of molecular determination of pathotype for AI viruses based on the HA cleavage site sequence in the absence of an <i>in vivo</i> study determination. This approach not only expedites the declaration process of highly pathogenic AIV (HPAIV) but also reduces the need for experimental <i>in vivo</i> testing of H5 and H7 viruses.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"242-246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avian Diseases 68.1 Table of Contents.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2366672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2024.2366672","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":"53 4","pages":"322-323"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141417534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-dependent development trends (models) of intestinal significant microbiota species and <i>Eimeria</i> oocysts in coccidia-challenged broiler chickens as affected by dietary encapsulated organic acids and anticoccidial drugs.","authors":"Ali Nouri","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2319284","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2319284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>ABSTRACT</b>The study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary encapsulated organic acids (EOAs) and anticoccidials on the age-dependent development trend of intestinal <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>E. coli</i>, coliforms, and <i>Eimeria</i> in <i>Eimeria</i> spp.-infected broiler chickens from reused litter. In total, 525 mixed-sex 1-day-old broiler chickens were used in an uninfected/un-supplemented control plus a 2 (no EOA or 0.1% EOA) × 3 (no anticoccidial, 0.05% maduramicin, and 0.02% diclazuril) factorial arrangement of treatments as a completely randomized design with five replicates of 15 chickens. Results indicated that the cubic model is the best model for explaining the development trends of the intestinal microbial population in uninfected and infected chickens (affected by the EOAs and anticoccidials). Based on the cubic models, the microbial populations had development trends with a decreasing slope from 1-day-old until the early or middle finisher period. EOAs and anticoccidials, especially their simultaneous usage, improved (<i>P</i> < 0.05) the linear and cubic models' slope (affected negatively by <i>Eimeria</i> infection). A polynomial model (order = 6) was determined as the best model for explaining the EOAs and anticoccidial effects on the trend of intestinal <i>Eimeria</i> oocysts in infected chickens. The infection peak (which happened at 25 days) was reduced by EOAs and anticoccidials, especially their simultaneous usage. In conclusion, cubic and polynomial (order = 6) regressions are the best models fitted for explaining the microbiota and <i>Eimeria</i> oocysts trends, respectively. EOAs and anticoccidials, especially their simultaneous usage, had beneficial effects on the microbiota and <i>Eimeria</i> development trends and gastrointestinal health in coccidia-infected broiler chickens.‏<b>RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS</b>Cubic regression is the best model for explaining intestinal microbiota development.Polynomial regression is the best model for intestinal <i>Eimeria</i> oocysts development.Age-development trends are affected by dietary encapsulated organic acids and anticoccidials.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"264-284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139721433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Meetings, WVPA Matters and Announcements","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2366570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03079457.2024.2366570","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Avian Pathology (Vol. 53, No. 4, 2024)","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141508397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A walk through the broiler breeder life: how do footpad dermatitis and gait scores develop from rearing to slaughter?","authors":"Käthe Elise Kittelsen, Guro Vasdal, Ida Thøfner, Fernanda Tahamtani","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2304005","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2304005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The two most common animal-based indicators used to evaluate leg health in broiler chickens are footpad dermatitis (FPD) and gait scoring, but these indicators are less explored in broiler breeders. This study is the first to investigate FPD and gait scoring in broiler breeders during their lifespan from rearing to end of life. In total, eight flocks were monitored (four Ross and four Hubbard) at five different timepoints, in rearing (5 and 15 weeks of age), during the production period (25 and 45 weeks of age) and at the end of the production period (approximately 60 weeks of age). At each visit, 50 hens and 25 roosters were gait scored (six-point scale) and footpads from another 50 hens and 25 roosters were evaluated (five-point scale) (total <i>n</i> = 3000 breeders, 2000 hens and 1000 roosters). Litter quality and air quality were measured at each visit. The results showed that the overall prevalence of FPD in rearing was low and that it increased towards the end of the production, with a mean FPD score of 2 out of a maximum 4 in the hens, indicating moderate lesions and 1.5 in the roosters. In all houses, the litter was dry and loose. FPD was not related to the litter quality, but to air quality, especially the ammonia concentration (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Overall, the gait score were good, and increased with age in both hens (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and roosters of both hybrids (<i>P</i> < 0.001).</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"164-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139401630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and whole genome sequencing of North American lineage class I avian orthoavulavirus 1 isolated from wild Eurasian teal in South Korea.","authors":"Tae-Hyeon Kim, Andrew Y Cho, Sun-Hak Lee, Jei-Hyun Jeong, Chang-Seon Song, Justin Bahl, Dong-Hun Lee","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2312116","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2312116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report the first North American origin class I avian orthoavulavirus 1 (AOAV-1) isolated from a faecal dropping of wild Eurasian teal (<i>Anas crecca</i>) in South Korea. Whole genome sequencing and comparative phylogenetic analysis revealed that the AOAV-1/Eurasian teal/South Korea/KU1405-3/2017 virus belongs to the sub-genotype 1.2 of class I AOAV-1. Phylogenetic analysis suggested multiple introductions of the North American sub-genotype 1.2 viruses into Asia and its establishment in the wild bird population in East Asia since May 2011. These results provide information on the epidemiology of AOAV-1, particularly the role of migratory wild birds in exchanging viruses between the Eurasian and North American continents. Enhanced genomic surveillance is required to improve our understanding on the evolution and transmission dynamics of AOAV-1 in wild birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"194-198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139575103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of broilers to dietary inclusion of atoxigenic <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> strain as a biocontrol strategy of aflatoxin.","authors":"Abiola Olayemi Salako, Job Olutimehin Atteh, Taiwo Oladoye Akande, Isiaka Oyeniyi Kolade, Eunice Tayo Bajomo, Adejoke Adegoke","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2316025","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2316025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this trial was to evaluate how broilers responded to <i>Aspergillus flavus</i> strains that are toxigenic and atoxigenic. The study included four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial design, with six replicates of 10 birds each. As a result of this study measuring feed intake (FI), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), crude protein, ether extract, and crude fibre, the interaction was insignificant between the toxigenic and atoxigenic diets (<i>P</i> > 0.05). Consumption of toxigenic aflatoxin B1-500 ppb diet decreased FI and WG but increased FCR, and cost to produce live broiler weight (<i>P</i> < 0.05) compared to the control diets. The addition of atoxigenic strains to contaminated diets significantly offset (<i>P</i> < 0.05) the effects. Diets with or without 500 ppb toxigenic and atoxigenic <i>A. flavus</i> did not affect the relative weight g/100gBW of pancreas, gizzard and bursa of Fabricius. Dietary inclusion of 500 ppb toxigenic <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. increased the relative weight (<i>P</i> < 0.05) of the kidney, liver, spleen and thymus while atoxigenic dietary addition reduced the relative weight of the same organs (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Dietary inclusion of toxigenic and atoxigenic <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. did not significantly affect the haematological parameters measured (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Dietary inclusion of 500 ppb toxigenic <i>Aspergillus</i> elevated the urea, creatine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the serum of the broilers (<i>P</i> < 0.05). A decrease was observed when atox igenic <i>A. flavus</i> was used in the intervention for urea, creatinine and AST (<i>P</i> < 0.05), whereas an insignificant reduction was observed for ALT and ALP (<i>P</i> ≤ 0.05). This study concluded that dietary atoxigenic strain improved broiler performance, digestibility, and blood parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"218-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139691131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological investigation of fowl adenovirus (FAdV) infections in ducks and geese in Shandong Province, China.","authors":"Bingrong Wu, Xiaoning Jiang, Dalin He, Feng Wei, Mingtian Mao, YuDong Zhu, Hong Su, Yi Tang, Youxiang Diao","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2302138","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2302138","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Samples of suspected FAdV-infected waterfowl from farms in Shandong Province were collected from 2019 to 2022.Single infections with FAdV were less frequent than mixed infections.477 out of 792 samples (60.23%) tested positive for FAdV nucleic acids.Detection rate of FAdV was 65.47% in fattening duck farms, 55.73% in breeder duck farms and 54.55% in fattening geese farms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"155-163"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139416229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of <i>in ovo</i> injection of bacterial peptides and CpG-ODN on <i>Salmonella enterica</i> serovar Heidelberg infection in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chicks.","authors":"Victória Veiga Alves, Letícia Cury Rocha Veloso Arantes, Dayse Helena Lages da Silva, Eric Santos Oliveira, Julia Figueiredo de Souza, Mailson Teixeira da Silva, Matheus Dias Araújo, Rodrigo Dias de Oliveira Carvalho, João Luís Reis Cunha, Leonardo José Camargos Lara, Roselene Ecco, Nelson Rodrigo da Silva Martins, Paul Andrew Barrow, Oliveiro Caetano de Freitas Neto","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2307567","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2307567","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Peptides + CpG-ODN reduced SH in caeca at the first week post-infection.Administered formulations did not reduce SH-faecal excretion.Levels of intestinal IgA were similar between all groups.CpG-ODN improved some parameters associated with chick intestinal health.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"182-193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139490029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> efficiency of in-feed bacteriophage cocktail application to control <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium and <i>Salmonella</i> Enteritidis infection in broiler chicks.","authors":"Amir Hossein Pourabadeh, Seyed Ahmad Madani, Ruhollah Dorostkar, Mohammad Rezaeian, Hossein Esmaeili, Masoumeh Bolandian, Ali Salavati, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Hashemian, Arezoo Aghahasani","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2304628","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2024.2304628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Bacteriophage (BP) cocktail was partially resistant to different temperatures and pH values.The BP cocktail showed lytic effects on different <i>Salmonella</i> isolates.The BP cocktail reduced <i>Salmonella</i> colonization in the internal organs of broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"174-181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139416230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}