Behavior Genetics最新文献_第3页

Natural Selection Across Three Generations of Americans. 跨越三代美国人的自然选择。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10189-8

David Hugh-Jones, Tobias Edwards

引用次数: 0

Non-Synonymous Substitutions in Cadherin 13, Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4, and Monoamine Oxidase A Genes are Associated with Personality Traits in Thoroughbred Horses. Cadherin 13、溶质运载家族 6 成员 4 和单胺氧化酶 A 基因的非同义替换与纯血马的性格特征有关。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10186-x

Tamu Yokomori, Teruaki Tozaki, Aoi Ohnuma, Mutsuki Ishimaru, Fumio Sato, Yusuke Hori, Takao Segawa, Takuya Itou

{"title":"Non-Synonymous Substitutions in Cadherin 13, Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4, and Monoamine Oxidase A Genes are Associated with Personality Traits in Thoroughbred Horses.","authors":"Tamu Yokomori, Teruaki Tozaki, Aoi Ohnuma, Mutsuki Ishimaru, Fumio Sato, Yusuke Hori, Takao Segawa, Takuya Itou","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10186-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10186-x","url":null,"abstract":"Retraining retired racehorses for various purposes can help correct behavioral issues. However, ensuring efficiency and preventing accidents present global challenges. Based on the hypothesis that a simple personality assessment could help address these challenges, the present study aimed to identify genetic markers associated with personality. Eight genes were selected from 18 personality-related candidate genes that are orthologs of human personality genes, and their association with personality was verified based on actual behavior. A total of 169 Thoroughbred horses were assessed for their tractability (questionnaire concerning tractability in 14 types of situations and 3 types of impressions) during the training process. Personality factors were extracted from the data using principal component analysis and analyzed for their association with single nucleotide variants as non-synonymous substitutions in the target genes. Three genes, CDH13, SLC6A4, and MAOA, demonstrated significant associations based on simple linear regression, marking the identification of these genes for the first time as contributors to temperament in Thoroughbred horses. All these genes, as well as the previously identified HTR1A, are involved in the serotonin neurotransmitter system, suggesting that the tractability of horses may be correlated with their social personality. Assessing the genotypes of these genes before retraining is expected to prevent problems in the development of a racehorse's second career and shorten the training period through individual customization of training methods, thereby improving racehorse welfare.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"333-341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141295436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prospective Effects of Self-Rated Health on Dementia Risk in Two Twin Studies of Aging. 两项双生子老龄化研究中自我健康评价对痴呆症风险的前瞻性影响。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10182-1

Matthew J D Pilgrim, Christopher R Beam, Marianne Nygaard, Deborah Finkel

{"title":"Prospective Effects of Self-Rated Health on Dementia Risk in Two Twin Studies of Aging.","authors":"Matthew J D Pilgrim, Christopher R Beam, Marianne Nygaard, Deborah Finkel","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10182-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10182-1","url":null,"abstract":"Subjective health ratings are associated with dementia risk such that those who rate their health more poorly have increased risk for dementia. The genetic and environmental mechanisms underlying this association are unclear, as prior research cannot rule out whether the association is due to genetic confounds. The current study addresses this gap in two samples of twins, one from Sweden (N = 548) and one from Denmark (N = 4,373). Using genetically-informed, bivariate regression models, we assessed whether additive genetic effects explained the association between subjective health and dementia risk as indexed by a latent variable proxy measure. Age at intake, sex, education, depressive symptomatology, and follow-up time between subjective health and dementia risk assessments were included as covariates. Results indicate that genetic variance and other sources of confounding accounted for the majority of the effect of subjective health ratings on dementia risk. After adjusting for genetic confounding and other covariates, a small correlation was observed between subjective health and latent dementia risk in the Danish sample (rE = - .09, p < .05). The results provide further support for the genetic association between subjective health and dementia risk, and also suggest that subjective ratings of health measures may be useful for predicting dementia risk.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"307-320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11196327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Note on Modelling Bidirectional Feedback Loops in Mendelian Randomization Studies. 孟德尔随机化研究中的双向反馈回路建模说明。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10183-0

Liang-Dar Hwang, David M Evans

{"title":"A Note on Modelling Bidirectional Feedback Loops in Mendelian Randomization Studies.","authors":"Liang-Dar Hwang, David M Evans","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10183-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10183-0","url":null,"abstract":"Structural equation models (SEMs) involving feedback loops may offer advantages over standard instrumental variables estimators in terms of modelling causal effects in the presence of bidirectional relationships. In the following note, we show that in the case of a single \"exposure\" and \"outcome\" variable, modelling relationships using a SEM with a simple bidirectional linear feedback loop offers no advantage over traditional instrumental variables estimators in terms of consistency (i.e. both approaches yield consistent estimates of the causal effect, provided that causal estimates are obtained in both directions). In the case of finite samples, traditional IV estimators and SEM exhibited similar power across many of the conditions we examined, although which method performed best depended on the residual correlation between variables and the strength of the instruments. In particular, the power of SEM was insensitive to the residual correlation between variables, whereas the power of the Wald estimator/2SLS improved (deteriorated) relative to SEM as the magnitude of the residual correlation increased (decreased) assuming a positive causal effect of the exposure on the outcome. The power of SEM improved relative to the Wald estimator/2SLS as the instruments explained more residual variance in the \"outcome\" variable.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"367-373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11196367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Garden of Forking Paths: Reinterpreting Haseman-Elston Regression for a Genotype-by-Environment Model. 岔路花园：重新诠释基因型-环境模型的 Haseman-Elston 回归。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10184-z

Guo-Bo Chen

引用次数: 0

Using Alternative Definitions of Controls to Increase Statistical Power in GWAS. 使用对照组的替代定义来提高 GWAS 的统计功率。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10187-w

Sarah E Benstock, Katherine Weaver, John M Hettema, Brad Verhulst

{"title":"Using Alternative Definitions of Controls to Increase Statistical Power in GWAS.","authors":"Sarah E Benstock, Katherine Weaver, John M Hettema, Brad Verhulst","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10187-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10187-w","url":null,"abstract":"Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are often underpowered due to small effect sizes of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on phenotypes and extreme multiple testing thresholds. The most common approach for increasing statistical power is to increase sample size. We propose an alternative strategy of redefining case-control outcomes into ordinal case-subthreshold-asymptomatic variables. While maintaining the clinical case threshold, we subdivide controls into two groups: individuals who are symptomatic but do not meet the clinical criteria for diagnosis (subthreshold) and individuals who are effectively asymptomatic. We conducted a simulation study to examine the impact of effect size, minor allele frequency, population prevalence, and the prevalence of the subthreshold group on statistical power to detect genetic associations in three scenarios: a standard case-control, an ordinal, and a case-asymptomatic control analysis. Our results suggest the ordinal model consistently provides the greatest statistical power while the case-control model the least. Power in the case-asymptomatic control model reflects the case-control or ordinal model depending on the population prevalence and size of the subthreshold category. We then analyzed a major depression phenotype from the UK Biobank to corroborate our simulation results. Overall, the ordinal model improves statistical power in GWAS consistent with increasing the sample size by approximately 10%.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"353-366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attachment and Political Personality are Heritable and Distinct Systems, and Both Share Genetics with Interpersonal Trust and Altruism. 依恋和政治人格是可遗传的独特系统，二者与人际信任和利他主义共享遗传学。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10185-y

Thomas Haarklau Kleppesto, Nikolai Olavi Czajkowski, Olav Vassend, Espen Roysamb, Nikolai Haahjem Eftedal, Jennifer Sheehy-Skeffington, Eivind Ystrom, Jonas R Kunst, Line C Gjerde, Lotte Thomsen

{"title":"Attachment and Political Personality are Heritable and Distinct Systems, and Both Share Genetics with Interpersonal Trust and Altruism.","authors":"Thomas Haarklau Kleppesto, Nikolai Olavi Czajkowski, Olav Vassend, Espen Roysamb, Nikolai Haahjem Eftedal, Jennifer Sheehy-Skeffington, Eivind Ystrom, Jonas R Kunst, Line C Gjerde, Lotte Thomsen","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10185-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10185-y","url":null,"abstract":"The attachment and caregiving domains maintain proximity and care-giving behavior between parents and offspring, in a way that has been argued to shape people's mental models of how relationships work, resulting in secure, anxious or avoidant interpersonal styles in adulthood. Several theorists have suggested that the attachment system is closely connected to orientations and behaviors in social and political domains, which should be grounded in the same set of familial experiences as are the different attachment styles. We use a sample of Norwegian twins (N = 1987) to assess the genetic and environmental relationship between attachment, trust, altruism, right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), and social dominance orientation (SDO). Results indicate no shared environmental overlap between attachment and ideology, nor even between the attachment styles or between the ideological traits, challenging conventional wisdom in developmental, social, and political psychology. Rather, evidence supports two functionally distinct systems, one for navigating intimate relationships (attachment) and one for navigating social hierarchies (RWA/SDO), with genetic overlap between traits within each system, and two distinct genetic linkages to trust and altruism. This is counter-posed to theoretical perspectives that link attachment, ideology, and interpersonal orientations through early relational experiences.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"321-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11196312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141173760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Statistical and Machine Learning Analysis in Brain-Imaging Genetics: A Review of Methods. 脑成像遗传学中的统计和机器学习分析：方法综述》。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10177-y

Connor L Cheek, Peggy Lindner, Elena L Grigorenko

引用次数: 0

Are Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Psychopathology Amplified in Children with Below-Average Intelligence? A Population-Based Twin Study. 智力低于平均水平的儿童的精神病理学遗传和环境风险因素是否会放大？一项基于人口的双胞胎研究。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-14 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-023-10174-7

Susanne Bruins, Elsje van Bergen, Maurits W Masselink, Stefania A Barzeva, Catharina A Hartman, Roy Otten, Nanda N J Rommelse, Conor V Dolan, Dorret I Boomsma

{"title":"Are Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Psychopathology Amplified in Children with Below-Average Intelligence? A Population-Based Twin Study.","authors":"Susanne Bruins, Elsje van Bergen, Maurits W Masselink, Stefania A Barzeva, Catharina A Hartman, Roy Otten, Nanda N J Rommelse, Conor V Dolan, Dorret I Boomsma","doi":"10.1007/s10519-023-10174-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-023-10174-7","url":null,"abstract":"There is a negative association between intelligence and psychopathology. We analyzed data on intelligence and psychopathology to assess this association in seven-year-old Dutch twin pairs (ranging from 616 to 14,150 depending on the phenotype) and estimated the degree to which genetic and environmental factors common to intelligence and psychopathology explain the association. Secondly, we examined whether genetic and environmental effects on psychopathology are moderated by intelligence. We found that intelligence, as assessed by psychometric IQ tests, correlated negatively with childhood psychopathology, as assessed by the DSM-oriented scales of the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL). The correlations ranged between - .09 and - .15 and were mainly explained by common genetic factors. Intelligence moderated genetic and environmental effects on anxiety and negative affect, but not those on ADHD, ODD, and autism. The heritability of anxiety and negative affect was greatest in individuals with below-average intelligence. We discuss mechanisms through which this effect could arise, and we end with some recommendations for future research.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"278-289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11032279/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139728832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Genetically Informed Study of the Association Between Perceived Stress and Loneliness. 关于感知到的压力与孤独之间关系的基因信息研究。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-05-01 Epub Date: 2024-02-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-023-10176-5

Ryan Moshtael, Morgan E Lynch, Glen E Duncan, Christopher R Beam

{"title":"A Genetically Informed Study of the Association Between Perceived Stress and Loneliness.","authors":"Ryan Moshtael, Morgan E Lynch, Glen E Duncan, Christopher R Beam","doi":"10.1007/s10519-023-10176-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-023-10176-5","url":null,"abstract":"Although research shows a strong positive association between perceived stress and loneliness, the genetic and environmental etiology underlying their association remains unknown. People with a genetic predisposition to perceived stress, for example, may be more prone to feeling lonely and vice versa. Conversely, unique factors in people's lives may explain differences in perceived stress levels that, in turn, affect feelings of loneliness. We tested whether genetic factors, environmental factors, or both account for the association between perceived stress and loneliness. Participants were 3,066 individual twins (nFemale = 2,154, 70.3%) from the Washington State Twin Registry who completed a survey during April-May, 2020. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the item-level perceived stress and loneliness measures. The correlation between latent perceived stress and latent loneliness was .68. Genetic and nonshared environmental variance components underlying perceived stress accounted for 3.71% and 23.26% of the total variance in loneliness, respectively. The genetic correlation between loneliness and perceived stress was .45 and did not differ significantly between men and women. The nonshared environmental correlation was .54 and also did not differ between men and women. Findings suggest that holding constant the strong genetic association between perceived stress and loneliness, unique life experiences underlying people's perceived stress account for individual differences in loneliness.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"268-277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11032291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139717332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0