Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology最新文献_第9页

Axial elongation in nonpathologic high myopia: Ocular structural changes and glaucoma diagnostic challenges 非病理性高度近视的眼轴伸长：眼部结构改变和青光眼诊断挑战。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100123

Kangjie Kong , Xiaoyi Liu , Zige Fang , Jingwen Jiang , Jiaxuan Jiang , Deming Wang , Zefeng Yang , Fengqi Zhou , Evan M. Chen , Jill Liang , Yunhe Song , Fengbin Lin , Kyoko Ohno-Matsui , Jost B. Jonas , Ying Han , Fei Li , Xiulan Zhang , for the Glaucoma Suspects with High Myopia Study Group

{"title":"Axial elongation in nonpathologic high myopia: Ocular structural changes and glaucoma diagnostic challenges","authors":"Kangjie Kong , Xiaoyi Liu , Zige Fang , Jingwen Jiang , Jiaxuan Jiang , Deming Wang , Zefeng Yang , Fengqi Zhou , Evan M. Chen , Jill Liang , Yunhe Song , Fengbin Lin , Kyoko Ohno-Matsui , Jost B. Jonas , Ying Han , Fei Li , Xiulan Zhang , for the Glaucoma Suspects with High Myopia Study Group","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Axial elongation continues in highly myopic adult eyes, even in the absence of pathologic changes such as posterior staphyloma or chorioretinal atrophy. This ongoing axial elongation leads to structural changes in the macular and peripapillary regions, including chorioretinal thinning, reduced vascular perfusion and optic disc tilting and rotation, among others. These alterations can affect the acquisition and interpretation of optical coherence tomography, optical coherence tomography angiography and fundus photographs, potentially introducing artifacts and diminishing the accuracy of glaucoma diagnosis in highly myopic eyes. In this review, we compared the progression patterns of axial elongation across populations with varying demographic characteristics, genetic and environmental backgrounds and ocular features. We also discussed the implications of axial elongation–induced ocular structural changes for diagnosing glaucoma in nonpathologic high myopia. Finally, we highlighted the prospects for enhancing the diagnostic efficacy of glaucoma in nonpathologic highly myopic populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 6","pages":"Article 100123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142823631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Associations of optic nerve head morphology and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness with myopic severity and treatment in children 儿童视神经头形态和毛周视网膜神经纤维层厚度与近视严重程度和治疗的关系

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100112

Bryan Sim , Rachel S. Chong , Hla Myint Htoon , Maithily Balakrishnan , Noel A. Brennan , Audrey Chia

{"title":"Associations of optic nerve head morphology and peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer thickness with myopic severity and treatment in children","authors":"Bryan Sim , Rachel S. Chong , Hla Myint Htoon , Maithily Balakrishnan , Noel A. Brennan , Audrey Chia","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal associations between myopic optic disc features and optical coherence tomography (OCT) measurements of peripapillary retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness in young myopic children in Singapore.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A prospective, single-site cohort study was conducted, involving children aged 7–16 years who participated in the PROM-Kids clinical cohort study from 2019 to 2022. Participants underwent annual assessments, including cycloplegic refraction, axial length measurements, fundus photography, and OCT imaging, with ocular magnification correction. Children were classified into low (LM, 0 to −3D), moderate (MM, −3.01 to −6D), and high (HM, > −6D) myopia, with or without treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Data from 1000 children (right eye) were analyzed, including 521 with 2-year follow-up. At baseline, the mean age was 10.2 ± 1.6 years, with 46.4 % male and 90.7 % ethnic Chinese. HM children were older and exhibited greater optic disc tilt (ODT, 92 % vs. 80 %) and more peripapillary atrophy (PPA, 94 % vs. 73 %) compared to LM children. RNFL thickness decreased in the superior, inferior, and nasal quadrants but increased in the temporal quadrant with higher myopia. In the follow-up cohort, myopia progression was associated with thicker temporal quadrant and average RNFL, particularly in younger children. Prior treatment with myopia-control lenses was also associated with increased RNFL thickness in the superior quadrant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Optic disc changes occur early in life, even in low myopia. Increasing myopia is linked to varying RNFL thickness across quadrants and may be influenced by age and myopia treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 6","pages":"Article 100112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bilateral Coats’ disease in a 5-year-old boy 1例5岁男童双侧科茨病。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100119

Meng-Chen Chiang , Shawn H. Tsai , Nan-Kai Wang , Yung-Jen Lai

引用次数: 0

Ophthalmology training trends: Insights from an anonymised survey of Australian ophthalmology trainees 眼科培训趋势：来自澳大利亚眼科学员匿名调查的见解。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100120

William B. Yates, Adrian T. Fung, Clare Fraser, Robert Griffits, Anne Lee, Peter J. McCluskey

引用次数: 0

Challenges in myopia management and prevention: A call to action 近视管理和预防面临的挑战：行动呼吁。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100111

Enne Hiu Ying Leung, Sun Li, Lizhen Chen, Dennis Shun Chiu Lam

引用次数: 0

Is there an impending epidemic of myopia in Southeast Asia? An appraisal of the evidence 东南亚近视流行在即吗？证据的评估。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100113

Ian George Morgan

{"title":"Is there an impending epidemic of myopia in Southeast Asia? An appraisal of the evidence","authors":"Ian George Morgan","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Predictions on the future prevalence of myopia suggest one of the Global Burden of Disease regions will develop an epidemic like in East Asia and Singapore in Southeast Asia. This paper analyses the available evidence on prevalence of myopia in this region, concluding that the bulk of the evidence suggests that the prevalence of myopia at the end of schooling is still modest, although two papers suggest that in young adults in Thailand and Indonesia, the prevalence of myopia may be approaching levels typical of the epidemic of myopia. It also analyses an indicator of expected years of education at school entry, as well as current educational levels of adults, using data from the calculation of the UN Human Development Index. It then analyses the results obtained by the countries of the Southeast Asian region in the PISA international surveys of student achievement. Neither of these educational indicators suggests an impending epidemic of myopia. There is a need for more data to clarify this uncertainty. It is suggested that future collection of data concentrate on determining the prevalence of myopia in young adults finishing their schooling. Even methodology as simple as determining levels of lowered visual acuity in senior school students should be sufficient to resolve the uncertainty. This group provides a sound basis for the prediction of future levels of myopia in the adult population, and avoids the impact of the high levels of myopia and high myopia associated with cataract development that occur in much of Southeast Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 6","pages":"Article 100113"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142779156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in anterior ocular biometric characteristics among 6-year-old children with different myopic shift rates: A 2-year longitudinal study 不同近视移位率的6岁儿童前眼生物特征的差异：一项2年的纵向研究。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100116

Yu Zhao , Yuhao Ye , Jingbin Geng , Jiayi Zhang , Zhe Zhang , Yiyong Xian , Yangyi Huang , Fang Liu , Ye Xu , Xingtao Zhou

{"title":"Differences in anterior ocular biometric characteristics among 6-year-old children with different myopic shift rates: A 2-year longitudinal study","authors":"Yu Zhao , Yuhao Ye , Jingbin Geng , Jiayi Zhang , Zhe Zhang , Yiyong Xian , Yangyi Huang , Fang Liu , Ye Xu , Xingtao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To investigate longitudinal changes in anterior ocular features during slow and fast myopic shift in 6-year-old children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In total, 242 eyes of first-year primary school children in Shanghai, China, were included in this study. All children underwent an initial examination and were subsequently followed-up for two years. All participants underwent comprehensive examinations, including ocular biometric assessment and cycloplegic autorefraction. Children were divided into two groups based on the degree of myopic shift in 2 years: group A (slow myopic shift, < 1.0 D, N = 145) and group B (fast myopic shift, > 1.0 D, N = 88). Detailed anterior ocular biometric data were compared between the two groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In both groups, the axial length and anterior chamber depth (ACD) increased significantly over the follow-up period (<em>P</em> < 0.001). Anterior corneal surface curvature showed a flattening trend in both flat and steep meridians in group A, while these parameters exhibited steepening changes in group B. Lens thickness (LT) decreased significantly from 3.60 ± 0.20 mm to 3.45 ± 0.17 mm in group B (<em>P</em> < 0.001), but not in group A (<em>P</em> = 0.387). The average lens tilt significantly decreased from 5.21 ± 1.26° to 4.95 ± 1.23° in group A (P = 0.043), but it exhibited no significant change in group B (<em>P</em> = 0.181). Furthermore, LT and ACD were significantly correlated with spherical equivalent changes (<em>P</em> < 0.01).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Children with slow and fast myopic shift demonstrated comparable ACD deepening changes but showed distinct variations in corneal curvature and lens characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 6","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142816823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Safety of repeated low-level red-light therapy for myopia: A systematic review 重复低强度红光疗法治疗近视的安全性：系统回顾。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100124

Yanping Chen , Ruilin Xiong , Shaopeng Yang , Ziyu Zhu , Huangdong Li , Kaidi Xiang , Nathan Congdon , Wei Wang , Mingguang He

{"title":"Safety of repeated low-level red-light therapy for myopia: A systematic review","authors":"Yanping Chen , Ruilin Xiong , Shaopeng Yang , Ziyu Zhu , Huangdong Li , Kaidi Xiang , Nathan Congdon , Wei Wang , Mingguang He","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100124","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100124","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Establishing the safety profile of repeated low-level red-light (RLRL) therapy is necessary prior to its widespread clinical implementation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, CRD42024516676) of articles across seven databases from inception through February 10, 2024, with keywords related to myopia and RLRL therapy. Pooled safety outcomes and risk-to-benefit ratios were reported, and incidence of side effects was compared with other antimyopia interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 689 screened articles, 20 studies (2.90 %; median duration 9 months, longest 24 months) were analysed, encompassing 2380 participants aged 3–18 years and 1436 individuals undergoing RLRL therapy. Two case reports described an identical patient with reversible decline in visual acuity and optical coherence tomography (OCT) abnormalities, completely resolved 4 months after treatment cessation. No cases of permanent vision loss were reported. Temporary afterimage was the most common ocular symptom following treatment, resolving within 6 minutes in reported studies. The number needed to harm outweighed the number needed to treat by a ratio of 12.7–21.4 for a person with –3D to –8D myopia treated with RLRL therapy. Incidence of side effects from RLRL was 0.088 per 100 patient-years (95 % confidence interval, 0.02–0.50).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>No irreversible visual function loss or ocular structural damage was identified with RLRL. Fundus photography and OCT before and during therapy, alongside home monitoring of visual acuity and duration of afterimages, are necessary to identify side effects. Further adequately powered studies of longer duration are needed to evaluate long-term safety of RLRL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 6","pages":"Article 100124"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142821855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of school entrance age on myopia among primary schoolchildren using mixed-effect model: The Shantou Myopia Study (SMS) 入学年龄对小学生近视的影响——基于混合效应模型的汕头近视研究

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100121

Hongxi Wang , Linrong Wu , Yuancun Li , Xin Tan , Jianwei Lin , Kunliang Qiu , Yali Du , Shengjie Yin , Binyao Chen , Jiao Jiang , Hailiu Chen , Mingzhi Zhang

{"title":"Effect of school entrance age on myopia among primary schoolchildren using mixed-effect model: The Shantou Myopia Study (SMS)","authors":"Hongxi Wang , Linrong Wu , Yuancun Li , Xin Tan , Jianwei Lin , Kunliang Qiu , Yali Du , Shengjie Yin , Binyao Chen , Jiao Jiang , Hailiu Chen , Mingzhi Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To investigate the association between children's school entrance age and refractive status and prevalence of myopia in southern China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Population-based Cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to June 2021 in Shantou, southern China, enrolling primary schoolchildren in the city. The school entrance age was calculated as the months from the birth date to the entrance date, divided by 12. Non-cycloplegic refraction and uncorrected visual acuity test were conducted. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent refraction (SER) < -0.50D with an uncorrected distant visual acuity < Snellen 20/20. We explored the association between the SER and the school entrance age, with the clustering effect within schools adjusted by the linear mixed-model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We enrolled 410,080 primary schoolchildren, with a mean age of 9.8 ± 1.6 years. The overall prevalence of myopia was 42.04 %. The mean SER of myopic children was − 2.15 ± 1.70 D. The mixed-effects model revealed a significant correlation between the school entrance age and the SER and the prevalence of myopia. One year later for school entrance age would independently result in a less myopic SER of 0.352 D, and significantly decrease the prevalence of myopia. Children born before September 1st had significantly more myopic SER than those born after September 1st.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Early school entrance, rather than age or prolonged exposure to schooling, was an independent risk factor for myopia. It is important to put forward some scientific and effective measures, preventing children from early exposure to task-heavy school life and near work.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 6","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142791013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The concept of cone opponency may extend beyond accommodation, to myopiagenesis and emmetropization, for a better peripheral defocus lens 视锥对立的概念可以从调节延伸到近视形成和正视化，以获得更好的外周离焦透镜。

IF 3.7 3区医学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100125

Edward S.F. Liu , Mary Kim Elizabeth Tan Cudia , Graham K.Y. Wong , Chung-Nga Ko , Dennis S.C. Lam

{"title":"The concept of cone opponency may extend beyond accommodation, to myopiagenesis and emmetropization, for a better peripheral defocus lens","authors":"Edward S.F. Liu , Mary Kim Elizabeth Tan Cudia , Graham K.Y. Wong , Chung-Nga Ko , Dennis S.C. Lam","doi":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100125","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apjo.2024.100125","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myopia has ever-rising prevalence in the past few decades globally. Its pathogenesis is still not adequately elucidated especially at the signal transduction level. For the environmental risk factors, there is a large body of fragmented knowledge about the visual inputs for accommodation, myopiagenesis and emmetropization, with the latter two being essentially local processes. The red-green and yellow-blue chromatic pathways, together with the underlying L–M and S–(L+M) cone opponency, seem to be the common denominator amongst them. In this review, experimental and observational evidence are summarized to delineate the interplay of them. This review may establish the pivotal role of longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) for a mechanistic approach to future research in myopia control. This review looks into the mechanistic processes underlying myopiagenesis and emmetropization, specifically focusing on chromatic aberration and cone opponency in vision as pivotal components. The roles of longitudinal chromatic aberration (LCA) and cone contrast in myopia onset and development are intriguing. How visual input and chromatic pathways (specifically, red-green and blue-yellow cone opponency) contribute to accommodation that may trigger emmetropization mechanisms, thereby influencing eye growth patterns are explored and discussed. In brief, this manuscript delves into the physiology of visual processing and highlights a foundational aspect of visual science that may account for a “Go” or “Stop” signaling in axial eye growth. It further proposes a metric to gauge myopia-inhibiting optical devices such as the peripheral defocus lenses, for its best iteration. Future research in the above-mentioned areas is warranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8594,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology","volume":"13 6","pages":"Article 100125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142812099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0