Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Antibacterial activity of Pycnostachys abyssinica and Rhamnus prinoides root and leaf extracts against targeted bacterial strains","authors":"Daniel Mulu ,&nbsp;Tsegaye Amsalu ,&nbsp;Galana Abaya ,&nbsp;Asefa Alemu ,&nbsp;Muluneh Temesgen","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The flora of Ethiopia comprises 6,500 to 7,000 species, with 12–19 % being endemic, including valuable medicinal plants. The study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of <em>Pycnostachys abyssinica</em> and <em>Rhamnus prinoides</em> root and leaf extracts against bacteria associated with various infections, particularly in clinical settings. Four different bacterial species associated with human infections in clinical settings namely; <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em> (ATCC 25923), <em>Enterobacter aerogenes</em> (ATCC 25922), <em>Streptococcus pyogenes</em> (ATCC 49619), and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (ATCC 27853) were obtained from the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI). The extraction and phytochemical screening were conducted using ethanol, methanol, and aqueous solvents. The antibacterial activity of the extracts was assessed using disc diffusion on agar medium, as well as minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) analysis. The qualitative phytochemical analysis of the extracts indicated varied phytochemical profiles among the plant species, their parts, and the extraction solvents used. The most susceptible bacterial species in the present study, based on MIC and MBC values, were <em>P. aeruginosa</em> and <em>E. aerogenes</em>, respectively. The least susceptible bacterial species was <em>S. epidermidis</em>, with significantly higher MIC and MBC values (p &lt; 0.001). Future studies should focus on isolating active compounds, conducting toxicity testing, and performing in vivo validations to assess clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 103656"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical analysis, molecular docking, in vitro cytotoxicity, enzyme inhibition and antioxidant activity of Viscum album subsp. austriacum in Turkey","authors":"Yakup Kadri Tekel ,&nbsp;Mehmet Hakkı Alma ,&nbsp;Yunus Başar ,&nbsp;Mehmet Salih Nas ,&nbsp;Mehmet Nuri Atalar ,&nbsp;Musa Karadağ ,&nbsp;Amine Hafis Abdelsalam ,&nbsp;Şevki Arslan","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Viscum album</em> L. (mistletoe) is known to have important medicinal properties despite being a semi-parasitic plant living in trees<em>.</em> The plant is widely described as effective in treating diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, arthritis, inflammation, and cancer thanks to its important bioactive components. In our study, the cytotoxic effects of methanol extract obtained from <em>V. album</em> subsp. <em>austriacum</em> (VAA) on human colon (Caco-2), human embryonic kidney (HEK293), and human prostate cancer (LNCaP) cells were investigated. Also, the phytochemical content (LC-ESI-MS/MS), antioxidant (ABTS˙+, DPPH˙), enzyme inhibitory (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) properties of the extract were investigated. Moreover, the inhibitory property of the main component molecule against human androgen receptor and the sodium-glucose transporter (SGLT) protein was calculated theoretically by molecular docking. Additionally, the stability of the complex was studied by performing molecular dynamic (MD) simulations and this was confirmed by calculating the binding energy with MM/PBSA. The LC-ESI-MS/MS results showed that chlorogenic acid (155.681 μg/100 g) was detected at high concentrations in the plant extract. Although the extract exhibited lower activity than the standards in ABTS˙⁺, DPPH˙ results, it displayed higher activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase. Besides this, chlorogenic acid and the SGLT protein were found to have a high binding energy (8.20 kcal/mol) in their interactions. Also, the MTT cell viability test showed a cytotoxic effect against LNCaP (EC₅₀: 53.075 μg/mL) and Caco-2 (EC₅₀: 68.88 μg/mL) cell lines. According to the MD result, chlorogenic acid was more stable and had a higher binding energy (−40.69 kcal/mol) towards the human androgen receptor. The data shows that <em>V. album</em> exhibits antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 103646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saccharomyces cerevisiae MYSY1 as a promising probiotic isolate with antifungal properties against foodborne Aspergillus species","authors":"B. Shruthi,&nbsp;B.V. Deepthi,&nbsp;G. Adithi,&nbsp;P.R. Vanitha,&nbsp;M.Y. Sreenivasa","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103649","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103649","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies on yeast as a beneficial microorganism are still in the early stages, with <em>Saccharomyces boulardii</em> being the most researched. In the present study, a total of 15 different yeast strain were isolated from Neera collected within Karnataka. Following a screening process, one promising strain, <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> MYSY1 was chosen for the further examination. Preliminary characterization and biochemical analysis revealed that <em>Saccharomyces cerevesiae</em> MYSY1 displayed promising probiotic characteristics, including the ability to survive acidic conditions, with a survival rate of over 65 %, and a strong adhesion rate of 74.5 % over 5 h. Moreover, <em>Saccharomyces cerevesiae</em> MYSY1 demonstrated strong antifungal capabilities by causing disorientation and structural changes in the mycelium and conidia of <em>Aspergillus niger</em> and <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em>. The study also found that both Volatile Organic compounds (VOCs) and cell-free supernatant (CFS) from <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> MYSY1 hindered the growth of mycelium. Conidia germination was inhibited by over 19.14 % with VOCs and over 36.05 % with CFS. Cell membrane integrity was assessed by staining with propidium iodide, and ergosterol content was measured, revealing a reduction of over 24 % in ergosterol content in treated mycelium. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> MYSY1 significantly inhibited the fungal growth by damaging the hyphae. Therefore, <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em> MYSY1, isolated from Neera, exhibited potential probiotic attributes with antifungal activity, establishing it as a probable candidate for use in the food industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 103649"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144364812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of TiO2 and ZnO nanoparticles using grape pomace extract: characterization and application in cotton fabric","authors":"Carlos Francisco Moreno-Cruz ,&nbsp;Daniel González-Mendoza ,&nbsp;Ulin Antobelli Basilio-Cortes ,&nbsp;Onecimo Grimaldo-Juárez ,&nbsp;Benjamín Valdez-Salas ,&nbsp;Ernesto Beltran-Partida ,&nbsp;Olivia Tzintzun-Camacho","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103645","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103645","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The textile industry faces significant challenges in water treatment due to chemical dyes used. The agroindustrial waste is an important source of natural dyes and compounds for the green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs). This study focused on the characterization of TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles from pink grape pomace extracts (PGPEs) and their applications in cotton fabrics as colored nanoparticles. Characterization of TiO₂ and ZnO was carried out using an UV–Vis spectrophotometer, and particle sizes were determined using dynamic light scattering. Additionally, the functional groups present in the TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles were identified using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Absorption peaks for TiO₂ and ZnO were observed in the range of 270–400 nm. The smallest nanoparticles were obtained for 1 mM pH 6 ZnONPs and 5 mM pH 6 ZnONPs (13.09 ± 6.42 nm and 13.14 ± 7.23 nm, respectively). The values of zeta potential indicated colloidal excellent stability for 5 mM pH 6 TiO₂NPs, and 1 mM pH 6 ZnONPs. The FTIR analysis suggests that phenolic compounds from PGPEs contribute to the synthesis of nanoparticles. Fabrics treated with TiO₂NPs exhibited light brown, and pink tones, while treatments with ZnNPs resulted in grayish-white colors in both cases. Variations in ΔE values indicated clear differences between the untreated cotton fabrics and those treated. In addition, chroma increased as a function of particle size, favoring the UV absorption and color fixation. Therefore, this study reveals the use of TiO₂NPs and ZnONPs from PGPEs as an environmentally friendly alternative to chemical dyes used in the textile industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 103645"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring rhizobacteria from Brazilian Pampa via multicriteria analysis to boost soybean and maize productivity","authors":"Angelo Augusto Buturi de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Letícia Carlos Babujia ,&nbsp;Rodrigo Klaic ,&nbsp;Ida Chapaval Pimentel","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Meeting the global food demand of a growing population requires sustainable agricultural practices. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) offer an eco-friendly alternative to reduce dependency on agrochemicals. This study aimed to identify Pampa biome soil bacteria with potential for biostimulant products development. Soil samples were collected from pasturelands, native forest, and the rhizospheres of rice and soybean crops. A total of 181 isolates were evaluated for their ability to fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate and potassium, and produce siderophores. A multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) was applied to integrate these four traits and identify a subset of 19 non-dominated strains based on Pareto optimality. To refine the selection for <em>in planta</em> evaluation, these 19 isolates were further assessed for their production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). The seven top IAA-producing strains, whose 16S rRNA sequences showed identity to <em>Pseudomonas frederiksbergensis</em>, <em>Pseudomonas vancouverensis</em>, <em>Pseudomonas rhodesiae</em>, <em>Enterobacter ludwigii</em>, and <em>Burkholderia puraquae</em>, were then selected for greenhouse trials in soybean and maize. All strains significantly enhanced soybean growth, with <em>P. frederiksbergensis</em> increasing aerial dry weight by up to 142 %. Additionally, <em>P. frederiksbergensis</em> and <em>P. rhodesiae</em> promoted maize growth, demonstrating their potential as biofertilizers. By integrating MCDA into the screening process, this study provides a robust approach for identifying high-performing PGPR strains to support sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 103648"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The essential oil of Drimys brasiliensis (Winteraceae) from Atlantic forest as an alternative biopesticide against stored pests and seedborne diseases","authors":"Rubens Candido Zimmermann ,&nbsp;Carolina Gracia Poitevin ,&nbsp;Ana Marta Schafaschek ,&nbsp;Milena Ielen ,&nbsp;Sofia Bin Macedo ,&nbsp;Wanderlei do Amaral ,&nbsp;Greissi Tente Giraldi ,&nbsp;Edson José Mazarotto ,&nbsp;Alessandra Benatto ,&nbsp;Carlos Eduardo Nogueira Martins ,&nbsp;Beatriz Helena L. N. Sales Maia ,&nbsp;Elaine Fernanda Dos Santos ,&nbsp;Joatan Machado da Rosa ,&nbsp;Henrique da Silva Silveira Duarte","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Essential oils (EOs) exhibit insecticidal and fungicidal activities against various agricultural pests and pathogenic fungi. Bioprospecting the flora of the Atlantic Forest is crucial for identifying species with potential applications in biopesticide development. The present study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal and fungicidal properties of <em>Drimys brasiliensis</em> essential oil (DBEO) against genus of <em>Sitophilus</em>, <em>Aspergillus</em> and <em>Fusarium</em> along with environmental safety study - seed germination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GC-MS identified 29 compounds, accounting for 81.31 % of the total chemical composition. DBEO demonstrated greater mortality via fumigation, with rates of 45 % for <em>Sitophilus oryzae</em> and 51.66 % for <em>Sitophilus zeamais</em>. Biochemical analysis revealed reduced glutathione S-transferase and lipid peroxidation in <em>S. oryzae</em>, while <em>S. zeamais</em> exhibited increased activities of esterases (EST-α and EST-β) and acetylcholinesterase. Fungicidal activity via contact inhibition exceeded 95 % at 1.5 % against all isolates, with MIC values ranging from 0.5 % to 1.75 %. Wheat seed germination after DBEO treatment reached 97.3 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that DBEO holds promise as a biopesticide for phytosanitary management in storage systems, without impact the germination percent of wheat seeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 103642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological and biochemical responses of Dalbergia sissoo to environmental stressors: Implications for tree mortality and health","authors":"Amit Singh Rana,&nbsp;Himanshu Pathak,&nbsp;A.K. Verma,&nbsp;Ashutosh Dubey","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Dalbergia sissoo</em> (Sheesham), a nitrogen-fixing tree essential to agroforestry systems, enhances soil fertility through leaf litter decomposition and offers notable antimicrobial and antioxidant benefits. However, widespread mortality in northern India—largely due to fungal pathogens and abiotic stresses like drought, waterlogging and nutrient imbalances—poses a serious threat to its sustainability. The physiological and biochemical mechanisms driving this decline remain poorly understood. This study investigates stress responses in declining <em>D. sissoo</em> trees by analyzing oxidative stress markers, antioxidant levels, hormonal shifts and elemental accumulation. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to identify key stress-related metabolites. Results revealed a 29.7 % decrease in ascorbic acid, a 45 % increase in membrane damage and significant hormonal reductions—23.42 % in indole-3-acetic acid and 24.2 % in gibberellic acid. Calcium levels increased by 550 %, along with elevated iron, zinc and nickel, suggesting altered nutrient uptake under stress. Secondary metabolites such as phenolics and flavonoids rose by 36 % and 54 %, respectively, indicating enhanced defense responses, while protein levels declined by 4 %, pointing to impaired primary metabolism. Additionally, soil enzyme activities crucial for nutrient cycling were significantly reduced in affected rhizospheres. These biochemical alterations suggest a shift from growth to defense in response to stress and may serve as early indicators of decline. Understanding these changes can inform better management strategies to enhance tree resilience and support sustainable agroforestry practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 103638"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel GABA-stabilized gold nanoparticles for plant systems: Synthesis, characterization, and unprecedented effects on growth, physiological function, and nutrient efficiency in Lactuca sativa L.","authors":"Pushpanjali Yadav,&nbsp;Mohammad Amir,&nbsp;Abdul Raheem,&nbsp;Shaheen Anjum Khan,&nbsp;Manisha Sharma,&nbsp;Mohammad Israil Ansari","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional methods of nutrient supply for the growth of plants are not very suitable in the field of agriculture. To enrich the field of agricultural sciences in view of enhancing crop productivity, nutrient supply, soil health, sustainable farming practices and human welfare, an advanced technology termed as “Nanotechnology” is widely explored due their amazing potential applications. In this study, we present the synthesis, comprehensive characterization, and agricultural application of GABA-AuNPs. GABA, a plant-derived, eco-friendly molecule, acts as both a reducing and stabilizing agent, offering promising agronomic advantages. The successful synthesis of GABA-AuNPs was confirmed through UV–Vis spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta potential analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), revealing uniformly dispersed nanoparticles with stable colloidal behaviour, optimal size distribution, and requisite negative zeta potential. Moreover, confirmation of functional group interaction and nanoparticle capping was obtained through FTIR spectroscopy, indicating successful binding between GABA and AuNPs. To investigate the chemical state and surface composition of the GABA-AuNPs, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis was conducted. Further, agricultural efficacy of various concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200, 300 and 400 μM) of synthesized GABA-AuNPs was evaluated in <em>Lactuca sativa</em> L. (lettuce), a nutritionally important crop known for its rich content of dietary fibres, phenolics, vitamins, and minerals. Seed priming with 100 μM GABA-AuNPs significantly enhanced germination rates, growth metrics, photosynthetic pigment levels, and antioxidant enzyme activity. Additionally, GABA-AuNP treatment improved mineral nutrient uptake, optimized stomatal function, and reduced oxidative stress, as evidenced by a decrease in MDA content. However, higher concentrations (≥400 μM) exhibited diminishing returns, with potential negative effects on growth and nutrient homeostasis. These findings suggest that GABA-AuNPs offer a novel strategy for promoting plant growth, nutrient assimilation, and stress resilience, though concentration-dependent effects warrant careful consideration for practical agricultural applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 103644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cell wall degradation by glucanase activity: Trichoderma pleuroticola and Pythium ultimum interaction","authors":"Samira Shahbazi ,&nbsp;Hamed Askari ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Alizadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During mycoparasitism, <em>Trichoderma</em> fungi secrete various cellulases and glucanases. This study aimed to investigate the role of endo-glucanase and exo-glucanase enzymes in the biological control of the soil-borne pathogen <em>Pythium ultimum</em> by <em>Trichoderma</em>. To enhance enzyme production, <em>Trichoderma</em> spores were irradiated with a γ-ray dose of 250 Gy, and the resulting mutants were compared to the wild-type strain. Using proteomics and cellulase enzyme assays, we assessed the antagonistic activity of wild-type and mutant <em>Trichoderma</em> isolates against <em>P. ultimum</em> in dual culture tests. After 48 h of fermentation, cellulase activity in the culture supernatants was measured using different substrates. Extracellular proteins were characterized using SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional electrophoresis to identify the most prominent catalytic components involved in enzyme production. The <em>Trichoderma</em> isolates (wild-type and mutant) were identified as <em>Trichoderma pleuroticola</em> based on the sequence analysis of the ITS1-5.8 S-ITS2 and TEF-1α regions. The mutant isolates, particularly NAS109-M21, demonstrated significantly increased enzyme activity compared to the wild-type. NAS109-M21 exhibited 2.5 times higher exo-glucanase activity and three times higher endoglucanase activity. In dual culture assays, this mutant strain showed a 65 % reduction in <em>P. ultimum</em> growth, which is five times greater than the wild-type. Furthermore, SDS-PAGE and 2D electrophoresis revealed sharper bands for endo-glucanase, exoglucanase, and β-glucosidase in the mutant strain. These findings suggest that gamma irradiation can induce mutations in <em>T. pleuroticola</em>, leading to enhanced enzyme production and improved biocontrol potential against <em>Pythium ultimum</em> in soil.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 103643"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144321433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of different levels of nano-selenium on growth performance, physiological responses and antioxidative capacity of barley seedlings","authors":"Xin Lian ,&nbsp;Xinyu Li ,&nbsp;Zixin Lu ,&nbsp;Siyu Yi ,&nbsp;Bingjie Shang ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Hongyan Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bcab.2025.103641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Improving crop quality through the enhancement of plant health is a challenging task. Nanomaterials are emerging materials with great potential in promoting plant growth and improving crop stress resistance. This study addresses the limited understanding of nano-Se’s role in barley physiology by investigating its effects on growth, photosynthesis, nutrient absorption, and antioxidant capacity. The research highlights the essential roles of nano-Se in enhancing plant growth and development in trace amounts. Hydroponic experiments were conducted on barley seedlings grown under conditions of control and nano-Se treatment (2–10 μmol/L) applied on the 5th day after transplanting. Nano-Se has been synthesized through the green route using ascorbic acid and chitosan. The results showed that nano-Se (2–5 μmol/L nano-Se) improved plant health performance and increased plant biomass. The barley growth indecies of root FW, shoot FW, and root DW under Nano-Se2 were improved by 11.5 %, 5.0 %, and 15.0 %, respectively, over untreated controls. Moreover, Nano-Se2 enhanced chlorophyll content, improved photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), stomatal conductance (Gs), and nutrient contents, raised amino acid, soluble protein, soluble sugar and sucrose levels, as well as the antioxidant capacity. Additionally, Nano-Se10 significantly inhibited the growth of barley seedlings. This study revealed that the use of nano-Se produced by ascorbic acid and chitosan improved barley growth by improving photosynthetic efficiency, optimizing nutrient uptake, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and raising soluble sugar levels, and the amount of nano-Se should not exceed 10μmol/L. Therefore, nano-Se may serve as a promising biofortification agent for improving plant resilience and productivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8774,"journal":{"name":"Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 103641"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}