Arkhiv patologii最新文献

{"title":"[Nosological aspects of the petrification and ossification processes in the lungs].","authors":"I V Dvorakovskaya, I S Platonova, T A Novickaya, E M Nepomnyashchaya, S N Bugrov, B M Ariel","doi":"10.17116/patol20248606163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248606163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microscopic changes in the lung biopsies of 16 adult patients of both sexes without clear clinical symptoms are described. According to X-ray examination data, disseminated process in the lungs was diagnosed in 4 patients, interstitial pneumonia in 4, osteoplastic pneumopathy in 3, as well as tuberculosis, bronchiolitis and a number of others. Microscopic examination showed that the patients had various forms of petrification and ossification of the lungs, diagnosed clinically and radiologically in only 3 cases. The place of petrification of the lungs in nosology is discussed, from which it follows that we are talking about a violation of calcium metabolism, i.e. about dystrophy, and not about a storage disease. Petrification of the lungs as a precursor to ossification is a complication of various diseases, but not a self-sufficient nosological form.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":"86 6","pages":"63-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Breast granular cell tumor].","authors":"S A Povzun, N Yu Novitskaya","doi":"10.17116/patol20248604148","DOIUrl":"10.17116/patol20248604148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The report of the biopsy diagnosis of the granular cell tumor with rare localization in the breast is given. Currently, the tumor is considered a neoplasm of neuroectodermal origin. Differential diagnostic criteria for the tumor are positive expression in cytoplasm of protein S-100, absence of expression of epithelial antigens, histiocytic antigens, oncoproteins, estrogens and progesterone receptors, PAS-positive reaction of intracellular granules. With ultrasound examination and mammography, a tumor always initially assessed as cancer or calcification.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":"86 4","pages":"48-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pyloric gland adenoma - a rare tumor of the upper gastrointestinal tract with a high risk of malignancy].","authors":"A S Tertychnyy, N V Pachuashvili, D D Protsenko, S T Avraamova, D P Nagornaya, P V Pavlov, A P Kiryukhin, A A Fedorenko","doi":"10.17116/patol20248602130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248602130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pyloric gland adenomas (PGA) are rare neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. According to the literature, these lesions may be underdiagnosed, and their true frequency of occurrence is underestimated.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Clinical and morphological analysis of eight PGA cases of the upper gastrointestinal tract.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The study included 8 cases of detection of PGA. In 7 out of 8 cases, the tumor was diagnosed by examining endoscopic biopsies, in 1 case, PGA was an accidental finding in the surgical material after proximal gastric resection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>6 out of 8 patients were female, the median age was 65 years (minimum 36 years and maximum 78 years). In 6 cases, PDA was localized in the stomach, in 1 - in the esophagus and in 1 - in the duodenum The size of the tumors ranged from 0.6 cm to 7.5 cm. 4 out of 6 stomach tumors appeared on the background of confirmed autoimmune gastritis, 1 - on the background of lymphocytic gastritis. 4 tumors were found in the body of the stomach, 1 - in the cardia, 1 - in the bottom of the stomach. In 2 out of 8 cases, there were signs of malignancy of the tumor with the transition to a highly differentiated adenocarcinoma. According to the results of the IHC study, the absence of a p53 mutation was noted in these cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PGA should be considered as neoplasms with a high risk of transformation into invasive adenocarcinoma. Increasing the recognition of PGA among pathologists and further understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in their neoplastic transformation will improve the diagnosis and treatment of this pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":"86 2","pages":"30-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140847855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Pathology of the kidneys in malignant tumors of various localizations and antitumor therapy].","authors":"T A Garkusha, E S Stolyarevich, V A Khorzhevskii, S V Ivliev, M A Firsov","doi":"10.17116/patol20248603159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248603159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Non-tumorlesions of the kidneys in malignant neoplasms are very diverse. They can alter the results of chemotherapy and lead to death in the long term. In this regard, the related discipline of onconephrology has increasingly begun to be identified, which emphasizes the importance of diagnosing non-tumor kidney lesions in this category of patients. This review is devoted to the classification, diagnosis, course, prevention and treatment of non-tumor kidney lesions in patients with malignant neoplasms. There are four groups of lesions: mechanical damage; nephropathy due to anticancer therapy; paraneoplastic nephropathy; lesions associated with metabolic disorders. Kidney lesions in patients with malignant neoplasms are characterized by a variable course. In some cases, acute renal failure develops. Others are characterized by an asymptomatic course with an outcome in nephrosclerosis. Timely diagnosis and treatment of kidney lesions in malignant neoplasms can improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients with malignant neoplasms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":"86 3","pages":"59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expression of transferrin receptor 1 and β1-integrins correlates with estrogen receptor status and immune infiltration in breast cancer].","authors":"S V Chulkova, E N Sholokhova, I V Poddubnaya, I A Gladilina, A V Egorova, I S Stilidi","doi":"10.17116/patol20248604123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248604123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer cells can aberrantly express various markers, including transferrin receptor 1 (CD71) and <i>β</i>1-integrin molecules. Their role in invasion, migration and metastasis has been demonstrated. Determination of their expression in breast cancer (BC) may be an important point to characterize the clinical course of the tumor and prognosis of the disease.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study of transferrin receptor 1 (CD71) expression by primary breast cancer cells in correlation with tumor cell phenotype.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Determination of BC phenotype: immunohistochemical staining method (immunofluorescence). Antibodies to ER (estrogen receptors), KL-1 (pancytokeratin), CD71 (transferrin receptor), CD29 (<i>β</i>1-integrins). CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20 infiltration was also evaluated. ZEISS microscope (AXIOSKOP; Germany), method of G.J. Hammerling et al. Statistical processing: IBM-SPSS Statistics v.21.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>63% of BC cases had CD71+ phenotype. CD71-mosaic tumors were observed in 14.4%. <i>β</i>1-integrin expression was monomorphic in 51.6% of cases and mosaic in 38.7%. 85% of ER-positive tumors were CD71-positive with a monomorphic type of reaction; <i>p</i>=0.014. Among ER-negative tumors, CD71-negative reactions were 2-fold more frequent and the monomorphic type was less frequent. ER-positive tumors were CD29-positive in 73%; <i>p</i>=0.031. 45.5% of ER+ tumors were CD29-monomorphic. Among ER-negative tumors, the frequency of CD29-monomorphic tumors was 55%. Significant infiltration by CD3+ cells was predominant in CD71-positive tumors; <i>p</i>=0.016. In the CD29-monomorphic phenotype, CD45+ infiltration was 31.3%, and in the mosaic phenotype, 67.1%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BC aberrantly expresses transferrin receptors, <i>β</i>1-integrins. CD71 expression is associated with ER expression. ER-positive tumors are often monomorphic for CD71. Prominent CD3+ infiltration was present in CD71+ tumors. Expression of <i>β</i>1-integrins correlated with ER+ status and weak immune infiltration.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":"86 4","pages":"23-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141787081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Localization features of FAP-positive activated stromal cells in fibrosis in patients with new coronavirus infection COVID-19].","authors":"N V Danilova, N A Basalova, N A Oleynikova, E I Kelly, O V Zayratiants, A Yu Efimenko","doi":"10.17116/patol2024860615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol2024860615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the representation and localization of FAP-positive activated stromal cells depending on the severity of fibrotic changes in tissues of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>20 autopsy observations of patients who died from COVID-19 were studied. Immunohistochemical studies were performed using antibodies to CD90, FAP and aSMA and a dual imaging system. The severity of fibrosis in lung tissue was assessed according to the R.Hubner scale (2008).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FAP-positive cells are detected in the lungs, kidneys, liver and myocardium, while only in the lungs FAP expression is associated with fibrotic tissue areas. FAP expression of varying intensity was observed in capillaries, alveolar and bronchial epithelium, as well as in fibrotic nodules in the lungs, where it partially colocalizes with the key myofibroblast marker aSMA. CD90-positive stromal cells were also predominantly found in fibrotic foci.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results obtained allow us to clarify the localization of activated stromal precursors in human tissues during injury and suggest an important role of FAP in the formation of fibrotic foci and the progression of fibrotic changes in tissues, primarily the lungs, which makes it a promising pharmaceutical target for the treatment of diseases associated with the development of fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":"86 6","pages":"5-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142833823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Amplifiation of the c-MYC gene in acinar prostate adenocarcinoma. Morphogenic comparisons].","authors":"V A Khorzhevskii, E V Alymova, A K Kirichenko, S V Gappoev, Yu V Anzhiganova","doi":"10.17116/patol20248603130","DOIUrl":"10.17116/patol20248603130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of this work was to evaluate <i>c-MYC</i> gene amplification in the substrate of prostate acinar adenocarcinoma at various Gleason scores and various stages of the disease, taking into account the morphological characteristics of the tumor.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>The number of cases in the study was 82, including the control group - 12 cases. Morphological assessment included: determination of the total Gleason score, grading group, assessment of lymphovascular/perineural invasion, and architectural characteristics of the tumor. Gene amplification was assessed by FISH using the c-MYC (8q24)/SE8 probe.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all cases of the study group, amplification of the c-MYC gene was detected in the tumor, with a significant difference from the control group (<i>p</i><0.05). When assessing cases with 4-6 fold copies of the gene, significant differences were established between patients with stages II and III of the disease and stage IV (10.0 and 13.5 versus 30.0) (<i>p</i><0.05). Cluster amplification of the c-MYC gene was detected with equal frequency in groups of patients with stages III and IV of the disease, while in stage II of the disease, the event almost did not occur (<i>p</i><0.05). A significant increase in the level of c-MYC gene amplification was found in groups with advanced stages of the disease (<i>p</i><0.02). Non-cluster amplification significantly distinguishes T4M0 and T4M1 stage patients from the rest with a significant increase in the score (<i>p</i><0.05). In the metastatic stage of the disease, there was an increase c-MYC gene amplification compared to the non-metastatic stage (<i>p</i><0.02). The copy number of the c-MYC gene was significantly higher in cases with perineural and lymphovascular invasion, as well as in cases of cribriform tumor organization (<i>p</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Amplification of the <i>c-MYC</i> gene in prostate tumor cells is associated with advanced stages of the disease (T4M0 and T4M1) with an increase in the copy number of the gene during the metastatic stage of the process. It was found that increased amplification of the <i>c-MYC</i> gene distinguishes groups of patients whose tumors exhibit perineural and lymphovascular invasion, as well as a cribriform pattern of tumor organization.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":"86 3","pages":"30-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141330254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical and morphological characteristics of lung sequestration].","authors":"I A Kuznetsova, M G Rybakova, I V Dvorakovskaya, Yu A Tikhonova, E V Markusevich, D M Danilova","doi":"10.17116/patol20248605115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17116/patol20248605115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the clinical and morphological manifestations of lung sequestration.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Surgical material (lung tissue) of 18 patients (2017-2021) and 8 archival observations (1972-1994) of confirmed lung sequestration were examined. Histological staining (hematoxylin and eosin, Schiff reagent, Ziehl-Neelsen, picrofuchsin according to Van Gieson) and immunohistochemical reactions with antibodies to SMA, TTF1, CK5/6 (DAKO) were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ratio of men to women was 5:4; the average age of the patients was 35 years. Lung sequestration is localized mainly in the lower lobe segments, the left lung is involved in the pathological process more often. The cystic variant of lung sequestration with a chronic inflammatory process prevailed. Histological examination revealed the similarity of lung sequestration with congenital adenomatous lung malformation type 2 and rhabdomyomatous dysplasia. The respiratory and bronchial epithelium lost differentiation in the sequestered area.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The morphological picture of lung sequestration is nonspecific and can manifest itself in various types of inflammatory reactions and remodeling of lung tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":"86 5","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Potter sequence in a newborn with polycystic kidney disease].","authors":"N S Averkin, T V Pryazhentseva, A P Stolyarov, E A Kharitonov, I V Rybakova","doi":"10.17116/patol20248601149","DOIUrl":"10.17116/patol20248601149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A rare clinical case of a newborn boy with a diagnosed Potter sequence is presented. The diagnosis was made based on polycystic dysplasia of the kidneys, cysts in the liver, hypoplasia of the lungs and characteristic external signs due to critical oligohydramnios. The child's parents were closely related, which suggested an autosomal recessive form of the disease. The newborn lived for 15 hours, after which the death, developed as a result of respiratory failure, was ascertained.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":"86 1","pages":"49-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139691100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[High-grade encapsulated follicular cell thyroid carcinomas].","authors":"A Yu Abrosimov, A A Kuryshev","doi":"10.17116/patol20248605160","DOIUrl":"10.17116/patol20248605160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In accordance with the 2022 WHO classification of thyroid tumors there is a new group of high grade follicular cell-derived malignances which include both poorly differentiated as well as high grade differentiated thyroid carcinoma. This article describes two thyroid carcinomas with signs of high malignancy, characterised by the formation of their own fibrous capsule. We discuss a heterogeneous group of high grade tumors and possibility of indolent behavior some of this type of tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8548,"journal":{"name":"Arkhiv patologii","volume":"86 5","pages":"60-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142456881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}