{"title":"Bioinspired colloidal crystal hydrogel pressure sensors with Janus wettability for uterus cervical canal tension perception†","authors":"Yufei Chen, Yuan Zhou, Lihao Zhang, Yue Cao, Sunlong Li, Weipeng Lu, Zheng Mao, Zhiwei Jiang, Ying Wang, Cihui Liu and Qian Dong","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01220H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01220H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The pursuit of flexible, sensitive, and cost-effective pressure sensors plays a pivotal role in medical diagnostics, particularly in the domain of cervical health monitoring. However, significant challenges remain in the economical production of flexible piezoresistive materials and the integration of microstructures aimed at enhancing sensor sensitivity. This urge highlights the use of innovative, stable hydrogel films that demonstrate robust adherence to soft biological tissues, thereby enabling prolonged bio-signal monitoring. In this study, we introduce an innovative integration of a flexible pressure electrical signal sensor with structural color hydrogel scaffolds. This integration leverages the tunability of the inverse opal structure to fine-tune the scaffold's adherence to the endocervical wall under varying environmental conditions and to amplify the sensitivity of pressure measurements. Our findings indicate that this novel approach holds promise for substantial enhancements in the manufacturing and functional capabilities of cervical pressure sensors, potentially revolutionizing personalized medical treatments and improving patient monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiang Zhou, Jingjing Zhou, Lanlan Wang, Bingbing Zhao, Yukun Ma, Ni Zhang, Wei Chen and Dechun Huang
{"title":"Size-tailored and acid-degradable polyvinyl alcohol microgels for inhalation therapy of bacterial pneumonia†","authors":"Xiang Zhou, Jingjing Zhou, Lanlan Wang, Bingbing Zhao, Yukun Ma, Ni Zhang, Wei Chen and Dechun Huang","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01224K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01224K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Administration of antibiotics <em>via</em> inhalation is considered an effective strategy for pneumonia treatment; however, it encounters challenges related to the development of drug formulations with precise particle sizes and controlled release profiles. Herein, size-tailored and acid-degradable polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microgels are utilized for nebulized inhalation delivery of piperacillin (PIP) antibiotics to effectively treat pneumonia. These microgels loaded with PIP (G@PIP) were prepared through the UV-crosslinking of thermo-triggered vinyl ether methacrylate-functionalized PVA (PVA<small><sub>VEMA</sub></small>) micro-aggregates in aqueous solution. The size of G@PIP microgels could be tailored by adjusting concentrations during the crosslinking process above phase-transition temperature at 15 °C. Additionally, under simulated inflammatory acidic conditions, the G@PIP microgels degraded and released PIP with relatively high inhibition efficiency against <em>E. coli</em>. Furthermore, <em>in vivo</em> therapeutic outcomes revealed that inhalational delivery of G@PIP microgel with a medium-size of 3.5 μm (G-3.5@PIP) exhibited superior lung deposition compared to other microgel sizes owing to its reduced exhalation and enhanced diffusion capacity within the pulmonary system. The high accumulation of G-3.5@PIP significantly reduced <em>E. coli</em> infection and associated inflammation while maintaining the biocompatibility of the microgels. Overall, these acid-degradable PVA microgels offer a versatile and efficacious inhalation therapy for pneumonia-associated infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhuo Wan, Yike Gao, Yingbo Wang, Xianghao Zhang, Xiyin Gao, Tuanfeng Zhou, Zhishan Zhang, Zijian Li, Yunfei Lin, Bing Wang, Kun Chen, Yang Wang, Chenggang Duan and Zuoying Yuan
{"title":"High-purity butoxydibutylborane catalysts enable the low-exothermic polymerization of PMMA bone cement with enhanced biocompatibility and osseointegration†","authors":"Zhuo Wan, Yike Gao, Yingbo Wang, Xianghao Zhang, Xiyin Gao, Tuanfeng Zhou, Zhishan Zhang, Zijian Li, Yunfei Lin, Bing Wang, Kun Chen, Yang Wang, Chenggang Duan and Zuoying Yuan","doi":"10.1039/D4TB00967C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB00967C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) based biomaterials have been widely utilized in clinics. However, currently, PMMA catalyzed by benzoyl peroxide (BPO) exhibits disquieting disadvantages including an exothermic polymerization reaction and a lack of bioactivity. Here, we first designed three industrial-scale synthesis methods for high-purity butoxydibutylborane (BODBB), achieving purity levels greater than 95% (maximum: 97.6%) and ensuring excellent fire safety. By utilizing BODBB as a catalyst, the highest polymerization temperature of PMMA bone cement (PMMA–BODBB) reached only 36.05 °C, ensuring that no thermal damage occurred after implantation. Compared to PMMA catalyzed by BPO and partially oxidized tributylborane (TBBO, catalyst of Super Bond C&B), PMMA–BODBB exhibited superior cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenesis, attributed to the reduced release of free radicals and toxic monomer, and moderate bioactive boron release. After injection into a 5 mm defect in the rat cranial bone, PMMA–BODBB demonstrated the highest level of osteointegration. This work not only presents an industrial-scale synthesis of high-purity BODBB, but also offers an innovative PMMA biomaterial system with intrinsic biocompatibility and osseointegration, paving the way for the next generation of PMMA-based biomaterials with broader applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hui Wen Yong, Seyed Mohammad Amin Ojagh, Gabriel Théberge-Julien, Laura Sofia Reyes Castellanos, Faiza Tebbji, Theo G. M. van de Ven, Adnane Sellam, Éric Rhéaume, Jean-Claude Tardif and Ashok Kakkar
{"title":"Soft nanoparticles as antimicrobial agents and carriers of microbiocides for enhanced inhibition activity†","authors":"Hui Wen Yong, Seyed Mohammad Amin Ojagh, Gabriel Théberge-Julien, Laura Sofia Reyes Castellanos, Faiza Tebbji, Theo G. M. van de Ven, Adnane Sellam, Éric Rhéaume, Jean-Claude Tardif and Ashok Kakkar","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01200C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01200C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Antibiotic resistance continues to pose significant health challenges. Considering severe limitations in the discovery and supply of new antibiotics, there is an unmet need to design alternative and more effective strategies for addressing this global issue. Use of polymeric nanoparticles with cationic shell surfaces offers a highly promising approach to coupling their inherent bactericidal action with sustained delivery of small lipophilic microbicides. We have utilized this platform for assembling multi-tasking soft core–shell nanoparticles from star polymers with the desired asymmetric arm composition. These stable nanoparticles with low critical micelle concentration imparted intrinsic antimicrobial potency due to high positive charge density in the corona, as well as the loading of active biocidal agents (such as curcumin and terbinafine) for potential dual and coadjuvant inhibition. This strategic combination allows for both immediate (direct contact) and extended (drug delivery) antibacterial activities for better therapeutic efficacy. Micellar nanoparticles with and without therapeutic cargo were highly efficient against both <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>) and <em>Bacillus subtilis</em> (<em>B. subtilis</em>), representative Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, respectively. Interestingly, we observed bacteria- and concentration-dependent effects, in which higher concentrations of charged nanoparticles were more effective against <em>E. coli</em>, whereas <em>B. subtilis</em> was inhibited only at lower concentrations. This work highlights a valuable platform to achieve combination therapy through nanoparticles with charged coronas and delivery of potent therapeutics to overcome antimicrobial resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An enhanced non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor based on the Bi2S3–TiO2 nanocomposite with HNTs for the individual and simultaneous detection of 4-nitrophenol and nitrofurantoin in environmental samples†","authors":"Srujan Basavapura Ravikumar, Trishul Alanahalli Mallu, Sirisha Subbareddy, Santhosh Arehalli Shivamurthy, Varun Donnakatte Neelalochana, Karthik Chimatahalli Shantakumar, Jothi Ramalingam Rajabathar, Narges Ataollahi and Sandeep Shadakshari","doi":"10.1039/D3TB03054G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D3TB03054G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In the current era of rapid population growth, there has been an increase in resource consumption and the subsequent release of organic pollutants into water bodies by various industries. To address this issue, we have developed a nanocomposite material, Bi<small><sub>2</sub></small>S<small><sub>3</sub></small>–TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small>/HNTs, for electrochemical sensors capable of simultaneously detecting nitrofurantoin (NFT) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) contaminants. The nanocomposite material was synthesized using a novel one-pot sol–gel method, and its structural morphology was characterized using techniques such as FE-SEM, FT-IR, HR-TEM, and XRD. The electrochemical sensor exhibited a remarkably low limit of detection (3.2 nM for NFT and 3.5 nM for 4-NP) and a wide concentration range from 0 μM to 260 μM for both NFT and 4-NP, demonstrating their high sensitivity and accuracy for pollutant detection, and furthermore its potential for real-world application was assessed considering pond and tap water as real samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anton Smirnov, Francisco Guitián, Joaquín Ramirez-Rico and José F. Bartolomé
{"title":"A zirconia/tantalum biocermet: in vitro and in vivo evaluation for biomedical implant applications","authors":"Anton Smirnov, Francisco Guitián, Joaquín Ramirez-Rico and José F. Bartolomé","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01158A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01158A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A biocermet made of zirconia/20 vol% tantalum (3Y-TZP/Ta) is a new composite with exceptional capabilities due to a combination of properties that are rarely achieved in conventional materials (high strength and toughness, cyclic fatigue resistance and flaw tolerance, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, electrical conductivity, <em>etc.</em>). In this study, for the first time, the biomedical performance of a 3Y-TZP/Ta biocermet was evaluated in detail. Its <em>in vitro</em> biocompatibility was assessed using mesenchymal stem cell culture. The effectiveness of <em>in vivo</em> osteointegration of the biocermet was confirmed 6 months after implantation into the proximal tibiae of New Zealand white rabbits. In addition, the possibility of using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for medical analysis of the considered biocermet material was studied. The 3Y-TZP/Ta composite showed no injurious effect on cell morphology, extracellular matrix production or cell proliferation. Moreover, the implanted biocermet appeared to be capable of promoting bone growth without adverse reactions. On the other hand, this biocermet demonstrates artefact-free performance in MRI biomedical image analysis studies, making it more suitable for implant applications. These findings open up possibilities for a wide range of applications of these materials in orthopedics, dentistry and other areas such as replacement of hard tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/tb/d4tb01158a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Denise B. Pistonesi, Federico Belén, Juan M. Ruso, M. Eugenia Centurión, M. Gabriela Sica, Marcelo F. Pistonesi and Paula V. Messina
{"title":"NIR-responsive nano-holed titanium alloy surfaces: a photothermally activated antimicrobial biointerface†","authors":"Denise B. Pistonesi, Federico Belén, Juan M. Ruso, M. Eugenia Centurión, M. Gabriela Sica, Marcelo F. Pistonesi and Paula V. Messina","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01307G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01307G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Among external stimuli-responsive therapy approaches, those using near infrared (NIR) light irradiation have attracted significant attention to treat bone-related diseases and bone tissue regeneration. Therefore, the development of metallic biomaterials sensitive to NIR stimuli is an important area of research in orthopaedics. In this study, we have generated <em>in situ</em> prism-shaped silver nanoparticles (p-AgNPs) in a biomorphic nano-holed TiO<small><sub>2</sub></small> coating on a Ti6Al4V alloy (a-Ti6Al4V). Insertion of p-AgNPs does not disturb the periodically arranged sub-wavelength-sized unit cell on the a-Ti6Al4V dielectric structure, while they exacerbate its peculiar optical response, which results in a higher NIR reflectivity and high efficiency of NIR photothermal energy conversion suitable to bacterial annihilation. Together, these results open a promising path toward strategic bone therapeutic procedures, providing novel insights into precision medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141984244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mingye Li, Yuyu Dong, Zheng Wang, Yanjun Zhao, Yujie Dai and Baoxin Zhang
{"title":"Engineering hypoxia-responsive 6-aminonicotinamide prodrugs for on-demand NADPH depletion and redox manipulation†","authors":"Mingye Li, Yuyu Dong, Zheng Wang, Yanjun Zhao, Yujie Dai and Baoxin Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01338G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01338G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a promising target in cancer therapy. However, poor cellular uptake and off-target toxicity have impeded the clinical translation of a canonical G6PD inhibitor (6-aminonicotinamide/6AN). Here, we report a prodrug strategy to address this issue. The tailored 6AN prodrug contains an azo-bearing protection moiety. The hydrophobic prodrug showed increased cellular uptake than 6AN and was vulnerable to hypoxia, resulting in NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase 1 (NQO1)-triggered cleavage of azo bonds. Intriguingly, the prodrug showed configuration-dependent anti-cancer potency. Despite the lower thermodynamic stability, the <em>cis</em> isomer showed enhanced cellular uptake compared to the <em>trans</em> counterpart due to the increased aqueous solubility. Moreover, the boosted potency of the <em>cis</em> isomer compared to the <em>trans</em> isomer arose from the enhancement of NOQ1-catalyzed 6AN release under hypoxia, a hallmark of solid tumors. The discovery of hypoxia-responsive 6AN prodrugs in the current work opens up new avenues for G6PD-targeting cancer medicines.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuanyuan You, Songling Lin, Chengwei Tang, Yuchao Li, Dingyuan Yan, Dong Wang and Xiaohui Chen
{"title":"Dual-/multi-organelle-targeted AIE probes associated with oxidative stress for biomedical applications","authors":"Yuanyuan You, Songling Lin, Chengwei Tang, Yuchao Li, Dingyuan Yan, Dong Wang and Xiaohui Chen","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01440E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01440E","url":null,"abstract":"<p > <em>In situ</em> monitoring of biological processes between different organelles upon oxidative stress is one of the most important research hotspots. Fluorescence imaging is especially suitable for biomedical applications due to its distinct advantages of high spatiotemporal resolution, high sensitivity, non-invasiveness, and <em>in situ</em> monitoring capabilities. However, most fluorescent probes can only achieve light-up imaging of single organelles, thus the combined use of two or more probes is usually required for monitoring biological processes between organelles, which can suffer from tedious staining and washing procedures, increased cytotoxicity and poor photostability. Exogenetic oxidants can affect broad-spectrum subcellular organelles, which are not conducive to <em>in situ</em> monitoring of biological processes between specific organelles. To tackle these challenges, a series of dual-/multi-organelle-targeted aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probes associated with oxidative stress have been designed and developed in the past few years. Herein, the recent progress of these AIE probes is summarized in biomedical applications, such as apoptosis monitoring, interplay between organelles, microenvironmental changes of organelles, organelle morphology tracking, precise cancer therapy, and so forth. Moreover, the further outlook for dual-/multi-organelle-targeted AIE probes is discussed, aiming to promote innovative research in biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carlos Arias-Mainer, Francisco Romero-Gavilán, Andreia Cerqueira, David Peñarocha-Oltra, Juan Carlos Bernabeu-Mira, Félix Elortza, Mikel Azkargorta, Mariló Gurruchaga, Isabel Goñi and Julio Suay
{"title":"Combining sandblasting and pink anodisation of Ti implants as a promising method for improving fibroblast adhesion and immune response†","authors":"Carlos Arias-Mainer, Francisco Romero-Gavilán, Andreia Cerqueira, David Peñarocha-Oltra, Juan Carlos Bernabeu-Mira, Félix Elortza, Mikel Azkargorta, Mariló Gurruchaga, Isabel Goñi and Julio Suay","doi":"10.1039/D4TB00992D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB00992D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study examined the effect of combining the sandblasting and anodising of titanium alloys used in implants on the cell response and protein adsorption patterns. The titanium samples were divided into four groups depending on the surface treatment: machining (MC), pink anodisation (PA), sandblasting (MC04) and a combination of the last two (MC04 + PA). Their physicochemical properties were analysed by SEM/EDX, Raman, contact angle measurements and profilometry. <em>In vitro</em> responses were examined using human gingival fibroblastic (HGF) cells and THP-1 macrophages. Cytokine secretion, macrophage adhesion and gene expression were measured by ELISA, confocal microscopy and RT-PCR. Cell adhesion and collagen secretion were evaluated in HGF cultures. The adsorption of immune and regenerative proteins onto the surfaces was assessed employing <em>n</em>LC-MS/MS. MC04 + PA surfaces exhibited a change in the roughness, chemical composition and hydrophilicity of the material, showing more elongated HGF cells and a considerable increase in the area of cells exposed to the MC04 + PA surfaces. Moreover, cells cultured on MC04 + PA generally showed a reduction in the expression of proinflammatory genes (TNF-α, MCP-1, C5, NF-kB and ICAM-1) and an increase in the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-4. These results correlated with the proteomic data; we found preferential adsorption of proteins favouring cell adhesion, such as DSC1 and PCOC1. A considerable reduction in the adsorption of immunoglobulins and proteins associated with acute inflammatory response (including SAA4) was also observed. The study highlights the potential advantages of MC04 + PA surface treatment to modify dental implant abutments; it enhances their compatibility with soft tissues and reduces the inflammatory response.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}