Archives of Razi Institute最新文献

{"title":"Immunological Response and Nutritional Effects of <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp.-fermented Garlic on Turkey Broilers.","authors":"N H Qui, N T Linh, Nta Thu, K Nang, N H Phong, B N Minh, N Tu Tai, D D Luc, A Triatmojo","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.345","DOIUrl":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the era of free antibiotics used in animal production, the application of feed additives should be prioritized to improve poultry health and production.  The present study was conducted to evaluate the influences of garlic fermented by <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. on the growth rate, intestinal microorganisms, and immune response of turkey broilers. A completely randomized design was used, involving 90 turkey broilers aged 1-56 days, with five treatments and three replicates per treatment. The birds were given feed and water <i>ad libitum</i> for the entire experiment period. The treatments included the supplementation of aqueous extract from fermented garlic (FG) to drinking water. The results showed that broilers supplemented with 0.8% FG exhibited the largest final body weight (1,158 g/bird), body weight gain (19.64 g/bird/day), and significantly improved feed conversion ratio (1.962) while decreasing the feed intake of turkey broilers from to 1-56 days. The immune organ indices, including the spleen, thymus, and bursa of Fabricius indices, were increased in the 0.6% FG treatment group (<i>P</i><0.05), while antibody titers (at 28 and 42 days of age) were improved in the 0.6% and 0.8% FG treatments (<i>P</i><0.05). <i>Clostridium perfringens</i> and <i>Salmonella</i> spp. were not detected in the intestines of these birds, while the amount of <i>Escherichia coli</i> was reduced (<i>P</i><0.05) and <i>Lactobacillus</i> spp. increased (<i>P</i>>0.05) without a significant effect. It can be concluded that supplementation with 0.8% FG improved growth performance, and 0.6% FG may enhance the immunity of turkeys. Moreover, 0.6% and 0.8% FG could be widely used for poultry production.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 2","pages":"345-354"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pro- or anti-inflammatory properties of cytokines in COVID-19: which offer better protection against disease?","authors":"Z Jadali","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.246","DOIUrl":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.246","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 2","pages":"246-247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro anti-<i>Toxoplasma</i> effects and apoptotic induction of queen bee acid (10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid) alone and in combination with atovaquone.","authors":"P Asgari, S Pourhossein","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.321","DOIUrl":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Toxoplasmosis, which is caused by the <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> parasite, is a parasitic, infectious disease. 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-H2DA, queen bee acid (QBA), is one of the most prevalent fatty acids (>40%) present in royal jelly. Studies have pointed to antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and antimicrobial effects of 10-H2DA, improving the immune system. This experimental survey aimed to assess the <i>in vitro</i> efficacy of QBA against tachyzoites and intracellular parasites of the <i>T. gondii</i> RH strain. Anti-<i>Toxoplasma</i> effects of QBA against tachyzoites were examined by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay for 30, 60, 120, and 180 min. In addition, the effect of QBA on infection rate and intracellular parasites was studied. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (Real-Time PCR) was also applied to assess the expression level of the Caspase-3 gene. The best efficiency of QBA was obtained at 100 and 50 µg/mL, whereas all tachyzoites were diminished, followed by 120- and 180-min treatment, respectively. It was also found that the best repressing efficacy of QBA in the infection rate and the load of parasites into the Vero cells was indicated at 100 µg/mL (<i>P</i><0.001). Nonetheless, the combination of QBA (12.5 µg/mL) along with atovaquone 30 µg/mL displayed the most marked effect on the infection rate and a load of parasites into the Vero cells in the infected Vero cells. The expression level of the Caspase-3 gene was dose-dependently increased after the exposure of tachyzoites to QBA, mainly at ½ IC₅₀ and IC₅₀ compared to normal saline. The obtained findings exhibited the high <i>in vitro</i> potency of QBA, especially in combination with atovaquone against <i>T. gondii</i> RH strain tachyzoites. Although apoptosis induction can be suggested as one of the principle mechanisms, more studies are required to elucidate its accurate mechanisms, as well as its efficacy and safety in animal models and clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 2","pages":"321-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512168/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Diphtheria Attending the Infectious Disease Hospital in Delhi.","authors":"B D Kamble, S K Singh, V G Chellaiyan, S Jethani, M Gunjan, J Jenniferbritto","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.355","DOIUrl":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.355","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diphtheria is a re-emerging disease with a changing epidemiology. It is thus essential to recognize diphtheria's clinical profile, patterns of morbidity and mortality, and the level of immunization. This study aimed to analyze the clinical-epidemiological profile of patients with diphtheria at the Infectious Disease Hospital, New Delhi, India. The present study was a cross-sectional investigation conducted on 94 patients diagnosed with diphtheria. The data collection tool was a questionnaire that had questions eliciting details such as socio-demographic characteristics, clinical history, examination findings, and vaccination history. The case fatality rate was calculated. Means and proportions were also measured, and the significance level was set at <i>P</i> <0.05. The meanSD age of the participants was 94.4 years. Laryngeal involvement was found in 10 (11%) participants. Complete diphtheria vaccination doses were taken by 6 (6.4%) participants. The case fatality rate was 13%, and complications such as neuropathy were found in 21 (22%) cases, cardiac problems in 12 (13%), and respiratory problems in 13 (14%). Longer duration of the illness, delayed presentation, and complications were associated with poor clinical outcomes (<i>P</i><0.05). The majority of diphtheria cases were 6-10 years old and had a low socio-economic status. Most of them had a partial vaccination against diphtheria. Around one-third of the patients had complications related to diphtheria, and the case fatality rate was also high. Key preventive measures for controlling the deadly diphtheria disease include specialized immunization programs for areas with poor immunization coverage, as well as the early detection and treatment of suspected cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 2","pages":"355-360"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512191/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Study of <i>Anaplasma</i> spp. in Horses, Sheep, and Goats with Phylogenetic Analysis in Northwest Iran.","authors":"H Akbari, M Basaki, A Imani Baran, Z Akbarzadeh","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.327","DOIUrl":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.327","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaplasmosis, a tick-borne disease with worldwide distribution, impacts ruminants, equines, carnivores, and humans. This study aimed to investigate <i>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</i> in horses from Ardabil province and <i>Anaplasma ovis</i> in small ruminants from East Azerbaijan province using the Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein of 100 healthy horses in the Ardabil province and 156 healthy sheep and goats (116 sheep and 40 goats) in the East Azerbaijan province during the spring and summer seasons of 2016 in northwest Iran. The collected blood samples were stored at -20°C until the molecular experiments were conducted. Nested PCR was employed to detect <i>A. phagocytophilum</i> in horses and <i>A. ovis</i> in small ruminants using extracted DNA and amplifying <i>16S rRNA</i> and <i>msp4</i> genes. The Chi-square test of independence was used to determine the relationship between Anaplasma spp., infection, and independent variables, including age, gender, animal species, and sampling location. None of the 100 samples collected from horses in the Ardabil province were positive for <i>A. phagocytophilum</i>. In the East Azerbaijan province, 11 out of the 156 (7.05%) blood samples collected from sheep and goats tested positive for <i>A. ovis</i>. In addition, <i>A. ovis</i> infection was not significantly related to the independent variables. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the sequence obtained in this study (MH790273) had 100% homology with the sequence obtained from sheep infected with Anaplasma in Ahvaz province (JQ621903.1). The findings of this study can contribute to the prevention and control of anaplasmosis in farm animals in northwestern Iran.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 2","pages":"327-334"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunological and cytokine profile (IL-25 and IL-35) in patients with <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> infection in Southern Iraq.","authors":"AKh Khalaf, FAb Sabeeh","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.315","DOIUrl":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amoebiasis is an intestinal disease caused by a unicellular parasite called <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>. Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is the youngest specific member of the IL-12 family that plays a major role in the inhibitory function of regulatory T cells (Tregs) to curb inflammatory responses. IL-25 of the IL-17 family, which is widely released by Th2 cells and epithelial cells, is a warning signal produced upon cell or tissue injury to activate immune cells. The present study aimed to determine the cytokine profile (IL-25 and IL-35) in patients with <i>E. histolytica</i> infection in southern Iraq. This hospital-based study was conducted from August 2022 to May 2023. The study participants were patients with <i>E. histolytica</i> infection admitted to the infection department of general hospitals in Thi-qar province, southern Iraq. Initially, <i>E. histolytica</i> amebiasis was detected in the patients by nested multiplex PCR. All collected sera were tested with the Human Interleukin 35 (Biotech, China, Cat.RD-IL35-Hu) and IL25 (Biotech, China, Cat.RD-IL25-Hu) ELISA kits according to the instructions of the manufacturer. A total of 80 patients, including 50 patients with <i>E. histolytica</i> infection and 30 subjects in the control group without <i>E. histolytica</i> infection, were enrolled in the present study. The results showed a significant difference (p<0.001) in the serum level of IL-25 in patients with <i>E. histolytica</i> infection (4275.19 pg/mL) compared to individuals in the control group without <i>E. histolytica</i> infection (2186 pg/mL). Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the serum levels of IL-35 patients with <i>E. histolytica</i> infection compared with individuals in the control group without <i>E. histolytica</i> infection. The results of the present study show that the level of IL-25 is high in patients with <i>E. histolytica</i> infection. This indicates the important role of IL-25 in the activation of the immune system during intestinal inflammation. Therefore, this cytokine can be used as a diagnostic marker for <i>E. histolytica</i> infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 2","pages":"315-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512188/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Surveillance of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> from Stray Dogs and Cats and their Fleas in Algiers.","authors":"S Zaidi, A Bessas, D Hezil, H Benseghir, I Bitam","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.279","DOIUrl":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, plague has re-emerged in several countries around the world and remains endemic in some regions. In a natural environment and in contact with rodents and their fleas, stray carnivores are most at risk of catching the disease and maintaining the spread of the bacillus. The present study aimed to demonstrate the presence or absence of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> in stray dogs and cats in the Algiers region by molecular methods and thus determine their role in epidemiology of this disease. Molecular research of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> has also been conducted on fleas from these carnivores. Preliminary identification of ectoparasites to genus and species level was performed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction targeting <i>Yersinia pestis pla</i> gene was used to survey the plague agent in fleas and carnivores captured as stray animals in Algiers (Algeria). Positive qPCR results were tested by PCR sequencing using glpD gene. Among 327 fleas captured from 107 dogs and 365 fleas from 140 cats, prevalence of <i>Ctenocephalides felis</i> was higher in cats (86,96%), whereas that of <i>Ctenocephalides canis</i> and <i>Xenopsylla cheopis</i> were higher in dogs (90,57% and 92,63%, respectively). While internal and external PCR positive controls were positive, none of the 107 dogs spleens and 140 cats spleens and none of the 256 analyzed fleas were positive for <i>Y. pestis</i>. These results suggested that stray cats and dogs are unlikely sources of plague in Algeria, contrary to what has been reported in other plague-endemic countries. This observation illustrates that the plague epidemiological chain varies from one region to another.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 2","pages":"279-286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512178/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of prevalence and risk factors for <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection among adults in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.","authors":"I A Naqid, Amt Al-Brefkani, N R Hussein","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.272","DOIUrl":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is known to increase the risk of developing gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma, and gastric lymphoma in adults across the globe. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infection and its associated risk factors. This cross-sectional study was conducted among the adult population in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. A total of 259 subjects over the age of 18 who visited the hospitals were included in the study from 2018 to 2020. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was utilized to determine <i>H. pylori</i> seropositivity. A standardized questionnaire was administered to all study participants through face-to-face interviews. The <i>H. pylori</i> immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody data were analyzed using the Chi-square test. The prevalence of anti-<i>H. pylori</i> IgG antibody was present in 40.02% of adults. Among the studied variables, the following risk factors were significantly associated with the presence of anti<i>-H. pylori</i> IgG antibodies: male gender (<i>P</i><0.043), level of education (<i>P</i><0.025), history of gastrointestinal diseases (<i>P</i><0.001), smoking status (<i>P</i><0.001), and more siblings (<i>P</i><0.001). This study supports the hypothesis that <i>H. pylori</i> infection in adults is highly related to poor hygiene and smoking status, low level of education, and crowded conditions. Therefore, in order to reduce the prevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection among adults, it is crucial to implement effective strategies aimed at enhancing fundamental sanitary conditions, as well as improving educational and socioeconomic status.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 2","pages":"272-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512183/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of the Role of Gummosin in Improving Memory in the Scopolamine Impaired Memory Model.","authors":"A Asadi Rizi, L Amjad, M Shahrani, H Amini Khoei","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.248","DOIUrl":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, the role of gummosin in improving memory in the scopolamine memory impairment model was systematically examined. Memory and learning are the most developed and complex functions of the nervous system. Learning is the acquisition of new information that occurs as a change in behavior, and memory is the ability to store and retrieve learned information. In other words, memory is a combination of various processes of information acquisition, consolidation, storage and retrieval. The processes of memory consolidation and storage are the result of a series of time-dependent neurobiological events that occur after the initial formation of memory. In addition, this fluctuation of processes related to memory storage can fully occur shortly after the initial learning experience. Memory is a direct result of learning ,as it stores and retrieves learned experiences and information. The results of our study show that scopolamine leads to impaired memory, learning and synaptic plasticity, which is associated with a change in the expression of various genes and a reduction in the number of hippocampal neurons. The disorders that occurred in the rats of the scopolamine group confirm the model used in this study to induce memory and learning deficits, which is consistent with previous studies confirming the model used to induce Alzheimer's disease. The results of the behavioral tests in this study showed that, consistent with previous work, scopolamine caused a significant increase in anxiety behavior that was associated with a decrease in time spent in the central area compared to the control group, while donepezil injection resulted in a decrease in anxiety behavior. The time spent in the central area was increased compared to the scopolamine group.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 2","pages":"248-263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512176/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the potential application of organic and non-organic nanoparticles for gastric cancer treatment: An evidence-based review.","authors":"N Moradifar, A Moayyedkazemi, H R Mohammadi, S Ahmadi Somaghian, Y Raziani","doi":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.264","DOIUrl":"10.32592/ARI.2024.79.2.264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer, which is considered a major health concern, is the sixth most frequent cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality across the globe. The present survey aimed to systematically review the anti-gastric cancer effect of all organic and inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) in <i>in vitro</i>, <i>in vivo</i>, and clinical trials. The investigation followed the PRISMA guidelines, and the findings were recorded in the CAMARADES-NC3Rs Preclinical Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Facility database. A detailed search was conducted on various English databases, such as Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, PubMed, and Google Scholar, with no specified publication time frame to obtain papers regarding the anti-gastric cancer properties of nanoparticles. The search process was performed using the following terms \"Nanoparticles,\" \"Gastric cancer,\" \"Anti-gastric cancer,\" \"Metal nanoparticles,\" \"Organic nanoparticles,\" \"Inorganic nanoparticles, \"<i>in vitro</i>,\" \"Clinical,\" and \"<i>in vivo</i>,\". Out of 11,189 papers, 31 articles, including 19 (45.5%) <i>in vitro</i>, 3 (13.6%) <i>in vivo</i>, 3 (13.6%) clinical trials, and 6 (27.3%) <i>in vitro</i>/<i>in vivo</i>, up to 2023, met the inclusion criteria for discussion in this systematic review. The most widely used NPs were found to be organic nanoparticles, such as polylactic acid and poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (16, 80.0%), followed by inorganic nanoparticles, such as silver NPs (13, 41.9.0%). This review study highlighted the high anti-gastric cancer potential of a wide range of organic and non-organic NPs through their activity via some mechanisms, such as the induction of apoptosis, gene therapy, and drug delivery. Nonetheless, further studies, especially in clinical settings, are needed to confirm their anti-gastric effects and accurate mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":8311,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Razi Institute","volume":"79 2","pages":"264-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11512170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142493587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}