Yanan Jiang, Fanying Meng, Zhenghong Ge, Yuxiao Zhou, Zhen Fan and Jianzhong Du
{"title":"Bioinspired peptide/polyamino acid assemblies as quorum sensing inhibitors for the treatment of bacterial infections","authors":"Yanan Jiang, Fanying Meng, Zhenghong Ge, Yuxiao Zhou, Zhen Fan and Jianzhong Du","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01685H","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01685H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Insufficient development of new antibiotics and the rise in antimicrobial resistance are putting the world at risk of losing curative medicines against bacterial infection. Quorum sensing is a type of cellular signaling for cell-to-cell communication that plays critical roles in biofilm formation and antimicrobial resistance, and is expected to be a new type of effective target for drug resistant bacteria. In this review we highlight recent advances in bioinspired peptide/polyamino acid assemblies as quorum sensing inhibitors across various microbial communities. In addition, existing obstacles and future development directions of peptide/polyamino acid assemblies as quorum sensing inhibitors were proposed for broader clinical applications and translations. Overall, quorum sensing peptide/polyamino acid assemblies could be vital tools against bacterial infection and antimicrobial resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 45","pages":" 11596-11610"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sonam Raghav, Prashant Hitaishi, Rajendra P. Giri, Archana Mukherjee, Veerendra K. Sharma and Sajal K. Ghosh
{"title":"Selective assembly and insertion of ubiquicidin antimicrobial peptide in lipid monolayers","authors":"Sonam Raghav, Prashant Hitaishi, Rajendra P. Giri, Archana Mukherjee, Veerendra K. Sharma and Sajal K. Ghosh","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01487A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01487A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Antimicrobial-resistant bacteria pose a significant threat to humans, prompting extensive research into developing new antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The biomembrane is the first barrier of a biological cell, hence, comprehending the interaction and self-assembly of AMPs in and around such membranes is of great importance. In the present study, several biophysical techniques have been applied to explore the self-assembly of ubiquicidin (29–41), an archetypical AMP, in and around the phospholipid monolayers formed at air–water interface. Such a monolayer mimics one of the leaflets of a lipid bilayer. The surface pressure–area isotherm exhibits the strongest interaction with a negatively charged lipid, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-<em>sn-glycero</em>-3-phospho-(1′-<em>rac</em>-glycerol) (sodium salt) (DPPG). The weakest affinity was towards the zwitterionic lipid, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-<em>sn-glycero</em>-3-phosphocholine (DPPC). Another zwitterionic lipid, 1,2-dipalmitoyl-<em>sn-glycero</em>-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE), shows an intermediate affinity. This affinity was quantified by analyzing alterations in the effective mean molecular area of the lipid, the in-plane compressional modulus of the assembly, and the electrostatic potential induced by the presence of peptides. The precise organization of the peptide around the lipid monolayer at a sub-nanometre length scale was revealed using synchrotron-based X-ray reflectivity measurements from the air–water interface. Information about the selective interaction of the peptide with lipids and their varied orientation at the lipid–water interface could be useful in understanding the selectivity of AMP in developing new antibiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 45","pages":" 11731-11745"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer Tersteegen, Isabell Tunn, Ma Sand, Teemu Välisalmi, Maaria Malkamäki, Julie-Anne Gandier, Grégory Beaune, Alba Sanz-Velasco, Eduardo Anaya-Plaza and Markus B. Linder
{"title":"Recombinant silk protein condensates show widely different properties depending on the sample background†","authors":"Jennifer Tersteegen, Isabell Tunn, Ma Sand, Teemu Välisalmi, Maaria Malkamäki, Julie-Anne Gandier, Grégory Beaune, Alba Sanz-Velasco, Eduardo Anaya-Plaza and Markus B. Linder","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01422G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01422G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >There is an increasing understanding that condensation is a crucial intermediate step in the assembly of biological materials and for a multitude of cellular processes. To apply and to understand these mechanisms, <em>in vitro</em> biophysical characterisation techniques are central. The formation and biophysical properties of protein condensates depend on a multitude of factors, such as protein concentration, pH, temperature, salt concentration, and presence of other biomolecules as well as protein purification and storage conditions. Here we show how critical the procedures for preparing protein samples for <em>in vitro</em> studies are. We compare two purification methods of the recombinant spider silk protein CBM-AQ12-CBM and study the effect of background molecules, such as DNA, on the formation and properties of the condensates. We characterize the condensates using aggregation induced emitters (AIEs), coalescence studies, and micropipette aspiration. The condensated sample containing background molecules exhibit a lower threshold concentration for condensate formation accompanied by a lower surface tension and longer coalescence time when compared to the pure protein condensates. Furthermore, the partitioning of small AIEs is enhanced in the presence of background molecules. Our results highlight that the purification method and remaining background molecules strongly affect the biophysical properties of spider silk condensates. Using the acquired knowledge about spider silk protein purification we derive guidelines for reproducible condensate formation that will foster the use of spider silk proteins as adhesives or carriers for biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 46","pages":" 11953-11967"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/tb/d4tb01422g?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qingqing Pan, Haofu Tang, Li Xie, Huang Zhu, Di Wu, Rong Liu, Bin He and Yuji Pu
{"title":"Recent advances in phototherapeutic nanosystems for oral cancer","authors":"Qingqing Pan, Haofu Tang, Li Xie, Huang Zhu, Di Wu, Rong Liu, Bin He and Yuji Pu","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01919A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01919A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Oral cancer is a significant global health challenge, with conventional treatments often resulting in substantial side effects and limited effectiveness. Phototherapy, encompassing photodynamic and photothermal therapy, presents a promising alternative by selectively targeting and destroying cancer cells with minimal systemic toxicity. However, issues such as insufficient light penetration and limited tumor specificity have restricted their clinical use. Recent advancements in nanosystems have addressed these challenges by enhancing the solubility, stability, and tumor-targeting capabilities of phototherapy agents. This review delves into the latest advancements in phototherapeutic nanosystems for oral cancer, focusing on the design of innovative nanoformulations and targeted delivery strategies. Additionally, it summarizes recent approaches to enhance the efficacy of photodynamic therapy for oral cancer and examines phototherapy-based combination treatments. These advancements hold the promise of significantly improving treatment outcomes while minimizing side effects in oral cancer therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 45","pages":" 11560-11572"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wan-Chun Luo, Li-Na Bao, Yu Zhang, Zi-Tong Zhang, Xi Li, Meng-Meng Pan, Jin-Tao Zhang, Kun Huang, Yu Xu and Li Xu
{"title":"A Ru3+-functionalized-NMOF nanozyme as an inhibitor and disaggregator of β-amyloid aggregates†","authors":"Wan-Chun Luo, Li-Na Bao, Yu Zhang, Zi-Tong Zhang, Xi Li, Meng-Meng Pan, Jin-Tao Zhang, Kun Huang, Yu Xu and Li Xu","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01313A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01313A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Alzheimer's disease (AD) heavily impacts human lives and is becoming serious as societies age. Inhibiting and disaggregating β-amyloid aggregates is a possible solution for AD therapy. In this study, a novel type of nanozyme based on Ru<small><sup>3+</sup></small>-chelated nanoscale metal organic frameworks (Ru<small><sup>3+</sup></small>-NMOFs), displaying strong peroxidase-like activity, was proposed as an inhibitor and disaggregator of β-amyloid aggregates. As a high concentration of hydrogen peroxide is present at the sites of β-amyloid aggregates, Ru<small><sup>3+</sup></small>-NMOFs could catalyze the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to hydroxyl radicals. Thus, these hydroxyl radicals would attack the β-amyloid chain, oxidizing it to enhance its hydrophilicity, which results in a decreased hydrophobic interaction and reduced degree of aggregation. Ru<small><sup>3+</sup></small>-NMOFs could effectively inhibit as well as disaggregate β-amyloid fibrils both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>. Additionally, the reduction of the β-amyloid aggregates and the attenuation of reactive oxygen species transfer led to lower levels of inflammatory factors, which could be beneficial in alleviating AD symptoms. In a typical treatment, Ru<small><sup>3+</sup></small>-NMOFs could mitigate the paralysis of <em>C. elegans</em> CL2120 and elevate survival rates. This study opens a new avenue for MOF-based nanozymes as potential treatment agents for AD therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 47","pages":" 12239-12250"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haoqi Yang, Ziyong Wu, Shujuan Sun, Shusheng Zhang and Pengfei Shi
{"title":"A DNA nanowire based-DNAzyme walker for amplified imaging of microRNA in tumor cells†","authors":"Haoqi Yang, Ziyong Wu, Shujuan Sun, Shusheng Zhang and Pengfei Shi","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01703J","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01703J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Sensitive imaging of microRNAs (miRNAs) in tumor cells holds great significance in the domains of pathology, drug development, and personalized diagnosis and treatment. DNA nanostructures possess excellent biostability and programmability and are suitable as carriers for intracellular imaging probes. With its highly controllable motion mechanism and remarkable target recognition specificity, the DNA walker is an ideal tool for living cell imaging. Here, we report a DNA nanowire based-DNAzyme Walker (D-Walker), which loads the DNAzyme based-molecular beacon (D-MB) onto DNA nanowires (NWs) functionalized with aptamers. The experimental results demonstrated that the intracellular target miRNA can specifically activate the pre-locked DNAzyme through a strand displacement reaction, thereby triggering the cleavage of its substrate molecular beacon (MB) and subsequent fluorescence emission. NWs decorated with aptamers can effectively prevent the degradation of the D-Walker by nuclease, and can enter target cells without any transfection reagents, which enhances the stability and reliability of cell imaging. Furthermore, the D-Walker exhibited a remarkable sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) of 61 pM and was capable of distinguishing miRNA-21 from other closely related family members. This study provides a novel strategy for intracellular miRNA imaging, offering a promising tool for cancer diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 44","pages":" 11381-11388"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Linlin Fan, Hua Qu, Bo Wang, Hong-zheng Li, Wen-wen Yang, Hao Guo, Shan-shan Zhang, Lin-zi Long, Yajun Liu, Gang Zhou, Chang-geng Fu and Jing Liu
{"title":"Delivery of liquid metal particles and tanshinone IIA into the pericardial cavity for myocardial infarction treatment†","authors":"Linlin Fan, Hua Qu, Bo Wang, Hong-zheng Li, Wen-wen Yang, Hao Guo, Shan-shan Zhang, Lin-zi Long, Yajun Liu, Gang Zhou, Chang-geng Fu and Jing Liu","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01274G","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01274G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Owing to their inherent flexibility and excellent biocompatibility, liquid metals (LMs) have been explored at the frontiers of clinical therapy. Herein, a LM and tanshinone IIA (TA) drugs were dispersed into sodium alginate (SA) solution by ultrasonication to prepare SA/LM/TA, which is an injectable biomaterial for stable drug release and intrapericardial injection for the treatment of myocardial infarction (MI). The SA/LM/TA has a low viscosity and can be injected smoothly using a syringe. In rat models of MI, we demonstrated that SA/LM/TA injection in the pericardial cavity is a biosafe and effective method to deliver a carrier containing LM particles and TA drugs for MI treatment. After injection, the drug release is slow and stable in the pericardial cavity, increasing the cardiac retention of drugs. After surgery and treatment for 7 days, the cardiac function of rats improved compared with the control group and the TA direct injection group. The intrapericardial injection of SA/LM/TA improves cardiac functions and mitigates cardiac remodeling post myocardial infarction of rats. Overall, the present study establishes a therapeutic strategy for treatment of myocardial infarction by intrapericardial injection of SA/LM/TA and expands the application categories of LM biomaterials in disease treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 46","pages":" 11916-11925"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruixue Han, Kehan Du, Shengke Li, Minzan Zuo, Ponmani Jeyakkumar, Hao Jiang, Leyong Wang and Xiao-Yu Hu
{"title":"A guanidiniocarbonyl-pyrrole functionalized cucurbit[7]uril derivative as a cytomembrane disruptor for synergistic antibacterial therapy†","authors":"Ruixue Han, Kehan Du, Shengke Li, Minzan Zuo, Ponmani Jeyakkumar, Hao Jiang, Leyong Wang and Xiao-Yu Hu","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01840K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01840K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The antibiotic resistance of bacterial membranes poses a significant threat to global public health, highlighting the urgent need for novel therapeutic agents and strategies to combat bacterial membranes. In response, we have developed a novel macrocyclic host molecule (<strong>GCPCB</strong>) based on guanidiniocarbonyl-pyrrole (<strong>GCP</strong>) functionalized cucurbit[7]uril with an aggregation-induced luminescence effect. <strong>GCPCB</strong> exhibits high antimicrobial potency against bacterial membranes, particularly demonstrating strong antibacterial activity against Gram-positive strains of <em>S. aureus</em> and Gram-negative strains of <em>E. coli</em>. Significantly, due to the strong binding between <strong>GCP</strong> and the bacterial membrane, <strong>GCPCB</strong> can effectively eradicate the bacteria encapsulated within. Furthermore, the formation of a host–guest complex between <strong>GCPCB</strong> and berberine hydrochloride (<strong>BH</strong>) not only enhances synergistic destructive activity against both species of bacteria but also provides a potential supramolecular platform for effective bacterial membrane destruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 43","pages":" 11105-11109"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Magro Hernández, A. Muñoz-Noval, J. A. Briz, J. R. Murias, A. Espinosa-Rodríguez, L. M. Fraile, F. Agulló-Rueda, M. D. Ynsa, C. Tavares de Sousa, B. Cortés-Llanos, G. García López, E. Nácher, V. García-Tavora, N. Mont i Geli, A. Nerio, V. V. Onecha, M. Pallàs, A. Tarifeño, O. Tengblad, M. Manso Silván and S. Viñals
{"title":"Iodine-substituted hydroxyapatite nanoparticles and activation of derived ceramics for range verification in proton therapy","authors":"R. Magro Hernández, A. Muñoz-Noval, J. A. Briz, J. R. Murias, A. Espinosa-Rodríguez, L. M. Fraile, F. Agulló-Rueda, M. D. Ynsa, C. Tavares de Sousa, B. Cortés-Llanos, G. García López, E. Nácher, V. García-Tavora, N. Mont i Geli, A. Nerio, V. V. Onecha, M. Pallàs, A. Tarifeño, O. Tengblad, M. Manso Silván and S. Viñals","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01391C","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01391C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Osteosarcoma is a radioresistant cancer, and proton therapy is a promising radiation alternative for treating cancer with the advantage of a high dose concentration in the tumor area. In this work, we propose the use of iodine-substituted hydroxyapatite (IHAP) nanomaterials to use iodine (<small><sup>127</sup></small>I) as a proton radiation tracer, providing access to range verification studies in mineralized tissues. For this purpose, the nanomaterials were synthesized at four iodine concentrations <em>via</em> hydrothermal synthesis. The materials were characterized <em>via</em> different microstructural techniques to identify an optimal high iodine concentration and pure apatite phase nanomaterial. Finally, such pure IHAP powders were shaped and irradiated with proton beams of 6 and 10 MeV, and their activation was demonstrated through subsequent decay analysis. The materials could be integrated into phantom structures for the verification of doses and ranges of protons prior to animal testing and clinical proton therapy treatments of tumors located deep under combined soft and calcified tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 46","pages":" 12030-12037"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wencui Li, Liying Liu, Xiaoting Li, Hu Ren, Lu Zhang, Mohammad Khalid Parvez, Mohammed S. Al-Dosari, Liming Fan and Jianqiang Liu
{"title":"A Ni(ii)MOF-based hypersensitive dual-function luminescent sensor towards the 3-nitrotyrosine biomarker and 6-propyl-2-thiouracil antithyroid drug in urine†","authors":"Wencui Li, Liying Liu, Xiaoting Li, Hu Ren, Lu Zhang, Mohammad Khalid Parvez, Mohammed S. Al-Dosari, Liming Fan and Jianqiang Liu","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01618A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01618A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Trace detection of bioactive small molecules (BSMs) in body fluids is of great importance for disease diagnosis, drug discovery, and health monitoring. Based on the chiral ligand of 4,4′-(1,2-dihydroxyethane-1,2-diyl)dibenzoic acid (H<small><sub>2</sub></small>L), an achiral 3D porous Ni(<small>II</small>)-MOF, with a trinuclear cluster based (3,9)-c {4<small><sup>2</sup></small>·6}<small><sub>3</sub></small>{4<small><sup>6</sup></small>·6<small><sup>21</sup></small>·8<small><sup>9</sup></small>}-xmz net, was constructed under solvothermal conditions. Benefiting from its robust framework and excellent luminescent performance, NiMOF was endowed with remarkable capabilities in efficiently, rapidly, and sensitively detecting the 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) biomarker and 6-propyl-2-thiouracil (6-PTU) thyroid drug based on the spectral overlap and photo-induced electron transfer (PET) caused luminescence quenching response. Notably, NiMOF exhibited exceptional performance in quantifying 3-NT and 6-PTU in urine samples, yielding highly satisfactory results. Additionally, an intelligent detection system was crafted to enhance the reliability and practicability of 3-NT/6-PTU detection in urine, based on tandem combinational logic gates. This work not only heralds a promising trajectory in the development of MOF-based luminescent sensors, but also paves the way for the intelligent monitoring of BSMs in real bodily fluids.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 45","pages":" 11800-11809"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}