Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences最新文献_第7页

Variability of the South Java Current from 1993 to 2021, and its relationship to ENSO and IOD events 1993 年至 2021 年南爪哇洋流的变化及其与厄尔尼诺/南方涛动和国际大洋环流事件的关系

IF 2.2 4区地球科学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1007/s13143-023-00336-2

Yusuf Jati Wijaya, Ulung Jantama Wisha, Hasti Amrih Rejeki, Dwi Haryo Ismunarti

{"title":"Variability of the South Java Current from 1993 to 2021, and its relationship to ENSO and IOD events","authors":"Yusuf Jati Wijaya, Ulung Jantama Wisha, Hasti Amrih Rejeki, Dwi Haryo Ismunarti","doi":"10.1007/s13143-023-00336-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-023-00336-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The variability of the South Java Current (SJC) was observed by using reanalysis data spanning the years 1993 to 2021. This was done in order to determine whether or not the SJC was more influenced by the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), or a combination of the two. Employing empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analyses, we were able to determine that the time series of the principal component in the first mode (PC1) had an association with one of these occurrences. During the northwest monsoon in December, January, and February (DJF), it would appear that the IOD has a greater impact on the SJC than ENSO does, with a correlation of more than 0.8. During the first transition, which occurs in March, April, and May (MAM), the time series PC1 demonstrates that the SJC has a greater association with the ENSO (coefficient correlation more than 0.7). The study demonstrates that the PC1 has a negative association with both the IOD and the ENSO during the months of JJA, with a coefficient value less than 0.4. The JJA's SJC, however, is positively influenced by the coastal Kelvin wave in the vicinity of western Sumatra and southern Java. Moreover, the magnitude of the SJC, which was observed in DJF months, is affected by the Rossby wave that is moving in a westward direction south of 9˚S.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":"65 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135895617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unravelling the Linkages between the Intraseasonal Variability of the West Pacific Subtropical High and Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall 揭示西太平洋副热带高压季内变化与印度夏季季风降雨之间的联系

IF 2.2 4区地球科学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1007/s13143-023-00335-3

Roja Chaluvadi, Hamza Varikoden, Milind Mujumdar, S. T. Ingle

{"title":"Unravelling the Linkages between the Intraseasonal Variability of the West Pacific Subtropical High and Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall","authors":"Roja Chaluvadi, Hamza Varikoden, Milind Mujumdar, S. T. Ingle","doi":"10.1007/s13143-023-00335-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-023-00335-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present study explores the intraseasonal variability of the west Pacific subtropical high (WPSH) and its relation with Indian summer monsoon rainfall (ISMR) based on the IMD rainfall data and NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data sets for the 1950–2021 period. The longitudinal position of the western edge of WPSH around 20° N is about 139.3° E in June, which gradually extends eastward up to 151° E by September end. The zonal movement in the western edge of WPSH exhibits a 30–60 day periodicity, which is prominent in July -August months during WPSH expansion. In contrast, the western edge of WPSH shows a periodicity of about 10–25 days, which is dominant from mid-June to early September. These two periodicities are significant at a 90% confidence level. As compared to the climatology, the WPSH shifted about 11° (10°) westward (eastward) along with an intensification (weakening) at the center of WPSH during expansion (contraction) cases. The surplus (deficit) rainfall occurred over entire India (east central India) during the WPSH expansion. In WPSH contraction, surplus (deficit) rainfall was noticed over the east-central and northern India (southern peninsular and northwest India). The sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies during expansion (contraction) follows the Modoki type of La Niña (El Niño) patterns over the central Pacific Ocean. During WPSH expansion, an intense mid-tropospheric updraft, abundance of atmospheric moisture along with its convergence over the ISM regions are observed and these are conducive to above normal rainfall.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":"49 - 64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136154339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying Dynamic and Thermodynamic Contributions to the Record-Breaking 2022 Summer Extreme Rainfall Events in Korea 确定对韩国2022年夏季极端降雨事件破纪录的动力和热力学贡献

IF 2.2 4区地球科学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2023-09-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13143-023-00334-4

Hyoeun Oh, Kyung-Ja Ha, Jin-Yong Jeong

{"title":"Identifying Dynamic and Thermodynamic Contributions to the Record-Breaking 2022 Summer Extreme Rainfall Events in Korea","authors":"Hyoeun Oh, Kyung-Ja Ha, Jin-Yong Jeong","doi":"10.1007/s13143-023-00334-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-023-00334-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2022, South Korea experienced a series of climate extremes, among which the August 8 extreme rainfall event stands out due to its considerable damage to Seoul, with daily precipitation exceeding 380 mm/d. This study aimed to examine the contributions of dynamic and thermodynamic components in the moisture budget to two major extreme rainfall events occurring on June 27–30 and August 8–11 in 2022. Our analysis revealed the distinctive roles of wind and moisture content during these extreme rainfall events. In both events, the changes in the wind (dynamic components) played a crucial role, mainly attributed to the northward or westward shift of the subtropical high. On the other hand, the moisture content (thermodynamic component) contributed to approximately 30% of the rainfall but only for the period from August 8 to 11. The subtropical thermal forcings, positive North Atlantic Oscillation, and the intensified rainfall in Pakistan induced circulation changes that redistributed the thermodynamic characteristics. Consequently, substantial meridional pressure gradients developed, giving rise to zonally elongated rainfall patterns that appeared to be characteristics of both extreme rainfall events. These findings shed light on the factors that influenced extreme rainfall events in South Korea in 2022 and highlight the crucial role of remote forcing in predicting such events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"60 4","pages":"387 - 399"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49450895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Determination of Input variables for Artificial Intelligence Models to predict the High PM2.5 concentration events in Seoul, Korea 确定人工智能模型的输入变量，以预测韩国首尔的高PM2.5浓度事件

IF 2.2 4区地球科学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2023-08-08 DOI: 10.1007/s13143-023-00333-5

Sang-Heon Kim, Moon-Soo Park

{"title":"Determination of Input variables for Artificial Intelligence Models to predict the High PM2.5 concentration events in Seoul, Korea","authors":"Sang-Heon Kim, Moon-Soo Park","doi":"10.1007/s13143-023-00333-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-023-00333-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The concentration of particulate matter (PMs) is governed by complex processes such as long-range transport, vertical diffusion, and local emissions. Therefore, thus it is relatively difficult to accurately forecast high PM concentration events. As the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to air-quality prediction has increased, optimal input variables for AI models have become critical. The purpose of this study was to suggest combined and synoptic variables, in addition to conventional surface meteorological and air quality variables, for AI-based high PM event prediction models. In Seoul and four cities in China, the observed surface meteorological and air quality data, upper air meteorological data, planetary boundary layer height, and temperature gradients between the surface and 850 hPa were tested. The east–west geopotential index (EWGI) and Korean Region Blocking Index (KRBI) have been suggested as regional-scale blocking indices. A concentration-wind (CW) variable was introduced to represent the effects of long-range transport from China. The usefulness of the suggested variables was tested using random forest (RF) and support vector machine (SVM) for 2017–2020. As the forecasting days progressed, the importance of surface variables decreased, whereas those of the EWGI, KRBI, CW, and stability variables increased. The stability variables increased the accuracy, probability of detection, and F1 scores, while decreasing the false alarm rate on the 3‒5 forecasting days. EWGI and KRBI improved the prediction performance after the third forecast day, and CW was important for predicting the 3‒4 forecast days. Newly introduced variables, such as EWGI, KRBI, CW, and stability tended to increase the 1‒4 day forecast hit rate for high PM<sub>2.5</sub> events and were found to be useful input data for machine learning or artificial intelligence-based air quality prediction models.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"59 5","pages":"607 - 623"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43803406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of the Species Number of Hydrometeors on Numerical Simulation of the Super Typhoon Mujigae in 2015 水文气象站种数对2015年超级台风穆吉盖数值模拟的影响

IF 2.2 4区地球科学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2023-07-21 DOI: 10.1007/s13143-023-00332-6

Simin Pang, Jiangnan Li, Tianyun Guo, Xiaoling Ma

{"title":"Influence of the Species Number of Hydrometeors on Numerical Simulation of the Super Typhoon Mujigae in 2015","authors":"Simin Pang, Jiangnan Li, Tianyun Guo, Xiaoling Ma","doi":"10.1007/s13143-023-00332-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-023-00332-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The same family four single-moment microphysics schemes (WSM3, WSM5, WSM6, and WSM7) were selected to simulate the tropical cyclone (TC) Mujigae in 2015 over the South China Sea using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. The effect of the species number of hydrometeors (SNH) used in these schemes on the track, intensity, precipitation, and structure of the TC is investigated. SNH has a slight impact on the TC track, while a significant effect on the TC intensity. The WSM6 scheme has the best skill to reproduce the minimum sea level pressure (MSLP). The WSM3 scheme has the highest simulation score for the maximum surface wind (MSW) speed. In general, the simulated TC intensity is strengthened as SNH increased, while weakened with the addition of hail. SNH affects structure and thus the TC intensity. The TC simulated by WSM6 scheme, with the smallest eye area and the radius of maximum wind, the strongest cloud wall convection, warm core, convergence in the lower layer, and divergence in the upper layer, simulates the minimum MSLP, which is closest to the observation. The four schemes can well reproduce precipitation distribution. The relationship between the total hydrometeor content and the TC intensity is non-linear. The total hydrometeor content simulated by the WSM3 scheme is the most while that by the WSM6 scheme is the least. However, the cloud ice simulated by the WSM6 scheme is the most. The graupel simulated by the WSM6 scheme is more than that by the WSM7 scheme. SNH modifies the microphysical conversion process and latent heat efficiency, and further affects the structure and intensity of TC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"60 1","pages":"29 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43638888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics of Tower-Level Low-Level Jets and Their Impacts on the Urban Heat Island in Tianjin 天津市低空急流特征及其对城市热岛的影响

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2023-06-13 DOI: 10.1007/s13143-023-00331-7

Tingting Ju, Bingui Wu, Zongfei Li, Jingle Liu, Hongsheng Zhang

{"title":"Characteristics of Tower-Level Low-Level Jets and Their Impacts on the Urban Heat Island in Tianjin","authors":"Tingting Ju, Bingui Wu, Zongfei Li, Jingle Liu, Hongsheng Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s13143-023-00331-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-023-00331-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h2>Abstract\u0000</h2><div><p>To date, the characteristics of the low-level jets (LLJs) that appear below 300 m, referred to in this study as tower-level LLJs (T-LLJs), have remained unidentified. The results in this study show that approximately 22% of LLJs in Tianjin appear below 300 m, indicating that greater attention should be given to T-LLJs. Thus, the characteristics of T-LLJs in Tianjin are investigated using data obtained from a wind-profile radar and a 255-m high meteorological tower. The results show that T-LLJs frequently occur during the transition from the warm season to the cold season and prefer to appear at night. Compared to the LLJs that appear between 300 and 1000 m, T-LLJs exhibit distinct monthly and diurnal variations, likely attributable to specific underlying causes. The case study suggests that the generation of T-LLJs can be partly attributed to inertial oscillation. Moreover, sensitivity tests indicate that the land‒sea thermal contrast is one of the main causes of T-LLJs, and that urban heat islands (UHIs) exert nonnegligible influence on T-LLJs in Tianjin. In addition, since UHIs are mainly nocturnal phenomena, the impacts of nocturnal LLJs on UHIs are investigated. The results show that nocturnal LLJs contribute to enhance turbulent mixing and heat transport, which can weaken atmospheric stability near the surface. Consequently, a nocturnal UHI is always weaker when it occurs concurrently with a LLJ, as opposed to occurring without a LLJ.</p></div></div>","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"59 4","pages":"509 - 527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43418678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Intercomparison of Deep-Learning Methods for Super-Resolution Bias-Correction (SRBC) of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) Using CORDEX-SA Simulations 基于CORDEX-SA模拟的印度夏季风降水超分辨率偏校正(SRBC)深度学习方法的比较

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-31 DOI: 10.1007/s13143-023-00330-8

Deveshwar Singh, Yunsoo Choi, Rijul Dimri, Masoud Ghahremanloo, Arman Pouyaei

{"title":"An Intercomparison of Deep-Learning Methods for Super-Resolution Bias-Correction (SRBC) of Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) Using CORDEX-SA Simulations","authors":"Deveshwar Singh, Yunsoo Choi, Rijul Dimri, Masoud Ghahremanloo, Arman Pouyaei","doi":"10.1007/s13143-023-00330-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-023-00330-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall (ISMR) plays a significant role in India’s agriculture and economy. Our understanding of the climate dynamics of the Indian summer monsoon has been enriched with general circulation models (GCMs) and regional climate models (RCMs). Systematic bias associated with these numerical simulations, however, needs to be corrected before we can obtain accurate or reliable projections of the future. Therefore, this study applies two state-of-the-art deep-learning (DL)-based super-resolution bias correction (SRBC) methods, viz. Autoencoder-Decoder (ACDC) and a deeper network Residual Neural Network (ResNet) to perform spatial downscaling and bias-correction on high-resolution CORDEX-SA climatic simulations of precipitation. To do so, we obtained eight meteorological variables from CORDEX-SA RCM simulations along with a digital elevation model at a spatial resolution of 0.25°×0.25° as input. Indian Monsoon Data Assimilation and Analysis, precipitation reanalysis re-grided to 0.05°×0.05° spatial resolution is chosen as output for the training period 1979–2005. To evaluate the DL algorithms, the RCP 2.6 scenario of CORDEX-SA future simulations for the period 2006–2020 is chosen. Moreover, we also conducted a performance assessment of the representation of mean, variability, extreme, and frequency of rainfall associated with ISMR. The results of the experiments show that the DL method ResNet a highly efficient in (i) improving the spatial resolution of the climatic simulations from 0.25°×0.25° to 0.05°×0.05°, (ii) reducing the systematic biases of the extreme rainfall of ISMR from 21.18 mm to -7.86 mm, and (iii) providing a robust bias-corrected climate simulation of ISMR for future climate mitigation and adaptation studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"59 4","pages":"495 - 508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13143-023-00330-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41940672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Estimating Probabilities of Extreme ENSO Events from Copernicus Seasonal Hindcasts 从哥白尼季节性预报估计极端ENSO事件的概率

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-04 DOI: 10.1007/s13143-023-00328-2

William J. Merryfield, Woo-Sung Lee

{"title":"Estimating Probabilities of Extreme ENSO Events from Copernicus Seasonal Hindcasts","authors":"William J. Merryfield, Woo-Sung Lee","doi":"10.1007/s13143-023-00328-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-023-00328-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Multi-system seasonal hindcasts supporting operational seasonal forecasts of the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) are examined to estimate probabilities that El Niño and La Niña episodes more extreme than any in the reliable observational record could occur in the current climate. With 184 total ensemble members initialized each month from 1993 to 2016, this dataset greatly multiplies the realizations of ENSO variability during this period beyond the single observed realization, potentially enabling a detailed assessment of the chances of extreme ENSO events. The validity of such an assessment is predicated on model fidelity, which is examined through two-sample Cramér–von Mises tests. These do not detect differences between observed and modeled distributions of the Niño 3.4 index once multiplicative adjustments are applied to the latter to match the observed variance, although differences too small to be detected cannot be excluded. Statistics of variance-adjusted hindcast Niño 3.4 values imply that El Niño and La Niña extremes exceeding any that have been instrumentally observed would be expected to occur with a > 3% chance per year on average across multiple realizations of the hindcast period. This estimation could also apply over the next several decades, provided ENSO variability remains statistically similar to the hindcast period.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"59 4","pages":"479 - 493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s13143-023-00328-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48326245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Climatic Factors Suppressing Tropical Cyclone Activity around Taiwan during October 抑制台湾10月热带气旋活动的气候因素

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1007/s13143-023-00327-3

Wei-Teh Li, Jau-Ming Chen, Ruo-Shan Tseng

{"title":"Climatic Factors Suppressing Tropical Cyclone Activity around Taiwan during October","authors":"Wei-Teh Li, Jau-Ming Chen, Ruo-Shan Tseng","doi":"10.1007/s13143-023-00327-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-023-00327-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During Octobers of 1970–2019, no tropical cyclones (TCs) affected Taiwan in 32 out of 50 years (64%). Suppressed TC activity in these years results from different modulating processes imposed by various climatic features. During Octobers of El Niño years, TC genesis in the western North Pacific (WNP) shifts eastward and decreases in the western WNP to the southeast of Taiwan. An anomalous anticyclone across the South China Sea (SCS) and Taiwan hinders TC movement toward Taiwan. In La Niña years, TC genesis increases in the region southeast of Taiwan. These TCs are guided by an anomalous cyclone centering in the SCS to have major TC tracks to the southwest of Taiwan toward the SCS. A year with a September–November value on the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) of between 0°-0.5 °C (-0.5°-0 °C) is categorized as a positive (negative) Normal year. During the positive Normal years, an anomalous cyclone over the WNP enhances TC genesis in its southern section and guides these TCs northward along the regions east of Taiwan. An anomalous anticyclone across the SCS and Taiwan hinders TC movement toward Taiwan. During the negative Normal years, a westward elongation of warm sea surface temperature anomalies from the WNP into the eastern Indian Ocean forces an anomalous anticyclone to extend westward from the WNP toward the SCS. TC genesis to the south of this anomalous anticyclone decreases and is accompanied by reduced TC movement toward Taiwan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"59 4","pages":"459 - 477"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48219499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Field-based Heatwave Risk Assessment of Outdoor Workers Measured by Wearable Sensors 基于可穿戴传感器的户外工作者现场热浪风险评估

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-24 DOI: 10.1007/s13143-023-00326-4

Ara Kim, Gayoung Yoo

{"title":"Field-based Heatwave Risk Assessment of Outdoor Workers Measured by Wearable Sensors","authors":"Ara Kim, Gayoung Yoo","doi":"10.1007/s13143-023-00326-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13143-023-00326-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increasing heatwave frequency due to climate change threatens outdoor workers’ health. We aimed to assess the on-site heat strain level of outdoor workers using wearable sensors and identify the factors for consideration in developing individual-based heat adaptation strategies. Seven road construction workers were recruited and asked to wear necklace-form temperature loggers and smartwatches monitoring heart rate (HR). The questionnaire was delivered daily to ask about their psychological comfort level during work. Workers were exposed to up to 5.4 °C higher temperature than the official air temperature, indicating that the national heatwave alarm does not reflect on-site heat conditions. Based on the measured HR data, heat strain levels were defined. When HR exceeded the level of “180-age,” we assumed extreme heat strain occurred, which requires immediate cessation of work. When HR exceeded 40% of the individual heart rate reserve (the difference between the maximum and resting HR), we assumed high heat strain occurred, indicating a stressed condition. High heat strain occurred in all workers on 9 of the 13 monitored days, whereas the official heatwave alarms were issued only on four dates. Additionally, three workers experienced extreme heat strain on two dates. The main factor for workers experiencing extreme heat strain was age. Comparing the heat strain levels from HR with the survey results, we found that the older workers considered their condition comfortable even under extreme and high heat strain. Thus, an individual sensor-based early-warning system is needed to prevent heat strain not perceived by outdoor workers. The findings emphasize the need for a personalized adaptation strategy for heatwaves and will be a baseline for developing a new work manual that mainstreams climate change impacts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8556,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences","volume":"59 4","pages":"447 - 458"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46048591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0