Vladimir Huerta-Chavez, Luis A Llamas-Alonso, Armando Quetzalcóatl Angulo-Chavira
{"title":"Mexican Spanish adaptation for the Affective Norms for English Words (ANEW).","authors":"Vladimir Huerta-Chavez, Luis A Llamas-Alonso, Armando Quetzalcóatl Angulo-Chavira","doi":"10.3758/s13428-025-02703-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-025-02703-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study adapts the Affective Norms for English Words (ANEW) dataset for Mexican Spanish, validating emotional dimensions in culturally relevant contexts. A total of 753 participants rated 1,028 translated words on valence, arousal, and dominance using the Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM) scale. The adaptation ensured linguistic equivalence through iterative translation and consensus processes, selecting region-specific terms verified with the Corpus XXI of the Royal Spanish Academy. Split-half correlations confirmed high internal consistency across dimensions, demonstrating stable and reliable ratings within the Mexican sample. Cross-linguistic analyses revealed strong correlations between Mexican Spanish and norms for European Portuguese and Spanish, with moderate correlations to English norms, highlighting cultural and linguistic influences on emotional word ratings. Gender differences further provided insights into demographic factors affecting emotional word processing. These findings underscore the need for culturally specific adaptations in research, ensuring that affective norms align with regional language use and emotional perception. This study offers a methodological framework applicable to other linguistic and cultural contexts, enhancing the precision of cross-cultural research in affective science.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"57 6","pages":"169"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069142/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feature-based behavior coding for efficient exploratory analysis using pose estimation.","authors":"Eigo Nishimura","doi":"10.3758/s13428-025-02702-6","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-025-02702-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper introduces feature-based behavior coding (FBBC), an efficient method for exploratory analysis in behavioral research using pose estimation techniques. FBBC addresses the challenges of traditional behavioral coding methods, particularly in the exploratory stages of research when coding schemes are not yet well defined. By leveraging keypoint detection and dimensionality reduction, FBBC transforms video data into interpretable feature time series, enabling researchers to analyze diverse postural patterns more efficiently. Also presented is Behavior Senpai, an open-source software implementation of FBBC that integrates automated feature extraction with human insight. A case study demonstrates FBBC's ability to classify complex postures by combining multiple features and manual clustering. While the current iteration focuses on instantaneous posture classification, the framework shows potential for expansion to action classification. FBBC offers increased flexibility in developing coding schemes and reduces the time-consuming nature of repetitive observations. This approach represents a considerable advancement in behavioral research, bridging traditional methods with modern machine-learning techniques. As FBBC is adopted and refined, it will contribute to more comprehensive and insightful behavioral analyses across the psychological and behavioral sciences.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"57 6","pages":"167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12064611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chipola: A Chinese Podcast Lexical Database for capturing spoken language nuances and predicting behavioral data.","authors":"Ning Zhao, Lei Lei","doi":"10.3758/s13428-025-02697-0","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-025-02697-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study introduces Chipola, a Chinese Podcast Lexical Database derived from a large-scale collection of Chinese podcast transcripts. Due to the spoken nature of podcasts, such a podcast lexical database can accurately capture the nuances of spoken language in Chinese. Chipola was developed based on a corpus that comprises 31.2 million word tokens and 41.7 million character tokens, featuring a vocabulary of 88,085 unique words and 4,613 unique characters. Lexical variables such as frequency, context diversity, and part-of-speech information are also included. Findings of interest are as follows. First, Chipola captures the spoken Chinese features, such as the core spoken vocabulary. Second, it outperforms other lexical databases in predicting third-party behavioral data. Third, its rich text-level information enables educators to simulate Chinese lexical input on daily podcast listening, which provides pedagogical insights for the overall effects of language exposure. To summarize, Chipola presents an innovative and valuable resource with significant implications and applications in areas such as psychology and language education.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"57 6","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143975879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A multiverse analysis of cleaning and analyzing procedures of eye movement data during reading.","authors":"Hayward J Godwin, Charlotte E Lee, Denis Drieghe","doi":"10.3758/s13428-025-02689-0","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-025-02689-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eye movements during reading experiments involve careful cleaning of raw data into a processed format that can then be analyzed. Through the process of cleaning and analyzing these datasets, there are many decisions that researchers make. As a result, there is a wide range of possible approaches that can be taken when analyzing datasets from reading and eye movement experiments. At present, little is known regarding the consequences of these decisions and in a worst-case scenario, specific approaches to cleaning and analyzing these datasets could \"create\" effects that would otherwise not be present in the datasets. Here, we addressed these issues by conducting a multiverse analysis of a range of reasonable and defensible analyses that researchers in this field might conduct. We examined a total of 1,890 different data cleaning and analytic pipelines to explore how different decisions researchers make when cleaning and analyzing their data influence perhaps the most well-known effect in eye movements and reading research: the word frequency effect. More specifically, the impact on the size of the word frequency effect during sentence reading (Lee et al. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2025) was explored. The frequency effect was found to be extremely robust and present in almost all cases, but the magnitude varied substantially, with 36% of the size of the effect being due to specific choices made during data cleaning and analysis. Recommendations for further work and greater transparency in the field are set out based on our findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"57 6","pages":"164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Debora de Chiusole, Luca Stefanutti, Andrea Brancaccio
{"title":"Extracting preference relations from data: Clustering with transitive centroids.","authors":"Debora de Chiusole, Luca Stefanutti, Andrea Brancaccio","doi":"10.3758/s13428-025-02674-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-025-02674-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A clustering algorithm, named k-orders, is proposed to extract transitive relations from a data set. The k-orders algorithm differs from the original k-modes only in the adjustment step. Two adjustment procedures, named transitive centroid adjustment (TCA) and greedy TCA, are proposed that can be used to find clusters with transitive centroids. The proposed clustering approach finds application, especially in studies on preference, where this last may be heterogeneous across individuals, although transitive. The set of cluster centroids extracted by the algorithm from a data set can then be empirically tested via the estimation of a latent class model. The performance of the two versions of k-orders were compared to one another and with the canonical k-modes, in simulation studies. Results show that when centroids are transitive relations, both versions of k-orders outperform k-modes. Moreover, in experimental designs in which two-component options are considered, the TCA algorithm performs better than the greedy TCA. An empirical application was also carried out for exemplifying how k-orders can be useful for studying individual preferences.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"57 6","pages":"165"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction: CoVox: A dataset of contrasting vocalizations.","authors":"Camila Bruder, Pauline Larrouy-Maestri","doi":"10.3758/s13428-025-02687-2","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-025-02687-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"57 6","pages":"162"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12055934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victoria Wardell, Taylyn Jameson, Peggy L St Jacques, Christopher R Madan, Daniela J Palombo
{"title":"Assessing autobiographical memory consistency: Machine and human approaches.","authors":"Victoria Wardell, Taylyn Jameson, Peggy L St Jacques, Christopher R Madan, Daniela J Palombo","doi":"10.3758/s13428-025-02690-7","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-025-02690-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Memory is far from a stable representation of what we have encountered. Over time, we can forget, modify, and distort the details of our experiences. How autobiographical memory-the memories we have for our personal past-changes has important ramifications in both personal and public contexts. However, methodological challenges have hampered research in this area. Here, we introduce a standardized manual scoring procedure for systematically quantifying the consistency of narrative autobiographical memory recall and review advancements in natural language processing models that might be applied to examine changes in memory narratives. We compare the performance of manual and automated approaches on a large dataset of memories recalled at two time points placed approximately 2 months apart (N(memory pairs) = 1,026). We show that human and automated approaches are moderately correlated (r = .21-.46), though numerically human scorers provide conservative measures of consistency, while machines provide a liberal measure. We conclude by highlighting the strengths and limitations of both manual and automated approaches and recommend that human scoring be employed when the types of mnemonic details that are consistent over time and/or what drives inconsistencies in memory are of interest.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"57 6","pages":"163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143973307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrick S R Davidson, Alex W Castro, Steven Carton, Vanessa Cunha, Charles A Collin
{"title":"The Second Database of Emotional Videos from Ottawa (DEVO-2): Over 1300 brief video clips rated on valence, arousal, impact, and familiarity.","authors":"Patrick S R Davidson, Alex W Castro, Steven Carton, Vanessa Cunha, Charles A Collin","doi":"10.3758/s13428-025-02652-z","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-025-02652-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We introduce an updated set of video clips for research on emotion and its relations with perception, cognition, and behavior. These 1380 brief video clips each portray realistic episodes. They were selected to portray situations that vary widely in emotion. Undergraduate students rated the videos on emotional valence, arousal, impact, and familiarity. As expected, valence and arousal ratings were related in a U-shaped function, and arousal and impact were positively linearly associated with one another. Ratings of familiarity were near zero on average, verifying that the clips came from obscure sources. k-means cluster analysis revealed that they could be grouped by valence, arousal, and impact for selecting subsets for future studies. We also provide estimates of motion, luminance, contrast, and visual complexity to facilitate selection. The videos can be used in similar ways to static images but have the advantage of being dynamic and thus more ecologically valid.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"57 6","pages":"161"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marina Rodriguez Lopez, Huaiyu Liu, Federico Mancinelli, Jack Brookes, Dominik R Bach
{"title":"The CogLearn Toolkit for Unity: Validating a virtual reality paradigm for human avoidance learning.","authors":"Marina Rodriguez Lopez, Huaiyu Liu, Federico Mancinelli, Jack Brookes, Dominik R Bach","doi":"10.3758/s13428-025-02630-5","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-025-02630-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Avoidance learning encompasses the acquisition of behaviours that enable individuals to evade or withdraw from potentially harmful stimuli, prior to their occurrence. Maladaptive avoidance is a crucial feature of anxiety and trauma-related disorders. In biological and clinical settings, avoidance behaviours usually involve uninstructed, idiosyncratic and complex motor actions. However, there is a lack of laboratory paradigms that allow investigating how such actions are acquired. To fill this gap, we developed a wireless virtual reality platform to investigate avoidance learning in naturalistic settings, with an uncomfortable sound as unconditioned stimulus (US), a physically plausible avoidance action, and allowing for unconstrained movements. This platform, the CogLearn Toolkit for Unity, is publicly available and allows conducting various types of learning experiments with simple text files as input. We validated this platform in an exploration-confirmation approach with five independent experiments. Overall, participants showed successful acquisition of avoidance behaviour in all experiments. In three exploration experiments, we refined the paradigm and identified mean distance from US location during conditioned stimulus (CS) presentation (before US occurs) as a sensitive measure of avoidance. Two confirmation experiments revealed stronger avoidance for CS+ than CS- during avoidance learning, whether or not this phase was preceded by Pavlovian acquisition. Furthermore, we demonstrated reduced avoidance during extinction with instruction to approach CS, but persistent residual avoidance during this phase. We found evidence of reinstatement in one of two confirmation experiments. Overall, our study provides robust evidence supporting the efficacy of our paradigm in studying avoidance learning in conditions of high ecological relevance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"57 6","pages":"160"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041112/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143953123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Minyu Chang, C J Brainerd, Daniel M Bialer, Xinya Liu
{"title":"How gist and association affect false memory: False recognition and gist rating norms.","authors":"Minyu Chang, C J Brainerd, Daniel M Bialer, Xinya Liu","doi":"10.3758/s13428-025-02681-8","DOIUrl":"10.3758/s13428-025-02681-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Deese/Roediger/McDermott (DRM) illusion is one of the most widely used methods for studying false memory. Early studies provided normed false recall and false recognition data for DRM lists, where recognition is preceded by prior recall tests, and reported regression analyses that revealed backward associative strength (BAS) as one of the strongest predictors of false memory. As an extension of that line of research, we collected new recognition norms that are not confounded by prior recall tests and included gist strength (GS) as a theory-driven predictor of false memory. In Study 1, we normed true and false recognition for 55 DRM lists without prior recall tests, and in Study 2, we normed these lists for their perceived levels of gist strength. In Study 3, we fit a series of multiple linear regression models to the recognition data from Study 1 as well as recall and recognition data from prior false memory norms to disentangle the effects of BAS and GS on false recognition (with and without prior recall) and immediate false recall. Our results revealed that levels of true recognition and the recall-recognition correlation were inflated by prior recall tests. More importantly, GS was the strongest predictor of false recognition, whereas BAS was the strongest predictor of immediate false recall. A GS × BAS interaction was consistently observed for false recall and false recognition, in which the effects of BAS declined as GS increased. This suggests that the two variables compete with each other rather than reinforce each other's effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":8717,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Research Methods","volume":"57 6","pages":"159"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12041068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}