Archives of Razi Institute最新文献

{"title":"The Emergence Potential of <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> and <i>Chlamydia felis</i> as Zoonotic Agents Causing Ocular and Respiratory Infections in Humans and Animals.","authors":"A Ghasemian, B Pezeshki, M Memariani, S Mahmoodi, M Kohansal, H Rajabi-Vardanjani","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Members of the <i>Chlamydiaceae</i> are obligate Gram-negative intracellular pathogens that cause a variety of infectious diseases. As a zoonotic pathogen, <i>Chlamydia psittaci</i> (<i>C. psittaci</i>) has been associated with a wide range of infections in both wild and domestic animals, particularly birds. In humans, <i>C. psittaci</i> causes influenza-like symptoms, pneumonia, endocarditis, fever, chills, myalgia and headache. Similar to other Chlamydia species, the virulence factors of <i>C. psittaci</i> mainly include type III secretion system, type IV system effectors (TARP), CopN, HctA and HctB, OmcA, OmcB, OmpA, major outer membrane protein (MOMP), PorB and Euo. In particular, <i>C. psittaci</i> may predispose patients to other respiratory pathogens. Direct contact and inhalation of contaminated air droplets from birds is a risk factor for transmission of infection. Other risk factors include pregnancy, overcrowding, bird litter, and close contact with cats and dogs. Therefore, greater care should be exercised in close contact with these pet animals. Fortunately, these infections have been treated more effectively thanks to the development of novel drug delivery systems in recent decades. There is no similar review study to assess zoonotic potential of these species. Considering the highly contagious potential of <i>C. psittaci</i> and <i>C. felis</i>, together with the wide host range and available risk factors, appropriate control strategies are essential to prevent their dissemination.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 4","pages":"685-694"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143967174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a crucial factor in the anticancer activity of <i>Oliveria decumbens</i> extract against the A431 human skin cell line.","authors":"M Dinarvand, F Sharifnia, Z Jangravi","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.749","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, skin cancer is a main public health challenge whose incidence is continuously increasing. Given the limitations of conventional t herapies, new research and novel therapies may be promising for reducing skin cancer morbidity and mortality. Phytochemicals are attractive resources for new therapy design in cancer research due to their cost-effectiveness and lower side effects. In the present study, the anti-cancer activity of <i>Oliveria decumbens</i> (<i>O. decumbens</i>) extract was investigated on the human skin cancer A431 cell line A431. The aqueous extract of the <i>O. decumbens</i> plant was prepared using the traditional method. Then IC50 was determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay under different concentrations of <i>O. decumbens</i>. Cell apoptosis was investigated by Annexin V-FITC/Propidium Iodide (PI) and flow cytometry. Cell cycle was investigated by PI staining and flow cytometry. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was analyzed by DCFH-DA (2', 7' -dichlorofluorescein-diacetate) staining and flowcytometry.IC50 for cell viability was determined 475g/ml. Cell cycle analyses showed G1 arrest in treated cells compared to control cell. Results also confirmed significant increase of apoptotic cells (8.2%1, P<0.05) under IC50 concentration of the extract in comparison to the control group (2.50.99%). A significant increase in ROS level was observed in O.ecumbens treated cells compared to control cells (738 170 vs 31655 in the control group, P<0.05.).Overall, the present results indicate that <i>O. decumbens</i> extract can inhibit skin cancer cell proliferation via inhibition of cell cycle and apoptosis. It seems that ROS production plays a critical role in the anticancer effect of <i>O. decumbens</i> extract. Therefore, its potential option for future treatment of skin cancer should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 4","pages":"749-754"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilizing Sertoli Cell Transplantation as a Therapeutic Technique for the Management of Neurodegenerative Diseases.","authors":"H Ahmady, M Afrand, M Motaqi, G H Meftahi","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.701","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Huntington's disease (HD), are defined by aberrant protein accumulation, brain atrophy, and gradual decline of neuronal function. Despite the considerable endeavors devoted to discovering treatments for NDs in recent decades, the demand for efficient therapeutic agents persists. Sertoli cells (SCs) play a crucial role in providing a supportive structure and environment for the development of germ cells. SCs, whether transplanted as xenogeneic or allogeneic cells, present a viable choice for enhancing graft persistence via the release of immunomodulatory and trophic factors, including neurturin (NTN), platelet-derived growth factor, Fas (CD95) ligand (FasL), glial-derived neurotrophic factor, interleukin 1 (IL1), brain-derived neurotrophic factor, interleukin 6 (IL6), transforming growth factors, and vascular growth factor, that protect replaced cells and tissues from the immune system. However, there is currently no cohesive evidence regarding the neuroprotective influence of the transplantation of SCs on NDs. Therefore, this review focuses on assessing stem cells' neuroprotective impact on neurodegenerative diseases in pre-clinical settings and presenting cohesive information. A comprehensive search was conducted between 2000 and 2022. In the identification stage, after a comprehensive search across databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed/Medline, 103 papers were obtained. The search conducted in the present study yielded a total of nine relevant papers on the therapeutic effect of the transplantation of SCs on NDs. It was found that the transplantation of SCs exhibits a promising impact on enhancing the symptoms of neurological diseases in rats. The findings highlight the need for multiple standardized pre-clinical trials to find reliable information to confirm the utilization of the transplantation of SCs and the reduction of the symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 4","pages":"701-710"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004054/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of chitosan coating enriched with orange peel (<i>Citrus sinensis</i>) waste extract on prolonged preservation and chemical and functional properties of frozen <i>beluga sturgeon</i> (Huso huso) fillet.","authors":"B Shoja, A Motallebi, B Akbari-Adergani, N Rokni","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fish is an important part of the diet in both developed and developing countries. It is highly digestible and contains an appropriate combination of essential amino acids such as lysine and methionine, which are essential for good health and nutrition. The health benefits of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids, including omega-3 and omega-6 fats, have stimulated interest in increasing seafood consumption per capita. However, fresh fish is one of the most perishable foods due to the potent action of autolytic enzymes and microbial activity. In this study, chitosan biofilms containing different concentrations of the orangepeel extract (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%) were prepared and their physical factors including water vapor permeability (WVP), color, and water solubility (WS) were characterized. Enrichment of the chitosan-based coatings with orange peel extracts improved the physical property factors and WVP, color, and WS improved for prolonged preservation of frozen <i>beluga sturgeon</i> so that significant differences in these factors were observed between the enriched coatings and control ones (<i>p</i><0.05). The fish fillets were analyzed for total lipid (3.33 ± 0.41%), crude protein (14.90 ± 1.04% ), and total volatile basic nitrogen (10.12 ± 1.15 mg N/100 gr) and then subjected to the three treatments as well as blank coatings with 0.0-1.5% levels of orange peel waste extract for 14 days at 4 ⁰C. The results showed that the biofilm enriched with 1.5% orange peel waste extract was effective in preserving phenolic compounds and maintaining the antioxidant properties of fish fillets during the preservation period (<i>p</i><0.05). The results of this study showed that the chitosan coating enriched with orange peel extract improved physical factors in the coatings preserved the antioxidant compounds in the fish fillets and maintained their shelf life during a two-week refrigeration period.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 4","pages":"711-720"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004042/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parasitological and molecular study of <i>Entamoeba gingivalis</i> and <i>Trichomonas tenax</i> in children from Lorestan Province, Iran.","authors":"F Kooshki, A Khudair Khalaf, H Mahmoudvand, A Poursalar, S Mohsenpour, B Selahbarzin","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.799","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral and dental hygiene plays an important role in the health and well-being of our bodies. Failure to take basic oral and dental hygiene measures not only damages the health of teeth and gums, but can also significantly increase the risk of heart disease, cancer, and diabetes. <i>Entamoeba gingivalis</i> and <i>Trichomonas tenax</i> are reported to be anaerobic parasites found in the human mouth. These parasites are transmitted through saliva, contaminated food containers, drinking water, and/or other utensils. Since the observance of personal hygiene and discipline in taking care of oral and dental health is less in children and this affects their performance in school and their future success, we aimed to evaluate a parasitological and molecular survey of <i>E. gingivalis</i> and <i>T. tenax</i> among children (2 to 15 years) in Lorestan Province, in western Iran. This descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 2021 to October 2022 on 660 children (aged 2-15 years) referred to health centers of Lorestan Province, Iran. The total prevalence of the parasites was 108 (16.4%) and 117 (17.7%) by microscopy and PCR, respectively. No significant association was reported among age (P=0.716), gender (P=0.289), parental education (P=0.812), tooth brushing (P=0.170), and prevalence of these parasites in children. Conversely, a significant association was reported between settling in rural areas (P=0.002), mouthwash (P=0.001), and the prevalence of these parasites in children. By multivariate test, settling in rural districts (P=0.007) and mouthwash (P<0.001) were considerably associated with the rate of these parasites. We found a significant prevalence of these parasites in children in Lorestan Province, western Iran, indicating that dentists as well as children's parents should pay special attention to oral health strategies in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 4","pages":"799-804"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004041/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antioxidative Potential and Activity of Potassium Polyacrylate and Coenzyme Q10 on Rat Hepatic Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pores.","authors":"A O Adeoye, J O Olanlokun, D J Porta, J O Akinyelu, M A Rivoira, N H Garcia","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.805","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple biological activities of coenzyme Q10 have been demonstrated, opening up opportunities for research and development. However, the biological action of potassium polyacrylate and its effect on the mitochondrial permeability transition pores are both poorly understood. Therefore, this study investigated the <i>in vitro</i> antioxidative potential of potassium polyacrylate (PCK) and coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and their effects on mitochondrial permeability transition pores. <i>In vitro</i> antioxidant and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities were assessed using standard methods, and lipid peroxidation was also determined. Mitochondrial swelling was evaluated as the change in absorbance under succinate-energized conditions. Cytochrome c release and mitochondrial ATPase activity were assessed. The results showed that PCK and CoQ10 significantly scavenged DPPH and nitric oxide radicals in a concentration-dependent manner and demonstrated a better ferricreducing antioxidant potential. PCK exhibited a high DPPH radical scavenging ability with the lowest IC₅₀ value of 54.05 µg/mL while CoQ10 exhibited higher reducing power with the IC₅₀ value of 82.14 µg/mL.Both were also found to inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme activity. In addition, PCK and CoQ10 significantly (p<0.05) prevented lipid peroxidation, modulated the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) pores and caused no significant release of cytochrome c. However, CoQ10 showed a mild inductive effect on mPT pores at higher concentrations. PCK and CoQ10 also increased mitochondrial ATPase activity. The results of this study suggest that both PCK and CoQ10 may be helpful in the treatment of diseases such as neurological disorders where excessive apoptosis is associated with excessive tissue degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 4","pages":"805-814"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004049/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143961238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, Synthesis and <i>In Vivo</i> Evaluation of a Candidate Fusion Epitopic Construct Vaccine Based on M2e, HA1, HA2, NA and NP Fragments of the Highly Pathogenic Avian H5N1 Influenza Virus.","authors":"A Hamidi, H Farzin, A Haghparast","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.849","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The H5N1 subtype of the influenza virus is highly pathogenic and lethal to humans and animal. The necessity for the development of new vaccines with a broad spectrum of efficacy against this pathogen seems to be very crucial. One highly regarded solution to this problem is to design and production of recombinant vaccines using the conserved peptide of influenza viruses. A search of international databases yielded the peptide sequence of the M2e fragment of H5N1 viruses isolated from Iran, as well as a variety of conserved peptide sequences of fragments of HA1, HA2, NA and NP of other H5N1 viruses. These sequences were obtained for both MHC receptors in mice. Subsequently, these fragments, in conjunction with a PADRE sequence, were connected by bioinformatics to design a fusion epitopic construct. Subsequently, the construct was optimized for expression in <i>E.coli</i> BL21. Following the expression and purifications of the fusion epitopic construct, it was injected subcutaneously (SC) into the hindlimb muscles of 6-8 old week female BALB/c mice. Three weeks following the conclusion of the second immunization, the mice in both immunized and control groups were weighed and checked for any adverse effects at the injection sites. Subsequently, the mice were euthanized and blood was collected from their hearts to determine the total IgG antibody titer before and after immunization by ELISA. No evidence of local inflammation or complications was observed at the SC injection sites until the end of the experiment. Additionally, the autopsy of mice showed no bleeding or lesions in organs, particularly the liver and spleen. The mice exhibited no significant change in weight throughout the immunization period. The total IgG level, as determined by average OD value in the serum of immunized mice, was found to be five times higher (5.881 ng/ml) than that of the control group (1.143 ng/ml). The results demonstrated a highly significant IgG antibody response following SC administration of an immunogenic recombinant peptide in mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 4","pages":"849-856"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143962109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey on canine's helminthic parasites infection from Mughan plain in Ardabil province, Iran.","authors":"Z Zarei, M Mohebali, S Dastouri Dastgir, Z Alizadeh, A Azarm, B Mohammadi Ghalehbin, Z Heidari","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.755","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the increasing cohabitation of humans with infected animals, such as pets or wildlife, human infection with helminthic parasites has become an important emerging health concern. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of helminthic parasite infections in canines in the Mughan Plain area of Ardabil Province, Iran. A total of 87 samples were collected from different canines, including stray dogs, foxes, and jackals, in the Mughan Plain area of Ardabil Province, Iran. The organs of the animals were sectioned and examined macroscopically for helminth parasitic infections. Isolated helminth species were morphologically identified using a valid identification key. The results showed that that <i>Mesocestoides</i> sp. was the most prevalent helminth species, with a frequency of 30 in canids (34.5%), including 8 red foxes (<i>Vulpes vulpes</i>, 53.33%), 12 jackals (<i>Canis aureus</i>, 48%), and 10 stray dogs (<i>Canis familiaris</i>, 21.3%). In addition, a high frequency of <i>Toxascaris leonina</i> was observed in 13 canines (14.9%), including 2 foxes (13%), 4 jackals (16%), and 7 wild dogs (14.9%). The prevalence of <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i> was reported in 9 canines (10.3%), including 1 jackal (4%) and 8 wild dogs (17.02%). The results of this study indicate that <i>Mesocestoides</i> sp. is the most common helminth species in canids. Our findings indicate that canines in Iran serve as both intermediate and final definitive hosts for several harmful parasites, posing a risk to humans and animals health. Further research and interventions are needed to better understand the transmission dynamics and to develop effective strategies for helminth control in canids.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 4","pages":"755-760"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143957241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bcl-2 May Contribute to Evolution of Endometrial Hyperplasia, but It Isn't a Factor in Subsequent Carcinogenesis.","authors":"Kta Krishna Kumar, K Upadhyaya, R T Cn","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.827","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.827","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Endometrial carcinoma is a prevalent disease in the Western world and is experiencing an upward trend in developing countries as well. Endometrial hyperplasia is regarded as a precancerous lesion. Apoptosis plays an important role in the neoplastic transformation of cells, with Bcl-2 serving as an anti-apoptotic cellular marker. It is possible that Bcl-2 may plays an important role in the development of endometrial carcinoma. The objective was to evaluate and compare the expression of the Bcl-2 markers accross the spectrum of normal endometrium endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial adenocarcinoma. A total of 50 cases were included in this study, comprising of 10 cases of normal endometrium, 10 cases of endometrial hyperplasia without atypia, 10 cases of atypical endometrial hyperplasia and 20 cases of endometrial adenocarcinomas. The cases were collected from January 2017 to June 2018. Immunohistochemical staining with Bcl-2 was performed and the results were subsequently analyzed. Bcl-2 staining demonstrated a notable increase in cases exhibiting with strong staining intensity, from 20% in normal endometrial tissue to 75% in cases of endometrial hyperplasia. However, there was a notable decline in the number of cases exhibiting with strong intensity Bcl-2 staining as the lesions progressed from endometrial hyperplasia to endometrial carcinoma (30% of the cases). The results were statistically significant (P =0.00309). However, there was no significant association was observed between staining and either atypical hyperplasia or endometrial carcinomas (p=0.429), or between the degree of carcinoma and staining (p=0.6903). Bcl-2 expression demonstrated an increase from cases of normal endometrium to endometrial hyperplasia, which supports the hypothesis that there is an increase in anti-apoptotic activity in endometrial hyperplastic lesions. The observed decrease in Bcl-2expression in endometrioid adenocarcinoma when compared to endometrial hyperplasia may indicate the involvement of alternative mechanisms of carcinogenesis, potentially beyond the failure of apoptosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 4","pages":"827-832"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004039/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143959825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Immunogenic Potential of an Inactivated Vaccine Candidate against <i>Ornithobacterium Rhinotracheale</i> in SPF Chicken.","authors":"N Ghodsian, S Shahsavandi, M M Ebrahimi, V Karimi","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32592/ARI.2024.79.4.865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Ornithobacterium Rhinotracheale</i> (ORT) is a gram-negative bacterium that causes respiratory infection in chickens and turkeys. The Co-infection of ORT with other viral or bacterial pathogens results in the development of severe clinical symptoms and significant economic losses. The proportion of ORT strains resistant to the current antibiotics employed in poultry flocks has increased in successive years. Contingent on the source of the isolate. It is recommended that the inactivated whole-cell vaccine (bacterin) be administered against multi-drug resistant strains of ORT that are present on poultry farms. In the present study, a formalin-inactivated bacterin formulated with an oil adjuvant (Montanide ^TM ISA 70 VG) was developed based on a local ORT isolate. A prime-boost regimen was employed for the immunization of specific pathogen-free chicken (SPF) groups. Subsequently, the immunogenic potency of the vaccine candidate was evaluated via ELISA and compared with that of a Nobilis^® commercial inactivated ORT vaccine.The safety of the Vaccine was studied following the inoculation of a dose that was twice the recommended dose of the prepared bacterin. The commercial inactivated ORT vaccine and the prepared bacterin both elicited the production of induced specific antibodies after three weeks following the initial vaccination, with this response continuing until 16 weeks post-vaccination. The immunization of chickens with the commercial vaccine resulted in a higher level of antibody compared to the experimental vaccine. However, no significant difference (<i>P</i><0.05) was observed between the treated groups overall. The safety test revealed the absence of any adverse local or systemic reactions were found in chickens throughout the post-vaccination period. The data indicate that the prepared ORT-inactivated vaccine is safe and capable of inducing adequate and long-lasting immune responses in experimental SPF chickens. It is imperative to conduct field trials to ensure the efficacy of this vaccine candidate in preventing ORT infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 4","pages":"865-872"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12004052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}