Bilingualism: Language and Cognition最新文献

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The foreign language effect in the illusion of causality: Evidence of absence 因果幻觉中的外语效应:缺失的证据
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-05-13 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101412
Stefano Dalla Bona, Eduardo Navarrete, Michele Vicovaro
{"title":"The foreign language effect in the illusion of causality: Evidence of absence","authors":"Stefano Dalla Bona, Eduardo Navarrete, Michele Vicovaro","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101412","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research suggests that a cognitive bias, the illusion of causality, can be attenuated when the task is presented in a foreign language (Díaz-Lago &amp; Matute, 2019a, <jats:italic>Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</jats:italic> , 72(1), 41–51), supporting the well-known foreign language effect on decision making and reasoning. We conducted a replication study with a large sample ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 220), determined through a Bayes factor design analysis, but our results did not support the original findings. This finding challenges the generalizability of the foreign language effect on reducing cognitive biases. Additionally, we found that the magnitude of the illusion decreased with increasing years of formal education and was generally weaker among male participants compared to females. These findings emphasize the importance of using samples with balanced demographic characteristics to avoid potential confounds in between-group comparisons. Overall, our study highlights the need for further research to clarify the conditions under which the foreign language effect can influence cognitive biases.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"245 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148286007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do heritage speakers work harder in their heritage language? A dual task study of cognitive effort in bilingual language processing 说传统语言的人会更努力地学习他们的传统语言吗?双语语言加工中认知努力的双任务研究
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-05-11 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101308
Zuzanna Fuchs, John B. Muegge, Christine Shea
{"title":"Do heritage speakers work harder in their heritage language? A dual task study of cognitive effort in bilingual language processing","authors":"Zuzanna Fuchs, John B. Muegge, Christine Shea","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101308","url":null,"abstract":"This study tests the relative amount of cognitive effort required for Spanish language processing by L1-dominant speakers (Spanish-raised bilinguals, SRBs), heritage speakers (HSs) and late second-language learners (English-raised bilinguals, ERBs). In a dual-task study, three groups of bilingual Spanish speakers were presented concurrently with a linguistic and non-linguistic task, each at three levels of difficulty. When responding to the non-linguistic task, which required concurrently processing and encoding in memory a Spanish-language phrase, SRBs were, on average, most accurate and ERBs least accurate. This suggests a three-way difference between SRBs, HSs and ERBs in the amount of cognitive resources required for language processing in the target language, highlighting HSs’ unique developmental trajectory. Results further suggest that accuracy on the non-linguistic task was reduced for all groups when the concurrent linguistic stimulus was of higher syntactic complexity, suggesting that more complex linguistic structures require more cognitive resources regardless of language background.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148286010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Task-dependent neural correlates of L2 emotion-label versus emotion-laden word processing: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence 第二语言情绪标签与情绪负载文字处理的任务依赖神经关联:行为和电生理证据
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-05-08 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101394
Dong Tang, Yang Fu, Xueqiao Li, Huili Wang, Tiina Parviainen, Tommi Kärkkäinen
{"title":"Task-dependent neural correlates of L2 emotion-label versus emotion-laden word processing: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence","authors":"Dong Tang, Yang Fu, Xueqiao Li, Huili Wang, Tiina Parviainen, Tommi Kärkkäinen","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101394","url":null,"abstract":"The present study examined how task demands modulate neural activations during the processing of emotion-label words (words describing emotional states) and emotion-laden words (words triggering emotions through connotations) in a second language (L2). To this end, we directly compared behavioral and electrophysiological responses in late Chinese-English bilinguals when the words’ affective information was task-relevant (emotional categorization task, ECT) versus task-irrelevant (emotional Stroop task, EST). Our results revealed the modulation of emotion word type and valence on L2 emotion word processing. Specifically, negative emotion-laden words exhibited slower response times, and positive emotion-label words elicited larger Late Positive Complex amplitudes. Notably, these effects were observed exclusively within the task where the emotional dimension of the stimuli was task-relevant, that is, when participants explicitly determined the word valence. Taken together, our study highlights the potential task-dependent nature of the effects of emotion word type and valence in late bilinguals’ L2, suggesting that assumptions about the universality of such effects should be evaluated in light of task demands and language context.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"14 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148286012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Continuous Effects of Language Ability and Relative Proficiency on Bilingual Children's Production of Four Advanced Syntactic Constructions. 语言能力和相对熟练程度对双语儿童产生四种高级句法结构的持续影响。
IF 2.4 1区 文学
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1017/S1366728926101321
Javier Jasso, Anny Castilla-Earls, Amanda Owen Van Horne
{"title":"Continuous Effects of Language Ability and Relative Proficiency on Bilingual Children's Production of Four Advanced Syntactic Constructions.","authors":"Javier Jasso, Anny Castilla-Earls, Amanda Owen Van Horne","doi":"10.1017/S1366728926101321","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1366728926101321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current approaches to bilingualism and language learning ability obscure differences between capacity for learning (ability) and dominance (relative proficiency). Bilingual children with developmental language disorder (DLD) have persistent difficulties with complex syntax. The effects of language learning ability and relative proficiency on syntactic development in bilingual acquisition are not well described. This cross-sectional study examined the continuous effects of language ability and relative proficiency on the production of conditionals, subject/object relatives, and passives in a sample of 34 five- to nine-year-old Spanish-English bilingual children, 12 of whom were identified as having DLD. Conditionals were significantly easier than other forms, and there were no differences between subject and object relatives. Higher language ability was associated with greater accuracy. Relative proficiency predicted higher English performance for balanced and English-dominant children. Further examination of language ability and relative proficiency in diverse language learners is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13221095/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148136508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stormy words: Bilingual emotional lexical access under virtual weather conditions 暴风雨词汇:虚拟天气条件下的双语情感词汇访问
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-05-06 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101382
Francisco Rocabado, Jon Andoni Duñabeitia
{"title":"Stormy words: Bilingual emotional lexical access under virtual weather conditions","authors":"Francisco Rocabado, Jon Andoni Duñabeitia","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101382","url":null,"abstract":"Language, emotion, and environment jointly shape how words are processed in real life. This study tested how valence and simulated weather influence bilingual lexical access in virtual reality (VR). Forty Spanish–English bilinguals completed a language-decision task with negative high-arousal and neutral low-arousal words under sunny and rainy conditions. Accuracy was high, with no reliable effects. Reaction times were faster for negative than for neutral words and slower under rain than sun, with no significant language effect. A Weather by Trial Order interaction reflected a practice-related speeding under sun under sunny weather. Valence and weather exerted additive influences, and weather did not modulate language or valence effects. These findings suggest that realistic perceptual load imposes general costs without altering emotional or language-related processing. The study underscores VR’s potential to integrate ecological validity into psycholinguistic paradigms, revealing how intrinsic and extrinsic factors jointly constrain bilingual emotional word processing.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"253 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148285857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comprehension of passive voice in autistic German- and French-speaking children: No negative effects of bilingualism 德语和法语自闭症儿童被动语态的理解:双语无负面影响
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101242
Yulia Zuban, Franziska Baumeister, Pauline Wolfer, Stephanie Durrleman
{"title":"Comprehension of passive voice in autistic German- and French-speaking children: No negative effects of bilingualism","authors":"Yulia Zuban, Franziska Baumeister, Pauline Wolfer, Stephanie Durrleman","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101242","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines the influence of bilingual experience, age and verbal working memory (WM) on the comprehension of passive voice by 116 typically developing (TD) and 65 autistic children aged 3 to 13, who were tested in their societal languages, German or French. Some children were mainly exposed to the societal language while some children were also exposed to other languages. We adopt a continuous approach to bilingual experience and operationalize it as a balance of cumulative exposure, measured through entropy scores. We found that the comprehension of passive voice improved with age in both groups, and higher verbal WM predicted better performance in autistic but not TD children. Although autistic children were less accurate than TD children, bilingual experience did not contribute to the differences between the two groups. These findings suggest that bilingualism has no detrimental effect on the comprehension of complex syntactic structures in autistic children.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148285863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
How emotional states modulate cognitive control strategies across language-switching contexts 情绪状态如何在语言转换环境中调节认知控制策略
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101345
Shuang Liu, Dongxue Liu, Junjun Huang, Linyan Liu, John Wayne Schwieter, Baoguo Chen
{"title":"How emotional states modulate cognitive control strategies across language-switching contexts","authors":"Shuang Liu, Dongxue Liu, Junjun Huang, Linyan Liu, John Wayne Schwieter, Baoguo Chen","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101345","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigates how emotional states (positive, negative, neutral) and language-switching contexts with different switching frequencies (low: 25%, medium: 50%, high: 75%) jointly modulate executive control among unbalanced Chinese-English bilinguals. By combining a language-switching task with a Flanker task within response trials, we found that compared to low- and high-switching contexts, negative states enhanced executive control in medium switching contexts by optimizing resource allocation, as reflected by reduced N2 and increased P3 effects. In high-switching contexts, positive states facilitated proactive control, with greater P3 effects in incongruent than congruent trials. However, negative states favored reactive control, with greater P3 effects in congruent than incongruent trials. We propose the Emotion Adaptive Control (EAC) model, a framework which offers a more comprehensive perspective on how bilingual language control adapts to domain-general cognitive control under emotional states.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148285862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
L1 and L2 contributions to English reading in middle school struggling readers 第一语言和第二语言对中学生英语阅读的影响
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-04-24 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101333
Paul T. Cirino, Kelly T. Macdonald, Anny Castilla-Earls, David J. Francis, Arturo E. Hernandez
{"title":"L1 and L2 contributions to English reading in middle school struggling readers","authors":"Paul T. Cirino, Kelly T. Macdonald, Anny Castilla-Earls, David J. Francis, Arturo E. Hernandez","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101333","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated English and Spanish language proficiency, and balance among these proficiencies, in relation to reading achievement in a sample of 161 middle school current and former English learners known to be struggling readers. Students were administered English and Spanish language assessments and also reported on their language usage; English reading outcomes (word reading, reading fluency, reading comprehension) were also assessed. Findings support the role of English proficiency in all three reading outcomes in this population. However, Spanish language skills, or indices that reflected the relative balance of these proficiencies, were not uniquely predictive. The present study adds nuance to the current literature and offers considerations for future work.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"31 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147744028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adaptive compensatory mechanism in the regulation of language switching performance under negative emotional states: An ERP study 负性情绪状态下语言转换行为的适应性补偿机制:ERP研究
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-04-23 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101369
Siyi Jiang, Xue Zhang, Baoguo Chen
{"title":"Adaptive compensatory mechanism in the regulation of language switching performance under negative emotional states: An ERP study","authors":"Siyi Jiang, Xue Zhang, Baoguo Chen","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101369","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines how emotional states interact with bilingual language control across different switching contexts. Chinese–English bilinguals performed cued and voluntary switching tasks under neutral, negative and positive emotional states. Behaviorally, negative states did not affect performance. Event-related potentials (ERPs) results revealed that in voluntary switching, negative state increased cue-locked late positive component (LPC) on switch trials, indicating greater reactive control during the late stage of language schemas competition phase. In cued switching, negative state enhanced cue- and stimulus-locked N2 and reduced stimulus-locked LPC on L1 trials, reflecting enhanced proactive control during the early stage of language schemas competition and throughout the lexical selection phase. As proactive control is more cognitively demanding than reactive control, these findings suggest that the compensatory mechanism is more strongly activated in cued switching across both language control phases. Our findings extend the adaptive control hypothesis by showing how bilinguals flexibly adjust control in emotional contexts.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The brain activity flow in language and cognitive control networks underlying second language proficiency 第二语言能力的大脑活动流和认知控制网络
IF 3.6 1区 文学
Bilingualism: Language and Cognition Pub Date : 2026-04-16 DOI: 10.1017/s1366728926101163
Fei Gao, Yuwen He, Yuwen Lin, Songxiang Tang, Yaoyao Ning, Zhen Yuan
{"title":"The brain activity flow in language and cognitive control networks underlying second language proficiency","authors":"Fei Gao, Yuwen He, Yuwen Lin, Songxiang Tang, Yaoyao Ning, Zhen Yuan","doi":"10.1017/s1366728926101163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1366728926101163","url":null,"abstract":"It remains unclear how language and cognitive control networks interact to support second language (L2) proficiency in the bilingual brain. Our study used gradient network and dynamic causal modelling (DCM) to investigate the brain activity flow in these two brain networks underlying L2 proficiency with sixty-one Chinese-English bilinguals. We found that the gradient values of the right calcarine gyrus and the left supramarginal gyrus were positively correlated with L2 proficiency. However, multivariate pattern and region-of-interest analyses suggested that L2 proficiency may not significantly modulate the brain activity flow of these two networks in global network gradients. Meanwhile, DCM findings demonstrated that L2 proficiency development increased inhibitory effects from the language network to the cognitive control network, indicating that L2 learning would modulate the cognitive control system. In summary, our study provides further insights into how language and cognitive control networks interact to establish a smooth bilingual system underlying L2 proficiency.","PeriodicalId":8758,"journal":{"name":"Bilingualism: Language and Cognition","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147684526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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