Yuanhao Li, Yukun Wang, Zuhuan Lu, Zongming Yu, Tianyi Zhang and Wenhong Sun
{"title":"Passivation of defects by tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile introduced into MAPbI3 for high-performance perovskite photodetectors†","authors":"Yuanhao Li, Yukun Wang, Zuhuan Lu, Zongming Yu, Tianyi Zhang and Wenhong Sun","doi":"10.1039/D5TC01086A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC01086A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Methylammonium lead iodide is widely used in the preparation of photodetectors because of its excellent photovoltaic properties. However, because of the nature of the perovskite polycrystals, the low-temperature solution treatment approach of creating perovskite thin films causes flaws to arise in the material. Undercoordinated lead ions (Pb<small><sup>2+</sup></small>) have been shown to have comparatively low formation energies among all defect species and to be a major contributor to defect creation. Here, we use a straightforward but efficient additive engineering strategy to introduce tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile as an additive into the perovskite precursor solution to passivate perovskite defects and improve the quality of perovskite thin films for the production of high-efficiency perovskite photodetectors. We demonstrated that –CN (cyano) and polyfluorine atoms in the structure of TFTPN may passivate defects caused by lead ions and prevent the releasing of organic cations (MA<small><sup>+</sup></small>), improving the stability of the perovskite structure and the quality of perovskite films. Consequently, we designed perovskite photodetectors with TFTPN that demonstrated exceptional performance in terms of photoresponse, detection and other areas. These devices had a maximum peak external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 91.73%, a lower dark current density of 8.86 × 10<small><sup>−11</sup></small> A cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small>, a linear dynamic range (LDR) of 105.4 dB, and more. Furthermore, the perovskite photodetector's durability is enhanced by the addition of TFTPN, and after 20 days of storage in an air environment at 25 °C and 20–30% relative humidity, the device retains its original efficiency of 92.3%.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 21","pages":" 10714-10723"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christine Martin, Juan P. Bolletta, Balazs Kobzi, François Fauth, Vivian Nassif, Emmanuelle Suard, Alexander I. Kurbakov, Samuel Jouen, Virginie Nachbaur and Antoine Maignan
{"title":"Cationic disorder effect on the structural and magnetic properties in SmCr1−xFexTiO5†","authors":"Christine Martin, Juan P. Bolletta, Balazs Kobzi, François Fauth, Vivian Nassif, Emmanuelle Suard, Alexander I. Kurbakov, Samuel Jouen, Virginie Nachbaur and Antoine Maignan","doi":"10.1039/D5TC01022E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC01022E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Combining synchrotron X-ray and neutron powder diffraction with Mössbauer and Raman spectroscopy and magnetization measurements, a comprehensive experimental study of the SmCr<small><sub>1−<em>x</em></sub></small>Fe<small><sub><em>x</em></sub></small>TiO<small><sub>5</sub></small> series (<em>x</em> = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1) is presented. The compounds which exhibit a structure derived from mullite crystallize in the orthorhombic <em>Pbam</em> space group in the entire series, and from room temperature down to 2 K. The transition metals occupy two crystallographic sites, one octahedron (M<small><sub>oct</sub></small>O<small><sub>6</sub></small>) and one square-based pyramid (M<small><sub>pyr</sub></small>O<small><sub>5</sub></small>), in a non-random fashion depending on <em>x</em>. Accordingly, different magnetic behaviours are generated from long range antiferromagnetism to spin glass. This study demonstrates that the impact of the Fe for Cr substitution on the magnetic properties is mainly due to the distribution of Ti<small><sup>4+</sup></small> (d<small><sup>0</sup></small>), Cr<small><sup>3+</sup></small> (d<small><sup>3</sup></small>) and Fe<small><sup>3+</sup></small> (d<small><sup>5</sup></small>) over the M-cationic framework rather than the induced structural effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 21","pages":" 10676-10689"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chunyu Li, Zhiming Wu, Meiyu He, Chaoyi Zhang, Silu Peng, Jiayue Han, Laijiang Wei, Xiang Dong, Jun Gou, Jun Wang and Yadong Jiang
{"title":"Photo-driven all-2D van der Waals metal–semiconductor field-effect transistors for high-performance photodetection†","authors":"Chunyu Li, Zhiming Wu, Meiyu He, Chaoyi Zhang, Silu Peng, Jiayue Han, Laijiang Wei, Xiang Dong, Jun Gou, Jun Wang and Yadong Jiang","doi":"10.1039/D5TC01016K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC01016K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Photodetectors based on 2D materials have garnered significant attention due to their remarkable performance characteristics. However, widely adopted photodiodes and photoconductors typically face challenges in achieving both high responsivity and fast response speed. Here, a photovoltage-driven metal–semiconductor field-effect transistor (photo-MESFET) is proposed, utilizing 2D metallic 2H-NbSe<small><sub>2</sub></small> as the top-gate electrode and n-type semiconductor MoS<small><sub>2</sub></small> as the channel material. Owing to the high-quality Schottky contact between NbSe<small><sub>2</sub></small> and MoS<small><sub>2</sub></small>, the MESFET exhibits a low subthreshold swing of ∼79 mV dec<small><sup>−1</sup></small> and a high on/off ratio of ∼10<small><sup>6</sup></small>. Additionally, the device demonstrates an extremely low dark current of ∼2.9 pA with a top-gate bias of −0.5 V, attributed to the complete depletion of the channel. Under 650 nm laser illumination, the photogenerated voltage at the NbSe<small><sub>2</sub></small>/MoS<small><sub>2</sub></small> heterointerface effectively modulates the depletion region and conductivity in the MoS<small><sub>2</sub></small> channel, which enables the device to achieve concurrent optimization with a high responsivity of ∼9.56 A W<small><sup>−1</sup></small> and a fast response time of ∼206 μs. Accordingly, the photo-MESFET also attains a high specific detectivity of ∼2.23 × 10<small><sup>10</sup></small> Jones and a large <em>I</em><small><sub>on</sub></small>/<em>I</em><small><sub>off</sub></small> ratio of ∼4.1 × 10<small><sup>5</sup></small>, demonstrating excellent imaging capabilities. The photo-MESFET offers a viable solution for realizing comprehensive high-performance photodetectors.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 21","pages":" 10650-10657"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jun Wang, Xin-Wang Yao, Xiu-Xing Xu, Xia Wu, Jun-Han Qian, Xiu-Juan Wang, Yan-Fang Liu, Chun-Yan Wu and Lin-Bao Luo
{"title":"SnO/β-Ga2O3 heterojunction barrier Schottky diodes for decreased reverse leakage current and improved breakdown voltage†","authors":"Jun Wang, Xin-Wang Yao, Xiu-Xing Xu, Xia Wu, Jun-Han Qian, Xiu-Juan Wang, Yan-Fang Liu, Chun-Yan Wu and Lin-Bao Luo","doi":"10.1039/D5TC01355K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC01355K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this article, we report a vertical β-Ga<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>3</sub></small> heterojunction barrier Schottky (HJBS) diode fabricated by using reactive magnetron sputtering to selectively grow a circular p-type SnO film array. Compared to its Schottky barrier diode (SBD) counterpart, the HJBS diode shows a slightly increased turn-on voltage (<em>V</em><small><sub>on</sub></small>) and specific on-resistance (<em>R</em><small><sub>on,sp</sub></small>), but its breakdown voltage (BV) is greatly improved due to the decreased electric field crowding effect at the anode edge as well as the lateral surface depletion effect of the SnO/β-Ga<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>3</sub></small> p–n junction. A BV of 1375 V and a Baliga's power figure of merit (PFOM) of 0.37 GW cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small> achieved for the device with a spacing of 3 μm are expected to be improved by further shrinking the spacing. Meanwhile, the reverse leakage current (<em>J</em><small><sub>R</sub></small>) is lower than 2 μA cm<small><sup>−2</sup></small> (the detection limit of the system) even at a reverse bias (<em>V</em><small><sub>R</sub></small>) of 1250 V. The SnO/β-Ga<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>3</sub></small> HJBS diodes show great promise for use in future β-Ga<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>3</sub></small> power electronic devices with high PFOM, while maintaining a suppressed reverse leakage current.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 20","pages":" 9992-9996"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qiyuan Xie, Yijun Yao, Lei Wu, Ying Xue, Guodong Shen, Changsheng Guo, Bin Du, Hailiang Wu and Yang Jin
{"title":"Design principles of electroluminescent devices based on different electrodes and recent advances toward their application in textiles","authors":"Qiyuan Xie, Yijun Yao, Lei Wu, Ying Xue, Guodong Shen, Changsheng Guo, Bin Du, Hailiang Wu and Yang Jin","doi":"10.1039/D5TC00209E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC00209E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Alternating current electroluminescent (ACEL) devices have become an important direction for the development of visualized smart wearable e-textiles due to their advantages of light weight, flexibility, easy integration, and convenient processing. The electrode layer is a crucial component of ACEL devices, providing the necessary electric field for the dielectric and luminescent layers, and facilitating the stable transport and recombination of electrons and holes in the luminescent layer. Herein, the structural design principles and luminescence mechanisms of ACEL are reviewed, and the newest research and remarkable results of metal-, carbon-, and ion-gel-based electrodes are introduced. This review emphasizes that optimizing the conductive pathways of electrodes, enhancing the interfacial roles of functional layers, and adjusting the thickness and microstructure of layers are crucial for developing high-brightness and stable ACEL devices. Also, increasing the electric field strength and selecting high dielectric constants are identified as key factors. On this basis, the recent progress of ACEL fibers, films, and fabrics in textiles is highlighted. Finally, the challenges and growth encountered in the development of ACEL devices are prospected, considering aspects such as voltage, luminous brightness, color, sensitivity, comfort, and large-scale processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 18","pages":" 8934-8957"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143925372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tong Song, Jie Liang, Xiling Shi and Zhidong Zhang
{"title":"A flexible pressure sensor array based on an ionic gel for pulse detection†","authors":"Tong Song, Jie Liang, Xiling Shi and Zhidong Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D5TC00325C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC00325C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Flexible pressure sensors are widely applied in tactile sensing, gait testing, and wearable devices due to their flexibility and repeatability. However, measuring weaker signals needs ultrahigh sensitivity and an extensive detection range. Herein, we propose a novel ionic–electronic sensor featuring a cavity structure made up of Ag electrodes, a PDMS space layer, and an ionic gel. The latter was created by combining polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), chitosan (CS), and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride (ionic liquid) after three freeze–thaw cycles. This sensor demonstrated remarkable maximum sensitivity of up to 48 584.56 kPa<small><sup>−1</sup></small> within the range of 1–10 kPa, a broad pressure range of 0.1–200 kPa, and excellent repeatability over 1000 loading–unloading cycles. Owing to a capacitive effect, a sensor and array sensor were used to detect pulse signals and space pressure distribution, respectively. The signals of each channel of the array sensor were collected through a data-acquisition system. The main peak of the pulse wave was represented by a histogram, and a three-dimensional (3D) pulse wave shape was reconstructed. The 3D pulse wave provides the possibility for the extraction of waveform characteristics. In conclusion, our sensor could be used in portable wearable and flexible smart electronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 20","pages":" 10356-10366"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao Tan, Weilong Liu, Wenzhuo Li, Hongbo Qi, Xiaojun Zhu, Zhongfang Ji, Jian Cheng, Wenzhi Wu and Qingxin Yang
{"title":"Deep trap state emission in vacancy-ordered double perovskite Cs2SnCl6 microcrystals†","authors":"Chao Tan, Weilong Liu, Wenzhuo Li, Hongbo Qi, Xiaojun Zhu, Zhongfang Ji, Jian Cheng, Wenzhi Wu and Qingxin Yang","doi":"10.1039/D5TC00003C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC00003C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Appropriately doped lead-free double perovskites (LFDPs) or vacancy-ordered double perovskites (VODPs) exhibit efficient and stable white-light emission <em>via</em> self-trapped excitons (STEs), and therefore hold significant potential for applications in lighting and display technologies. However, the intrinsic luminescence of the host is often disregarded when studying the doped materials because most LFDPs or VODPs possess indirect bandgaps or parity-forbidden transitions from conduction band to valence band. Here, we report a weak warm white light emission from pure Cs<small><sub>2</sub></small>SnCl<small><sub>6</sub></small> microcrystals, and attribute this emission to the deep trap state according to the observations of absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The bandgap and structural characteristics of Cs<small><sub>2</sub></small>SnCl<small><sub>6</sub></small> were further illustrated by analyzing the absorption, PL, Raman spectra and PL dynamics under variable pressure and temperature conditions. The emission mechanism of the deep trap levels in Cs<small><sub>2</sub></small>SnCl<small><sub>6</sub></small> microcrystals and their potential impact on the STEs emission were discussed based on the spectroscopic observations.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 21","pages":" 10825-10833"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xinhan Chen, Gaofan Chen, Ya-Nan Feng, Lizhen Zhang, Yan Yu and Lingyun Li
{"title":"Carbon-modulated reduction synthesis of dual-valent Eu-doped La3Si2O8Cl phosphors: single-matrix white LEDs and high-resolution solar-blind UV detection†","authors":"Xinhan Chen, Gaofan Chen, Ya-Nan Feng, Lizhen Zhang, Yan Yu and Lingyun Li","doi":"10.1039/D5TC00504C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5TC00504C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Developing single-component white-light phosphors remains challenging due to the difficulty in achieving dual emission from mixed-valent activators. Herein, we present a carbon-modulated reduction synthesis (CARS) method to fabricate Eu<small><sup>2+</sup></small>/Eu<small><sup>3+</sup></small> co-doped La<small><sub>3</sub></small>Si<small><sub>2</sub></small>O<small><sub>8</sub></small>Cl (LSOCl) phosphors without requiring hazardous reducing atmospheres. By modulating carbon content (Eu : C = 1 : 0–2.4), the Eu<small><sup>2+</sup></small>/Eu<small><sup>3+</sup></small> ratio is effectively controlled, enabling tunable emission from pink to white and yellow under 365 nm UV excitation. The optimized LSOCl:7%Eu (Eu : C = 1 : 1.9) exhibits broadband emission (390–720 nm) with a high color rendering index (<em>R</em><small><sub>a</sub></small> = 85.05), cool white light (5489 K, CIE: 0.33, 0.38), and stable performance under varying currents. Additionally, LSOCl:7%Eu (Eu : C = 1 : 1.4) shows excitation-dependent chromaticity shifts: minimal changes under solar-blind UV (250–280 nm) but dramatic variations at 280–350 nm, facilitating rapid detection. A solar-blind UV detector was designed, demonstrating fast response, high resolution (50% CIE shift at 330 nm), and anti-interference capability. The CARS method offers an eco-friendly, scalable route for dual-emission phosphors, showcasing their dual utility in high-quality white LEDs and sensitive UV detection technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 21","pages":" 10899-10905"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ferroelectric polarization in 2D halide hybrid perovskites: influence on bulk crystals, thin films, and applications","authors":"Raja Sekhar Muddam and Lethy Krishnan Jagadamma","doi":"10.1039/D4TC05289G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC05289G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Ferroelectric materials undergo spontaneous polarization that can be reversed by applying an external electric field. This property plays the most important role in applications such as logic gates, microwave communications, piezo energy harvesting, memory storage such as ferroelectric random-access memory (FeRAM), and ferroelectric sensors and actuators. Recently, hybrid halide perovskites (HHPs) have started demonstrating impressive ferroelectric properties in addition to their excellent photovoltaic performance. Compared to traditional oxide perovskites and organic ferroelectric materials, HHPs have the advantage that they can be simple solution-processed yet with immaculate crystal quality which is suitable for realizing next-generation thin film flexible electronics and FeRAM in neuromorphic computing. This review focuses on the current status of ferroelectric properties of two-dimensional (2D) halide perovskite single crystals and covers the limited reports available on thin film HHPs. Furthermore, we explain the challenges in the ferroelectric characterization of thin film HHPs and compare them with those of single crystals.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 21","pages":" 10488-10506"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2025/tc/d4tc05289g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficient solar steam generation enabled by nanolamellar λ-Ti3O5 based on designing the bandgap through morphology modulation†","authors":"Tingting Yuan, Yudong Wang, Na Jin and Jinwen Ye","doi":"10.1039/D4TC05498A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC05498A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Solar steam generation has attracted wide interest in desalination and sewage purification due to its cost-effectiveness and environmental friendliness. However, the low evaporation rate and energy utilization efficiency limit the further application of the evaporation system. In order to solve the above problems, a lot of efforts have been made in the development of new materials. With excellent semiconductor properties and photothermal performance, titanium suboxides (Ti<small><sub><em>n</em></sub></small>O<small><sub>2<em>n</em>−1</sub></small>) are considered as promising materials used as the photothermal conversion materials (PTCMs). However, less emphasis is placed on how crucial it is to adjust the grain size of Ti<small><sub><em>n</em></sub></small>O<small><sub>2<em>n</em>−1</sub></small> in order to design the bandgap and improve evaporation performance. Therefore, in this work, we report a pathway to modulate the grain size and morphology to prepare nanolamellar λ-Ti<small><sub>3</sub></small>O<small><sub>5</sub></small> (NL-T3). The tuned λ-Ti<small><sub>3</sub></small>O<small><sub>5</sub></small> has a narrower bandgap and can thus generate more electron–hole pairs under solar irradiation, with up to 92.2% solar absorptivity and 91.7% photothermal conversion efficiency. And the lamellar morphology has a remarkably high specific surface area of 131.3 m<small><sup>2</sup></small> g<small><sup>−1</sup></small>, which makes NL-T3 have superior hydrophilicity. Its application in a structurally optimized 3D evaporation system achieved an evaporation rate of 6.41 kg m<small><sup>−2</sup></small> h<small><sup>−1</sup></small> and superior cycling performance under long-term use. This study emphasizes the importance of modulation of morphology for semiconductor PTCMs and provides a theoretical basis for their subsequent efficient application in the solar field.</p>","PeriodicalId":84,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry C","volume":" 20","pages":" 10367-10377"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}