Archives of Razi Institute最新文献

{"title":"Permethrin Resistancein Field Populations of <i>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</i> sensu lato (Latrielle, 1806) Collected From Dogs in Eastern Iran.","authors":"Valizadeh Abolfazl, Shirali Saloomeh, Solgi Rahmat, Khaksar Ehsan","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ARI.80.6.3577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The high level of acaricide resistance in ticks has become a challenge for dog owners in Iran.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>This study was conducted in South Khorasan Province of Iran in 2024. In this study, the resistance status of <i>Rhipicephalus sanguineus</i> (Acari Ixodidae) to permethrin at various concentrations was evaluated using the larval packet test (LPT) method recommended by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were conducted to investigate the mechanisms of resistance to acaricides. We used PCR to amplify segment 6 of domain III of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel protein from both pyrethroid-susceptible and pyrethroid-resistant tick strains.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LPT discriminating dose bioassays confirmed the pyrethroid resistance phenotype of the analyzed strains. The mortality rate at LC99 ranged between 38.1 and 49.1%. At the discriminating dose, survival rates ranged from 48.3% to 60.1%. Additionally, of the 40 ticks analyzed, mutations <i>C2130T</i> and <i>T2134C</i> were detected in 38(95%) ticks.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of permethrin resistance in <i>R. sanguineus</i> populations in Iran highlights the need for alternative control strategies, and the identification of genetic mutations provides valuable information for understanding the mechanisms of resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 6","pages":"1543-1550"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective Effects of <i>Rauwolfia vomitoria</i> Against 3-nitropropionic Acid-induced Motor Impairment and Oxidative Stress in Mice.","authors":"Enene Esu Ukpai, Umoh Ekementeabasi Aniebo, Samaila Saminu, Adedayo Lawrence Dayo","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ARI.80.6.3419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Motor dysfunction severely reduces quality of life and is frequently linked to neurodegenerative disorders. By inhibiting succinate dehydrogenase, 3-nitropropionic acid (3- NP), a toxin, targets mitochondria and results in neurodegeneration. Neurons perish and lose energy as a result. Numerous models of neurodegenerative diseases with motor impairment have made use of this neurotoxic impact. Because of its phytoconstituents, the medicinal plant <i>Rauwolfia vomitoria</i> (RV) has neuroprotective qualities. The precise effects of RV on oxidative stress brought on by 3-NP and the deterioration of motor coordination, however, are still poorly understood. The objective of this research is to assess RV's neuroprotective benefits against oxidative stress and motor impairment brought on by 3-NP in mice.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>At 10 weeks of age, thirty Swiss male mice weighing between 19 and 35 g were split into three groups at random (n=10) and given the following treatments: Group II received 3-NP 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 5 days, group III received 3-NP 15 mg/kg (i.p.) and RV 20 mg/kg (p.o.), and group I received 2 mL of distilled water orally (p.o.) as the control. The beam walk test was used to assess motor coordination on the final day of the 21- day treatment. Following the neurobehavioral experiments, the animals were put to sleep, and blood was drawn by cardiac puncture. The levels of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured in the samples. 3-NP significantly reduced motor coordination, as demonstrated by the increase in foot slips, decreases in reversals, and line crossings during the beam walk test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Concurrently, 3-NP generated oxidative stress, as demonstrated by increased levels of MDA and a decrease in levels of CAT, SOD, and GSH. Upon administration of RV, a considerable amelioration of the motor impairments and decreased oxidative stress generated by 3-NP occurred, which was indicated by an increase in the levels of CAT, SOD, and GPx and a reduction in MDA.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In a 3-NP-induced model of motor dysfunction, the study's results demonstrated RV's neuroprotective capability and antioxidant qualities. They also point to RV as a possible treatment for movement disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 6","pages":"1443-1450"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490644/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and Antibacterial Properties of Actinomycetes From Yellow Olive Tree (<i>Olea europaea</i>).","authors":"Nemati Pardis, Nemati Mostafa, Pourahmad Fazel","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ARI.80.6.3524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The symbiotic relationships between actinomycetes and their host plants further enhance their potential as sources of bioactive compounds. These bacteria produce a wide array of secondary metabolites with antimicrobial, insecticidal, and anticancer properties, making them valuable for bioprospecting in pharmaceuticals and agriculture. The ineffectiveness of existing antibiotics has resulted in higher morbidity and mortality rates, alongside escalating healthcare costs due to treatment failures. The rise of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens poses a significant threat to global health, necessitating the discovery of novel antimicrobial agents.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>This study isolates and characterizes endophytic actinomycetes from the yellow olive tree (<i>Olea europaea</i>), a plant known for its rich phytochemical composition, to evaluate their antibacterial potential against ESKAPE pathogens. Samples were collected from olive tree roots, yielding 54 bacterial isolates, of which 45(83.3%) were identified as actinomycetes through <i>16S rRNA</i> gene amplification. Among these, 16 isolates (35.6%) exhibited antibacterial activity against drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Molecular screening revealed that 66.7%, 28.9%, and 93.3% of the isolates harbored non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (<i>NRPS</i>), polyketide synthase I (<i>PKS-I</i>), and polyketide synthase II (<i>PKS-II</i>) genes, respectively, which are associated with secondary metabolites biosynthesis. However, no direct correlation was found between these biosynthetic genes and antibacterial activity, suggesting that gene expression and environmental factors play crucial roles in metabolite production.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the potential of endophytic actinomycetes from <i>O. europaea</i> as a source of novel antimicrobial compounds, particularly in the fight against MDR pathogens. These findings underscore the importance of exploring plant-associated microbes for developing new therapeutic agents to address the global antibiotic resistance crisis.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 6","pages":"1533-1542"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490643/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Venom Lethality: The Incompatibility of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> Extract in Snakebite Management.","authors":"Fathi Behrooz, Zeinali Tayebeh, Salami Fatemeh","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3557","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Snakebite envenoming is recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a neglected public health issue, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions. Since some victims of snake bites have been reported to use Cannabis sativa to fight snakebite envenoming, the objective of this study was to examine the impact of this herb on the lethal effects of <i>Naja naja oxiana</i> cobra venom in mice.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>This study utilized four protocols and 80 mice, divided into ten equal groups. The intraperitoneal (IP) route was used for injection. In protocol I (control), group A received 2 mg/kg of venom . Groups B1, B2, and B3 received <i>C. sativa</i> extract at doses of 80, 120, and 160 mg/kg, respectively. In protocol II, groups C1 and C2 received simultaneous administration of 80 and 120 mg/kg of the extract together with 2 mg/kg of venom. In protocol III, groups D1 and D2 were injected with 2 mg/kg of venom, followed by administration of 80 and 120 mg/kg of the extract after a 20-minute interval. In protocol IV, groups E1 and E2 received the pre-incubated (20 minutes) of venom-extract at the similar doses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, animals succumbed to death 35 minutes after being injected with venom. The extract significantly reduced this time in groups C1, C2, D2, E1 (P<0.01), and E2 (P<0.001) compared with group A.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The <i>C. sativa</i> was not only unable to neutralize the lethal effect of <i>N. n. oxiana</i> venom, but it also potentiates its effect, significantly decreasing the time of the animal's death.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 6","pages":"1633-1642"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13498449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Microbiological Insights into Caseous Lymphadenitis in Sheep and Goats in Khorasan Razavi, Iran.","authors":"Firozeh Anoosh, Mohammadi Gholamreza, Rad Mehrnaz","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3596","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), a chronic bacterial disease caused by <i>Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis</i>, significantly impacts small-ruminant health and productivity worldwide, causing economic losses through reduced wool and milk yields, reproductive issues, and carcass condemnation. Despite its importance, CLA prevalence and microbial dynamics remain under explored in Iran, where small ruminants are vital to rural economies. This study assessed the prevalence, clinical manifestations, and bacteriological profile of CLA in Khorasan Razavi Province, northeast Iran, to inform regional control strategies and address potential zoonotic risks.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>We examined 15 flocks totaling 4,733 animals (4,640 sheep, 93 goats) through clinical inspections and microbiological analysis of pus samples from affected lymph nodes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed a lymphadenitis prevalence of 11.59% (95% CI, 10.58%, 12.66%), with 8.62% of sheep (400/4640) and 8.60% of goats (8/93) affected, varying across flocks from 0% to 28.57%. Submandibular lymph nodes were most commonly affected (51.35%), followed by retropharyngeal (18.02%) and parotid (15.32%) nodes, with peak incidence in the 2-3-year age group (38.24%), likely linked to shearing practices. Bacteriological analysis of 102 pus samples identified <i>C. pseudotuberculosis</i> in 19.6% (20/102) of cases, characterized by small, dry, white colonies with β-hemolysis on Columbia blood agar. A diverse microbial profile included <i>Actinobacillus</i> spp. (7.8%), <i>Trueperella pyogenes</i> (3.9%), and novel isolates like <i>Acinetobacter</i> spp. and <i>Yersinia</i> spp. (1.0% each), with 43.14% of samples sterile, suggesting chronicity or sampling challenges.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings indicate CLA etiology is complex, extending beyond a single pathogen and influenced by local husbandry practices. The study underscores CLA's economic burden and zoonotic potential, given rare but documented human cases. Integrated control measures-enhanced molecular diagnostics, recombinant phospholipase D (PLD) vaccine trials, and improved biosecurity-are urgently needed. Future research should prioritize genomic strain typing and environmental reservoir analysis to refine CLA management in Northeast Iran, offering insights applicable to similar agroecosystems globally.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 6","pages":"1551-1558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13529606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148872903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creation and Implementation of the Modern Treatment in Eimeria and Esophagostomiasis Invasion: Case Report in the Farms \"Ulan\", \"Erlan\", and \"Balke\".","authors":"Nurzhumanova Zhanat, Zhexenayeva Assel, Zhubantayeva Altyn Nurymovna, Suleimenov Shyngys, Yessengulova Nurlygul, Kassymbekova Leila","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3506","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3506","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Parasitic diseases in sheep reduce sheep-breeding productivity and decrease the economic efficiency of the industry. Our research aim was to study of the dynamics of clinical sings development in the manifestation of associated eimeriosis and esophagostomosis invasion, as well as concomitant immunodeficiency state in experimentally infested lambs, and to evaluate the efficiency of complex treatment approach for associated invasions.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted using helminthoscopic methods with the subsequent calculation of indicators of extensiveness and intensity of infestation, as well as haematological studies to determine of subpopulations of T- and B-lymphocytes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Due to the more active development of protozoa, the main symptoms of associated invasion were those typical for acute Eimeriosis. Progression of the disease was accompanied by an increase in the intensity of invasion both in relation to Eimeria and Esophagostomes. At the same time, in animals with the development of invasion, there was a decrease in the total number of leukocytes (up to 25%), including T- and B-lymphocytes, indicating a decrease in humoral defense of the lambs' organism. On the 24^th day after infection, an increase in the level of T-lymphocytes (by 0.8%) was noted, due to an increase in T-helpers (by 2.0%). For treatment of associated infestation, Sulfamonomethoxine in combinationwith niacid was used. The use of these drugs in recommended doses and according to the developed scheme reduced the intensity of Eimeriosis invasion by 97-98% and esophagostomosis by 100%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides data on eimerioses and eimeriosis-esophagostomosis infestation in sheep. In describing eimerioses and helminthoses of sheep, the species composition, distribution, and seasonal age dynamics of infestation were determined. The developed method of treatment showed high therapeutic effect and can be recommended for use in all sheep farms of the Republic of Kazakhstan.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 6","pages":"1643-1652"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13498447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antinociceptive Role of β-alanine in Hot Plate-induced Pain in Mice.","authors":"Abbasi Aida, Hassanpour Shahin, Khaksar Ehsan","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ARI.80.6.3433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pain is a distressing sensation that arises as a consequence of damage to bodily tissues, whereas β-alanine is an amino acid that is both nonessential and non-proteinogenic, functioning as an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Hence, the purpose of this investigation was to ascertain the analgesic role of β-alanine in the context of pain induced by exposure to a hot plate in mice.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>A total of 85 male NMRI mice were employed in five separate experiments. In the initial experiment, the mice were administered saline, β-alanine at doses of 15 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, and 45 mg/kg, as well as morphine at a dose of 5 mg/kg. In the second experiment, the mice were given saline, β-alanine at a dose of 30 mg/kg once daily for a duration of 7 days, naloxone at a dose of 2 mg/kg, and naloxone in combination with β-alanine at a dose of 30 mg/kg. For experiments 3-5, the mice were subjected to flumazenil (5 mg/kg), L-NAME (10 mg/kg), and 6-hydroxydopamine (100 mg/kg) instead of naloxone. Importantly, the mice received β-alanine once daily for a period of 7 days, whereas all the antagonists were administered 30 minutes prior to the respective tests. Subsequently, the hot plate test was employed to measure pain responses, both prior to and at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes following the injections, by recording the response latency time. At the end of the experiments, blood samples were obtained and used to determine the levels of serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total antioxidant status (TAS), and nitric oxide (NO).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings revealed that morphine led to a significant increase in the latency time (P<0.05), similarly, β-alanine resulted in a notable increase in the latency time (P<0.05). Interestingly, pretreatment with β-alanine followed by naloxone resulted in a decrease in the latency time (P<0.05). Similarly, pretreatment with β-alanine followed by flumazenil significantly reduced the latency time on the hot plate (P<0.05). Furthermore, pretreatment with β-alanine followed by L-NAME led to an increase in the latency time (P<0.05). Administration of β-alanine resulted in a decrease in serum NO and MDA levels, and an increase in SOD, GPx, and TAS levels (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Collectively, these findings suggest that the antinociceptive activity of β-alanine is mediated through GABAergic mechanisms and NO production, and possibly through its antioxidant properties, in the context of pain induced by exposure to a hot plate in mice.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 6","pages":"1459-1468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Postpartum Health Disorders in Dairy Cattle: First Report in Algeria.","authors":"Dahmani Radhia, Kebbal Seddik, Nabi Mustapha, Kalem Amar, Salhi Omar, Ouchene Nassim, Touhami Nadjet Amina Khelifi","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32598/ARI.80.6.3514","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The postpartum period in dairy cows is vital for their health and herd productivity. Effective management, including proper nutrition and disease prevention, helps prevent metabolic and reproductive issues, ensuring optimal milk production, enhancing cow longevity, and farm sustainability. The study aims to determine the main postpartum disorders in dairy cows from seven Algerian wilayas: Oran, Tipaza, Mila, M'sila, Setif, Medea, and Ghardaia.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>A total of 1153 dairy cows were examined. Overall, 37.21% of cows presented with 1 postpartum disorder, while 25.59% of cows had ≥2 postpartum disorders (P<0.0001). Inflammatory disorders (31.66%) were more frequent than metabolic disorders (MET) (24.89%) (P<0.0001). The most frequent postpartum disorders were acute metritis (AM) and lameness (LAM), followed by retained placenta (RP) and mastitis (MAS) (P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Holstein cows were more prone to mastitis (17.98%) and delayed uterine involution (DUI) (6.07%), while Montbeliarde cows exhibit a high prevalence of lameness (52.61%) (P<0.001). Inflammatory disorders (metritis, DUI) decrease as the number of lactations increases, while lameness is particularly frequent starting from the third lactation (>30%) (P<0.001). Cows that experienced dystocic calving show a higher prevalence of inflammatory and MET compared to those with normal calving (P<0.001). Multiparous cows exhibit higher rates of metabolic and inflammatory disorders (P<0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Postpartum disorders in dairy cows require careful management to minimize their negative effects on milk production, reproduction, and overall health. Effective monitoring and timely interventions during the early lactation transition period are crucial for maintaining herd performance and profitability.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 6","pages":"1523-1532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490692/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seroprevalence of Bovine Herpesvirus Type 1 Among the Cattle Population in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Hassani Masoud, Hemmatzadeh Farhid","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3041","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) is the causative agent of several clinical manifestations, including infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, infectious pustular vulvovaginitis/balanoposthitis, conjunctivitis, encephalitis, abortion, infertility, mastitis, enteritis, dermatitis, and the systemic form of the infection in newborn calves. Although many investigations regarding the prevalence of BHV-1 infection in cattle in Iran have been conducted, until now there has been a lack of comprehensive information on the BHV-1 status in Iran. We aimed to present the seroprevalence of BHV-1 in the cattle population in Iran based on a systematic review and meta-analysis study and also to give useful outputs in formulating the infection-control strategies. The meta-analysis study was conducted using national and international databases to find articles which evaluated BHV-1 seroprevalence by antibody-capture enzyme linked immono sorbert assay (ELISA) in cattle in Iran by searching terms including Bovine herpesvirus type 1, cow, cattle, bovine, Iran, epidemiology, and prevalence alone or in combination in both English and Farsi languages. After reviewing 124 published documents, a total of 25 studies from 20 documents were eligible to be included in this meta-analysis study. The analysis was performed using the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software, VERSION 3. The total seroprevalence of BHV-1 in apparently healthy cattle at the animal and herd levels based on the ELISA test was 40.2% (95% CI, 32.3%, 48.6%) and 75.5% (95% CI, 63.9%, 84.2%), respectively. A well-defined control strategy for preventing and controlling BHV-1 infection in Iran should be based on further studies on BHV-1 epidemiology, control of animal and semen importation, the use of marker vaccines, and planned biosecurity measures to control the epidemiological risk of infection due to the presence of BHV-1 latent carriers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 6","pages":"1369-1378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13490305/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Androctonus nazarii</i>, a New Species of Scorpions From Khuzestan Province, Iran (Scorpiones: Buthidae).","authors":"Salabi Fatemeh, Zangi Bahman, Forouzan Alireza, Jahan-Mahin Mohammad Hossein, Kazemi Seyed Mahdi","doi":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3928","DOIUrl":"10.32598/ARI.80.6.3928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recent research has clarified the historically complex taxonomy of the medically significant scorpion genus <i>Androctonus</i> in Iran, chiefly by resolving the <i>A. crassicauda</i> Olivier, 1807 species complex and describing numerous new species. However, the taxonomic status of certain populations in Khuzestan Province (south-western Iran) has remained unsettled.</p><p><strong>Materials & methods: </strong>The new scorpion species, <i>Androctonus nazarii</i> sp. nov., was collected from Baghmalek in the Zagros Mountains of Khuzestan Province, Iran. The species description is based on two male specimens, which were characterized by a set of distinct morphological features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The species exhibits distinctive diagnostic characteristics, including a brownish- yellow coloration, a light brown carapace devoid of ocular black patches and featuring fine granulation, uniformly yellow legs, and a specific yellowish-brown, finely granulated chela manus. A detailed comparison with its closest relatives (<i>A. crassicauda</i>, <i>A. zagrosensis</i>, <i>A. sumericus</i>, and <i>A. barahoeii</i>) confirms its distinctiveness.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Its discovery fills an important taxonomic gap in south-western Iran and carries significant implications for public health and conservation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"80 6","pages":"1567-1580"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13498448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}