Atmospheric Research最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of different El Niño events on winter snowfall over the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Lihong Wei ,&nbsp;Qinglong You ,&nbsp;Zhiyan Zuo ,&nbsp;Ruonan Zhang ,&nbsp;Shichang Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and snowfall over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are key factors influencing interannual climate variability, and the relationship between ENSO and TP snowfall exhibits interdecadal variability. However, the types of El Niño events have undergone changes around 2000s, and it remains unclear whether these changes in El Niño event types influence the relationship with snowfall. In this study, we examine the relationship between El Niño events and winter snowfall over the TP using HadISST, and ERA5 reanalysis datasets as well as numerical experiments. Our results show the eastern Pacific El Niño (EPE) events are typically linked to positive winter snowfall anomalies over the TP, while the mixed-type El Niño (MPE) events are associated with negative anomalies, whereas the response of winter snowfall during the central Pacific El Niño (CPE) events exhibits considerable uncertainty. EPE events are associated with an anomalous deepening of the East Asian winter trough, while MPE events typically induce an anomalous atmospheric circulation wave pattern from the North Pacific to the TP, thereby altering the winter temperature structure and winter snowfall over the TP. This study highlights the impact of EPE and MPE events on TP snowfall and provides insights into the underlying atmospheric processes, offering a foundation for future research on their broader climatic implications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108156"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143839370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding optimal Noah-MP parameterizations for the characterization of surface heat fluxes in the Iberian Peninsula","authors":"David Donaire-Montaño ,&nbsp;Matilde García-Valdecasas Ojeda ,&nbsp;Nicolás Tacoronte ,&nbsp;Juan José Rosa-Cánovas ,&nbsp;Yolanda Castro-Díez ,&nbsp;María Jesús Esteban-Parra ,&nbsp;Sonia Raquel Gámiz-Fortis","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Land surface models (LSMs) play a crucial role in the characterization of land-atmosphere interactions by providing boundary conditions to a regional climate model (RCM). This is particularly true over the Iberian Peninsula (IP), a region where a water-limited regime governs most of the territory. This work aims to optimize the Noah LSM with multiparameterization options (Noah-MP) configuration for characterizing heat fluxes in the IP when the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model v3.9.1 is used as RCM. To do that, a set of 70 experiments with a 1-year length has been completed using 35 combinations of Noah-MP parameterizations, both for a year with dry conditions in the IP (2005 year) and for a year with wet conditions (2010 year). Land surface heat fluxes and soil moisture simulated with Noah-MP coupled to WRF (WRF/Noah-MP) have been evaluated using as reference the available FLUXNET station data and CERRA-Land reanalysis data. In general, the results indicate that WRF/Noah-MP accurately simulates soil moisture and surface heat fluxes over the IP, especially for wetter climate conditions. The clustering method has presented an optimal configuration from 10 groups (Clusters from A to J), which showed that the WRF/Noah-MP parameterizations with the greatest influence on the simulation of surface heat fluxes over the IP are canopy stomatal resistance (CRS), surface exchange coefficient for heat (SFC), soil moisture factor controlling stomatal resistance (BTR), runoff and groundwater (RUN), and surface resistance to evaporation/sublimation (RSF). In addition, dynamic vegetation (DVEG) seems to influence simulations. Although several clusters/configurations showed reasonable results, experiment s27I in Cluster I with Jarvis CRS, Chen97 SFC, CLM-Type BTR, BATS RUN, and Adjusted Sellers to decrease RSURF for wet soil for RSF seem to be more adequate to simulate surface heat fluxes in the IP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"323 ","pages":"Article 108143"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical and particulate properties of dust aerosols in El Paso, Texas","authors":"German Rodriguez Ortiz ,&nbsp;Manisha Mehra ,&nbsp;Mackenzie Ramirez ,&nbsp;Sujan Shrestha ,&nbsp;Sascha Usenko ,&nbsp;James Flynn ,&nbsp;Rebecca J. Sheesley ,&nbsp;Thomas E. Gill","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We characterized optical properties (absorption, scattering, and backscattering coefficients, Ångström exponents, single scattering albedo) of aerosols during dust events at an urban site in El Paso, Texas using in-situ, real-time measurements. Simultaneous measurements of particulate matter (PM₁₀, PM_2.5) and wind data from an adjacent Texas Commission on Environmental Quality Continuous Ambient Monitoring Station are used in this study. Data from both sites was obtained at 5-min resolution. Twenty-seven dust events (15 synoptic, 12 mesoscale) occurred during 24 days from April–June 2021. HYSPLIT and STILT back-trajectories indicated many dust events (∼46 %) originated from the west-southwest (favoring transport across dust source areas in the Chihuahuan Desert). Mean absorption Ångström exponent values of El Paso dust (1.19 and 1.15 for synoptic and mesoscale events) were lower than published values for “pure” dust at other locations (generally accepted as greater than 2). Single scattering albedo values averaged 0.94 during synoptic and mesoscale dust events, confirming the scattering nature of mineral dust in the region. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 concentrations averaged 191 and 41 μg/m³ during dust event periods versus 28 and 8.7 μg/m³ during non-event (background) periods. Absorption / scattering Ångström exponent ratios of dust event aerosols were representative of large particles-black carbon mixture rather than a “pure” dust, suggesting mixing with urban aerosols, while many observations during non-event periods fall into the large particles-black carbon mixture and large particles-low absorption categories, suggesting that dust is a constant key component of the aerosols in El Paso. The 5-min time resolution revealed the evolution of complex aerosol events (e.g., brown carbon followed by dust, multiple dust events within one day, fireworks, advection of low-absorption gypsum dust from White Sands. New Mexico), emphasizing the importance of detecting and quantifying high intensity, short-duration events “lost” in 24-h or hourly air quality data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining machine learning to explore the influence of VOCs and meteorological factors on ozone concentration: A case study of a chemical park in Shenyang, China","authors":"Qi Jiang ,&nbsp;Nan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenling Jin ,&nbsp;Xuebin Sun ,&nbsp;Jiayin Wang ,&nbsp;Ru Li","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ozone (<span><math><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span>) pollution is a pervasive air quality issue, with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) significantly contributing to <span><math><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span> formation. Utilizing continuous online monitoring data from a chemical park in Shenyang in 2019, we analyzed variations in VOCs, conventional pollutants, and meteorological conditions, preliminarily determining their apparent effects on <span><math><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span>. Results indicated an “M”-shaped monthly average ozone variation, with peaks in summer and troughs in winter, influenced by photochemical reactions and meteorological factors. The daily mean concentrations of alkanes, alkynes, and aromatic hydrocarbons in VOCs displayed clear periodicity, with peaks occurring at 5:00–7:00 and 19:00–20:00, and troughs at 14:00–15:00. The monthly mean concentrations exhibited seasonal trends, with higher levels in fall and winter, and lower levels in spring and summer, demonstrating a pattern opposite to that of <span><math><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span>. Using machine learning techniques, we modeled the relationship between key factors and <span><math><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span> concentration. The results revealed that the optimized Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) model achieved the highest correlation coefficient and demonstrated the best performance. Using the feature importance method, we identified the key factors most strongly associated with <span><math><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span> concentration. The optimized model was then employed to examine the variation in <span><math><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></span> concentration across different temperature and humidity conditions. This study provides essential insights for developing effective pollution control strategies and guiding environmental management decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108113"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of ozone pollution events in Sichuan Basin under the alternating effects of continental high pressure and subtropical high pressure circulation","authors":"Chuanyang Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoling Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingyi Wang ,&nbsp;Jie Pan ,&nbsp;Jinhui Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Sichuan Basin (SCB), located in Southwest China, often has serious ozone (O₃) pollution due to its special topography, complex meteorological conditions and emissions. The frequent occurrence of extreme high temperature has recently aggravated the biogenic O₃ precursors emission and the O₃ pollution in the SCB. To quantify the O₃ pollution caused by high temperature, the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) was used to study the formation mechanism and transport process of the O₃ pollution event in the SCB in July 2022, after updating emission information with TROPOMI satellite data and MEGAN model initial data. The results show that during the pollution period, the SCB was affected by the alternating effects of the circulation changes caused by the eastward movement of the northern continental high pressure and the westward movement of the western Pacific subtropical high pressure. The continuous control of the high pressure formed extremely high temperature, which led to the accelerated generation of O₃ in the SCB. The southeastern continental high pressure and the northwestern subtropical high pressure converged in the SCB, forming a “zigzag”-shaped circulation, which prevented O₃ from being transported out of the SCB. The results of integrated process rate analysis (IPR) show that the negative contribution of horizontal advection accelerates the O₃ output from the cities in the middle of the SCB to the surrounding cities, resulting in the rapid spread of pollution over the SCB, the O₃ accumulation in the high altitude of the basin, and the positive contribution of chemical generation in the south of the SCB.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108121"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of TPMFD and CRA/Land precipitation data performance compared to IMERG V07 on the Tibetan Plateau using non-CMA stations","authors":"Liming Gao ,&nbsp;Ji Chen ,&nbsp;Yaonan Zhang ,&nbsp;Lele Zhang ,&nbsp;Xufeng Mao","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Obtaining accurate grid precipitation data on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) has always been a challenge. Previous studies have shown that reanalysis data or corrected remote sensing precipitation products are important means of obtaining regional precipitation. Extensive evaluation studies have been conducted on the performance of these products on the TP based on observational data from the China Meteorological Administration (CMA). However, these gridded precipitation products incorporate a significant amount of CMA observational data during their production process, which undermines the objectivity of evaluation results when using the same data. In this study, 47 stations outside the CMA network were selected to evaluate the performance of two newly developed reanalysis precipitation datasets, the meteorological forcing dataset for the Third Pole region (TPMFD) and the CMA global land surface reanalysis product (CRA/Land), on the TP. Their performance was also compared with that of the IMERG Final Run V07, which has been corrected with rain gauge data. The results obtained showed that: (1) The spatial patterns of annual precipitation on the TP revealed by CRA/Land and GPM IMERG were consistent during 2001–2020. However, the TPMFD recorded higher annual precipitation, resulting in a spatial pattern that differed from both CRA/Land and IMERG. All three gridded precipitation products indicate an increasing trend in precipitation on the TP during the 2001–2020. (2) The evaluation results indicate that at the annual scale and cold season, TPMFD overestimates precipitation, while IMERG underestimates precipitation, with the CRA/Land precipitation data showing the highest accuracy. During the warm season, TPMFD also overestimated precipitation, while the accuracy of CRA/Land and IMERG is comparable. Overall, among these three datasets, the CRA/Land precipitation data demonstrates the highest accuracy on the TP. (3) TPMFD incorporates a substantial amount of observational data and applies a daily-scale correction scheme to address the precipitation observation errors. However, previous evaluation results have shown that the precipitation corrected by this scheme tend to be higher than the “true values”, which is a possible reason for the overestimation of precipitation by the TPMFD on the TP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108123"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connecting meteorological and hydrological drought in the Baltic Region","authors":"Diana Meilutytė-Lukauskienė ,&nbsp;Alireza Sharifi ,&nbsp;Serhii Nazarenko ,&nbsp;Vytautas Akstinas ,&nbsp;Ali Torabi Haghighi ,&nbsp;Yaroslav Kobets ,&nbsp;Ilga Kokorīte ,&nbsp;Aldona Jurgelėnaitė ,&nbsp;Hossein Hashemi ,&nbsp;Saman Shahnazi","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108138","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108138","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought, a widely recognised and far-reaching natural hazard, has a profound impact on the global economy and the environment. This complex phenomenon, characterised by its severity, duration and spatial extent, is central to understanding its multifaceted impacts. Drought indices are an important tool for characterising and monitoring drought conditions. They provide a simplified way to understand the myriad climate factors that play a role. They also provide quantifiable measures for assessing the severity, duration and frequency of climate anomalies. In the Baltic Region, the relationships between meteorological (using the Standardised Precipitation Index (SPI) and the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI)) and hydrological drought (using the Streamflow Drought Index (SDI)) were analysed and the possibility of using the RDI instead of the SPI was investigated. For each index, accumulation periods of 6, 9 and 12 months were used, analysing data from the period 1961–2020. Our study attempts to investigate the relationships between the SPI, RDI and SDI indices using data from specific hydrometeorological stations across the Baltic Region, highlighting differences between four delineated sub-regions. For most accumulation periods in the northern sub-regions, SDI showed a better relationship to SPI than RDI. However, in the southwestern sub-region for late summer and early autumn and in the southeastern sub-region for long accumulation periods, RDI showed a better relationship with SDI. This pattern reveals the limitation of the RDI index in cold climate zones and its threshold could be defined as the northern boundary of the southern sub-regions. The study shows that the drought indices in the Baltic Region serve as valuable tools to characterise drought conditions and facilitate the assessment of the spatial and temporal characteristics and severity of drought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108138"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of charge structure in a thunderstorm over South China","authors":"Siying Huang ,&nbsp;Dong Zheng ,&nbsp;Yijun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Chong Wu ,&nbsp;Wen Yao ,&nbsp;Wenjuan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>South China is one of the most active regions for thunderstorms in China, yet, research on the charge structure of thunderstorms in this area remains limited. This study utilized lightning data from the Guangdong Lightning Mapping Array and radar observations to examine the charge structure of a thunderstorm that occurred in South China on June 16, 2021. The thunderstorm's charge structure underwent transitions from a dipole in the early stage, a tripole during its mature stage, and back to a dipole in the dissipation period. The heights of the two charge regions in the initial dipolar charge structure increased rapidly. Throughout the storm, the lower positive charge region in the tripolar charge structure was involved in 11.8% of the total 1075 recorded flashes. The average distances between the high-density charge cores of the three charge regions were 2.8 km and 2.6 km from top to bottom. As the storm entered its dissipation stage, the upper positive charge region descended significantly more slowly than the larger particles, as indicated by the continuous decrease in radar reflectivity in this region. The dominant hydrometeors in the upper positive, middle negative, and lower positive charge regions were dry aggregated snow, graupel, and larger-size graupel, respectively, occupying approximately 81%, 67%, and 70% of the total volume in each region. Over the course of the three stages—when the lower positive charge region was initially uninvolved in discharges, became involved, and then ceased participation—the primary microphysical processes in the precipitation beneath the convective core were collisional breakup, size sorting, and collision-coalescence, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108142"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of reanalysis 3-D aerosol products against CALIPSO measurements over the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"Min Zhang,&nbsp;Hongru Yan,&nbsp;Yunfei Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aerosols have a profound impact on the hydrological cycle, energy equilibrium, and ecological stability of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (TP) region. Reanalysis datasets provide comprehensive aerosol information for this area regardless of weather conditions, yet their accuracy and applicability remain to be verified. The aerosol types, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and three-dimensional spatial distribution of dust aerosol from MERRA-2 (Modern Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2) and CAMS (Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service) aerosol reanalysis dataset are compared with the data from the CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) spaceborne lidar during the period spanning 2007 to 2011 across the TP. Both MERRA-2 and CAMS can accurately characterize the predominant aerosol type in the TP as dust. MERRA-2 demonstrated a superior capability in capturing individual aerosol occurrence event. Concerning dust AOD (DAOD), the correlation coefficient between monthly averaged DAOD of MERRA-2 (CAMS) and CALIPSO is 0.78 (0.90), with absolute deviations of 0.06 (0.05). Both MERRA-2 and CAMS can follow the annual variability with the peaks in spring and the troughs in winter. Spatially, MERRA-2 overestimated DAOD by 0.26 in the northwestern TP and the southern Indo-Gangetic Plain, while underestimated by −0.05 in the remaining regions. On the other hand, CAMS overestimated DAOD by 0.17 in the Taklimakan Desert, the Qaidam Basin in the northern TP, and the Thar Desert in southwestern TP, but underestimated by −0.10 elsewhere across the TP. Vertically, the annual averaged dust extinction coefficient decreased with increasing altitude among the CALIPSO, MERRA-2 and CAMS datasets. The dust extinction coefficient displayed a seasonal variation with higher values in spring and summer and lower values in autumn and winter. Compared with CALIPSO data, both MERRA-2 and CAMS tend to underestimate dust mass concentration near the surface layer, with CAMS exhibiting more pronounced underestimation, particularly in spring and summer. In the context of the dust emission over the TP, MERRA-2 demonstrates superior performance compared to CAMS in the Taklimakan and the Thar Desert, while CAMS exhibits a greater efficacy than MERRA-2 in anthropogenic aerosol emission sources such as the Indus Gangetic Plain. Furthermore, regarding atmospheric circulation and aerosol transport, the vertical distribution of dust in MERRA-2 aligns more closely with actual observations obtained from CALIPSO.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decadal variation of late summer extreme temperatures in Eastern China and the influence from the North Atlantic","authors":"Sirui Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Fan ,&nbsp;Botao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosres.2025.108134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The late summer (July and August) extreme high-temperature days (EHTDs) in Eastern China (24°–32°N, 115°–123°E) exhibit a significant increase around 1999/2000. Further investigation indicates that this shift aligns with the transition of the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) from a cold phase to a warm phase in the late 1990s. Before 1999, the relationship between the AMV and EHTDs is relatively weak and not significant. However, after 1999, this connection strengthens: During 2000–2022, warm sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the North Atlantic could induce an anomalous atmospheric wave train that propagates across the mid-latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, resulting in a quasi-barotropic anticyclone and subsidence anomalies over Eastern China. This, in turn, leads to reduced cloud cover, allowing more downward net short-wave radiation (SWR) to reach the surface, warming Eastern China. Simultaneously, enhanced net long-wave radiation (LWR) and net sensible heat flux (SHF) further heat the overlying atmosphere. These processes trigger multiple years of increased EHTDs, raise the overall EHTDs average during the period, and lead to their decadal increase. The Community Earth System Model (CESM) Atlantic pacemaker experiments confirm that the warm North Atlantic forces anomalous high-pressure and anticyclonic circulation over Eastern China. Additionally, a case study from 2022 further supports the critical role of North Atlantic SSTA in driving the variation of EHTDs in Eastern China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8600,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Research","volume":"322 ","pages":"Article 108134"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}