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Annual review of immunology最新文献

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Immune Niches in Cancer. 癌症中的免疫龛。
IF 39.8 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-082724-123843
Nadine Slingerland, Eline Runderkamp, Daniela S Thommen
{"title":"Immune Niches in Cancer.","authors":"Nadine Slingerland, Eline Runderkamp, Daniela S Thommen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-082724-123843","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-082724-123843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emerging evidence underscores a key role for the tumor microenvironment in supporting or suppressing cancer immunity. Of note, pro- and antitumor immune activity is controlled by not only the types of immune cells present but also their spatial arrangement within a tumor. This evidence is supported by the observation that the organization of immune cells in specialized immune niches is more predictive for clinical outcome and immunotherapy response than is the mere presence of tumor immune infiltrates. In this review, we explore how spatial compartmentalization modulates immune function through concerted cellular interactions, localized signaling cascades, and the generation of protective environments. We integrate current knowledge on both established and emerging immune niches with variable complexity-shaped by cell diversity, cell density, and structural organization-and their functional impact on cancer immunity. Finally, we discuss the compelling therapeutic opportunities offered by the induction or modulation of these niches in tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"553-582"},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147455420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
CD8+ Regulatory T Cells. CD8+调节性T细胞。
IF 39.8 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-030412
Veena K Vuttaradhi, Clotilde M Vermelle, John Y Choi, Liqian Niu, Xiaolei Tang, Jamil R Azzi, Harvey Cantor
{"title":"CD8+ Regulatory T Cells.","authors":"Veena K Vuttaradhi, Clotilde M Vermelle, John Y Choi, Liqian Niu, Xiaolei Tang, Jamil R Azzi, Harvey Cantor","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-030412","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-030412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A wide variety of suppressive pathways have been investigated in efforts to understand the basis for immune tolerance. Although the contribution of CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) to self-tolerance has been extensively studied, less attention has been given to CD8+ Tregs. Here we review recent insights into the development, function, and potential clinical applications of this regulatory subset. We focus on CD8+ Tregs that recognize self-peptides associated with MHC-Ib products and that express Ly49/KIR (killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor) coinhibitory receptors. Recent analyses of their T cell receptor repertoire, thymic differentiation, and mechanism of suppression are summarized. Identification of the human homolog of these cells has suggested new strategies for CD8+ Treg-dependent immunotherapy for autoimmune disease and cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"21-40"},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354115/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145686952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neural Regulation of Skin Immunity. 皮肤免疫的神经调节。
IF 39.8 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-082924-065052
Pierre-Vincent Barbon, Guillaume Hoeffel, Tiphaine Fohrer, Ferdinand Jagot, Bilal El Waly, Vincent Feuillet, Sophie Ugolini
{"title":"Neural Regulation of Skin Immunity.","authors":"Pierre-Vincent Barbon, Guillaume Hoeffel, Tiphaine Fohrer, Ferdinand Jagot, Bilal El Waly, Vincent Feuillet, Sophie Ugolini","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-082924-065052","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-082924-065052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The exploration of neuroimmune interactions at tissue barriers has become pivotal for our understanding of how organisms survive and adapt to challenging environments. Serving both as a physical barrier and a sensory organ, the skin has evolved as a key interface where sensation and immunity dynamically converge. In this review, we first explore the microanatomy of the skin neuroimmune system. We then discuss current knowledge on the local regulation of skin immunity by sensory neurons in steady state, injury, and infection. We highlight key pathways involved in resistance to environmental insults and discuss how their dysregulation contributes to skin physiopathology. Our emphasis on the afferent neuronal wiring connecting the skin and the brain is followed by a detailed examination of the spinal and brain efferent pathways, including neuroendocrine and cognitive circuits, that remotely modulate skin immunity. By integrating cutting-edge insights from neurobiology, immunology, and skin biology, we present a holistic view of how the nervous system sustains homeostasis of the cutaneous barrier.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"207-235"},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146193952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emerging Roles of CD1 and Lipids in Human Health and Disease. CD1和脂质在人类健康和疾病中的新作用。
IF 39.8 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-121824-071940
Jamie Rossjohn, Annemieke de Jong, Graham S Ogg, D Branch Moody
{"title":"Emerging Roles of CD1 and Lipids in Human Health and Disease.","authors":"Jamie Rossjohn, Annemieke de Jong, Graham S Ogg, D Branch Moody","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-121824-071940","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-121824-071940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acting alongside MHC proteins, which present peptide antigens, the CD1 system displays lipid antigens to T cells. Recent studies have defined two general mechanisms of T cell receptor (TCR) binding to human CD1a, CD1b, CD1c, and CD1d proteins. The classical mechanism involves TCR corecognition of lipid antigens and CD1 proteins. In the second mechanism, however, other αβ and γδ TCRs directly recognize the surface of CD1 in a lipid-independent manner, which partially bypasses the need to identify lipid autoantigens in disease states. In this article, we review the development of new experimental tools such as cell-wide lipidomic investigation of self-lipids, endogenously loaded CD1 tetramers, and human CD1 transgenic mice. These tools are revealing nonredundant roles for CD1 in immune response and are providing evidence that CD1-reactive T cells participate in disease lesions in human skin and gut. Further, the unexpected discovery of lipid blockers of CD1-TCR interaction supports new approaches to immunomodulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"71-94"},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145713123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
C-Type Lectin Receptors in Host Defense. c型凝集素受体在宿主防御中的作用
IF 39.8 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-035049
Sonja I Gringhuis, Teunis B H Geijtenbeek
{"title":"C-Type Lectin Receptors in Host Defense.","authors":"Sonja I Gringhuis, Teunis B H Geijtenbeek","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-035049","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-035049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) present on myeloid cells provide crucial signals for the induction of innate and adaptive immune responses. Their broad ligand specificity places them in a perfect position to sense both microbial intruders and signs of tissue injury or cell death. In this article, we review the mechanisms that link CLR engagement to tailored cellular responses against those perceived threats. We discuss not only how molecular interplay between signaling by CLRs and by other pattern recognition receptors fine-tunes host-protective responses but also how these receptors can lead to pathological immune responses. An understanding of how these responses are regulated may offer strategies for treating not just infectious diseases but also autoimmune or malignant disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"149-180"},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146058718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Neuroimmune Circuitry of Peripheral Sensory Neuron Subtypes in Chronic Pain. 慢性疼痛中外周感觉神经元亚型的神经免疫回路。
IF 39.8 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-082924-065848
Hyo Jeong Yong, William Renthal
{"title":"The Neuroimmune Circuitry of Peripheral Sensory Neuron Subtypes in Chronic Pain.","authors":"Hyo Jeong Yong, William Renthal","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-082924-065848","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-082924-065848","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral sensory neurons, long appreciated for their role in detecting environmental stimuli, also play an active role in local and systemic immune responses. In response to tissue damage, the coordinated activation of peripheral sensory neurons and immune cells facilitates tissue repair. When dysregulated, however, these neuroimmune interactions can become maladaptive and contribute to chronic disorders such as chronic pain or headache. Recent single-cell transcriptomic studies have uncovered multiple distinct sensory neuron subtypes, each with unique molecular profiles, anatomical niches, and immune functions. In this review, we examine how distinct sensory neuron subtypes coordinate immune responses in barrier and internal tissues, forming cell type- and context-specific neuroimmune circuits. We also discuss how disruption of these circuits contributes to neuroinflammatory diseases such as atopic dermatitis and neuropathic pain. Clarifying these subtype-specific neuroimmune mechanisms offers a path toward more precise and effective therapies that target maladaptive neuroimmune circuitry in multiple disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":"44 1","pages":"583-610"},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A Life with Cytokines, Accompanied by Friends and Music. 生命中有细胞因子，伴着朋友和音乐。
IF 39.8 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-082224-092313
Tada Taniguchi
{"title":"A Life with Cytokines, Accompanied by Friends and Music.","authors":"Tada Taniguchi","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-082224-092313","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-082224-092313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>\"I appeared as a dewdrop, and disappearing as it is. All of my beloved Naniwa (Osaka) is just a dream of dreams.\" This quote is the funeral ode of Hideyoshi Toyotomi, who is regarded as a \"Great Unifier of Japan\" for his role before the Tokugawa Shogunate. Even though he was born into an extremely poor farming family, Toyotomi rose to the top nonhereditary position in the emperorship, called the <i>kanpaku</i>, or chief advisor to the emperor, at the end of the sixteenth century. I personally do not like the man because of the bloody dictatorships he represents, but this ode touches my heart; he must have felt empty at the end of his life. This ode also reminds me of \"The Myth of Sisyphus,\" written by Albert Camus, in which Sisyphus must repeatedly roll a big stone to the top of a mountain as a punishment from the gods. Camus writes, \"The struggle itself towards the heights is enough to fill a man's heart.\" That said, I will write about my life as a continuously struggling molecular biologist and immunologist.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145538850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Targeting of Inhibitory Immune Receptors in Inflammatory Disease Guided by Molecular Understanding of Their Function. 在炎性疾病中靶向抑制免疫受体，以其功能的分子理解为指导。
IF 39.8 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-025659
Linde Meyaard, Michiel van der Vlist
{"title":"Targeting of Inhibitory Immune Receptors in Inflammatory Disease Guided by Molecular Understanding of Their Function.","authors":"Linde Meyaard, Michiel van der Vlist","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-025659","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-025659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune inhibitory receptors are negative regulators of immune cells and, as such, dampen immune responses. Blocking inhibitory receptors in cancer results in not only powerful antitumor responses but also a diverse array of immune-related adverse events, reminiscent of inflammatory disease. These effects of blocking inhibitory receptors emphasize their importance in maintaining immune balance. Recent efforts therefore aim to therapeutically activate inhibitory immune receptors for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. To design effective ways to ligate inhibitory receptors and selectively induce inhibitory signaling in vivo, we must thoroughly grasp their mode of action. In this article, we review current understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which inhibitory immune receptors dampen inflammation. We particularly focus on ligand recognition and intracellular signaling and examine the state of the art of inhibitory receptor targeting in the clinic. Finally, we lay out the unknowns that must be addressed for the best therapeutic strategy to reap the benefits and mitigate potential risks of targeting inhibitory immune receptors in inflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"325-349"},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147275373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
B Cell Selection in Antibody Production: Affinity Rules, but Diversity Matters. 抗体生产中的B细胞选择：亲和规则，但多样性很重要。
IF 39.8 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-082323-031320
Isaak Quast, David M Tarlinton
{"title":"B Cell Selection in Antibody Production: Affinity Rules, but Diversity Matters.","authors":"Isaak Quast, David M Tarlinton","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-082323-031320","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-082323-031320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Affinity for antigen is a fundamental parameter of humoral immunity. It determines the B cell clones that participate in the response, it is a readout of clonal selection as the response progresses, and the magnitude of its improvement in T cell-dependent responses is a major criterion of success. But another important attribute of immunity at initiation, propagation, and cessation is the diversity of antigen binding by B cells and antibodies. As such, the diversity of antigen receptors is important at the outset of the response in providing a broad population from which B cell fates can be selected. Equally, within the germinal center, specific mechanisms operate to diversify the B cell population for affinity-based selection, which itself promotes clonal restriction to achieve its goals. However, the importance of sustaining diversity of antigen recognition at all stages of the response, not only in the composition of the B cell memory compartments, is often lost by the focus on affinity as the key measure of immunity. In this article, we consider recent developments in understanding B cell selection into, persistence within, and exit from T cell-dependent immune responses and how these processes are calibrated to ensure diversity of antigen recognition persists into memory in spite of the clonal narrowing that is the usual outcome of affinity-driven selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"351-379"},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147275379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Glycan-Binding Proteins in Immunity. 免疫中的聚糖结合蛋白。
IF 39.8 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-030822
Gabriel A Rabinovich, Christoph Rademacher, Mirta Schattner, Matthew S Macauley
{"title":"Glycan-Binding Proteins in Immunity.","authors":"Gabriel A Rabinovich, Christoph Rademacher, Mirta Schattner, Matthew S Macauley","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-030822","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-083024-030822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycan-binding proteins (GBPs), including Galectins, sialic acid-binding immunoglobin-type lectins (Siglecs), and C-type lectin receptors (CLRs), are key regulators of immune cell development, activation, differentiation, trafficking, and homeostasis. By interpreting glycan-encoded information, these lectins shape immune responses across T, B, and myeloid cell lineages. Galectins, primarily soluble β-galactoside-binding proteins, function through both extracellular and intracellular mechanisms. Siglecs, expressed on various immune cells, recognize sialoglycans and initiate immunoregulatory signaling, while CLRs detect diverse glycans on pathogens and host cells and thereby contribute to immune sensing and modulation. These glycosylation-dependent pathways serve as integrative hubs that couple intrinsic immune programs with environmental and intracellular cues. In this review, we discuss cellular mechanisms by which GBPs govern immune cell fate under homeostatic physiologic conditions, and we emphasize both conserved and context-dependent roles. Moreover, we address how glycan-GBP dysregulation contributes to immune dysfunction and pathology and how targeting these endogenous glycoimmune checkpoints may open new avenues for immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"267-294"},"PeriodicalIF":39.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147275352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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