Behavioral and Brain Functions最新文献

{"title":"The combined effects of probiotic and high-intensity interval training on memory function in high fat diet-fed rats.","authors":"Farshad Karami, Fatemeh Shabkhiz, Soheila Aadeli, Omid Reza Tamtaji, Michael Aschner, Shahnaz Halimi, Javad Fahanik Babaei, Fatemeh Nabavizadeh","doi":"10.1186/s12993-026-00347-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-026-00347-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to investigate whether the probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) (alone or combined with high-intensity interval training (HIIT)) could improve cognitive, electrophysiological changes, oxidative stress and metabolic parameters in HFD-fed rats.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Rats were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8): HFD group, HFD + LGG group, HFD+ HIIT group, and HFD + LGG+ HIIT group. Rats were fed HFD daily for a period of 16 weeks, during which LGG (1 × 10¹⁰ colony forming unit (CFU)/ rats, orally), and HIIT protocol were administered four times a week on alternating days. At the end of study, assessment of social behavior, memory function, and Long-term potential (LTP) were performed using three-chambered apparatus, Y-maze task, and electrophysiology technique, respectively. Next, oxidative stress, lipid profiles, and liver enzymes were evaluated with routine kits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both LGG and HIIT alone or in combination improved working memory, social memory, and LTP in HFD-fed rats. In addition, both LGG and HIIT alone or in combination increased the hippocampal levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and increased the serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and decreased the serum levels of leptin, triglyceride, cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in HFD-fed rats.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The combination of LGG and HIIT provides a multi-pathway intervention that improves HFD-induced memory impairments by concurrently targeting oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and hippocampal synaptic function. This supports the potential of combined lifestyle and microbiome-based therapies for preventing metabolic and cognitive disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148387107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of clomipramine postnatal exposure on sexual behavior and reproductive organs in female rats: role of sexual experience.","authors":"Tania Molina-Jiménez, Nora Guzmán Lozada, Mayvi Alvarado, Claudia Juárez-Portilla, Rossana C Zepeda, José A Sánchez-Salcedo, Mónica Flores-Muñoz, Herlinda Bonilla-Jaime","doi":"10.1186/s12993-026-00352-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-026-00352-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Depression is a common psychiatric disorder during pregnancy and the postnatal period. Consequently, antidepressant treatment is primordial for the safety of the mother and the neonate. Clomipramine (CMI) is a tricyclic antidepressant that has been prescribed even when the evidence suggests potential adverse effects on the neurodevelopment of the offspring, considering that antidepressant drugs can be transferred through breast milk. Nevertheless, in some cases, when the benefits outweigh the risks, it is used to treat severe depression in pregnant women. In rodents, postnatal administration of CMI causes persistent behavioral and neurophysiological alterations in adulthood. By contrast, a rewarding experience, such as mating, improves motivational and copulatory behavior in rodents through neuroplasticity in brain structures involved in reproduction. In a previous work, we reported that postnatal exposure to CMI disrupts the motivational and copulatory components of female sexual behavior during a single copulatory test. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of postnatal CMI treatment on female sexual behavior and reproductive tissues, and to determine whether sexual experience serves as a modulatory factor that ameliorates its potential impact on sexual performance. Female pups were divided in two groups, CMI group (30 mg/Kg) and the control group (NaCl 0.9%). Each group received a daily subcutaneous injection with CMI or saline solution from the 8th to 21st postnatal days. Behavioral test and histological analysis were performed at 3 months of age. The results indicated that postnatal CMI administration disrupts receptive but not proceptive behaviors. Repeated sexual encounters with males partially reversed the receptivity impairment in CMI-treated females, as it occurs in control rats. Histological data showed that CMI reduces the population of primordial and primary follicles; however, no morphological modifications were detected in the uterine layers. In conclusion, the data show that even when sexual experience partially improved copulatory behavior in female rats exposed to CMI during the postnatal period, ovarian development was affected, which could compromise fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13617766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postnatal relevance of HOXA5 transcription factor in cerebellum-associated behaviors and disorders.","authors":"Hadrien Glibert, Laure Bridoux, Charlotte Moens, Olivier Schakman, Lucie Jeannotte, Frédéric Clotman, Françoise Gofflot","doi":"10.1186/s12993-026-00343-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-026-00343-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hoxa5 encodes a transcription factor essential for embryonic patterning and organogenesis, with sustained expression in hindbrain precerebellar nuclei during postnatal development. Given prior evidence implicating HOXA5 in synaptogenesis and early postnatal circuit maturation, we investigated whether its inactivation during this critical developmental window contributes to neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD)-related phenotypes. Using previously generated transcriptomic data, we identified multiple deregulated genes classified as autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk genes in the SFARI database, several of which are associated with a cerebellar phenotype in mice. We then performed a comprehensive behavioral assessment across motor, social, stereotypical, anxiety-related, and attentional domains in a postnatal inactivation mouse model (Hoxa5-cKO). Motor coordination, learning, gait, and sensorimotor functions were preserved. Social behavior assays yielded no consistent genotype-dependent effects, although results were sensitive to analytical methods and cohort variability. In contrast, Hoxa5-cKO mice exhibited increased stereotypical behaviors, including elevated scratching and marble burying, in the absence of anxiety- or locomotion-related confounds. Importantly, interpretation of social and cognitive phenotypes was impacted by well-known constraints of behavioral neuroscience. We discuss these downfalls and propose additional guidelines. Altogether, our findings indicate that postnatal Hoxa5 deficiency selectively enhances stereotyped behaviors without broadly affecting motor or social functions. The data support a model in which HOXA5 acts as a modulator of postnatal precerebellar circuit connectivity and/or function, with subtle behavioral consequences that require further research in specific genetic or environmental contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670543/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in glutamatergic and GABAergic signaling in ketamine-induced neurotoxicity: mangiferin mitigates neurochemical, oxidative, and astrocytic dysregulation in the rat temporal-frontal cortex.","authors":"Godson Emeka Anyanwu, Victoria Onyemachi Chukwu, Nto Johnson Nto, Vivian Onyinye Ojiakor, Chinyere Nkemjika Anyanwu","doi":"10.1186/s12993-026-00348-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-026-00348-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ketamine is an antagonist of the N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor with the effect of inducing aberrant excitatory-inhibitory neurotransmission and oxidative neurotoxicity, which mimic the cognitive impairments found in schizophrenia. This study explored the potential of mangiferin, a strong antioxidant xanthone polyphenol, to normalize neurotransmitter levels and mitigate oxidative and glial changes in rats subjected to ketamine treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Male Wistar rats were anaesthetised with ketamine (50 mg/kg, i.p., for 7 days) to induce excitotoxicity and subsequently treated for 14 days with mangiferin (25, 50 or 75 mg/kg, p.o.) or risperidone (2 mg/kg, i.p.). Behavioral performance was assessed using the Morris Water Maze, Y-Maze, Open Field, and Novel Object Recognition tests. Neurochemical assays in the prefrontal, hippocampal and temporal cortices measured glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. Cellular pathology was evaluated through histopathology (H&E) and immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ketamine induced severe cognitive deficits, hyperlocomotion, anxiety-like behavior, reduced cortical GABA and glutamate levels, increased dopamine, and elevated AChE activity-confirming excitatory-inhibitory imbalance and cholinergic disruption. Mangiferin enhanced spatial learning, working memory, recognition memory, and normalized locomotor activity in a dose-dependent manner, with higher doses restoring performance to near control levels. Neurochemically, mangiferin increased GABA and glutamate to baseline levels while decreasing dopamine and AChE hyperactivity. Histology showed preserved cortical cytoarchitecture and reduced neuronal loss and vacuolation. Notably, mangiferin reversed ketamine-induced astrogliosis (decreased GFAP immunoreactivity) and increased nuclear Nrf2 expression, indicating activated endogenous antioxidant defenses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mangiferin exhibited significant neuroprotection against ketamine-induced excitotoxicity through restoration of neurotransmitter homeostasis, establishment of redox resilience, and regulation of astrocytic reactivity. These multifaceted actions underscore its therapeutic potential for neuropsychiatric diseases associated with oxidative stress and glial dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13579879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ketamine enhances histone H3 (Ser10) phosphorylation via JNK signaling and multi-omics profiling of the hippocampus in a psychotic-like mouse model.","authors":"Xiu-Mei Zhu, Yang Li, Wenrui Liu, Ying Pan, Ang Li, Gui-Na Han, Jun Yao, Hongbo Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12993-026-00349-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-026-00349-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic, induces behavioral and molecular alterations associated with psychosis-like phenotypes. However, the epigenetic mechanisms bridging its cellular effects with behavioral outcomes are poorly defined. Here, we report that ketamine induces histone H3 Ser10 phosphorylation in both hippocampal neurons (HT22 cells) and the mouse hippocampus, an effect primarily driven by JNK activation. Critically, pharmacological inhibition of JNK with SP600125 not only reversed this epigenetic mark but also robustly attenuated ketamine-induced hyperlocomotion and cognitive deficits in mice. Integrated multi-omics analysis of the hippocampus 30 min post-ketamine revealed coordinated transcriptional and chromatin accessibility changes. We identified 262 differentially expressed genes (e.g., MAP3K9) enriched in MAPK signaling and neuroactive ligand-receptor pathways, alongside 165 differentially accessible regions, with motif analysis implicating CTCF as a key regulator. Our findings suggest that JNK-mediated H3S10 phosphorylation may play a critical role in linking ketamine exposure to psychosis-like phenotypes, providing a mechanistic framework that connects stress-sensitive signaling to rapid chromatin remodeling and sustained transcriptional reprogramming. This work unveils potential novel therapeutic targets for psychosis centered on the JNK-H3S10 phosphorylation axis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13556081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148326094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ginkgo biloba extract mitigates behavioral deficits, oxidative stress, and hippocampal remodeling in a rat model of PTSD.","authors":"Morvarid Meamar, Zeynab Mohamadi Yarijani, Houman Parsaei, Abbas Ali Vafaei, Ali Rashidy-Pour, Payman Raise-Abdullahi","doi":"10.1186/s12993-026-00346-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-026-00346-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with cognitive impairments, anxiety, fear extinction deficits, and neurobiological alterations, particularly in the hippocampus. Oxidative stress, reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and dendritic remodeling are key contributors to these dysfunctions. This study investigated whether Ginkgo biloba extract, known for its antioxidant and neuroprotective properties, could ameliorate PTSD-like symptoms and hippocampal abnormalities in male rats exposed to the single prolonged stress (SPS) model. Adult male Wistar rats were exposed to SPS and treated with Ginkgo biloba extract (20 or 200 mg/kg) for 14 days. Behavioral assessments included anxiety-like behavior, fear extinction, spatial learning and memory, and working memory. Hippocampal tissue was analyzed for oxidative stress markers (MDA, SOD, TAC), BDNF expression (Western blot), and CA3 dendritic morphology (Golgi-Cox impregnation method). SPS exposure induced marked behavioral deficits, elevated oxidative stress, reduced BDNF expression, and dendritic atrophy in CA3 pyramidal neurons. Ginkgo biloba extract, particularly at a dose of 200 mg/kg, significantly attenuated anxiety-like behaviors, facilitated fear extinction, improved memory performance, reduced oxidative damage, restored BDNF levels, and reversed dendritic retraction and branching deficits in the CA3 region of the hippocampus. These findings demonstrate that Ginkgo biloba extract exerts neuroprotective effects against trauma-induced behavioral, molecular, and structural abnormalities in a validated animal model of PTSD. While promising, these results are based on preclinical data, and further studies are necessary to determine whether similar benefits can be translated to clinical populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13551836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148300731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rich-club organization and functional brain network metrics during facial emotional processing: a task-based fMRI study.","authors":"Maryam Gholam Tamimi, Mohammad Reza Daliri","doi":"10.1186/s12993-026-00345-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-026-00345-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emotion is a complex psychological phenomenon involving both arousal and valence. emotional processing (EP) refers to the ability to perceive and interpret emotional stimuli, such as facial expressions or vocal cues.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, we investigated functional connectivity (FC), graph-theoretical network measures, and rich-club organization during EP using task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 100 healthy participants from the Human Connectome Project (HCP). Mean time series were extracted from 264 regions of interest (ROIs) defined by the Power Atlas, encompassing 10 large-scale functional networks. Pairwise Pearson correlation coefficients were computed to generate FC matrices, which were then thresholded using the orthogonal minimal spanning tree (OMST) method to form adjacency matrices. These matrices served as the basis for calculating global and local network metrics and analyzing rich-club organization. Permutation-based paired t-tests (p < 0.05, 1000 permutations) and family wise error (FWE)-corrected were used to identify significant differences between face and shape conditions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicate a significant modulation of neural activity between the face and shape conditions during facial EP. Significant differences in FC, network metrics, and rich-club organization were observed at both ROI and network levels. High-level cognitive networks exhibited stronger positive correlations, whereas low-level perceptual networks showed increased anticorrelations. Global network measures, including modularity, mean local efficiency, and clustering coefficient, were increased, indicating enhanced functional segregation. Simultaneously, selective rich-club connectivity among hubs in dorsal attention, frontoparietal, visual, somatomotor, and subcortical networks suggests preserved network integration at the mesoscale level. These findings uniquely combine rich-club organization with graph-theoretical measures across 10 large-scale networks, providing novel insights into hub coordination under emotional demands.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EP induces reorganization of brain networks, enhancing functional specialization while selectively modulating hub regions to maintain efficient integration. These results offer deeper insight into neural mechanisms underlying emotional cognition and may help explain connectivity alterations in emotional and affective disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13505168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148263040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postpartum enhancement of spatial learning and cognitive flexibility: an IntelliCage study.","authors":"Melinda Cservenák, Luca Darai, Tamara Cecília Kállai, Bori Záhonyi, András Lukács, Norbert Bencsik, László Détári, Arpád Dobolyi","doi":"10.1186/s12993-026-00340-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-026-00340-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transition to motherhood has been shown to result in significant changes in the structure and function of the brain, with particular emphasis on the enhancement of cognitive abilities that are essential for survival. Specifically, in murine models, spatial learning and cognitive flexibility have been identified as critical components of mothering. While cognitive enhancements during the postpartum period have been observed in various experimental setups, research using long-term data collection with automated monitoring in a home cage setup is lacking despite its reliability compared to other experimental procedures. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by systematically examining spatial learning and cognitive flexibility in female mice during the reproductive stages using the IntelliCage system. The results showed that female mice in the postpartum phase outperformed pregnant and nulliparous females in place learning, reversal learning, and fixed schedule drinking tasks, demonstrating faster adaptation and superior retention of information. Postpartum mothers showed elevated cognitive ability in spatial learning, and also showed increased flexibility compared to the control/pregnant group suggesting a greater ability to update previously learned associations. The identification of these improvements in maternal behavior may provide novel insights into how reproductive experiences impact brain function, with implications for maternal health and broader cognitive research.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13487912/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148238609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental trajectories of prefrontal activation underlying emotional inhibitory control from adolescence to young adulthood: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.","authors":"Tingting Chen, Lei Jiang, Rou Wen, Changhao Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s12993-026-00339-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-026-00339-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the neural maturation of emotional inhibitory control (IC) from adolescence to young adulthood is critical but remains incompletely characterized. The present study examined age-related differences in prefrontal activation during emotional conflict processing using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-six adolescents (ages 13-16, 15 male) and thirty young adults (ages 18-22, 16 male) completed an emotional Flanker task while behavioral responses and prefrontal hemodynamic activity were recorded with fNIRS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups exhibited a significant emotional Flanker effect, with slower responses on incongruent than congruent trials. fNIRS results suggested age-related differences in prefrontal recruitment patterns. Adolescents showed relatively stronger O₂Hb changes in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), indicating a more right-lateralized response to emotional conflict. In contrast, young adults exhibited a more bilateral pattern of DLPFC activation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest a developmental shift from relatively focal, right-lateralized prefrontal engagement in adolescence to more distributed bilateral recruitment in young adulthood. Such age-related differences may reflect changes in cognitive strategies alongside ongoing maturation of prefrontal networks, with localized right-sided activation in adolescents supporting behavioral performance through compensatory engagement and bilateral recruitment in young adults reflecting greater network integration and neural efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13295708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148222852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astrocyte-derived IL-17A facilitates angiogenesis following ischemia-like injury via an IL-6-dependent STAT3-VEGF signaling cascade.","authors":"Xiuping Chen, Yi Zhang, Tao Huang, Junzi Peng, Yixin Zeng, Yining Zhao, Haiyang Jiang, Lingling Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12993-026-00342-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12993-026-00342-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Angiogenesis plays a vital role in cerebral tissue repair following ischemic stroke. Prior in vivo studies have identified astrocytic interleukin-17A (IL-17A) as a critical mediator of post-ischemic angiogenesis, associated with upregulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). However, the intracellular signaling mechanisms underlying these effects within astrocytes have not been fully elucidated. This study delineates a specific intracellular signaling mechanism through which astrocytic IL-17A promotes angiogenesis following an in vitro ischemia-like injury.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Primary astrocytes were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation followed by reperfusion (OGD/R). Astrocyte viability was assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were cultured with astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM). Astrocytes were treated with recombinant IL-17A (rIL-17A), IL-17A-targeted small interfering RNA, a neutralizing antibody against IL-6, or the Janus Kinase 2/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (JAK2/STAT3) pathway inhibitor AG490. Protein levels were quantified, and angiogenic capacity was determined via tube formation assays and CD34 expression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to OGD/R increased IL-17A secretion from astrocytes. Treatment with rIL-17A enhanced astrocyte viability and induced IL-6 production. Activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway by IL-6 was required for the subsequent VEGF upregulation. Consequently, ACM from rIL-17A-treated astrocytes significantly promoted angiogenic activity in BMECs, as evidenced by enhanced tube formation. These pro-angiogenic effects were significantly attenuated by IL-17A knockdown, IL-6 neutralization, or inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling in astrocytes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study delineates a specific intracellular signaling mechanism through which astrocytic IL-17A promotes angiogenesis following ischemia-like injury. The findings identify an IL-6-dependent activation of the STAT3-VEGF signaling axis as a key mediator of this process, underscoring the therapeutic potential of targeting astrocytic IL-17A signaling in post-stroke angiogenic repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":8729,"journal":{"name":"Behavioral and Brain Functions","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13471570/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}