Genglong Chen, Jiang Cheng, Chenenze Jiang, Qingquan Ye, Xiang Meng, Hua Tang, Fuqiang Zhai and Lu Li
{"title":"Preparation of high gain NIR photodetectors based on gradient AgInS2(Se) thin films with A W−1 level responsivity†","authors":"Genglong Chen, Jiang Cheng, Chenenze Jiang, Qingquan Ye, Xiang Meng, Hua Tang, Fuqiang Zhai and Lu Li","doi":"10.1039/D4TC04930F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC04930F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >High-performance near-infrared (NIR) thin-film photodetectors hold great promise for biological detection applications. Techniques based on two-dimensional materials, while well-studied, face challenges in achieving large-area detection with a response current that is readable by a multimeter. In this study, we introduce a high-performance NIR photodetector based on gradient AgInS<small><sub>2</sub></small>(Se) thin films. To fabricate a AgInS<small><sub>2</sub></small>(Se) film with a high selenization rate and minimal stress, we prepared a loosely structured AgInS<small><sub>2</sub></small> precursor using an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) method. The photodetectors, based on an AgInS<small><sub>2</sub></small>(Se)/CdS heterojunction, exhibited remarkably high responsivity, achieving 51.58 A W<small><sup>−1</sup></small> and 0.315 A W<small><sup>−1</sup></small> at 660 nm and 1050 nm, respectively, under a 2 V reverse bias. Concurrently, they demonstrated exceptionally high external quantum efficiency (EQE) values of 9709.3% and 37.3% at the respective wavelengths. To demonstrate practical applications, we successfully fabricated a large-scale (5 × 4 cm<small><sup>2</sup></small>, with an active area of 12 cm<small><sup>2</sup></small>) photodetector capable of generating milliamp-level photocurrents under low light conditions. This photodetector was employed for pulse monitoring and assessing the ripeness of kiwifruits, showcasing the potential of this large-scale technology for biological applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 14","pages":" 6980-6992"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhanced performance of a-GaOx thin-film transistor photodetectors via in situ hydrogen incorporation using water vapor†","authors":"Minghang Lei, Junyan Ren, Jingting Sun, Hongyu Chen, Zhaoxing Fu, Zhipeng Chen, Tingting Jin, Huize Tang, Liang Jing, Lingyan Liang and Hongtao Cao","doi":"10.1039/D4TC04908J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC04908J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Amorphous gallium oxide photodetectors have garnered increasing attention in solar-blind ultraviolet detection applications. However, the inherent high-density defects in the material pose a significant challenge, as improving the photo-response often leads to deteriorated recovery time, making it difficult to achieve a balance between high responsivity and a relatively fast response time. In this study, water vapor is introduced as part of the deposition atmosphere during the magnetron sputtering process to facilitate <em>in situ</em> hydrogen incorporation, aiming to enhance the performance of a-GaO<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small> thin films. It is observed that water vapor incorporation induces numerous hydrogen-related unstable defects in the as-deposited films. Nevertheless, after vacuum annealing, these hydrogen-related defects and oxygen vacancies are significantly reduced, improving the film packing density and microstructural ordering. The optimized a-GaO<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small> photodetectors exhibit significant performance enhancement compared to non-hydrogenated devices, with responsivity increasing by approximately one order of magnitude (from 44.05 A W<small><sup>−1</sup></small> to 832.6 A W<small><sup>−1</sup></small>), accompanied by an effective reduction in response time. This approach presents a promising solution to address the longstanding trade-off between responsivity and response time in amorphous oxide photodetectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 14","pages":" 7059-7070"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ping Zhang, Reyila Tuerhong, Yongchong Yu, Yapeng Lan, Yu Zhang, Xiaoping Su and Lijuan Han
{"title":"Selectivity studies and modification strategies for high-efficiency photocatalytic CO2 reduction to methanol products","authors":"Ping Zhang, Reyila Tuerhong, Yongchong Yu, Yapeng Lan, Yu Zhang, Xiaoping Su and Lijuan Han","doi":"10.1039/D4TC05056H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC05056H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Research on photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide (CO<small><sub>2</sub></small>) has extensively progressed. Among the photocatalytic CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> reduction products, methanol (CH<small><sub>3</sub></small>OH) has attracted interest from scientists as an important liquid product. However, during the reduction process, there are significant challenges in terms of the selectivity for realizing CH<small><sub>3</sub></small>OH owing to a six-electron transfer process towards achieving methane (CH<small><sub>4</sub></small>) and inefficient CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> conversion performance. Hence, this work is focused on the studies related to the product selectivity of photocatalytic CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> reduction and strategies for the modification of photocatalysts in order to obtain CH<small><sub>3</sub></small>OH. The related photocatalytic selectivity mechanism is introduced, and the strategies to modify photocatalysts for the conversion of CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> to CH<small><sub>3</sub></small>OH (elemental doping, defect engineering, co-catalyst loading, construction of heterojunctions, surface functional groups, plasma engineering, <em>etc.</em>) are comprehensively described. Finally, the challenges and future development prospects in achieving a higher efficiency and selectivity in photocatalytic CO<small><sub>2</sub></small> reduction to CH<small><sub>3</sub></small>OH are summarized.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 11","pages":" 5439-5461"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143611930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sung Hwan Cho, Seungwon Choi, Jun Min Suh and Ho Won Jang
{"title":"Advancements in surface plasmon resonance sensors for real-time detection of chemical analytes: sensing materials and applications","authors":"Sung Hwan Cho, Seungwon Choi, Jun Min Suh and Ho Won Jang","doi":"10.1039/D4TC04890C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC04890C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Chemicals are being used in various fields with the development of industry, but the importance of human safety from chemical exposure is becoming increasingly evident. Traditional detection methods, which analyze analytes through preprocessing, have limitations in real-time applications. In contrast, LSPR and SPR sensors, which can rapidly and accurately detect chemicals in real time, are among the most reliable methods for protecting against chemical threats. LSPR and SPR sensors detect minute interactions between sensing materials and chemicals through changes in absorbance and refractive index, enabling the accurate detection of even the smallest changes. To maximize the performance of LSPR and SPR sensors capable of real-time detection and apply them across various fields, ongoing research has focused on innovative materials, fabrication techniques, and nanostructures. The future perspectives on sensing materials for real-time detection technologies used by LSPR and SPR sensors are discussed. This review presents guidelines for selecting sensing materials for use in LSPR and SPR sensors in real-time applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 13","pages":" 6484-6507"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/tc/d4tc04890c?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Padrón-Alemán, G. J. Cuello, I. Puente-Orench, J. Lopez-García, M. L. Arreguín-Hernández, J. L. Sánchez Llamazares, Pedro Gorria and P. Alvarez-Alonso
{"title":"Scrutinizing the sharp magnetoelastic transition and kinetic arrest in Fe49Rh51 alloy using neutron thermo-diffraction","authors":"K. Padrón-Alemán, G. J. Cuello, I. Puente-Orench, J. Lopez-García, M. L. Arreguín-Hernández, J. L. Sánchez Llamazares, Pedro Gorria and P. Alvarez-Alonso","doi":"10.1039/D5TC00193E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC00193E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The Fe<small><sub>49</sub></small>Rh<small><sub>51</sub></small> bulk alloy undergoes a sharp first-order magnetostructural transition from the antiferromagnetic (AFM) to ferromagnetic (FM) state around 332 K, accompanied by a drastic change of around 0.8% in the unit cell volume. Neutron thermo-diffraction experiments have been carried out to investigate the concomitant coupling between spin and lattice degrees of freedom in detail. Although it seems that the alloy entirely changes from the AFM to FM order in a very narrow temperature range (with a hysteresis of about 6 K), evidence of AFM order persists even 70 K above the first-order phase transition, suggesting a kinetic arrest of the AFM phase during both heating and cooling procedures. The estimated value for the Fe magnetic moment in the AFM phase at room temperature, around <em>μ</em><small><sub>Fe</sub></small> ≈ 3.4<em>μ</em><small><sub>B</sub></small>, agrees with those already reported and reaches 3.8<em>μ</em><small><sub>B</sub></small> at <em>T</em> = 10 K. However, in the FM phase, <em>μ</em><small><sub>Fe</sub></small> decreases to ≈ 2.3<em>μ</em><small><sub>B</sub></small>, while Rh acquires a magnetic moment of around 0.9<em>μ</em><small><sub>B</sub></small>. The use of temperature first-order reverse curves of neutron thermo-diffraction gives additional information about the magnetostructural coupling within the transition. Time-resolved neutron diffraction patterns collected at selected temperatures show that the alloy fully relaxes above the transition temperature, with both the magnetic and structural transformations occurring at the same temperature and with similar relaxation times.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 14","pages":" 7017-7026"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/tc/d5tc00193e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiahao Ye, Tianhuai Xu, Liva Germane, Linards Lapcinskis, Andris Šutka, Jin-Chong Tan
{"title":"Functionalized PDMS for regulating the triboelectric output of nanogenerators: a study of charge transfer mechanisms.","authors":"Jiahao Ye, Tianhuai Xu, Liva Germane, Linards Lapcinskis, Andris Šutka, Jin-Chong Tan","doi":"10.1039/d4tc05325g","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d4tc05325g","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is one of the most widely used materials in triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) due to its remarkable flexibility and robustness, yet its triboelectric output often limits practical applications. In this study, we present a method for tuning the triboelectric properties of PDMS through surface functionalization using self-assembled monolayers of siloxane-based molecules. Our results demonstrate that the functionalized PDMS films exhibit distinct charge donating or withdrawing behaviours, confirmed by molecular simulations and experimental characterization. Notably, trimethylsiloxyphenylmethacrylate (TMSPMA) functionalized PDMS achieved the highest voltage of 189 ± 6 V and current output of 6.75 ± 0.26 μA, leading to a 2-fold increase in peak power density compared with the standard PDMS. Moreover, to elucidate the charge transfer mechanisms between the functionalized PDMS and indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode, nanoanalytical techniques such as nano-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (nano-FTIR) and Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) were employed to evaluate the surface chemical and electrical properties at the local scale. This research not only enhances the understanding of polymer/metal contact electrification, but also opens avenues for optimizing TENG efficiency through targeted surface functionalization strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11899533/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Allyson R. Tesky, McKenna Hicks, Sujan Aryal, Brendan Jones, Julia Molitor and Anupama B. Kaul
{"title":"Dry electrodes with a printed cellulose–graphene ink for low-profile strain sensors in electromyography†","authors":"Allyson R. Tesky, McKenna Hicks, Sujan Aryal, Brendan Jones, Julia Molitor and Anupama B. Kaul","doi":"10.1039/D4TC04049J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC04049J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dihydrolevoglucosenone, commonly known as Cyrene, is a renewable and fully biodegradable cellulose-waste derived, environmentally friendly solvent, presenting a non-toxic alternative to <em>N</em>-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). Currently, solution-based processing of graphene and other similar van der Waals solids favor toxic solvents such as NMP, limiting their use for biosensing. However, with the use of Cyrene, bio-compatible printable devices are possible, and studies have already demonstrated its use in temperature and other biosensing methods through screen-printing. Screen-printing unfortunately often requires masks that constrain the minimum acquirable feature size to be above hundreds of centimeters and wastes material, adding to process complexity and cost. Conversely, inkjet-printing is an attractive alternative for the maskless patterning of hierarchically assembled structures, with micron length scales attainable. Graphene's high conductivity positions it ideally for long-wear sensors such as dry electrodes or respiration monitors. Here, we demonstrate the potential of Cyrene-based graphene inks through few-layer inkjet printing on flexible substrates for the first time, to produce non-toxic conductors toward a strain-mediated mechanism for biosensing, used to detect bodily motion for wearable electronics. The challenges overcome in this study include engineering ink chemistry and printing parameters such that Cyrene's relatively high viscosity compared to typical inkjet solvents, still allows for droplet ejection in a conventional material printer, yielding well-resolved clean line-edges in contrast to other solvents that exhibit diffuse line-edges possibly from stray droplets and ink-splashing. Temperature-dependent transport measurements on the inkjet-printed Cyrene-based graphene films showed the conductivity to be largely temperature-invariant but at lower temperatures below 100 K, conductivity decreased, likely as a result of increased inter-membrane separation arising from thermal contraction. Additionally, temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy showed the red-shift in the G-band, 2D-band and D-band peaks, as temperature increased. By validating flexion motion detection of the proximal interphalangeal joint demonstrated in this study, our work is the first of its kind to successfully additively manufacture inkjet-printed Cyrene-based graphene strain sensors on flexible substrates for bio-sensing and wearables.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 14","pages":" 7004-7016"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingxuan Zhang, Zetian Yang, Hengwei Lin, Dirk Poelman, Henk Vrielinck and Jiaren Du
{"title":"Trap-controlled sodalites with high photochromic contrast for decoration applications†","authors":"Jingxuan Zhang, Zetian Yang, Hengwei Lin, Dirk Poelman, Henk Vrielinck and Jiaren Du","doi":"10.1039/D4TC05351F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC05351F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Motivated by their variable chromatic transformations and remarkable thermal stability, photochromic materials derived from sodalite (Na<small><sub>8</sub></small>(AlSiO<small><sub>4</sub></small>)<small><sub>6</sub></small>Cl<small><sub>2</sub></small>) have been proposed for various applications such as optical anti-counterfeiting and radiation dosimetry. Nonetheless, the utilization of these optical materials is significantly constrained by the intricate synthesis process and weak photochromic contrast. Herein, a one-step microwave-assisted solid-state method is adopted to prepare sodalites and optimize their photochromic performance. The results show that the sample can be synthesized through only 16-minute microwave radiation, greatly simplifying the preparation process. Notably, the maximum photochromic contrast of sodalites is enhanced from 13.8% to 26.9% through the partial substitution of Cl with S ions. In addition, optical spectroscopy and electron spin resonance experiments are performed to investigate the influence of traps on the photochromic behavior. It was found that the photochromic behavior in sodalites is mainly determined by traps with an energy depth around 0.788 eV. The activation energy of these traps is determined by the host and the corresponding preparation approach. Finally, sodalite-based compounds are fabricated into fibers for clothing decoration demonstration. This work not only provides a facile method for the synthesis of sodalite-based photochromic materials but also gives insight into the trap-involved photochromic mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 14","pages":" 7264-7275"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143769603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}