Behavior Genetics最新文献_第2页

TALE and Hox Transcription Factors Modulate Adult Behaviors in Zebrafish. TALE和Hox转录因子调节斑马鱼的成年行为。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10279-9

Austin M Adkins, Katelyn Glowinski, Yong-Il Kim, Ethan Wright, Cameron E Bennett, Jessica C Nelson, Charles G Sagerström

{"title":"TALE and Hox Transcription Factors Modulate Adult Behaviors in Zebrafish.","authors":"Austin M Adkins, Katelyn Glowinski, Yong-Il Kim, Ethan Wright, Cameron E Bennett, Jessica C Nelson, Charles G Sagerström","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10279-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-026-10279-9","url":null,"abstract":"Behavioral dysfunction is a common characteristic of many neurodevelopmental and mental health disorders. While the causes of these disorders vary, aberrant behaviors may arise from alterations in transcriptional regulation during early neural development. Because transcription factors (TFs) often belong to families of closely related members, disruption of a single TF may indirectly influence the functionality of other family members. Consequently, mutations in TFs within the same family may lead to overlapping, yet distinct, phenotypes. This feature of TF function has important implications for understanding behavioral phenotypes, but detailed analyses across a single TF family are still lacking. In this study, we present a comprehensive behavioral analysis of adult zebrafish harboring mutations in individual members of the TALE and Hox TF families, that are essential for nervous system development. Using a battery of validated behavioral assays, we uncover elevated stress responses among all TF mutant lines, as well as TF-specific dysregulation in social interaction, locomotion, and endurance. The shared behavioral abnormalities across mutants suggest TF family members converge on core developmental pathways for stress-related behavioral regulation, while mutation-specific phenotypes indicate unique roles for individual TFs in fine-tuning neural function. Our findings provide a systematic behavioral characterization of TALE and Hox mutants in a vertebrate model and provide a framework for understanding how genetic variation within TF families may differentially contribute to vulnerability for neurodevelopmental and mental health disorders.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"244-258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13529863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148683289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncovering the Role of Biological Sex in the Divergent Genetic Profiles of Early and Late-Diagnosed Autism. 揭示生物性别在早期和晚期诊断的不同基因图谱中的作用。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-08-27 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10281-1

Sophie Breunig, Lukas Schaffer, Jeremy Lawrence, Alexander Sheppard, Andrew Grotzinger

{"title":"Uncovering the Role of Biological Sex in the Divergent Genetic Profiles of Early and Late-Diagnosed Autism.","authors":"Sophie Breunig, Lukas Schaffer, Jeremy Lawrence, Alexander Sheppard, Andrew Grotzinger","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10281-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-026-10281-1","url":null,"abstract":"Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a significant male prevalence bias. While recent evidence suggests that genetic heterogeneity is indexed by age at diagnosis, males are also typically diagnosed earlier, such that the extent to which these age-specific findings are confounded by shared genetic signal with sex-specific genetic architecture remains unclear. To test this, we leveraged sex- and age of diagnosis-stratified GWAS summary statistics for autism and applied a multiple regression framework within Genomic Structural Equation Modeling (Genomic SEM). This approach allowed us to disentangle the overlapping genetic variance between sex, diagnostic timing, and 68 clinically relevant phenotypes reflecting a host of different psychiatric, cognitive, health, and social outcomes. Consistent with prior findings, we identified significantly divergent genetic associations with external traits between early- and late-diagnosed autism subtypes. We also identified few findings for sex-specific associations, along with high genetic correlations across these two traits, which questions the biological basis for disproportionate prevalence rates in males. Multiple regression models confirmed that early-specific associations were not confounded by biological sex. Conversely, the correlations between late-diagnosed autism and the sex-stratified autism GWAS were near 1, indicating that late-specific associations may be confounded. Follow-up analyses using an internalizing factor provided support for sex differences in clinical presentation and age at diagnosis, with female-diagnosed and late-diagnosed autism estimated to have stronger genetic correlations with internalizing traits compared to male and early-diagnosed counterparts. This study underscores the importance of subtyping in genetic analyses and provides a framework to disentangle confounded genetic pathways.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148839069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Growing Up with Parents Who Smoke: Genetic and Environmental Effects on Offspring Substance Use and Externalizing Psychopathology From a 20-Year Minnesota Study of Adoptive Families. 与吸烟的父母一起长大：遗传和环境对后代物质使用的影响以及来自明尼苏达州20年收养家庭的外化精神病理学研究。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-07-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10278-w

Kathryn P O'Donnell, Xinyu Xie, Brooke Huizenga, Alexander Herman, Emily A Willoughby, James J Lee, Robert F Krueger, Sylia Wilson, Glenn I Roisman, Monica Luciana, William G Iacono, Steve Malone, Scott Vrieze

{"title":"Growing Up with Parents Who Smoke: Genetic and Environmental Effects on Offspring Substance Use and Externalizing Psychopathology From a 20-Year Minnesota Study of Adoptive Families.","authors":"Kathryn P O'Donnell, Xinyu Xie, Brooke Huizenga, Alexander Herman, Emily A Willoughby, James J Lee, Robert F Krueger, Sylia Wilson, Glenn I Roisman, Monica Luciana, William G Iacono, Steve Malone, Scott Vrieze","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10278-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-026-10278-w","url":null,"abstract":"In celebration of Matt McGue's career, we conducted a longitudinal extension of a simple and elegant study he supervised nearly two decades ago (Keyes et al. 2008). We examined the effects of teenage exposure to parental smoking on substance use and externalizing outcomes in an adoption study. In total, 1232 offspring from 617 families were longitudinally assessed at mean ages of 15, 18, 22, and 32 years, with 37% of offspring living with at least one smoking parent at the intake assessment. We tested the effect of this exposure on offspring tobacco and cannabis use; nicotine, alcohol, and drug dependence; and ADHD, oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, and adult antisocial behavior at all available follow-up assessments. Effect sizes in adoptive offspring were generally small for all outcomes, indicating minimal environmental effects from exposure to parental smoking. In contrast, the effects of exposure were stronger across all outcomes for biological (nonadopted) offspring, though not uniformly significantly statistically stronger. The environmental risk of parental smoking appears specific to offspring tobacco use while the genetic risk is more general across externalizing outcomes, consistent with Keyes et al. (2008)'s original findings from the initial intake assessment of this cohort.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148444171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Was the Minnesota Transracial Adoption Study Abhorrent or Just Controversial? 明尼苏达跨种族收养研究是令人憎恶的还是有争议的？

IF 2.4 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-07-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10275-z

Lucas J Matthews, Eric Turkheimer

引用次数: 0

Heritability of Functional Literacy: Evidence from a Classical Twin Design. 功能性读写能力的遗传性：来自经典双胞胎设计的证据。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10272-2

Nikita Kolachev, Galina Kovaleva

{"title":"Heritability of Functional Literacy: Evidence from a Classical Twin Design.","authors":"Nikita Kolachev, Galina Kovaleva","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10272-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-026-10272-2","url":null,"abstract":"Functional literacy-the ability to apply reading, mathematical, and scientific knowledge in authentic contexts as operationalized by the PISA framework-is a key predictor of educational attainment, labour-market outcomes, and economic growth. Despite extensive behavioral-genetic research on cognitive ability, the heritability of competency-based literacy measures remains largely unexamined, particularly outside Western populations. The present study addresses this gap by providing the first twin-based heritability estimates for PISA-type functional literacy from Russia. Participants were 114 twin pairs (50 monozygotic [MZ], 64 dizygotic [DZ]; age 14-15) identified within a nationally representative sample of 33,050 eighth-grade students assessed on the Russian Electronic School platform. A bifactor item-response theory model derived scores for a general cognitive ability factor and three domain-specific factors (mathematical, reading, and scientific literacy). Classical twin structural-equation modelling decomposed phenotypic variance into additive genetic (A), shared environmental (C), and non-shared environmental (E) components. The AE model provided the best fit across all phenotypes. Heritability estimates were substantial: functional literacy = 0.76 [95% CI: 0.67-0.85], mathematical literacy = 0.72 [0.59-0.84], reading literacy = 0.69 [0.56-0.82], and scientific literacy = 0.71 [0.59-0.82]. Shared environmental contributions were negligible and non-significant in all models. The twin sample was broadly representative of the source population, with only small mean differences in functional and mathematical literacy. These findings extend the behavioral-genetic architecture of cognitive ability to competency-based assessments and demonstrate its robustness in a non-Western educational context. Limitations include modest sample size, photo-based zygosity assignment, and absence of molecular genetic data.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"153-168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148026350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

ADHD and Student Grades in Children from the ABCD Study^®: A Twin and Siblings Study. 来自ABCD研究®的儿童ADHD和学生成绩：双胞胎和兄弟姐妹研究。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-07-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10274-0

Luis F S Castro-de-Araujo, Daniel Zhou, Mei-Hsin Su, Sydney Kramer, Robert Loughnan, Michael C Neale

{"title":"ADHD and Student Grades in Children from the ABCD Study®: A Twin and Siblings Study.","authors":"Luis F S Castro-de-Araujo, Daniel Zhou, Mei-Hsin Su, Sydney Kramer, Robert Loughnan, Michael C Neale","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10274-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-026-10274-0","url":null,"abstract":"Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms are strongly associated with lower academic performance, yet the nature of this association remains uncertain. We analyzed data from twins and siblings in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® to examine the relationship between ADHD symptoms and school grades using genetically informed models. ADHD symptoms were assessed via the Child Behavior Checklist, and grades were caregiver-reported for the previous school year. Both phenotypes were modeled as ordinal variables. We applied Direction of Causation (DoC) and Mendelian randomization extensions (MR-DoC and MR-DoC2) incorporating polygenic risk scores for ADHD and educational attainment. DoC and MR-DoC comparisons did not distinguish directionality (e.g., DoC forward path estimate = - 0.16, 95% CI [- 0.26, - 0.07]; reverse path = - 0.30, 95% CI [- 0.63, - 0.17]). In MR-DoC2, estimates differed in precision: ADHD-to-grades path = - 0.31, 95% CI [- 0.62, - 0.11]; grades-to-ADHD path = - 0.60, 95% CI [- 1.20, 0.03]. Sex-limitation tests indicated no moderation by sex.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"194-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13421242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148576798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genetic and Environmental Associations Between Processing Speed and Executive Functions Across Adolescence and Established Adulthood. 在青春期和成年期处理速度和执行功能之间的遗传和环境关联。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10271-3

Mohini A Karhadkar, Naomi P Friedman, Chandra A Reynolds, Robin P Corley, Daniel E Gustavson

{"title":"Genetic and Environmental Associations Between Processing Speed and Executive Functions Across Adolescence and Established Adulthood.","authors":"Mohini A Karhadkar, Naomi P Friedman, Chandra A Reynolds, Robin P Corley, Daniel E Gustavson","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10271-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-026-10271-3","url":null,"abstract":"Processing speed (PS), the rate at which an individual can perform basic cognitive tasks, and executive functions (EFs), cognitive abilities regulating thoughts and action, are key cognitive abilities related to important life outcomes. We investigated the relationship between PS and multiple EFs (a common factor and two factors specific to updating working memory and shifting mental sets) across adolescence (M age = 17.26 years, SD = 0.68) and established adulthood (M age 29.34 years, SD = 1.29). 797 individual twins (MZ = 428, DZ = 369) in the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study completed 3 PS tasks and 6-9 EF tasks. PSage16 correlated strongly with PSage29 (r = .90) and Common EF (cEF) at age 17 (r = .70). Furthermore, cEF and Updating-Specific factors in late adolescence predicted new variance in PSage29 (rs = 0.13 to 0.16), but PSage16 did not predict new variance in cEF in established adulthood. PS and cEF were highly heritable at both ages (a2 > = 0.74) and genetically correlated at both time points (ra = 0.70 to 0.73). PS was not significantly genetically correlated with the Updating- or Shifting-Specific factors in late adolescence, but was in established adulthood. Results indicate that PS and EFs are highly correlated yet distinct constructs. PS and EFs both demonstrate strong stability of genetic/environmental influences across nearly 15 years from late adolescence into established adulthood. It will be important for future developmental studies to understand why specific EF factors predict future variance in PS, but not the reverse.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"169-183"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13333102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148136434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracing the Right Path: Determination of Large Pedigree Segmentation and Relatedness. 追踪正确的路径：大谱系分割和相关性的确定。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10259-z

Michael D Hunter, S Mason Garrison, Xuanyu Lyu, Rachel Good, M Nithya Mylakumar, Lihle Bayavuya Moyakhe, Sarah L Carroll, S Alexandra Burt

{"title":"Tracing the Right Path: Determination of Large Pedigree Segmentation and Relatedness.","authors":"Michael D Hunter, S Mason Garrison, Xuanyu Lyu, Rachel Good, M Nithya Mylakumar, Lihle Bayavuya Moyakhe, Sarah L Carroll, S Alexandra Burt","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10259-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-026-10259-z","url":null,"abstract":"Large population databases frequently include complicated family structures that are amenable to modern biometric methods: allowing for intergenerational and extended pedigree analyses. To date, much of the latent potential of these resources remains untapped due to numerous complexities that arise in their analysis. Two difficult and critical problems are (1) finding independent extended families within larger population databases, and (2) determining coefficients of relatedness among all pairs of individuals within those extended families. If these problems were solved, researchers could more fully utilize data on extended families for biometric modeling. In this paper, we provide fast, computationally efficient algorithms for both of these problems and several more that are applicable to arbitrarily large and complex pedigrees. The algorithms rely solely on mother-child and father-child relationships that form the basis of many large population databases. These methods will be invaluable to any researcher trying to segment standard pedigree data files into independent extended family units, compute relatedness coefficients within extended families, and conduct intergenerational and other biometric modeling.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"206-223"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13421354/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Direct and Indirect Genetic Effects on Child ADHD Traits in Early and Mid-Childhood: Trio Genome-Wide Complex Trait Analyses in a Large Norwegian Birth Registry Cohort. 儿童早期和中期ADHD特征的直接和间接遗传影响：挪威出生登记队列的三组全基因组复杂性状分析。

IF 2.4 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10273-1

Daniel L Wechsler, Espen M Eilertsen, Yasmin I Ahmadzadeh, Rosa Cheesman, Nicoletta Adamo, Laurie J Hannigan, Eivind Ystrom, Tom A McAdams

{"title":"Direct and Indirect Genetic Effects on Child ADHD Traits in Early and Mid-Childhood: Trio Genome-Wide Complex Trait Analyses in a Large Norwegian Birth Registry Cohort.","authors":"Daniel L Wechsler, Espen M Eilertsen, Yasmin I Ahmadzadeh, Rosa Cheesman, Nicoletta Adamo, Laurie J Hannigan, Eivind Ystrom, Tom A McAdams","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10273-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-026-10273-1","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic variants in family members may exert environmentally mediated indirect genetic effects on children's attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) traits. We set out to quantify the indirect genetic effects of parents' genotypes on children's ADHD traits as measured in early and mid-childhood. We analyzed data from genotyped trios of children, mothers, and fathers of European ancestry from the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) birth cohort. Child ADHD data were available for analytic subsamples of 12,374 trios at age 5 (children 50.5% male), and 12,714 trios at age 8 (children 50.9% male). We quantified direct genetic effects of children's genotype and indirect effects of mothers' and fathers' genotypes on children's ADHD traits at each age. Differing patterns of direct and indirect genetic effects were observed in early and mid-childhood, with predominantly maternal indirect genetic effects on ADHD traits at age 5, and roughly equal direct genetic effects and maternal indirect effects on ADHD traits at age 8. However, large standard errors hindered confident inference as to the relative importance of specific effects, and model fit comparisons ultimately favored models with no indirect genetic effects at age 5 and 8, as well as no direct genetic effects at age 5. We do not find clear evidence of indirect genetic effects of maternal or paternal genotype on child ADHD traits at ages 5 and 8, nor direct genetic effects on child ADHD traits at age 5. While previous findings of indirect genetic effects on ADHD subdomains at ages 3 and 8 broadly support the plausibility of indirect genetic effects operating on total ADHD scores at ages 5 and 8, it appears that indirect genetic effects on overall ADHD trait magnitude may be more difficult to estimate with precision than subdomain-specific effects.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"184-193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13421261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Behavioral Disinhibition Model of Addiction: A Review and New Findings from the Minnesota Twin Family Study. 成瘾的行为去抑制模型：明尼苏达州双胞胎家庭研究的回顾和新发现。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-06-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10267-z

Brian M Hicks, William G Iacono

{"title":"Behavioral Disinhibition Model of Addiction: A Review and New Findings from the Minnesota Twin Family Study.","authors":"Brian M Hicks, William G Iacono","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10267-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-026-10267-z","url":null,"abstract":"We provide an historical perspective on the development, empirical support, and evolution of the behavioral disinhibition model of addiction that has been a central aim of the Minnesota Twin Family Study (MTFS). Conceived by David Lykken, the MTFS initiated a 35-year collaboration between Matt McGue and Bill Iacono, who together built the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research (MCTFR). The behavioral disinhibition model posited that a heritable psychobiological liability expressed as the failure to conform to normative behavior and deficits in self-regulation underlies the co-occurrence, family transmission, and early onset of substance use problems and externalizing psychopathology. MCTFR longitudinal investigations spanning childhood through adulthood and twin, adoption, family, and genome-wide association studies support the genetic basis of behavioral disinhibition and its associations with numerous impulse control problems. Heritability of externalizing peaks in late adolescence, while there is consistent evidence for shared environmental influences on child antisocial behavior and early adolescent problem behaviors. Environmental adversity amplifies genetic vulnerability, driving an adolescent onset of substance use problems while behavioral disinhibition is key to their persistence. We also present an updated behavioral disinhibition model that spans childhood through young adulthood and report novel cotwin control analyses of 1382 twin pairs finding bidirectional associations wherein heavy substance use has robust casual non-familial effects that contribute to greater antisocial behavior and a more disinhibited personality structure in adulthood and vice versa. Genetic and shared environmental influences on behavioral disinhibition and the non-familial effects of heavy substance use create a system of person-environment transactions that maintain stable developmental trajectories and changes in adjustment across young adulthood.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148257154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0