Behavior Genetics最新文献_第4页

Correction: Principal Component Analysis Reduces Collider Bias in Polygenic Score Effect Size Estimation. 更正：主成分分析减少了多基因分数效应大小估计中的对撞机偏差。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-09-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10192-z

Nathaniel S Thomas, Peter Barr, Fazil Aliev, Mallory Stephenson, Sally I-Chun Kuo, Grace Chan, Danielle M Dick, Howard J Edenberg, Victor Hesselbrock, Chella Kamarajan, Samuel Kuperman, Jessica E Salvatore

引用次数: 0

A Bivariate Twin Study of Lifetime cannabis Initiation and Lifetime Regular Tobacco Smoking Across Three Different Countries. 三个不同国家终生开始吸食大麻和终生经常吸烟的双变量双胞胎研究。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10190-1

Stephanie Zellers, Jenny van Dongen, Hermine H M Maes, Miina Ollikainen, Fang Fang, Scott Vrieze, Jaakko Kaprio, Dorret I Boomsma

{"title":"A Bivariate Twin Study of Lifetime cannabis Initiation and Lifetime Regular Tobacco Smoking Across Three Different Countries.","authors":"Stephanie Zellers, Jenny van Dongen, Hermine H M Maes, Miina Ollikainen, Fang Fang, Scott Vrieze, Jaakko Kaprio, Dorret I Boomsma","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10190-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10190-1","url":null,"abstract":"Regular cigarette smoking and cannabis consumption are strongly positively related to each other, yet few studies explore their underlying variation and covariation. We evaluated the genetic and environmental decomposition of variance and covariance of these two traits in twin data from three countries with different social norms and legislation. Data from the Netherlands Twin Register, FinnTwin12/16, and the Minnesota Center for Twin Family Research (total N = 21,617) were analyzed in bivariate threshold models of lifetime regular smoking initiation (RSI) and lifetime cannabis initiation (CI). We ran unstratified models and models stratified by sex and country. Prevalence of RSI was lowest in the Netherlands and prevalence of CI was highest in Minnesota. In the unstratified model, genetic (A) and common environmental factors (C) contributed substantially to the liabilities of RSI (A = 0.47, C = 0.34) and CI (A = 0.28, C = 0.51). The two liabilities were significantly phenotypically (rP = 0.56), genetically (rA = 0.74), and environmentally correlated in the unstratified model (rC = 0.47and rE = 0.48, representing correlations between common and unique environmental factors). The magnitude of phenotypic correlation between liabilities varied by country but not sex (Minnesota rP ~ 0.70, Netherlands rP ~ 0.59, Finland rP ~ 0.45). Comparisons of decomposed correlations could not be reliably tested in the stratified models. The prevalence and association of RSI and CI vary by sex and country. These two behaviors are correlated because there is genetic and environmental overlap between their underlying latent liabilities. There is heterogeneity in the genetic architecture of these traits across country.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"375-385"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371858/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141791729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calculating Within-Pair Difference Scores in the Co-twin Control Design. Effects of Alternative Strategies. 在同卵双胞对照设计中计算对内差分。替代策略的效果。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10196-9

Juan J Madrid-Valero, Brad Verhulst, José A López-López, Juan R Ordoñana

{"title":"Calculating Within-Pair Difference Scores in the Co-twin Control Design. Effects of Alternative Strategies.","authors":"Juan J Madrid-Valero, Brad Verhulst, José A López-López, Juan R Ordoñana","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10196-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10196-9","url":null,"abstract":"Co-twin studies are an elegant and powerful design that allows controlling for the effect of confounding variables, including genetic and a range of environmental factors. There are several approaches to carry out this design. One of the methods commonly used, when contrasting continuous variables, is to calculate difference scores between members of a twin pair on two associated variables, in order to analyse the covariation of such differences. However, information regarding whether and how the different ways of estimating within-pair difference scores may impact the results is scant. This study aimed to compare the results obtained by different methods of data transformation when performing a co-twin study and test how the magnitude of the association changes using each of those approaches. Data was simulated using a direction of causation model and by fixing the effect size of causal path to low, medium, and high values. Within-pair difference scores were calculated as relative scores for diverse within-pair ordering conditions or absolute scores. Pearson's correlations using relative difference scores vary across the established scenarios (how twins were ordered within pairs) and these discrepancies become larger as the within-twin correlation increases. Absolute difference scores tended to produce the lowest correlation in every condition. Our results show that both using absolute difference scores or ordering twins within pairs, may produce an artificial decrease in the magnitude of the studied association, obscuring the ability to detect patterns compatible with causation, which could lead to discrepancies across studies and erroneous conclusions.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"426-435"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11371853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Natural Selection Across Three Generations of Americans. 跨越三代美国人的自然选择。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10189-8

David Hugh-Jones, Tobias Edwards

引用次数: 0

Non-Synonymous Substitutions in Cadherin 13, Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4, and Monoamine Oxidase A Genes are Associated with Personality Traits in Thoroughbred Horses. Cadherin 13、溶质运载家族 6 成员 4 和单胺氧化酶 A 基因的非同义替换与纯血马的性格特征有关。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10186-x

Tamu Yokomori, Teruaki Tozaki, Aoi Ohnuma, Mutsuki Ishimaru, Fumio Sato, Yusuke Hori, Takao Segawa, Takuya Itou

{"title":"Non-Synonymous Substitutions in Cadherin 13, Solute Carrier Family 6 Member 4, and Monoamine Oxidase A Genes are Associated with Personality Traits in Thoroughbred Horses.","authors":"Tamu Yokomori, Teruaki Tozaki, Aoi Ohnuma, Mutsuki Ishimaru, Fumio Sato, Yusuke Hori, Takao Segawa, Takuya Itou","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10186-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10186-x","url":null,"abstract":"Retraining retired racehorses for various purposes can help correct behavioral issues. However, ensuring efficiency and preventing accidents present global challenges. Based on the hypothesis that a simple personality assessment could help address these challenges, the present study aimed to identify genetic markers associated with personality. Eight genes were selected from 18 personality-related candidate genes that are orthologs of human personality genes, and their association with personality was verified based on actual behavior. A total of 169 Thoroughbred horses were assessed for their tractability (questionnaire concerning tractability in 14 types of situations and 3 types of impressions) during the training process. Personality factors were extracted from the data using principal component analysis and analyzed for their association with single nucleotide variants as non-synonymous substitutions in the target genes. Three genes, CDH13, SLC6A4, and MAOA, demonstrated significant associations based on simple linear regression, marking the identification of these genes for the first time as contributors to temperament in Thoroughbred horses. All these genes, as well as the previously identified HTR1A, are involved in the serotonin neurotransmitter system, suggesting that the tractability of horses may be correlated with their social personality. Assessing the genotypes of these genes before retraining is expected to prevent problems in the development of a racehorse's second career and shorten the training period through individual customization of training methods, thereby improving racehorse welfare.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"333-341"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141295436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prospective Effects of Self-Rated Health on Dementia Risk in Two Twin Studies of Aging. 两项双生子老龄化研究中自我健康评价对痴呆症风险的前瞻性影响。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10182-1

Matthew J D Pilgrim, Christopher R Beam, Marianne Nygaard, Deborah Finkel

{"title":"Prospective Effects of Self-Rated Health on Dementia Risk in Two Twin Studies of Aging.","authors":"Matthew J D Pilgrim, Christopher R Beam, Marianne Nygaard, Deborah Finkel","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10182-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10182-1","url":null,"abstract":"Subjective health ratings are associated with dementia risk such that those who rate their health more poorly have increased risk for dementia. The genetic and environmental mechanisms underlying this association are unclear, as prior research cannot rule out whether the association is due to genetic confounds. The current study addresses this gap in two samples of twins, one from Sweden (N = 548) and one from Denmark (N = 4,373). Using genetically-informed, bivariate regression models, we assessed whether additive genetic effects explained the association between subjective health and dementia risk as indexed by a latent variable proxy measure. Age at intake, sex, education, depressive symptomatology, and follow-up time between subjective health and dementia risk assessments were included as covariates. Results indicate that genetic variance and other sources of confounding accounted for the majority of the effect of subjective health ratings on dementia risk. After adjusting for genetic confounding and other covariates, a small correlation was observed between subjective health and latent dementia risk in the Danish sample (rE = - .09, p < .05). The results provide further support for the genetic association between subjective health and dementia risk, and also suggest that subjective ratings of health measures may be useful for predicting dementia risk.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"307-320"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11196327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Note on Modelling Bidirectional Feedback Loops in Mendelian Randomization Studies. 孟德尔随机化研究中的双向反馈回路建模说明。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10183-0

Liang-Dar Hwang, David M Evans

{"title":"A Note on Modelling Bidirectional Feedback Loops in Mendelian Randomization Studies.","authors":"Liang-Dar Hwang, David M Evans","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10183-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10183-0","url":null,"abstract":"Structural equation models (SEMs) involving feedback loops may offer advantages over standard instrumental variables estimators in terms of modelling causal effects in the presence of bidirectional relationships. In the following note, we show that in the case of a single \"exposure\" and \"outcome\" variable, modelling relationships using a SEM with a simple bidirectional linear feedback loop offers no advantage over traditional instrumental variables estimators in terms of consistency (i.e. both approaches yield consistent estimates of the causal effect, provided that causal estimates are obtained in both directions). In the case of finite samples, traditional IV estimators and SEM exhibited similar power across many of the conditions we examined, although which method performed best depended on the residual correlation between variables and the strength of the instruments. In particular, the power of SEM was insensitive to the residual correlation between variables, whereas the power of the Wald estimator/2SLS improved (deteriorated) relative to SEM as the magnitude of the residual correlation increased (decreased) assuming a positive causal effect of the exposure on the outcome. The power of SEM improved relative to the Wald estimator/2SLS as the instruments explained more residual variance in the \"outcome\" variable.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"367-373"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11196367/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141183729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Garden of Forking Paths: Reinterpreting Haseman-Elston Regression for a Genotype-by-Environment Model. 岔路花园：重新诠释基因型-环境模型的 Haseman-Elston 回归。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-18 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10184-z

Guo-Bo Chen

引用次数: 0

Using Alternative Definitions of Controls to Increase Statistical Power in GWAS. 使用对照组的替代定义来提高 GWAS 的统计功率。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10187-w

Sarah E Benstock, Katherine Weaver, John M Hettema, Brad Verhulst

{"title":"Using Alternative Definitions of Controls to Increase Statistical Power in GWAS.","authors":"Sarah E Benstock, Katherine Weaver, John M Hettema, Brad Verhulst","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10187-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10187-w","url":null,"abstract":"Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) are often underpowered due to small effect sizes of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on phenotypes and extreme multiple testing thresholds. The most common approach for increasing statistical power is to increase sample size. We propose an alternative strategy of redefining case-control outcomes into ordinal case-subthreshold-asymptomatic variables. While maintaining the clinical case threshold, we subdivide controls into two groups: individuals who are symptomatic but do not meet the clinical criteria for diagnosis (subthreshold) and individuals who are effectively asymptomatic. We conducted a simulation study to examine the impact of effect size, minor allele frequency, population prevalence, and the prevalence of the subthreshold group on statistical power to detect genetic associations in three scenarios: a standard case-control, an ordinal, and a case-asymptomatic control analysis. Our results suggest the ordinal model consistently provides the greatest statistical power while the case-control model the least. Power in the case-asymptomatic control model reflects the case-control or ordinal model depending on the population prevalence and size of the subthreshold category. We then analyzed a major depression phenotype from the UK Biobank to corroborate our simulation results. Overall, the ordinal model improves statistical power in GWAS consistent with increasing the sample size by approximately 10%.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"353-366"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11661655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141309932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Attachment and Political Personality are Heritable and Distinct Systems, and Both Share Genetics with Interpersonal Trust and Altruism. 依恋和政治人格是可遗传的独特系统，二者与人际信任和利他主义共享遗传学。

IF 2.6 4区医学

Behavior Genetics Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-024-10185-y

Thomas Haarklau Kleppesto, Nikolai Olavi Czajkowski, Olav Vassend, Espen Roysamb, Nikolai Haahjem Eftedal, Jennifer Sheehy-Skeffington, Eivind Ystrom, Jonas R Kunst, Line C Gjerde, Lotte Thomsen

{"title":"Attachment and Political Personality are Heritable and Distinct Systems, and Both Share Genetics with Interpersonal Trust and Altruism.","authors":"Thomas Haarklau Kleppesto, Nikolai Olavi Czajkowski, Olav Vassend, Espen Roysamb, Nikolai Haahjem Eftedal, Jennifer Sheehy-Skeffington, Eivind Ystrom, Jonas R Kunst, Line C Gjerde, Lotte Thomsen","doi":"10.1007/s10519-024-10185-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10519-024-10185-y","url":null,"abstract":"The attachment and caregiving domains maintain proximity and care-giving behavior between parents and offspring, in a way that has been argued to shape people's mental models of how relationships work, resulting in secure, anxious or avoidant interpersonal styles in adulthood. Several theorists have suggested that the attachment system is closely connected to orientations and behaviors in social and political domains, which should be grounded in the same set of familial experiences as are the different attachment styles. We use a sample of Norwegian twins (N = 1987) to assess the genetic and environmental relationship between attachment, trust, altruism, right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), and social dominance orientation (SDO). Results indicate no shared environmental overlap between attachment and ideology, nor even between the attachment styles or between the ideological traits, challenging conventional wisdom in developmental, social, and political psychology. Rather, evidence supports two functionally distinct systems, one for navigating intimate relationships (attachment) and one for navigating social hierarchies (RWA/SDO), with genetic overlap between traits within each system, and two distinct genetic linkages to trust and altruism. This is counter-posed to theoretical perspectives that link attachment, ideology, and interpersonal orientations through early relational experiences.","PeriodicalId":8715,"journal":{"name":"Behavior Genetics","volume":" ","pages":"321-332"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11196312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141173760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0