Dong Joon Lee, Yu Cao, Vinayak Juvekar, Sauraj, Choong-Kyun Noh, Sung Jae Shin, Zhihong Liu and Hwan Myung Kim
{"title":"Development of a small molecule-based two-photon photosensitizer for targeting cancer cells†","authors":"Dong Joon Lee, Yu Cao, Vinayak Juvekar, Sauraj, Choong-Kyun Noh, Sung Jae Shin, Zhihong Liu and Hwan Myung Kim","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01706D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01706D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Photodynamic therapy (PDT) employing two-photon (TP) excitation is increasingly recognized to induce cell damage selectively in targeted areas, underscoring the importance of developing TP photosensitizers (TP-PSs). In this study, we developed <strong>BSe-B</strong>, a novel PS that combines a selenium containing dye with biotin, a cancer-selective ligand, and is optimized for TP excitation. <strong>BSe-B</strong> demonstrated enhanced cancer selectivity, efficient generation of type-I based reactive oxygen species (ROS), low dark toxicity, and excellent cell-staining capability. Evaluation across diverse cell lines (HeLa, A549, OVCAR-3, WI-38, and L-929) demonstrated that <strong>BSe-B</strong> differentiated and targeted cancer cells while sparing normal cells. <strong>BSe-B</strong> displayed excellent <em>in vivo</em> biocompatibility. In cancer models such as three-dimensional spheroids and actual colon cancer tissues, <strong>BSe-B</strong> selectively induced ROS production and cell death under TP irradiation, demonstrating precise spatial control. These findings highlight the potential of <strong>BSe-B</strong> for imaging-guided PDT and its capability for micro treatment within tissues. Thus, <strong>BSe-B</strong> demonstrates robust TP-PDT capabilities, making it a promising dual-purpose tool for cancer diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 47","pages":" 12232-12238"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/tb/d4tb01706d?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suay Dartar, Beraat Umur Kaya, Yanki Öncü Yayak, Ezgi Vural and Mustafa Emrullahoğlu
{"title":"Tailored BODIPY-based fluorogenic probes for phosgene detection: a comparative evaluation of recognition sites†","authors":"Suay Dartar, Beraat Umur Kaya, Yanki Öncü Yayak, Ezgi Vural and Mustafa Emrullahoğlu","doi":"10.1039/D4TB02040E","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB02040E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We constructed two novel boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based fluorescent probes, <strong>BOPD</strong> and <strong>BOBA</strong>, each equipped with the phosgene specific recognition units <em>o</em>-phenylenediamine (OPD) and <em>o</em>-aminobenzylamine (OBA) at the 2-position of the BODIPY core. <strong>BOPD</strong> and <strong>BOBA</strong> represent rare examples of BODIPY-based probes that operate by modulating an intramolecular charge transfer process (ICT), as validated by computational studies. We systematically compared the analytic performance of those recognition units while focusing on selectivity, fluorescence turn-on ratios and response times. Probe <strong>BOBA</strong>, equipped with OBA as the recognition unit, demonstrated a remarkably low detection limit (<em>i.e.</em>, 1.40 nM) and a rapid response time (<10 s) for triphosgene. By comparison, <strong>BOPD</strong>, featuring an OPD unit, showed superior selectivity towards triphosgene, with a detection limit of 93 nM and a response time of up to 30 s. A portable sensing platform was developed by loading <strong>BOPD</strong> onto test strips made of TLC plates, nonwoven materials and small-headed cotton swabs, which were assessed for their effectiveness in detecting phosgene. We additionally performed the first successful application of a fluorescent probe, namely <strong>BOPD</strong>, for monitoring the accumulation of phosgene in plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 47","pages":" 12282-12290"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andres Machuca, Gabriel A. Peñalver, Roberto Alvarez-Fernandez Garcia, Angelica Martinez-Lopez, Sonia Castillo-Lluva, Estefania Garcia-Calvo and Jose L. Luque-Garcia
{"title":"Advancing rhodium nanoparticle-based photodynamic cancer therapy: quantitative proteomics and in vivo assessment reveal mechanisms targeting tumor metabolism, progression and drug resistance†","authors":"Andres Machuca, Gabriel A. Peñalver, Roberto Alvarez-Fernandez Garcia, Angelica Martinez-Lopez, Sonia Castillo-Lluva, Estefania Garcia-Calvo and Jose L. Luque-Garcia","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01631A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01631A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Rhodium nanoparticles have been recently discovered as good photosensitizers with great potential in cancer photodynamic therapy by effectively inducing cytotoxicity in cancer cells under near-infrared laser. This study evaluates the molecular mechanisms underlying such antitumoral effect through quantitative proteomics. The results revealed that rhodium nanoparticle-based photodynamic therapy disrupts tumor metabolism by downregulating key proteins involved in ATP synthesis and mitochondrial function, leading to compromised energy production. The treatment also induces oxidative stress and apoptosis while targeting the invasion capacity of cancer cells. Additionally, key proteins involved in drug resistance are also affected, demonstrating the efficacy of the treatment in a multi-drug resistant cell line. <em>In vivo</em> evaluation using a chicken embryo model also confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed therapy in reducing tumor growth without affecting embryo viability.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 46","pages":" 12073-12086"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/tb/d4tb01631a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Near-IR nanolignin sensitizers based on pyrene-conjugated chlorin and bacteriochlorin for ROS generation, DNA intercalation and bioimaging†","authors":"Kunal Gogde, Seema Kirar, Anil Kumar Pujari, Devesh Mohne, Ashok Kumar Yadav and Jayeeta Bhaumik","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01627K","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01627K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent agents are extensively used for biomedical imaging due to their ability for deep tissue penetration. Tetrapyrrole-based photosensitizers are promising candidates in this regard. Further, the extended conjugation of such macromolecules with chromophores can enhance their fluorescence efficiency and DNA intercalation ability. Herein, pyrene-conjugated NIR photosensitizers, such as chlorin (PyChl) and bacteriochlorin (PyBac), were synthesized from the corresponding pyrene–porphyrin (PyP). The correlation between the theoretical and experimental optical properties (absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy results) was determined using the DFT/TD-DFT computational approach. Next, studies on the photophysical properties, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and DNA binding were conducted on these macrocycles to study the effect of pyrene conjugation on the pyrrolic ring. Furthermore, each photosensitizer was loaded into lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) using the solvent–antisolvent method to accomplish fluorescence-guided imaging. The developed near-IR chlorin- and bacteriochlorin-doped lignin nanocarriers (PyChl-LNCs and PyBac-LNCs) exhibited significant <em>in vitro</em> singlet oxygen generation upon red LED light exposure. Moreover, these macrocycle-loaded nanolignin sensitizers showed good fluorescence-guided bioimaging with fungal cells (<em>Candida albicans</em>). Further, the nanoprobes exhibited pH-dependent release profiles for biological applications. These nanolignin sensitizers demonstrated promising potential to be utilized in near-IR image-guided photodynamic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 1","pages":" 288-304"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142634852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yen Vo, Radhika Raveendran, Cheng Cao, Linqing Tian, Rebecca Y. Lai and Martina H. Stenzel
{"title":"Tadpole-like cationic single-chain nanoparticles display high cellular uptake†","authors":"Yen Vo, Radhika Raveendran, Cheng Cao, Linqing Tian, Rebecca Y. Lai and Martina H. Stenzel","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01970A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01970A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The successful delivery of nanoparticles (NPs) to cancer cells is dependent on various factors, including particle size, shape, surface properties such as hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity, charges, and functional moieties. Tailoring these properties has been explored extensively to enhance the efficacy of NPs for drug delivery. Single-chain polymer nanoparticles (SCNPs), notable for their small size (sub-20 nm) and tunable properties, are emerging as a promising platform for drug delivery. However, the impact of surface charge on the biological performance of SCNPs in cancer cells remains underexplored. In this study, we prepared a library of SCNPs with varying charge types (neutral, anionic, cationic, and zwitterionic), charge densities, charge positions, and crosslinking densities to evaluate their effects on cellular uptake in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Key findings include that cationic SCNPs are more likely to translocate into cells than neutral, anionic, or zwitterionic counterparts. Furthermore, cellular uptake was enhanced with increased charge density (from 10 to 15 mol%) before reaching a critical point (20 mol%) where excessive positive charge led to NP adhesion to the cell membrane, resulting in cell death. We also found that the position of the charge on the polymer chain also impacted the delivery of NPs to cancer cells, with tadpole-shaped SCNPs achieving the highest uptake. Furthermore, crosslinking density significantly influenced cellular uptake, with SCNPs at 50% crosslinking conversion showing the highest cytosolic localization, while other densities resulted in retention primarily at the cell membrane. This study offers valuable insights into how charge type, density, position, and crosslinking density affect the biological performance of SCNPs, guiding the rational design of more effective and safer drug delivery systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 48","pages":" 12627-12640"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shihao Zhang, Cailin Liu, Meng Su, Dong Zhou, Ziwei Tao, Shiyong Wu, Lan Xiao and Yulin Li
{"title":"Development of citric acid-based biomaterials for biomedical applications","authors":"Shihao Zhang, Cailin Liu, Meng Su, Dong Zhou, Ziwei Tao, Shiyong Wu, Lan Xiao and Yulin Li","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01666A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01666A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The development of bioactive materials with controllable preparation is of great significance for biomedical engineering. Citric acid-based biomaterials are one of the few bioactive materials with many advantages such as simple synthesis, controllable structure, biocompatibility, biomimetic viscoelastic mechanical behavior, controllable biodegradability, and further functionalization. In this paper, we review the development of multifunctional citrate-based biomaterials for biomedical applications, and summarize their multifunctional properties in terms of physical, chemical, and biological aspects, and finally the applications of citrate-based biomaterials in biomedical engineering, including bone tissue engineering, skin tissue engineering, drug/cell delivery, vascular and neural tissue engineering, and bioimaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 45","pages":" 11611-11635"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thomas Swift, Richard Hoskins, Mariya Kalinichenko, Maria Katsikogianni, Marc Daigneault and Stephen Rimmer
{"title":"Photophysical, thermal and imaging studies on vancomycin functional branched poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) of differing degrees of branching containing nile red for detection of Gram-positive bacteria†","authors":"Thomas Swift, Richard Hoskins, Mariya Kalinichenko, Maria Katsikogianni, Marc Daigneault and Stephen Rimmer","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01544D","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01544D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Highly branched poly(<em>N</em>-isopropyl acrylamide) additives chain end functionalised with vancomycin have been designed to agglutinate and report on targetted Gram-positive strains of bacteria (<em>S. aureus</em>). These branched systems selectively desolvate with temperature or binding interactions depending on their chain architecture. We have prepared samples with three different degrees of branching which have incorporated Nile red acrylate as a low concentration of co-monomer to report upon their solution properties. A linear analogue polymer functionalised with vancomycin along the chain instead of the termini is presented as a control which does not bind to targeted bacteria. These samples were analysed by diffusion NMR spectrometry (DOSY), calorimetry, fluorescence lifetime measurements, optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy to gain a full understanding of their solution properties. The branched polymers are shown conclusively to have a core–shell structure, where the chain ends are expressed from the desolvated globule even above the lower critical solution temperature – as demonstrated by NMR measurements. The level of desolvation is critically dependent on the degree of branching, and as a result we have found intermediate structures provide optimal body temperature bacterial sensing as a consequence of the Nile red reporting dye.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 46","pages":" 11996-12006"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503812/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boryeong Lee, Lakshmishri Prabakaran, Minkyoung Jang, Song Hua Xuan, Kyounghee Shin, Sung Ho Lee and Jin Woong Kim
{"title":"Intercellular lipid-cored, hectorite nanoplatelet-armored pickering emulsions with enhanced transdermal delivery and epidermal hydration†","authors":"Boryeong Lee, Lakshmishri Prabakaran, Minkyoung Jang, Song Hua Xuan, Kyounghee Shin, Sung Ho Lee and Jin Woong Kim","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01610F","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01610F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study presents intercellular lipid-based Pickering emulsions (ILPEs) comprising a core of intercellular lipids (ILs) and an exterior solid layer of hectorite nanoplatelets (HNPs), formulated <em>via</em> an oil-in-water (O/W) Pickering emulsion technique to augment dermal penetration and moisture retention. Cationic surfactant-modified HNPs electrostatically interacted with stearic acid and ILs, forming robust, organized lamellar structures at the O/W interface and within the core. HNP integration into the IL matrix significantly elevated the interfacial modulus, enhancing emulsion stability. HNP- and SA-modified ILPEs demonstrated uniform distribution of a proxy drug across porcine epidermis to a depth of 20 μm, maintaining approximately 50% hydration after 72 h. These findings underscore the potential of ILPEs for cutaneous applications, offering superior stability, epidermal penetration, and improved stratum corneum hydration.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 47","pages":" 12390-12399"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jente Verjans, Alexis André, Tomáš Sedlačík, Resat Aksakal, Evelyne van Ruymbeke and Richard Hoogenboom
{"title":"Physically crosslinked polyacrylates by quadruple hydrogen bonding side chains†","authors":"Jente Verjans, Alexis André, Tomáš Sedlačík, Resat Aksakal, Evelyne van Ruymbeke and Richard Hoogenboom","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01702A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01702A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Dynamic polymer materials can be obtained by introducing supramolecular interactions between the polymer chains. Here we report on the preparation and mechanical properties of poly(methyl acrylate) (PMA) and poly(<em>n</em>-butyl acrylate) (PBA) funcionalized with ureidopyrimidinone (UPy) in the side chains. In contrast to the traditional UPy with a methyl group, the selected UPy motif contained a branched alkyl side chain, which enhances solubility, compatibility with the polymer matrix and potentially prevents stacking of UPy dimers. Low molar mass PMA and PBA were synthesized <em>via</em> Cu(0)-mediated radical polymerization and allyl bonds were introduced with different degrees of functionalization by stoichiometrically controlled transesterification with allyl alcohol. The allyl esters served as functional handles for UPy attachment <em>via</em> UV-initiated radical thiol–ene coupling. The PMA–UPy materials displayed a more glassy appearance, in contrast to the rubbery PBA–UPy polymer networks, associated to its higher glass transition temperature. The mechanical properties of the resulting hydrogen bonded polymer networks were assessed by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and tensile testing, followed by rheological analysis of the network dynamics. Furthermore, the effect of associative groups on the linear viscoelastic response is discussed based on a modified sticky Rouse model indicating the absence of significant aggregation or phase separation of the UPY units.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 47","pages":" 12378-12389"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2024/tb/d4tb01702a?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiao-Li Tian, Ping Chen, Yue Hu, Lan Zhang, Xiao-Qi Yu and Ji Zhang
{"title":"Enhanced gene transfection ability of sulfonylated low-molecular-weight PEI and its application in anti-tumor treatment†","authors":"Xiao-Li Tian, Ping Chen, Yue Hu, Lan Zhang, Xiao-Qi Yu and Ji Zhang","doi":"10.1039/D4TB01760A","DOIUrl":"10.1039/D4TB01760A","url":null,"abstract":"<p >With the continuous progress of nanotechnology in the field of tumor vaccines, immunotherapy has been regarded as one of the most powerful approaches for cancer treatment. Currently, DNA vaccines are used to efficiently deliver plasmids encoding tumor-associated antigens to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and enhance the activation of immune cells. In this work, a series of aromatic sulfonyl small-molecule-modified polymers <strong>R-P</strong> based on low-molecular-weight polyethylenimine (PEI) were prepared, and their structure–activity relationship was studied. Among them, <strong>Ns-P</strong> with high transfection efficiency and low toxicity was applied to deliver antigen ovalbumin (OVA)-encoded plasmid DNA to APCs for triggering the immune activation of dendritic cells (DCs). It was also found that <strong>Ns-P</strong> could be used as an immune adjuvant to activate the STING pathway in DCs, integrating innate stimulating activity into the carrier to enhance antitumor immunity. Moreover, the modification of <strong>Ns-P</strong>/<strong>pOVA</strong> complexes with oxidized mannan could not only improve the biocompatibility of the complex, but also enhance the uptake of DCs, further inducing OVA antigen presentation and immune stimulation. <em>In vivo</em> antitumor assays indicated that <strong>Ns-P</strong>/<strong>pOVA</strong>/<strong>Man</strong> immunization could inhibit the growth of OVA-expressing E.G7 tumors in C57BL/6 mice. These results demonstrated that <strong>Ns-P</strong>/<strong>pOVA</strong>/<strong>Man</strong> is promising for gene delivery and immunotherapy application.</p>","PeriodicalId":83,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Chemistry B","volume":" 46","pages":" 12111-12123"},"PeriodicalIF":6.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142523975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}