Behavior Genetics最新文献_第2页

Expanding the Danish Twin Registry into its Third Century: Secular Trends in Twin Births and Survival. 扩展丹麦双胞胎登记进入第三个世纪：双胞胎出生和生存的长期趋势。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10255-3

Kaare Christensen, Lisbeth Aagaard Larsen, Dorthe Almind Pedersen, Jacob von Bornemann Hjelmborg, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, Marianne Nygaard

{"title":"Expanding the Danish Twin Registry into its Third Century: Secular Trends in Twin Births and Survival.","authors":"Kaare Christensen, Lisbeth Aagaard Larsen, Dorthe Almind Pedersen, Jacob von Bornemann Hjelmborg, Kirsten Ohm Kyvik, Marianne Nygaard","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10255-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-026-10255-3","url":null,"abstract":"The Danish Twin Registry has been expanded several times since its establishment in 1954. Here we describe the inclusion of the Danish 2001-2021 twin birth cohorts and the merging with the Danish 1870-2000 twin birth cohorts that enabled us to analyze changes in both twin birth frequency and survival over three centuries. Through Danish nationwide registers, 22,680 twin pairs born in Denmark in the period 2001-2021 were identified and contacted. Response to an electronic questionnaire including similarity questions for zygosity classification was obtained from 15,005 pairs (66.2%). Genetic markers for a subsample revealed a zygosity misclassification rate of 5.3%. From the mid-19th to the mid-20th century, twinning rate was relatively stable followed by an unexplained one third reduction from 1950 to 1970. A doubling occurred from the 1980s to the 2000s due to increasing maternal age at birth and, most importantly, Medically Assisted Reproduction (MAR). Changes in MAR procedures have since resulted in a marked decline, bringing the contemporary twinning rate back to the level of the 19th century. In the 19th century, 43% of twins died before age 6; in the 1970s, the number was 5.4% and in the most recent 21st century cohorts, it was 2.0%. In all three centuries studied, the twin mortality before age 6 was 2-5 times higher in twins compared to singletons. However, large studies of the Danish and other Scandinavian twin cohorts suggest that twin-singleton differences generally vanish with age and, for more recent birth cohorts, are few and generally small after childhood.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Co-twin Control Analyses Reveal Genetic Contributions to SES Influences in Mean Level and Longitudinal Change in Physical Aging. 双胞对照分析揭示SES对生理衰老平均水平和纵向变化的遗传影响。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-02-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10256-2

Deborah Finkel, Brian K Finch, Margaret Gatz, Ida K Karlsson, Chandra A Reynolds, Miriam Mosing, Sneha Nimmagadda, Malin Ericsson

{"title":"Co-twin Control Analyses Reveal Genetic Contributions to SES Influences in Mean Level and Longitudinal Change in Physical Aging.","authors":"Deborah Finkel, Brian K Finch, Margaret Gatz, Ida K Karlsson, Chandra A Reynolds, Miriam Mosing, Sneha Nimmagadda, Malin Ericsson","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10256-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-026-10256-2","url":null,"abstract":"Socioeconomic status (SES) predicts age-related changes in health status; however, the source of SES-health associations is heavily debated. Twin studies allow tests of causal hypotheses by modeling within and between twin pair differences in longitudinal latent growth curve models (LGCM) of physical aging, examining level of functioning and rate of change with age. Three longitudinal twin studies of aging (mean age at baseline = 71.36, SD = 10.7) from the Swedish Twin Registry (N = 1369) included up to 27 years of follow-up on a Functional Aging Index (FAI) consisting of lung function, grip strength, walking speed, and self-report sensory functioning. SES indicators included education, financial strain, and occupation-based socioeconomic position. Pair means (between family effect) and within pair differences (within family effect) for SES were included as covariates of both intercept and slopes in a two-slope LGCM (intercept at age 75); models were corrected for sex and parental SES. LGCM results were compared across the full sample, then separately for both monozygotic and dizygotic twin pairs. Results indicated genetic confounding in the associations between multiple SES indicators and the FAI intercept. Additionally, the relationship between education longitudinal change in physical aging up to age 75 was subject to genetic confounding. These patterns were replicated among men. In contrast, findings for women pointed to shared environmental influences rather than genetic confounding, although statistical power was reduced in sex-stratified analyses. Results highlight the importance of considering the timing of socioeconomic exposures and gendered life-course trajectories when examining health inequalities in aging.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13053737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146218406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing and Teaching Curriculum to Reduce Genetic Essentialism in University Classrooms. 减少大学课堂遗传本质主义的课程开发与教学。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-02-16 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10251-7

Kathryn Fiuza Malerbi, Andrew Brubaker, Monica Weindling, Katherine N Thompson, Christine Miriam Habib, Yeongmi Jeong, Brian M Donovan, Robbee Wedow

{"title":"Developing and Teaching Curriculum to Reduce Genetic Essentialism in University Classrooms.","authors":"Kathryn Fiuza Malerbi, Andrew Brubaker, Monica Weindling, Katherine N Thompson, Christine Miriam Habib, Yeongmi Jeong, Brian M Donovan, Robbee Wedow","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10251-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-026-10251-7","url":null,"abstract":"Genetic essentialism is a social-cognitive prejudice involving the belief that people of the same race share genes that make them behaviorally, physically, and cognitively uniform and also genetically distinct from other other races, despite the fact that race and ethnicity are socially constructed categories that lack any biological basis. It can be exacerbated by a basic, Mendelian-based genetics and biology education. To combat this phenomenon, the Humane Genomics Literacy (HGL) curriculum was developed and has been highly effective in both increasing students' understanding of genetics and reducing students' belief in genetic essentialism. In this article, we focus on how to teach the HGL curriculum in the classroom. We carefully describe the original HGL curriculum in terms of content and the unique pedagogical practices that the curriculum includes. Next, we discuss how to adapt the curriculum for the university classroom. In doing so, we allow readers to see inside the HGL curriculum for the first time and to gain a better understanding of how each instructional support and each conceptual understanding are built from lesson to lesson. We aim to provide a guide for genetics educators who are interested in using HGL in their own university classrooms.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146200036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex Differences in Genetic and Environmental Influences on Age at Initiation of Gaming. 遗传和环境对游戏开始年龄影响的性别差异。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-02-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-026-10252-6

Yubin Kim, Yoon-Mi Hur

{"title":"Sex Differences in Genetic and Environmental Influences on Age at Initiation of Gaming.","authors":"Yubin Kim, Yoon-Mi Hur","doi":"10.1007/s10519-026-10252-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-026-10252-6","url":null,"abstract":"The link between age at initiation of gaming (AAIG) and gaming addiction (GA) is well established, but the genetic and environmental etiology of AAIG remains poorly understood due to the scarcity of genetically informative studies. This study investigated genetic and environmental influences on AAIG using data from 1,394 South Korean adult twins (mean age = 23.0 ± 2.6 years; range = 19 to 30 years). Tetrachoric correlations for AAIG were 0.96 (95% CI = 0.92, 0.98) for monozygotic (MZ) male, 0.84 (95% CI = 0.69, 0.92) for dizygotic (DZ) male, 0.80 (95% CI = 0.73, 0.85) for MZ female, 0.56 (95% CI = 0.38, 0.70) for DZ female, and 0.54 (95% CI = 0.36, 0.68) for opposite-sex DZ twins. Model-fitting analysis incorporating sex differences revealed that shared environmental factors dominated (71%; 95% CI = 39%, 89%), with a smaller but significant genetic component (24%; 95% CI = 6%, 57%) in males, whereas genetic factors played a larger role (59%; 95% CI = 37%, 77%), while shared environmental (21%; 95% CI = 5%, 41%) and non-shared environmental influences (20%; 95% CI = 15%, 27%) were also significant in females. Our findings highlight sex differences in genetic and shared environmental influences in the etiology of AAIG. Effective prevention and intervention strategies for GA should consider genetic vulnerability to AAIG and family exposures, incorporating sex-specific approaches.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146131155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From Genomes to Conversations: Outreach and Engagement in Psychiatric Genetics. 从基因组到对话：精神病学遗传学的拓展和参与。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-025-10246-w

Helena L Davies, Niamh M Ryan, Kylie K Reed, Natasha Berthold, Jared G Maina, Ruth McNulty, Abigail R Ter Kuile, Ofure A Ubah, Eva Trujillo-ChiVacuan, Eva C Schulte, Jessica Mei Kay Yang, Melanie M de Wit, Estela Maria Bruxel, Joseph D Deak, Maria Koromina, Thomas Sollie, Alice Braun, Cynthia M Bulik, Cathryn M Lewis, Danielle M Dick, Jerry Guintivano, Howard J Edenberg

{"title":"From Genomes to Conversations: Outreach and Engagement in Psychiatric Genetics.","authors":"Helena L Davies, Niamh M Ryan, Kylie K Reed, Natasha Berthold, Jared G Maina, Ruth McNulty, Abigail R Ter Kuile, Ofure A Ubah, Eva Trujillo-ChiVacuan, Eva C Schulte, Jessica Mei Kay Yang, Melanie M de Wit, Estela Maria Bruxel, Joseph D Deak, Maria Koromina, Thomas Sollie, Alice Braun, Cynthia M Bulik, Cathryn M Lewis, Danielle M Dick, Jerry Guintivano, Howard J Edenberg","doi":"10.1007/s10519-025-10246-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-025-10246-w","url":null,"abstract":"Outreach in psychiatric genetics bridges the gaps across research advancements, clinical practice, and public understanding. Effective communication with a range of audiences faces multiple challenges, including the complex nature of psychiatric disorders and of genetic findings, the chronicled and ongoing misuse of genetic data, and the rapid growth of direct-to-consumer genetic testing. This is particularly true in the internet and social media era, which has accelerated the spread of inaccurate information with serious consequences, including perpetuating stigma and increasing shame. Yet a significant gap remains in outreach: a recent survey found that only 51% of psychiatric genetics researchers participate in outreach, largely attributed to their perceived lack of skill and support. The Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) developed an Outreach Committee to organize and catalyze initiatives including: the Worldwide Lab, an online seminar series covering new and important approaches that is then posted on YouTube; the PGC Video Textbook, which has resources for clinicians, researchers, educators, and the broader public; patient and family engagement programs; and social media campaigns designed to inform both researchers and affected communities about new developments in psychiatric genetics. These initiatives were developed to demystify psychiatric genetics research and empower broad audiences with reliable, actionable information. Along with research and traditional teaching, the psychiatric genomics community should continue to prioritize and recognize engagement as a core component of our academic mission and values.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146123428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Imputing Parental Genotypes Through Mendelian Imputation: Ethical and Legal Considerations. 通过孟德尔归算推断亲代基因型：伦理和法律考虑。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-025-10250-0

Margot P van de Weijer, Emily Bassett, Paul S Appelbaum, Evan J Giangrande, Lucas J Matthews

{"title":"Imputing Parental Genotypes Through Mendelian Imputation: Ethical and Legal Considerations.","authors":"Margot P van de Weijer, Emily Bassett, Paul S Appelbaum, Evan J Giangrande, Lucas J Matthews","doi":"10.1007/s10519-025-10250-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10519-025-10250-0","url":null,"abstract":"Mendelian imputation is a promising method for imputing missing parental genotypes and estimating direct and indirect genetic effects. While the method has clear scientific benefits, so far there has been little reflection on its legal and ethical implications. In this perspective, we discuss these considerations and provide recommendations on transparent use of this method. We argue that imputed genotypes should be considered identifiable, personal data, and that using these data requires informed consent. We distinguish different scenarios where consent may be missing, such as an individual previously not having been contacted for consent, or a person who was contacted but did not reply or did not wish to participate. Informed consent is important across all these scenarios as it allows individuals to decide whether they want to participate in a study. In addition, transparent communication on how people's data are used is important for public perception of science, and a failure to communicate this may contribute to mistrust. We discuss potential harmful applications of Mendelian imputation, and how robust regulatory frameworks guiding Institutional Review Boards on novel advanced methods such as Mendelian imputation are currently missing. This complicates decision making, especially when researchers argue for public interest as a lawful basis for foregoing consent. We end with a set of recommendations for (1) future genetic research projects for which Mendelian imputation will be possible; (2) research that has already been conducted using this method; and (3) the inclusion of ethical considerations in the publication of novel techniques/analyses.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145931874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethnic Discrimination Moderates Genetic Influences on Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology. 民族歧视调节基因对青少年内化和外化精神病理的影响。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-025-10247-9

Jinni Su, Angel Trevino, Belal Jamil, Kathryn Lemery-Chalfant, Kit K Elam, José M Causadias

{"title":"Ethnic Discrimination Moderates Genetic Influences on Adolescent Internalizing and Externalizing Psychopathology.","authors":"Jinni Su, Angel Trevino, Belal Jamil, Kathryn Lemery-Chalfant, Kit K Elam, José M Causadias","doi":"10.1007/s10519-025-10247-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-025-10247-9","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the degree to which genetic and environmental factors contribute to externalizing and internalizing problems in early adolescence, and the role of ethnic discrimination in moderating genetic and environmental influences. The sample included 740 racially/ethnically minoritized adolescent twins (50.3% female, mean age = 11.04 years) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study. Adolescents reported on their ethnic discrimination experiences, and parents reported on adolescents' externalizing and internalizing problems. Using univariate biometric twin modeling, we found that both genetic and environmental factors contributed to individual differences in externalizing and internalizing problems. Ethnic discrimination experiences moderated genetic influences on externalizing and internalizing problems, such that genetic influences were higher among youth who experienced higher levels of ethnic discrimination. Ethnic discrimination experiences exacerbate genetic influences on externalizing and internalizing problems among racial/ethnic minoritized adolescents. These findings advance our understanding of the interplay between genetic and cultural factors underlying externalizing and internalizing psychopathology among racially/ethnically minoritized adolescents.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"14-28"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12795869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145848690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association of Self-esteem with Mental Health and Personality: The Contribution of Genetic and Environmental Factors. 自尊与心理健康和人格的关系：遗传和环境因素的贡献。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-025-10249-7

Henrike F van den Berg, Meike Bartels, Bruno Sauce, Teemu Palviainen, Richard J Rose, Jaakko Kaprio, Eero Vuoksimaa, Karri Silventoinen

{"title":"Association of Self-esteem with Mental Health and Personality: The Contribution of Genetic and Environmental Factors.","authors":"Henrike F van den Berg, Meike Bartels, Bruno Sauce, Teemu Palviainen, Richard J Rose, Jaakko Kaprio, Eero Vuoksimaa, Karri Silventoinen","doi":"10.1007/s10519-025-10249-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-025-10249-7","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals with high self-esteem experience less social anxiety, fewer depressive symptoms, and exhibit lower neuroticism and higher extraversion. We aimed to explore the genetic and environmental influences behind these associations. Self-esteem, four mental health indicators, and five personality factors were assessed in 1,288 Finnish young adult twins, including 583 complete pairs. The mean age of the participants was 21.9 years (SD = 0.8). Classical twin modelling was used to estimate genetic and environmental correlations. Additionally, regression models were used to examine the association between self-esteem and polygenic scores (PGS) of several mental health traits. Among all participants, self-esteem associated positively with extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness and negatively with depressive symptoms, alexithymia, schizotypal personality, overall mental health problems and neuroticism. These associations were explained by additive genetic factors (19-66% of covariation) and unique environmental factors (36-81% of covariation) when using twin modelling. Self-esteem correlated only with the PGS of subjective well-being in men and women. The proportion of variance of self-esteem explained by the PGSs was minor (1.5% or less). These findings suggest that while self-esteem shares a genetic background with mental health and personality traits, unique environmental factors can also influence these connections. Our findings are consistent with a hypothesis that enhancing self-esteem can have a positive impact on mental health.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"29-38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12795968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145910335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Power to Resolve Cultural Transmission and Sibling Interaction Using Polygenic Scores. 利用多基因分数解决文化传播和兄弟姐妹互动的能力。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-025-10244-y

Josefina B Bernardo, Charlotte K L Pahnke, Elsje van Bergen, Conor V Dolan

{"title":"The Power to Resolve Cultural Transmission and Sibling Interaction Using Polygenic Scores.","authors":"Josefina B Bernardo, Charlotte K L Pahnke, Elsje van Bergen, Conor V Dolan","doi":"10.1007/s10519-025-10244-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-025-10244-y","url":null,"abstract":"In the classical twin design, the assumption that the additive genetic (A) and shared environment (C) variance components are uncorrelated may not hold. If there is positive AC covariance, the C component is overestimated. While many processes can lead to AC covariance, in this study, we focus on two widely-studied mechanisms: Cultural transmission (e.g., genetic nurture), when the parents' genotypes contribute to the effective environment of the child, and sibling interaction, when the genotype of one sibling contributes to the effective environment of another. Several designs use polygenic scores of parents or siblings to detect AC covariance, but these models cannot unambiguously identify the source. A combined model has been proposed, but its power to identify both processes has not been well-studied yet. This study uses exact data simulation to investigate the power to disentangle these processes. Results demonstrated that we can detect AC covariance using either genotyped-sibling or genotyped-parent data, but we cannot resolve its source and thus risk making wrong inferences. These sources of AC covariance can be resolved using genotyped data of both siblings and parents. However, the power analyses show that large samples are required to do so. The sample sizes of published studies may be too small to unambiguously resolve the contributions of the two processes to AC covariance, especially if the effect of one is relatively small compared to the effect of the other. We implement these findings in an R package for genomic simulations, gnomesims, and emphasize the need for whole-family genotyping and modeling.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145601887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing Orthogonality in Gene-Environment Interaction Studies Using Polygenic Indices. 利用多基因指数评估基因-环境相互作用研究中的正交性。

IF 2.2 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-025-10248-8

Eric A W Slob, Dilnoza Muslimova, Cornelius A Rietveld

{"title":"Assessing Orthogonality in Gene-Environment Interaction Studies Using Polygenic Indices.","authors":"Eric A W Slob, Dilnoza Muslimova, Cornelius A Rietveld","doi":"10.1007/s10519-025-10248-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-025-10248-8","url":null,"abstract":"Gene-environment interaction (G×E) studies analyze how environmental conditions cushion or exacerbate differences in genetic endowments. A gene-environment correlation (rGE) between the polygenic index (PGI) and the environmental condition employed in these G×E studies could bias the estimation of the interaction effect. In this brief report, we discuss the limitations of the commonplace correlation-based test used to verify the orthogonality of the PGI and the environment, and propose to complement it with an additional assessment of the genetic correlation between the phenotype corresponding to the PGI of interest and the environmental condition in the G×E analysis sample using bivariate GREML. Our proposed test is straightforward to perform with the data typically available to G×E researchers, and bypasses that the PGI reflects the environmental conditions of the training sample used to calibrate it. Using UK Biobank data, we provide empirical illustrations covering three environmental conditions relevant for educational attainment. We confirm the orthogonality of the Raising of School Leave Age 1972 educational reform and of gender, although gender did not pass the correlation-based test. However, birth district social class and the genetic propensity for educational attainment appear to be intrinsically intertwined.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12795928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145931878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0