Journal of Materials Chemistry C最新文献

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K2Be2P2 monolayer: a predicted strain-tunable two-dimensional topological insulator exhibiting multifunctional properties K2Be2P2单层:一种预测应变可调的二维拓扑绝缘体,具有多功能特性
IF 5.1 2区 材料科学
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1039/D5TC01936B
Shahram Yalameha, Zahra Nourbakhsh and Javad Zahmatkesh
{"title":"K2Be2P2 monolayer: a predicted strain-tunable two-dimensional topological insulator exhibiting multifunctional properties","authors":"Shahram Yalameha, Zahra Nourbakhsh and Javad Zahmatkesh","doi":"10.1039/D5TC01936B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC01936B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Exploring new two-dimensional (2D) materials with unique electronic and topological properties is key to developing next-generation electronic devices. We predict, using first-principles density functional theory calculations, a novel two-dimensional (2D) material, the K<small><sub>2</sub></small>Be<small><sub>2</sub></small>P<small><sub>2</sub></small> monolayer with a square Bravais lattice, and investigate its structural, electronic, mechanical, and optical properties. Our comprehensive stability analyses, encompassing phonon dispersion, cohesive energy (−3.1 eV per atom), formation energy (−2.46 eV per atom), elastic constants, and <em>ab initio</em> molecular dynamics, confirm that K<small><sub>2</sub></small>Be<small><sub>2</sub></small>P<small><sub>2</sub></small> is dynamically, thermodynamically, and mechanically stable, suggesting its experimental realizability. While initial PBE–GGA calculations suggest a near-zero bandgap, more accurate HSE06 hybrid functional calculations reveal that pristine K<small><sub>2</sub></small>Be<small><sub>2</sub></small>P<small><sub>2</sub></small> is a direct-bandgap semiconductor with a gap of 165 meV at the Γ point. Crucially, we demonstrate that the application of biaxial compressive strain induces a topological phase transition (TPT) from a trivial insulator to a topological insulator. This TPT, occurring at approximately −2% strain, is characterized by bandgap closure and reopening, accompanied by <em>p</em>–<em>p</em> type band inversion near the Fermi level. The topological nature of the strained phase is unambiguously confirmed by the topological invariant (<img>) and the presence of topologically protected edge states, calculated using a semi-infinite Green's function approach. Furthermore, we find that K<small><sub>2</sub></small>Be<small><sub>2</sub></small>P<small><sub>2</sub></small> exhibits in-plane mechanical anisotropy, with a relatively low Young's modulus (68.59 N m<small><sup>−1</sup></small>), suggesting potential for flexible electronics applications. The optical properties, characterized by the frequency-dependent dielectric function, reveal strong absorption in the visible and near-infrared regions, with a pronounced anisotropy dependent on light polarization, and an exceptionally low work function of 1.49 eV. Our findings position K<small><sub>2</sub></small>Be<small><sub>2</sub></small>P<small><sub>2</sub></small> as a promising candidate for strain-engineered topological phase transitions in two-dimensional materials, showcasing the tunability of its electronic and topological properties for next-generation electronic and spintronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 38","pages":" 19749-19762"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Photoluminescence features of few-layer hexagonal α-In2Se3 少层六方α-In2Se3的光致发光特性
IF 5.1 2区 材料科学
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02472B
Ilya Eliseyev, Alexey Veretennikov, Aidar Galimov, Lyubov Kotova, Grigorii Osochenko, Kseniya Gasnikova, Demid Kirilenko, Mariya Yagovkina, Yuliya Salii, Valery Davydov, Prokhor Alekseev and Maxim Rakhlin
{"title":"Photoluminescence features of few-layer hexagonal α-In2Se3","authors":"Ilya Eliseyev, Alexey Veretennikov, Aidar Galimov, Lyubov Kotova, Grigorii Osochenko, Kseniya Gasnikova, Demid Kirilenko, Mariya Yagovkina, Yuliya Salii, Valery Davydov, Prokhor Alekseev and Maxim Rakhlin","doi":"10.1039/D5TC02472B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC02472B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Indium (<small>III</small>) selenide is currently one of the most actively studied materials in the two-dimensional family due to its remarkable ferroelectric and optical properties. This study focuses on the luminescent properties of few-layer In<small><sub>2</sub></small>Se<small><sub>3</sub></small> flakes with thicknesses ranging from 7 to 100 monolayers. To explore the photoluminescence features and correlate them with changes in crystal symmetry and surface potential, we employed a combination of techniques, including temperature-dependent micro-photoluminescence, time-resolved photoluminescence, Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Kelvin probe force microscopy. X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy confirmed that the samples studied possess the α-phase structure. The micro-photoluminescence spectrum consists of two bands, A and B, with band B almost completely disappearing at room temperature. Temperature-dependent photoluminescence and time-resolved measurements helped us to elucidate the nature of the observed bands. We find that peak A is associated with emission from interband transitions in In<small><sub>2</sub></small>Se<small><sub>3</sub></small>, while peak B is attributed to defect-related emission. Additionally, the photoluminescence decay times of In<small><sub>2</sub></small>Se<small><sub>3</sub></small> flakes with varying thicknesses were determined. No significant changes were observed in the decay components as the thickness increased from 7 to 100 monolayers, suggesting that there are no qualitative changes in the band structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 39","pages":" 20220-20226"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145248124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Semi-insulating 4H-SiC based PIN photodiodes for X-ray detection 用于x射线探测的半绝缘4H-SiC PIN光电二极管
IF 5.1 2区 材料科学
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02614H
Xin Chen, Haitao Tang, Yong Liu and Qianqian Lin
{"title":"Semi-insulating 4H-SiC based PIN photodiodes for X-ray detection","authors":"Xin Chen, Haitao Tang, Yong Liu and Qianqian Lin","doi":"10.1039/D5TC02614H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC02614H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Silicon carbide is a wide-bandgap semiconductor with excellent thermal stability, high breakdown field, and strong radiation resistance, making it highly suitable for optoelectronic applications. However, challenges in growing thick intrinsic layers and p-type doping limit the performance of SiC-based photodetectors. In this work, a PIN-type photodetector based on semi-insulating 4H-SiC was fabricated. The p-type and n-type layers were replaced with organic semiconductors to avoid epitaxial growth and doping. The prototypical devices exhibited promising X-ray detection performance, achieving an X-ray sensitivity of 7019.35 μC × Gy<small><sup>−1</sup></small> cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small>, and also demonstrated strong ultraviolet (UV) detection capability in the 350–380 nm range. Furthermore, the device exhibited excellent long-term stability, maintaining a high on/off ratio even after 384 hours. This study provides new insights for developing high-performance, low-noise, and stable SiC-based photodetectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 38","pages":" 19772-19777"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Two-photon polymerization-assisted 3D laser nanoprinting: from fundamentals to modern applications 双光子聚合辅助3D激光纳米打印:从基础到现代应用
IF 5.1 2区 材料科学
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02037A
Ibrahim Boudene and Yahya Bougdid
{"title":"Two-photon polymerization-assisted 3D laser nanoprinting: from fundamentals to modern applications","authors":"Ibrahim Boudene and Yahya Bougdid","doi":"10.1039/D5TC02037A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC02037A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A key aspiration of modern science is to precisely control and arrange matter on a nanoscale level, creating 3D microstructures with specific functions. Microstereolithography technology has significantly pushed the frontiers of this aspiration, facilitating the manufacture of microdevices that offer innovative solutions in various sectors. Among different microstereolithography techniques, 3D laser nanoprinting based on two-photon polymerization (2PP) has emerged as a powerful tool for addressing complex challenges in a variety of scientific and industrial fields, with capabilities far exceeding those of traditional lithography techniques. Its unique ability to fabricate complex 3D microdevices with nanometer-scale precision has opened up new applications in a wide range of fields, including optics, electronics, and medicine. However, 2PP technology is still in its infancy, and many challenges have yet to be overcome, underscoring the need for further research and development to maximize the potential of 2PP lithography (2PL). This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of 2PL, highlighting its fundamental background, experimental aspects, and various functional photoresists. Moreover, we review the fundamental principles underlying the exceptional spatial resolution and the key factors enhancing the feature resolution and surface accuracy of 2PP-printed microstructures. Finally, we explore diverse potential applications of 2PL across various disciplines and share current challenges, innovations, and future prospects in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 36","pages":" 18597-18630"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/tc/d5tc02037a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis of luminescent dinaphthopentacene isomers and their application in OLEDs 发光二萘并戊烯异构体的合成及其在oled中的应用
IF 5.1 2区 材料科学
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02535D
Hannah V. Anderson, Felix Brust, Maksym Fizer, Jonas Spengler, Yvonne Wagenhäuser, Matthias Stolte, Ana de Bettencourt-Dias, Sergey A. Varganov, Frank Würthner and Wesley A. Chalifoux
{"title":"Synthesis of luminescent dinaphthopentacene isomers and their application in OLEDs","authors":"Hannah V. Anderson, Felix Brust, Maksym Fizer, Jonas Spengler, Yvonne Wagenhäuser, Matthias Stolte, Ana de Bettencourt-Dias, Sergey A. Varganov, Frank Würthner and Wesley A. Chalifoux","doi":"10.1039/D5TC02535D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC02535D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Here we report the straightforward synthesis of a novel nanographene, <em>syn</em>-dinaphthopentacene. This new compound was prepared along with its isomer <em>anti</em>-dinaphthopentacene to compare how small structural differences may affect properties such as crystal packing, photostability, and device performance. <em>syn</em>-Dinaphthopentacene has a twisted, chiral structure, and assembles in enantiomerically pure π-stacked columns in the solid state, while the <em>anti</em>-isomer is rigid and planar and forms a slip-stacked packing structure. <em>anti</em>-Dinaphthopentacene quickly undergoes light-induced [4+2] cycloaddition with singlet oxygen when exposed to ambient light and air, but the twisted <em>syn</em>-dinaphthopentacene exhibits remarkable stability under the same conditions. The two isomers have notably different UV-Vis absorbance and emission profiles, and upon probing the efficacy of these compounds as OLED emitters, the <em>anti</em>-isomer was found to be the better fluorophore, achieving luminance values exceeding 2000 cd m<small><sup>−2</sup></small> at peak efficiencies of almost 1%, as compared to the <em>syn</em>-counterpart which only reached 250 cd m<small><sup>−2</sup></small>.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 39","pages":" 20049-20055"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145248109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reconstructing 2D MXene into 1D length-tunable aminofunctionalized periodic mesoporous organosilica@MXene/Ni structures for enhanced microwave absorption performance 将二维MXene重构为一维可调长度的氨基功能化周期介孔organosilica@MXene/Ni结构,以增强微波吸收性能
IF 5.1 2区 材料科学
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02729B
Yiran Sun, Sikai Dai, Yu Fan, Jiangyu Fang, Xingyue Zhou, Ruoqi Wang, Qixin Zhuang, Jun Qian and Peiyuan Zuo
{"title":"Reconstructing 2D MXene into 1D length-tunable aminofunctionalized periodic mesoporous organosilica@MXene/Ni structures for enhanced microwave absorption performance","authors":"Yiran Sun, Sikai Dai, Yu Fan, Jiangyu Fang, Xingyue Zhou, Ruoqi Wang, Qixin Zhuang, Jun Qian and Peiyuan Zuo","doi":"10.1039/D5TC02729B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC02729B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The application of two-dimensional (2D) MXene nanomaterials in microwave absorption is severely limited due to their excessive conductive pathways caused by self-stacking and an inherent lack of magnetic loss. In this work, we developed length-tunable NPMO@MXene/Ni (PMNi) hybrids through dimensionality engineering and electrostatic self-assembly, converting the structure of MXene from a 2D to one-dimensional (1D) configuration and loading them with magnetic nickel (Ni) nanosheets. The hollow, mesoporous structure of the aminofunctionalized periodic mesoporous organosilica (NPMO) matrix and the three-tier hierarchical structure of PMNi generated numerous heterogeneous interfaces, greatly enhancing interfacial polarization and dielectric loss capabilities. Furthermore, the overall electromagnetic parameters were optimized for impedance matching by regulating the NPMO microrod length. The experimental results and radar cross-section simulations revealed that all PMNi magnetic hybrids demonstrated impressive microwave absorption characteristics. Specifically, mainly depending on the “2D-to-1D” dimensional reconstruction strategy, PMNi-600 exhibited an impressive minimum reflection loss of −51.28 dB at a thickness of only 1.7 mm, with an effective absorption bandwidth of 5.16 GHz. This work presents a novel approach to enhance the microwave absorption performance of MXene-based materials through a dimensional reconstruction strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 41","pages":" 21054-21065"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multifunctional high-mobility polymer semiconductors: design, synthesis and applications 多功能高迁移率聚合物半导体:设计、合成与应用
IF 5.1 2区 材料科学
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02455B
Zihan Xiong, Yunlong Guo and Yunqi Liu
{"title":"Multifunctional high-mobility polymer semiconductors: design, synthesis and applications","authors":"Zihan Xiong, Yunlong Guo and Yunqi Liu","doi":"10.1039/D5TC02455B","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC02455B","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Conjugated polymers play significant roles in organic electronic devices due to their adjustable chemical structures and unique optoelectronic properties. Carrier mobility, as a critical parameter in diverse electronic devices, has achieved fruitful improvements over the last decade. Apart from this, endowing high-mobility polymer semiconductors with additional characteristics, like mechanical, optical, thermal, and biocompatible properties, is expected to expand their usage scenarios and further realize cutting-edge applications. In this review, we first summarize the strategies for designing high-mobility semiconducting polymers. Then, traditional and innovative synthesis methodologies for delivering conjugated polymers are presented. Next, multifunctional high-mobility semiconducting polymers possessing intrinsic stretchability, intense photo-/electro-luminescence, efficient thermal-electric conversion, and environmentally friendly degradability are discussed in detail. Finally, current challenges and future prospects are concluded. By gaining in-depth understanding of the basic physicochemical characteristics of multifunctional polymer semiconductors and exploring their cutting-edge cross-disciplinary applications, these materials are expected to open new pathways for future artificial intelligence and smart manufacturing. Due to their unique optoelectronic properties and tunable chemical structures, polymer semiconductors play an important role in organic electronic devices.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 38","pages":" 19535-19551"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145196081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perfluorooctanoic acid-mediated self-assembly behaviour of linear and star block copolymers: the impact of intermolecular interactions on polymer micelles 全氟辛酸介导的线性和星形嵌段共聚物的自组装行为:分子间相互作用对聚合物胶束的影响
IF 5.1 2区 材料科学
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1039/D5TC01666E
Ankur Patel, Debes Ray, Paresh Parekh, Li-Jen Chen, Mehul Khimani, Ketan Kuperkar, V. K. Aswal and Vijay Patel
{"title":"Perfluorooctanoic acid-mediated self-assembly behaviour of linear and star block copolymers: the impact of intermolecular interactions on polymer micelles","authors":"Ankur Patel, Debes Ray, Paresh Parekh, Li-Jen Chen, Mehul Khimani, Ketan Kuperkar, V. K. Aswal and Vijay Patel","doi":"10.1039/D5TC01666E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC01666E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, we present results from high-sensitivity differential scanning calorimetry (HSDSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and computational simulation performed for understanding the micellization and micelle morphology of two EO–PO block copolymeric surfactants, namely, the linear triblock copolymer Pluronic® F127 and the star block copolymer Tetronic® T1107 (both with 70% PEO content), in the presence of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA). Increasing the concentration of PFOA in aqueous solutions of both copolymers resulted in a significant reduction in the critical micellization temperature (CMT), as inferred from the calorimetric findings. Scattering experiments revealed intriguing results, indicating that the micelle radius (<em>R</em><small><sub>c</sub></small>, <em>R</em><small><sub>hs</sub></small>) and aggregation number (<em>N</em><small><sub>agg</sub></small>) of polymeric micelles increased with increasing PFOA concentration. The addition of PFOA did not alter the morphology of the micelles; however, comparing the correlation peaks in SANS suggested that the distance between the spherical micelles decreased as the PFOA concentration increased. Thus, the outcome of this study helps to fine-tune the performance-based properties of these widely used polymeric surfactants with a fluorinated hydrophobic additive.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 39","pages":" 20094-20104"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145248114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Terahertz spectroscopic characterization of Ge3Sb2Te6 compounds for active applications 活性应用Ge3Sb2Te6化合物的太赫兹光谱表征
IF 5.1 2区 材料科学
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1039/D5TC01667C
Krishna Kumar, Miroslavna Kovylina, Jose Antonio Álvarez-Sanchis, David Ortiz de Zárate, Borja Vidal and Carlos García-Meca
{"title":"Terahertz spectroscopic characterization of Ge3Sb2Te6 compounds for active applications","authors":"Krishna Kumar, Miroslavna Kovylina, Jose Antonio Álvarez-Sanchis, David Ortiz de Zárate, Borja Vidal and Carlos García-Meca","doi":"10.1039/D5TC01667C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC01667C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A study of the optical and dielectric properties of the non-volatile chalcogenide phase change material Ge<small><sub>3</sub></small>Sb<small><sub>2</sub></small>Te<small><sub>6</sub></small> in the terahertz band (0.5–2.5 THz) is presented. Thermally annealed thin films of this material have been characterized with THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), in addition to X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Optical constants, dielectric properties, and THz conductivity were derived from the THz-TDS data using a numerical method that takes into account the strong etalon effect of the thin film. The results are compared to the properties of Ge<small><sub>2</sub></small>Sb<small><sub>2</sub></small>Te<small><sub>5</sub></small>, which is commonly employed in photonics. Remarkably, Ge<small><sub>3</sub></small>Sb<small><sub>2</sub></small>Te<small><sub>6</sub></small> exhibits considerably lower losses along the metal-to-insulator (MIT) transition. It has also been found that Ge<small><sub>3</sub></small>Sb<small><sub>2</sub></small>Te<small><sub>6</sub></small> is more robust and that its optical constants are less affected by the substrate material. These results suggest that Ge<small><sub>3</sub></small>Sb<small><sub>2</sub></small>Te<small><sub>6</sub></small> is potentially a more suitable candidate for high-performance applications requiring high contrast in the refractive index and low loss, such as in THz beam steering.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 39","pages":" 20269-20278"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/tc/d5tc01667c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145248129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New cationic fluorescent dyes for optical sensing of chloride 氯离子光学传感用新型阳离子荧光染料
IF 5.1 2区 材料科学
Journal of Materials Chemistry C Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1039/D5TC02192H
Karl L. Sterz, Torsten Mayr and Sergey M. Borisov
{"title":"New cationic fluorescent dyes for optical sensing of chloride","authors":"Karl L. Sterz, Torsten Mayr and Sergey M. Borisov","doi":"10.1039/D5TC02192H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC02192H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Lucigenin (10,10′-dimethyl-[9,9′-biacridine]-10,10′-diium nitrate) is a fluorescent compound known for more than a century for its chloride sensitivity, but further research since then has not yielded definitive improvements or extensive structure–property relations. Chloride indicators that absorb and emit at longer wavelengths are highly desirable to minimize interference through scattering, autofluorescence of optical components and samples, particularly when measuring in biological probes. Herein, the synthesis and spectral properties of new π-extended lucigenin analogs are reported. <em>N</em>-Methyl benzo[<em>b</em>]acridinium (<strong>1</strong>) and two-fold-charged dyes incorporating the benzo[<em>b</em>]acridinium backbone (<strong>2</strong>, <strong>3</strong>) are not emissive, and a fluorescent π-extended derivative incorporating a fluorene structure (<strong>4</strong>) does not show a sizeable response to chloride (<em>K</em><small><sub>SV NaCl</sub></small> = 0.8 M<small><sup>−1</sup></small>). A novel dicationic perylene analog, 3,9-dimethylbenzo[1,2,3-<em>de</em>:4,5,6-<em>d</em>′<em>e</em>′]diquinoline-3,9-diium (<strong>6</strong>), shows typical spectral characteristics of perylene and fluorescence quantum yield close to unity but also a strong fluorescence response to chloride (<em>K</em><small><sub>SV NaCl</sub></small> = 160 M<small><sup>−1</sup></small>). Compared to lucigenin (<em>ε</em> = 7.5 × 10<small><sup>3</sup></small> M<small><sup>−1</sup></small> cm<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 433 nm, <em>Φ</em> = 52%), <strong>6</strong> shows much higher (∼5-fold) brightness in the visible spectral range (<em>ε</em> = 2.2 × 10<small><sup>4</sup></small> M<small><sup>−1</sup></small> cm<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 455 nm, <em>Φ</em> = 97%). Finally, a hybrid of acridinium and quinolinium, 10-methyl-9-(1-methylquinolin-1-ium-5-yl)acridin-10-ium (<strong>5</strong>), is characterized by spectral properties, brightness (<em>ε</em> = 5.1 × 10<small><sup>3</sup></small> M<small><sup>−1</sup></small> cm<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 426 nm, <em>Φ</em> = 83%) and chloride response (<em>K</em><small><sub>SV NaCl</sub></small> = 145 M<small><sup>−1</sup></small>) which are similar to lucigenin, but without detectable crosstalk to common anions such as nitrate and sulfate (<em>K</em><small><sub>SV NaNO<small><sub>3</sub></small></sub></small> ≈ 0, <em>K</em><small><sub>SV Na<small><sub>2</sub></small>SO<small><sub>4</sub></small></sub></small> ≈ 0). In addition, the indicator features extraordinarily long fluorescence lifetime (<em>τ</em> = 24.5 ns) that also decreases in presence of chloride, which suggests high potential of the new dye as a water-soluble probe for chloride mapping by fluorescence lifetime imaging methods. The dye can also be photoimmobilized into partly hydrolyzed poly(acrylonitrile) providing a sensor material with similar characteristics to lucigenin, but without crosstalk to nitrate and sulfate.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 39","pages":" 20259-20268"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/tc/d5tc02192h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145248128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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