Archives of Microbiology最新文献

{"title":"Synergistic pathogenesis: exploring biofilms, efflux pumps and secretion systems in Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus aureus","authors":"Praisy Joy Bell I,&nbsp;Rajiniraja Muniyan","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04336-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04336-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing global health crisis, particularly among ESKAPE pathogens: <i>Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Enterobacter</i> species. Among them, <i>A. baumannii</i> and <i>S. aureus</i> are major contributors to nosocomial infections, with high prevalence in intensive care units and immunocompromised patients. Their ability to resist multiple antibiotic classes complicates treatment strategies, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Key resistance mechanisms, including biofilm formation, efflux pump activity, and horizontal gene transfer, enhance their survival and persistence. Furthermore, interactions during polymicrobial infections intensify disease severity through synergistic effects that promote both virulence and resistance. The epidemiological burden of these pathogens highlights the urgent need for novel antimicrobial strategies and targeted interventions. This review explores their virulence factors, resistance mechanisms, pathogenic interactions, and clinical implications, emphasizing the necessity of innovative therapeutic approaches to combat their growing threat.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal changes in cold-inducible and uncharacterized Csps under heat and oxidative stress signify a role in bacterial stress response and adaptation","authors":"Evieann Cardoza,&nbsp;Harinder Singh","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04317-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04317-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>E. coli</i> has a family of nine homologous cold shock proteins (Csps) of which few members are considered stress proteins. Even with high sequence and structural similarity, not all Csps are expressed after a cold shock, and some are not even considered true Csps. Their designation of “cold shock proteins” is therefore misleading. Understanding their roles could shed light on the necessity of multiple Csps in a single bacterium. This study aims to decipher their expression pattern and understand their probable stress-induced functional roles. We analyzed the transcript abundance of <i>csps</i> in response to conditions of nutrients and stresses of cold, heat, and oxidative. The observations revealed diverse induction patterns, with most stresses inducing the uncharacterized and cold-inducible group. In terms of growth in nutrient media, <i>cspA</i>, <i>cspC, cspD,</i> and <i>cspE</i> have varying induction patterns under a rich and minimal medium, while other csps have a stable expression over the growth phases. In response to cold, along with the cold-inducible group, <i>cspF,</i> and cspH are induced whereas cspC, cspD, and <i>cspE</i> do not have a drastic induction pattern. The <i>cspD</i>, <i>cspH,</i> and <i>cspB</i> are particularly upregulated in response to heat, while the levels of <i>cspC</i> decrease over time. Additionally, exposure to 10mM H₂O₂ significantly upregulated <i>cspA</i>, <i>cspF,</i> and <i>cspI</i> at 15 min and, along with them, <i>cspC, cspE,</i> and <i>cspH</i> at 30 min. In conclusion, this article describes the novel stress induction pattern of all <i>csps</i> and lays emphasis on <i>cspF</i> and <i>cspH</i> that are still to be assigned a functional role. Therefore, though structurally similar, Csps are differentially expressed and could have stress-induced functional roles within the stress response network of <i>E. coli</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discovery of phenoxazine congeners as novel α-glucosidase inhibitors and identification of their biosynthetic gene cluster from Streptomyces sp. CB00316","authors":"Lin Jiang,&nbsp;Pingzhi Huang,&nbsp;Aijie Li,&nbsp;Bin Fen,&nbsp;Yani Zhong,&nbsp;Caijun Tang,&nbsp;Guangling Wu,&nbsp;Wenlei Wang,&nbsp;Yuhan Chen,&nbsp;Jian Pan,&nbsp;Genyun Tang,&nbsp;Hong Pu","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04337-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04337-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>α-Glucosidase is considered an ideal target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. <i>Streptomyces</i> species are known to produce a plethora of bioactive metabolites. On the basis of genomic information, the one strain many compounds (OSMAC) strategy and various chromatographic separation techniques, two compounds, bezerramycin A (<b>1</b>) and elloxazinone A (<b>2</b>), were identified from among <i>Streptomyces</i> sp. CB00316 metabolites. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of the isolated compounds were evaluated and compound <b>2</b> showed the strongest activity, with an IC₅₀ value of 74.31 ± 3.74 µM. In silico molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the in vitro activities of these α-glucosidase inhibitors. In addition, we investigated the biosynthetic gene clusters and metabolic pathways of compounds <b>1</b> and <b>2</b>. These findings highlight the potential of phenoxazines as lead compounds to combat the development of type 2 diabetes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143883612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of ultraviolet-light emitting diodes in bacterial inactivation and DNA damage via sensitivity evaluation using multiple wavelengths and bacterial strains","authors":"Kai Ishida,&nbsp;Mina Matsubara,&nbsp;Miharu Nagahashi,&nbsp;Yushi Onoda,&nbsp;Toshihiko Aizawa,&nbsp;Shigeharu Yamauchi,&nbsp;Yasuo Fujikawa,&nbsp;Tomotake Tanaka,&nbsp;Yasuko Kadomura-Ishikawa,&nbsp;Takashi Uebanso,&nbsp;Masatake Akutagawa,&nbsp;Kazuaki Mawatari,&nbsp;Akira Takahashi","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04324-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04324-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ultraviolet-light emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) have garnered attention for their efficient bacterial inactivation. However, in previous studies, it has been difficult to strictly compare the bacterial inactivation effect of UV irradiation among wavelengths differing by a few nanometers because detailed UV irradiation conditions for comparison, such as the LED characteristics at each wavelength and power supply characteristics, have not been established. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate UV inactivation of 10 bacterial strains across 13 wavelengths (250–365 nm) using a standardized irradiation system previously reported to identify the most effective wavelengths for prevention of bacterial infection and contamination. Bacterial inactivation dose response curves were generated to determine the fluence required to archive 1–3 log₁₀ inactivation. The results indicated that Gram-negative bacteria exhibited higher initial sensitivity compared with Gram-positive bacteria. Wavelength-dependent inactivation peaked at 263–270 nm, correlating strongly with cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer production (r &gt; 0.9 for most strains). Deconvolution analysis confirmed that bacterial inhibition was maximal around 267.6 nm. Furthermore, UV-LEDs outperformed low-pressure mercury lamps in terms of bacterial inactivation under equivalent fluences, attributed to differences in spectral emission profiles. These findings will help optimize UV-LED sterilization methods for broader applications in microbial control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00203-025-04324-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbially-influenced corrosion in low carbon stainless steel (SS-304L) by viable but non-culturable (VBNC) bacteria of spent nuclear fuel pool","authors":"Sudhir K. Shukla,&nbsp;Dugeshwar Karley,&nbsp;Namrata Upadhyay,&nbsp;T. Subba Rao","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04268-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04268-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microorganisms can pose significant challenges in causing corrosion of low carbon stainless steel (SS-304L) in closed dynamic systems such as spent nuclear fuel (SNF) pools This study investigates the corrosion behaviour of SS-304L in the presence of biofilm-forming bacteria and ‘viable but non-culturable’ (VBNC) bacteria present in SNF pool water. Electrochemical measurements such as, open circuit potential (E_OCP), pitting potential (E_pit), and corrosion rate were measured. Confocal and metallurgical microscopy, were used to provide insights into biofilm morphology and localized corrosion features. Confocal scanning laser microscopy analysis showed variation in biofilm morphology and distribution. The uniform biofilm growth by the four SNF bacterial isolates exhibited corrosion inhibition property. Electrochemical measurements, such as E_OCP and E_pit, revealed the putative role of VBNC bacteria in the corrosion of SS-304L. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study also showed the role of biofilm mediated corrosion inhibition property. Biochemical characterization of extracellular polymeric substance of biofilms revealed very high protein content, which provided an interesting hypothesis regarding SS-304L corrosion prevention. The formation of biofilm protective layer and the probability for localized corrosion by SNF pool water bacteria are described. This study elucidates the complex interplay between microbial biofilms and plausible corrosion in the SNF pool environment that has critical implications to the nuclear power industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143871239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic effect of high-pressure thermal sterilization and muramidase on Bacillus subtilis spores: alterations in intrasporal components, inner membrane permeability, and structural integrity","authors":"Jiajia Li,&nbsp;Weishan Xin,&nbsp;Dunhua Liu,&nbsp;Mengze Wang,&nbsp;Mingan Liu,&nbsp;Ke Bi,&nbsp;Yue Liu,&nbsp;Zhong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04331-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04331-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The sporicidal mechanism of high-pressure thermal sterilization (HPTS) combined with muramidase against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> spores was investigated. Results demonstrated that HPTS at 600 MPa/75°C with 0.3% muramidase achieved a 6.09 log reduction in <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> spores. The combined processing significantly increased the leakage of protein, nucleic acid, and dipicolinic acid, while significantly reducing Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase activity (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy revealed notable morphological changes in spores after combined processing. A significant increase in propidium iodide (PI)-infiltrated spores indicated enhanced spore inner membrane permeability (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05). molecular composition analysis further showed disordered arrangement of fatty acid acyl chains, structural alterations in nucleic acids and proteins, and increased the peptidoglycan layer flexibility. These findings provided insights into the sporicidal mechanism of HPTS combined with muramidase.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Procalcitonin contributes to hippocampal neuronal damage and impairment of LTP: implications for cognitive dysfunction in LPS-induced neuroinflammation rat model","authors":"Wen Li,&nbsp;Changgeng Song,&nbsp;Xiaona Li,&nbsp;Huimin Zhou,&nbsp;Xianghui Zhao,&nbsp;Wen Jiang","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04330-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04330-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bacterial meningitis (BM) can lead to cognitive impairment, seriously affecting patients’ quality of life. Our previous study demonstrated a significant increase in procalcitonin (PCT) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in BM patients, but the functional implications remain unknown. We found high expression of PCT in the hippocampus of LPS-induced neuroinflammation models. PCT had a neurotoxic effect on the primarily cultured hippocampal neurons. The high dose of PCT induced neuronal apoptosis. The low dose of PCT impaired the arborization of hippocampal neurons and reduced the expression of the growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) and synaptophysin (SYN). Furthermore, long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal brain slices was decreased after PCT perfusion ex vivo. Our results indicated that PCT had neurotoxic effects on neuronal survival and synaptic plasticity, potentially leading to cognitive impairment after BM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Formononetin exerts synergistic action with artesunate against multi-drug-resistant P. falciparum arresting ring-to-schizont transition by inducing reactive oxygen species","authors":"Saurabh Kumar,&nbsp;Deepak Singh Kapkoti,&nbsp;Pooja Rani Mina,&nbsp;Ajeet Kumar Verma,&nbsp;Parmanand Kumar,&nbsp; Ramdas,&nbsp;Karuna Shanker,&nbsp;Rajendra Singh Bhakuni,&nbsp;Anirban Pal,&nbsp;Mahendra P. Darokar","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04321-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04321-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Malaria, caused by <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>, presents significant challenges for treatment due to the parasite’s complex life cycle and increasing multi-drug resistance. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the current standard treatment, resistance development necessitates the exploration of new therapeutic targets. Recent evidence suggests that targeting oxidative stress to arrest blood stage ring to schizont growth progression in <i>Plasmodium</i> could offer a novel approach to combat drug-resistant malaria. Phytomolecules have been recognized for their potential to modulate oxidative stress with artemisinin derivatives. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of formononetin (FMT), a natural isoflavonoid, alone and in combination with artesunate (ART) against multidrug-resistant <i>P. falciparum</i> (K1) strain and to decipher the underlying mechanism of action. The study presents compelling evidence demonstrating the anti-plasmodial action of FMT alone (IC₅₀ value 212µM) and synergistic interaction (FICI 0.13) with ART at a 1:1 ratio against the K1 strain of <i>P. falciparum</i>. The combination treatment affected the progression of <i>P. falciparum</i> from the ring stage to the schizont and showed the effect at asexual erythrocytic stages. Moreover, the combination resulted in a notable increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, both independently and in combination with ART. In combination with ART, FMT effectively modulated the total glutathione (GSH) level. Moreover, FMT and ART demonstrated the ability to induce apoptosis-like death of parasites, as evidenced by the Lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde-MDA) and DNA fragmentation (TUNEL) levels. These results indicate that FMT could potentially ameliorate the growth of multidrug-resistant malaria parasites, enhance the effects of ART, and be suitable for developing anti-plasmodial agents from a cheap and sustainable source.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro efficacy of bovine lactoferrin against bovine viral diarrhea virus","authors":"Hongwei Cui,&nbsp;Songda Li,&nbsp;Xiaohuan Yan,&nbsp;Zhaohua Wang,&nbsp;Tianyi Leng,&nbsp;Ming Li,&nbsp;Songli Li","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04328-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04328-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection represents a significant economic challenge to the global cattle industry, leading to considerable losses in productivity and increased management costs. This underscores the urgent need for effective antiviral strategies to combat BVDV infection. In this study, we demonstrated that bovine lactoferrin (bLF), a multifunctional glycoprotein with known antimicrobial properties, exhibited potent inhibitory activity against BVDV infection. Importantly, the antiviral effect of bLF was not mediated by cytotoxicity towards host cells, indicating its safety for potential applications. Mechanistic investigations revealed that bLF did not interfere with viral RNA translation or replication, nor did it impair viral assembly or release. Instead, bLF effectively blocked BVDV infection during the early stages of the viral lifecycle, likely by competitively binding to cellular receptor molecules involved in viral entry. These findings identify bLF as a promising candidate for the development of antivirals targeting BVDV infection, offering a novel and effective approach to managing BVDV-associated diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reinforced NADPH regeneration in engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae enhances rosmarinic acid production","authors":"Meihong Zhang,&nbsp;Yueyang Zhang,&nbsp;Shujuan Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s00203-025-04329-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00203-025-04329-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a valuable natural product for its significant antioxidative activity, which is mainly derived from plants or by chemical synthesis. With the development of biotechnology, the research on the production of RA by microbial cell factory has attracted more attention. In this study, we engineered <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> to produce RA by constructing a de novo RA synthesis pathway which utilized two cytochrome P450s from <i>Salvia miltiorrhiza</i> Bunge and <i>Coleus scutellarioides</i> (L.) Benth. Through reinforcing NAD(P)H regeneration by overexpression of <i>zwf1</i> and integration of <i>ARO4</i>^<i>K229L</i> and <i>ARO7</i>^<i>G141S</i> into the genome, the engineered <i>S. cerevisiae</i> produced 4.92 mg/L of RA, 8.2-fold of the control, in shake flask fermentation. The titer of RA reached 11.3 mg/L by fed-batch fermentation in 5 L bioreactor. This study increased the production of RA by combination cofactor and pathway engineering, revealed the diversity of RA synthesis in <i>S. cerevisiae</i>, and also provided a reference for the synthesis and accumulation of other active components in yeast.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8279,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Microbiology","volume":"207 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}