Archives of Razi Institute最新文献

{"title":"Immunohistochemical Evaluation of CD68, β-catenin, α-SMA and Ki67 Expression in Kupffer and Parenchymal Stellate Cells Associated With Bovine Liver Lesions Leading to Fibrosis.","authors":"Khodagholizadeh Pardis, Amniattalab Amir","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3171","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Liver fibrosis is a disorder resulting from numerous diseases that threaten animal life.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Over two years (2021-2023), a total of 1,525 bovine livers were inspected, and common liver diseases leading to fibrosis -including fascioliasis, fatty change, hydatid cyst, and abscess -were diagnosed using various histochemical staining techniques.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The evaluation of serum enzymes indicated a significant increase in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in fascioliasis, as well as aspartate transferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in fascioliasis and fatty change, compared to other groups (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical results demonstrated that the expression intensity and mean number of α-SMA-positive stellate cells and β-catenin-positive significantly increased (P<0.05) in fascioliasis, fatty change, abscess, and hydatid cyst lesions compared to normal liver. The expression pattern of α-SMA in lesions was observed in three states Perisinusoidal, periportal, and pericentral. Furthermore, in fatty liver change, nuclear expression of β-catenin was observed in parenchymal cells. Indeed, unlike the human liver -where β-catenin expression is present in bile duct cells under normal conditions -in cattle, only membranous-cytoplasmic expression of β-catenin was recorded in bile duct cells of livers affected by fascioliasis. The number of CD68-positive Kupffer cells (KCs) and Ki67-positive cells in liver lesions showed a significant increase compared to normal liver (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, considering the results, with increasing severity of liver fibrosis, the expression of CD68, β-catenin, α-SMA, and Ki67 markers also increases. In other words, with the onset and progression of inflammation in the bovine liver, simultaneous activation of stellate and KCs and increased collagen production contribute to the reconstruction of the damaged liver with connective tissue, thereby leading to liver fibrosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 5","pages":"1277-1290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Effective Multiepitope Vaccine Against Infectious Laryngotracheitis Virus Based on Envelope Glycoproteins by Immunoinformatics Approaches.","authors":"Jamour Parisa, Meskini Maryam, Noori Goodarzi Narjes, Ebadi Behrouz, Abdoli Asghar","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3431","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3431","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Infectious laryngotracheitis (ILT) is a significant respiratory disease that impacts poultry populations worldwide, known as ILT virus (ILTV). This viral disease presents considerable challenges not only to poultry health but also to the broader food industry, resulting in substantial economic losses and posing a risk to food security. Effective control and prevention of ILT are paramount, and vaccination strategies have emerged as critical measures in mitigating the impact of this disease. The envelope glycoproteins of ILTV are essential for the virus's ability to enter host cells, making them potential targets for vaccine development. However, to date, there has been a lack of comprehensive research focused on the evaluating these glycoproteins for their immunogenic potential in the context of ILTV vaccination.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>This study employs advanced bioinformatics tools to systematically analyze the antigenicity, sensitization, conservation, and intracellular localization of linear B-cell epitopes derived from the envelope glycoproteins of ILTV.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through this rigorous analysis, we identified four highly antigenic epitopes. To enhance their immunogenicity, we engineered multiple configurations of these linear B-cell epitopes using epitope-folding techniques. Subsequently, we developed four multi-epitope vaccine candidates, each designed to incorporate two distinct adjuvants to bolster the immune response. Among these candidates, construct 1 exhibited optimal interactions with Toll-like receptors TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, and TLR5, resulting in significant levels of IFN-γ and IL-2 production. Following this, we performed codon optimization on this construct, which was then reverse -transcribed and successfully cloned into the pET-28a vector.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This critical step lays the groundwork for future in vitro and in vivo investigations aimed at evaluating the efficacy of the developed vaccine candidates in preventing ILT in poultry, ultimately contributing to enhanced biosecurity and economic stability in the poultry industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 5","pages":"1113-1122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222438/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy of Estrus Induction Protocols Using PGF2α Alone Versus OvSynch and Select Synch in Dairy Cattle in Algeria.","authors":"Boucif Ahmed, Nouia Abdelmadjid, Nabi Mustapha, Salhi Omar, Touhami Nadjet Amina Khelifi, Ouchenec Nassim","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3536","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3536","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of estrus induction protocols based on prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α), compared with an OvSynch-type variant and the Select Synch protocol, in terms of reproductive performance in dairy cows in Algerian farms.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>A total of 105 gyneco-clinically intact cows, aged 2 to 5 years, including 39 primiparous and 66 multiparous cows of Montbéliarde (66) and Holstein (39) breeds were divided into three groups. In the first group, cows received two injections of PGF2α at an 11-14-day interval, with a dose of 25 mg per cow of dinoprost^®. In the \"OvSynch\" and \"select synch\" groups, cows were treated with an injection of 100 μg gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) (cystorelin^®) on day 0, followed by an injection of 25 mg PGF2α (dinoprost^®) on day 7. Only the \"Select Synch\" group received a second injection of 100 μg GnRH on day 9. Cows were inseminated based on observed estrus at the end of each protocol. Pregnancy was diagnosed via ultrasound at day 30 post-AI and confirmed by trans-rectal palpation on day 45.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Estrus response rates were 74%, 48.6%, and 40%; P>0.05), while average pregnancy rates were 54.4%, 31.4%, 28.6% (P<0.005, corresponding to conception rates of 73.1%, 65%, and 71.4% (P>0.005) for groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Given its simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and efficiency, the prostaglandin-only protocol is recommended for cows inseminated based on observed estrus.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Protocols combining GnRH with PGF2α allow estrus synchronization, reducing the need for daily estrus detection (EI) and additional handling.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 5","pages":"1137-1142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222434/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Antimicrobial Resistance Spectrum and Identification of Extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL) in <i>Acinetobacter Baumannii</i> From Clinical Samples in Erbil City.","authors":"Qadr Sayran Sabr, Hamad Pishtiwan Ahmed, Hamashrif Aziz Sozan, Rebwar Muhammad, Ali Ahmed Mohsin","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3300","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i> is a dangerous opportunistic pathogen responsible for a wide range of various infections, particularly in healthcare settings, affecting immunocompromised individuals. It is a significant source of nosocomial infections due to its ability to produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) and carbapenemase enzymes, making it a major concern for antibiotic resistance.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>To investigate the significant occurrence of ESBL-producing <i>A. baumannii</i> in hospitalized individuals, a total of 250 clinical specimens were obtained cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar media. Identification of isolates was conducted using both conventional microbiological techniques and the automated VITEK 2 system. Duplicate isolates and specimens from colonization-prone sites, including throat and perianal areaswere excluded. Antimicrobial susceptibility and ESBL production were evaluated according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) standards.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 250 clinical specimens, 60(24%) out of 250 were culture-positive for <i>A. baumannii</i> infection. Thirty out of sixty isolates (50%) showed an <i>A. baumannii</i> infection that produced ESBL. 86.67% of the isolated bacteria exhibited multidrug resistance overall (52/60). Resistance profiling revealed that amikacin had the greatest resistance rate among the 60 isolates (100%), while tigecycline showed the lowest resistance rate among just 10 isolates (16.67%). Notably, colistin demonstrated complete efficacy, with a 0.00% resistance rate, making it the most effective antibiotic against <i>A. baumannii</i> in this study. The presence of ESBL genes were correlated with antibiotic resistance, particularly with cephalosporin medicines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In conclusion, the present study highlights the prevalence of ESBL-producing <i>A. baumannii</i> strains, emphasizing the need for cautious antibiotic use and systematic monitoring of resistance mechanisms. The emergence of new ESBL strains necessitates continuous surveillance and further research on other <i>ESBL</i>-associated genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 5","pages":"1189-1198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222416/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and Phylogenetic Analysis of NDR Domain Protein From <i>Strongyloides ratti</i> Using Degenerate Primer PCR.","authors":"Jolodar Abbas","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3208","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The intestinal nematode <i>Strongyloides ratti</i> is an important and optimal model for the human pathogen, <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i>. To design degenerate primers and amplify a putative NDR domain-containing gene fragment from <i>Strongyloides ratti</i> using touchdown reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>A pair of degenerate primers was designed to amplify the target gene associated with nuclear Dbf2-related (NDR) domain-containing proteins, based on two conserved regions identified from related nematode protein sequences. A putative NDR domain-containing gene fragment of 249 bp from the <i>S. ratti</i> was amplified using Touchdown RT-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the amplified fragment between these two motifs from <i>S. ratti</i>, aligned with the C-terminus of the reference protein, shares 66.3% similarities. By searching the EST (expressed sequence tags) GenBank database, an overlapping 1082 bp cDNA fragment named SrNDR was compiled and found to contain a 972-nucleotide open reading frame encoding a protein of 324 amino acids, with an expected molecular mass of 23.4 kDa and calculatal pI of 7.64. The phylogram of SrNDR revealed that the gene variants of <i>S. ratti</i> SrNDR were grouped together with a strong bootstrap score of 87. Domain search analysis showed an e-value of 1.05e-100 for the conserved NDR1 domain within the a/b hydrolase superfamily protein (pfam03096), spanning amino acid residues 9 to 287. The core domain of SrNDR is folded into 12 alpha-helices surrounded by eight antiparallel b-strands. The three-dimensional structure model of SrNDR (residues 31-319) showed 100% identity to the human protein NDRG1 across 248 amino acids, with 77% sequence coverage.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By using this program, we found a prediction of predominantly a-helical (44.86%), Strand (1.08%) and random coil (54.05%) content for the coding sequence of SrNDR. Based on the alignment of this protein with homologous sequences from related nematodes, it may play a vital role in parasite survival within host cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 5","pages":"1291-1300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Osun River Heavy Metal Contamination on Testicular Function in Wistar Rats.","authors":"Opeyemi Adeleke Samson, Oni Tolulope Ayodeji, Adunfe Oluwatobi Oluseun, Adeyemi Babatunde Samuel, Hyperlink, Adeeyo Olusola Atilade","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3497","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3497","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Osun River is prone to contamination from industrial, agricultural, and domestic activities, resulting in heavy metal pollution. Widespread contaminants such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and arsenic can build up in aquatic ecosystems, presenting serious health hazards to both wildlife and humans. Even at low concentrations, heavy metals are toxic, with the testes being particularly vulnerable given their essential functions in reproduction and hormone regulation. This study aims to examine the potential testicular damage resulting from prolonged exposure to heavy metal-contaminated Osun River water.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>Thirty adult male Wistar rats, averaging 160 g in weight, were randomly divided into six groups (A-F), with each group consisting of five rats. Group A functioned as the control, whereas groups B, C, and D were exposed to mercury (6.8 mg/kg), cyanide (25.8 mg/kg), and lead (47 mg/kg), respectively. Group E received a combination of two heavy metals (lead and mercury) and a toxic compound (cyanide), while group F was given unrestricted access to Osun River water. All substances were administered orally via an oral cannula for a duration of four weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical analysis revealed no significant differences among the groups exposed to mercury, cyanide, lead, and Osun River water. Toxic effects on the testes included disorganization of seminiferous tubules, altered spermatogenic cell arrangement, structural changes in the basal membrane, testicular stroma abnormalities, and reduced sperm count, motility, and viability. These effects were dose- and time-dependent, occurring even at low concentrations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings demonstrate that exposure to heavy metals, whether individually or through contaminated Osun River water, leads to significant testicular damage. The observed alterations in testicular architecture and sperm parameters emphasize the toxic impact of mercury, cyanide, and lead on reproductive health. This study underscores the importance of addressing environmental contamination to safeguard both human and animal reproductive systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 5","pages":"1259-1268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Neonatal Sprague-Dawley Rats as a Potential Animal Model for the Neurovirulence Test of an Iranian Mumps Vaccine Strain, RS-12.","authors":"Shahkarami Mohammad Kazem, Taqavian Mohammad, Hablolvarid Mohammad Hasan, Mohammadi Ashraf, Foroughi Abolhasan, Shahbazi Reza, ShahKarami Mazyar, Yousefi Ali Reza","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3696","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3696","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mumps virus (MuV), a neurotropic member of paramyxoviridae, causes mumps disease. Since the 1960s, when the first live-attenuated vaccine against the MuV was developed, mumps outbreaks have dramatically decreased. A monkey-based neurovirulence test has been developed and has been used to assess the safety of attenuated MuV strains. However, laboratory and clinical findings have suggested that the monkey-based test may not necessarily reflect the neurovirulence behavior of the MuV when administered to the vaccinees. A neonatal rat-based MuV neurovirulence safety test has been developed and recommended by reference institutions in recent years. This test in Lewis rats was first introduced in 1998. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats for the neurovirulence test of an Iranian MuV vaccine strain, RS-12.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>One-day-old Sprague-Dawley newborn rats were intracranially injected with MRC-5 cell supernatant (assigned as \"C\" for the control group), the RS-12 attenuated strain (assigned as \"V\" for the vaccine group), and the RS-12 wild-type strain (assigned as \"W\" for the wild-type group), respectively. The animals were observed for 30 days post-injection with regard to weight gain, viral titer in the brain tissue, and appearance of hydrocephalus in the brain sections.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean weight gain in groups C and W was the highest and lowest respectively. Regression analysis of log-transformed weight values revealed a significant difference between group C and group W. A significant difference between group V and group W was seen. There was no significant difference between the weight gain of group C and group V. No MuVs were detected in the homogenized brain samples of group C, and in groups V and W, the viral titers showed a continuous decrease during the observation period. In the microscopic view of brain sections, the hydrocephalus started to form on day 15 post-injection and reached its highest extent on day 30. On day 30 post-injection, the hydrocephalus area was determined as a maximum of 1%, 5%, and 10% for the C, V, and W groups, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study has introduced the newborn Sprague-Dawley rat model, capable of demonstrating the neurovirulence potential of MuV in vaccines and distinguishing between wild-type and attenuated RS-12 strains. Further experiments are needed for the optimization and validation of the test procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 5","pages":"1171-1178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Concurrent Identification of SARS-Cov-2 and Influenza A/B Viruses in Nasopharyngeal Swabs Using Multiplex Real-time PCR.","authors":"Khodaei Hannan, Yari Mohammad Ehsan, Ardehali Seyed Hossein, Alebouyeh Masoud, Abdollahi Nafiseh, Fallah Fatemeh, Azimi Leila, Armin Shahnaz, Karimi Abdollah, Rokni Hirad","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3482","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Respiratory viral infections vary in their clinical presentation, treatment approaches and outcomes. Therefore, accurate, timely and cost-effective detection of key pathogens, particularly SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B, which are among the most common causes of respiratory infections, is crucial. This study aimed to identify the presence of COVID-19 and influenza A/B, as well as their co-occurrence, in hospitalized pediatric patients presenting with respiratory viral infections symptoms.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>Nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from pediatric patients admitted to Mofid Children's Hospital in Tehran, Iran who exhibited symptoms of viral respiratory infections. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B was achieved using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) following total RNA extraction of samples. Data regarding symptoms and other pertinent information about the patients were collected via a questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2,353 hospitalized children in this study, ranging from under one year old to 18 years old. Of these 43% were female and 57% male. Fever was the most commonly reported symptom. The results of the multiplex real-time PCR were positive in 8% of cases, including 55% for COVID-19, 8.5% forinfluenza A, 26% for influenza B, and 10.5% for co-infections.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study suggest a decline in seasonal influenza incidence compared to previous years, potentially due to the improved personal protection measures during to the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, the presence of co-infection in this study is important and this co-infection should be considered in treatment and diagnostic systems in respiratory infection by physicians. Importantly, the presence of co-infections highlights the need for clinicians to consider dual pathogen involvement in diagnosis and treatment strategies for respiratory infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 5","pages":"1123-1128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222425/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Inflammatory Markers (PV, ESR, CRP) in the Early Diagnosis of Cancer and Their Relationship With Survival Rate.","authors":"Salehi Kahyesh Roya, Halakou Ahmad, Farhadi Kia Arta, Perk Emir Yiğit, Ahani Mahshid, Bitaraf Saeid","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3136","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigates the prevalence of cancer, compares inflammatory factors, and examines how inflammatory markers- C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and plasma viscosity (PV)-can aid in the early diagnosis of cancer in primary care settings.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>We included newly diagnosed patients of all types of malignancy (children and adults) in this retrospective study from 2018 to 2023. The results of CRP, ESR, PV tests, and demographic data (age, gender, type of malignancy, and survival) were collected. Research data were analyzed using the t-test and chi-square statistical methods. According to the results, the average ESR and PV were higher in patients who died than in those who survived (P<0.05). In addition, it was shown that there was a significant relationship between the age and gender of the patients and their survival (P<0.05). It was also shown that there was a significant relationship between the survival of patients with ESR, CRP, and PV across different cancers (P<0.05). On the other hand, a significant correlation was found between ESR, CRP, and PV among different cancers (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on the results, it was shown that the average ESR and PV were higher in patients who died than in those who survived (P<0.05). In addition, it was shown that there was a significant relationship between the age and gender of the patients and their survival (P<0.05). It was also shown that there was a significant relationship between the survival of patients and ESR, CRP and PV across different cancers (P<0.05). On the other hand, it was shown that there was a significant correlation between ESR, CRP and PV among different cancers (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To halt the progression of acute inflammation to chronic inflammation and mitigate its harmful implications, it is essential to reduce the inflammatory response. Efficient management of inflammation is crucial in preventing patient mortality and is thus essential for the treatment and survival of patients with malignancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 5","pages":"1269-1276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced Vaccine Design Strategies for Toxoplasmosis: A Computational Analysis of <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> Rhoptry Protein 13 (ROP13).","authors":"Zaki Leila, Vafae Eslahi Aida, Foroutan Masoud, Pirestani Majid, Hatam-Nahavandi Kareem, Karimipour-Saryazdi Amir, Ghaffari Cherati Mohammad, Diaz Daniel, Badri Milad","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3301","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.5.3301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong><i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>, an intracellular parasite, utilizes a variety of rhoptry proteins (ROPs) to facilitate invasion and interaction with host cells. Among these ROPs, rhoptry protein 13 (ROP13) stands out for its expression in both bradyzoite and tachyzoite forms of <i>T. gondii</i> and its ability to engage with various host cytoplasmic compartments.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>In this bioinformatics study, we employed a range of tools to predict the fundamental characteristics of the ROP13 protein.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed that the ROP13 protein consists of 400 amino acid residues with an average molecular weight (MW) of 44,714.15 daltons. The grand average of hydropathicity (GRAVY) was determined to be -0.311, indicating the protein's hydrophilic nature, while the aliphatic index scored 84.40, highlighting its hydrophobic character. Furthermore, we identified 43 post-translationally modified sites within the ROP13 sequence. When examining the secondary structure, the ROP13 protein was predicted to have a composition of 40% alpha helix, 9.25% extended strand, and 50.75% random coil using the GOR4 method, suggesting a diverse structural organization that may contribute to its functional versatility. Additionally, our analysis identified several potential B- and T-cell epitopes within the ROP13 sequence, indicating regions that could be targeted for immune responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The bioinformatics analysis of ROP13 provides valuable insights into its structural, immunogenic, and antigenic properties, highlighting its potential as a target for vaccine development against toxoplasmosis. By leveraging the predicted characteristics of ROP13, researchers can explore various vaccine strategies to enhance host immunity and combat <i>T. gondii</i> infection effectively. Continued investigation into the molecular mechanisms underlying ROP13's interactions with host cells will further elucidate its role in <i>T. gondii</i> pathogenesis and guide the development of innovative approaches to mitigate this prevalent parasitic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 5","pages":"1301-1320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13222419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}