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Annual review of immunology最新文献

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Distinct Cellular Tropism and Immune Responses to Alphavirus Infection. 不同的细胞趋向性和对甲病毒感染的免疫反应。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-014952
Natasha M Kafai, Michael S Diamond, Julie M Fox
{"title":"Distinct Cellular Tropism and Immune Responses to Alphavirus Infection.","authors":"Natasha M Kafai,&nbsp;Michael S Diamond,&nbsp;Julie M Fox","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-014952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-014952","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alphaviruses are emerging and reemerging viruses that cause disease syndromes ranging from incapacitating arthritis to potentially fatal encephalitis. While infection by arthritogenic and encephalitic alphaviruses results in distinct clinical manifestations, both virus groups induce robust innate and adaptive immune responses. However, differences in cellular tropism, type I interferon induction, immune cell recruitment, and B and T cell responses result in differential disease progression and outcome. In this review, we discuss aspects of immune responses that contribute to protective or pathogenic outcomes after alphavirus infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":"40 ","pages":"615-649"},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10350340/pdf/nihms-1913153.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9774416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Resistance Mechanisms to Anti-PD Cancer Immunotherapy. 抗pd肿瘤免疫治疗的耐药机制
IF 26.9 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-070621-030155
Matthew D Vesely, Tianxiang Zhang, Lieping Chen
{"title":"Resistance Mechanisms to Anti-PD Cancer Immunotherapy.","authors":"Matthew D Vesely, Tianxiang Zhang, Lieping Chen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-070621-030155","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-070621-030155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The transformative success of antibodies targeting the PD-1 (programmed death 1)/B7-H1 (B7 homolog 1) pathway (anti-PD therapy) has revolutionized cancer treatment. However, only a fraction of patients with solid tumors and some hematopoietic malignancies respond to anti-PD therapy, and the reason for failure in other patients is less known. By dissecting the mechanisms underlying this resistance, current studies reveal that the tumor microenvironment is a major location for resistance to occur. Furthermore, the resistance mechanisms appear to be highly heterogeneous. Here, we discuss recent human cancer data identifying mechanisms of resistance to anti-PD therapy. We review evidence for immune-based resistance mechanisms such as loss of neoantigens, defects in antigen presentation and interferon signaling, immune inhibitory molecules, and exclusion of T cells. We also review the clinical evidence for emerging mechanisms of resistance to anti-PD therapy, such as alterations in metabolism, microbiota, and epigenetics. Finally, we discuss strategies to overcome anti-PD therapy resistance and emphasize the need to develop additional immunotherapies based on the concept of normalization cancer immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":"40 ","pages":"45-74"},"PeriodicalIF":26.9,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9639547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immunity to Invasive Fungal Diseases. 对侵袭性真菌疾病的免疫。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-01-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-034306
Arturo Casadevall
{"title":"Immunity to Invasive Fungal Diseases.","authors":"Arturo Casadevall","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-034306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-034306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Invasive fungal diseases are rare in individuals with intact immunity. This, together with the fact that there are only a few species that account for most mycotic diseases, implies a remarkable natural resistance to pathogenic fungi. Mammalian immunity to fungi rests on two pillars, powerful immune mechanisms and elevated temperatures that create a thermal restriction zone for most fungal species. Conditions associated with increased susceptibility generally reflect major disturbances of immune function involving both the cellular and humoral innate and adaptive arms, which implies considerable redundancy in host defense mechanisms against fungi. In general, tissue fungal invasion is controlled through either neutrophil or granulomatous inflammation, depending on the fungal species. Neutrophils are critical against <i>Candida</i> spp. and <i>Aspergillus</i> spp. while macrophages are essential for controlling mycoses due to <i>Cryptococcus</i> spp., <i>Histoplasma</i> spp., and other fungi. The increasing number of immunocompromised patients together with climate change could significantly increase the prevalence of fungal diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"121-141"},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39892780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 21
Instructive Cues of Thymic T Cell Selection. 胸腺T细胞选择的指导性提示。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-022432
Magali Irla
{"title":"Instructive Cues of Thymic T Cell Selection.","authors":"Magali Irla","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-022432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-022432","url":null,"abstract":"A high diversity of αβ T cell receptors (TCRs), capable of recognizing virtually any pathogen but also self-antigens, is generated during T cell development in the thymus. Nevertheless, a strict developmental program supports the selection of a self-tolerant T cell repertoire capable of responding to foreign antigens. The steps of T cell selection are controlled by cortical and medullary stromal niches, mainly composed of thymic epithelial cells and dendritic cells. The integration of important cues provided by these specialized niches, including (a) the TCR signal strength induced by the recognition of self-peptide-MHC complexes, (b) costimulatory signals, and (c) cytokine signals, critically controls T cell repertoire selection. This review discusses our current understanding of the signals that coordinate positive selection, negative selection, and agonist selection of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. It also highlights recent advances that have unraveled the functional diversity of thymic antigen-presenting cell subsets implicated in T cell selection.","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":"40 1","pages":"95-119"},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49224370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Emerging Paradigms in Type 2 Immunity. 2型免疫的新范式。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-030339
H. Hammad, Nincy Debeuf, H. Aegerter, A. Brown, B. Lambrecht
{"title":"Emerging Paradigms in Type 2 Immunity.","authors":"H. Hammad, Nincy Debeuf, H. Aegerter, A. Brown, B. Lambrecht","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-030339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-030339","url":null,"abstract":"A principal purpose of type 2 immunity was thought to be defense against large parasites, but it also functions in the restoration of homeostasis, such as toxin clearance following snake bites. In other cases, like allergy, the type 2 T helper (Th2) cytokines and cells present in the environment are detrimental and cause diseases. In recent years, the recognition of cell heterogeneity within Th2-associated cell populations has revealed specific functions of cells with a particular phenotype or gene signature. In addition, here we discuss the recent data regarding heterogeneity of type 2 immunity-related cells, as well as their newly identified role in a variety of processes ranging from involvement in respiratory viral infections [especially in the context of the recent COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic] to control of cancer development or of metabolic homeostasis.","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":"40 1","pages":"443-467"},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41533386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
The Gut Microbiome as a Regulator of the Neuroimmune Landscape. 肠道微生物组作为神经免疫景观的调节者。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-01-06 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-014237
Lewis W Yu, Gulistan Agirman, Elaine Y Hsiao
{"title":"The Gut Microbiome as a Regulator of the Neuroimmune Landscape.","authors":"Lewis W Yu,&nbsp;Gulistan Agirman,&nbsp;Elaine Y Hsiao","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-014237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-014237","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The gut microbiome influences many host physiologies, spanning gastrointestinal function, metabolism, immune homeostasis, neuroactivity, and behavior. Many microbial effects on the host are orchestrated by bidirectional interactions between the microbiome and immune system. Imbalances in this dialogue can lead to immune dysfunction and immune-mediated conditions in distal organs including the brain. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and dysregulated neuroimmune responses are common comorbidities of neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric, and neurological disorders, highlighting the importance of the gut microbiome-neuroimmune axis as a regulator of central nervous system homeostasis. In this review, we discuss recent evidence supporting a role for the gut microbiome in regulating the neuroimmune landscape in health and disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"143-167"},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39878990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Gene Regulatory Circuits in Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells. 先天和适应性免疫细胞中的基因调控回路。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-02-04 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-025949
Ankita Saini, Hazem E Ghoneim, Chan-Wang Jerry Lio, Patrick L Collins, Eugene M Oltz
{"title":"Gene Regulatory Circuits in Innate and Adaptive Immune Cells.","authors":"Ankita Saini,&nbsp;Hazem E Ghoneim,&nbsp;Chan-Wang Jerry Lio,&nbsp;Patrick L Collins,&nbsp;Eugene M Oltz","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-025949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101320-025949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cell identity and function largely rely on the programming of transcriptomes during development and differentiation. Signature gene expression programs are orchestrated by regulatory circuits consisting of <i>cis-</i>acting promoters and enhancers, which respond to a plethora of cues via the action of transcription factors. In turn, transcription factors direct epigenetic modifications to revise chromatin landscapes, and drive contacts between distal promoter-enhancer combinations. In immune cells, regulatory circuits for effector genes are especially complex and flexible, utilizing distinct sets of transcription factors and enhancers, depending on the cues each cell type receives during an infection, after sensing cellular damage, or upon encountering a tumor. Here, we review major players in the coordination of gene regulatory programs within innate and adaptive immune cells, as well as integrative omics approaches that can be leveraged to decipher their underlying circuitry.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"387-411"},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9241025/pdf/nihms-1817252.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39889791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Germinal Centers. 生发中心。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-120419-022408
Gabriel D Victora, Michel C Nussenzweig
{"title":"Germinal Centers.","authors":"Gabriel D Victora,&nbsp;Michel C Nussenzweig","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-120419-022408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-120419-022408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Germinal centers (GCs) are microanatomical sites of B cell clonal expansion and antibody affinity maturation. Therein, B cells undergo the Darwinian process of somatic diversification and affinity-driven selection of immunoglobulins that produces the high-affinity antibodies essential for effective humoral immunity. Here, we review recent developments in the field of GC biology, primarily as it pertains to GCs induced by infection or immunization. First, we summarize the phenotype and function of the different cell types that compose the GC, focusing on GC B cells. Then, we review the cellular and molecular bases of affinity-dependent selection within the GC and the export of memory and plasma cells. Finally, we present an overview of the emerging field of GC clonal dynamics, focusing on how GC and post-GC selection shapes the diversity of antibodies secreted into serum.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"413-442"},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39884326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inflammatory Caspases: Toward a Unified Model for Caspase Activation by Inflammasomes. 炎性半胱天冬酶:炎性小体激活半胱天冬酶的统一模型。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-01-26 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-030653
Connie Ross, Amy H Chan, Jessica B von Pein, Madhavi P Maddugoda, Dave Boucher, Kate Schroder
{"title":"Inflammatory Caspases: Toward a Unified Model for Caspase Activation by Inflammasomes.","authors":"Connie Ross,&nbsp;Amy H Chan,&nbsp;Jessica B von Pein,&nbsp;Madhavi P Maddugoda,&nbsp;Dave Boucher,&nbsp;Kate Schroder","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-030653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-101220-030653","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Inflammasomes are inflammatory signaling complexes that provide molecular platforms to activate the protease function of inflammatory caspases. Caspases-1, -4, -5, and -11 are inflammatory caspases activated by inflammasomes to drive lytic cell death and inflammatory mediator production, thereby activating host-protective and pathological immune responses. Here, we comprehensively review the mechanisms that govern the activity of inflammatory caspases. We discuss inflammatory caspase activation and deactivation mechanisms, alongside the physiological importance of caspase activity kinetics. We also examine mechanisms of caspase substrate selection and how inflammasome and cell identities influence caspase activity and resultant inflammatory and pyroptotic cellular programs. Understanding how inflammatory caspases are regulated may offer new strategies for treating infection and inflammasome-driven disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"249-269"},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39737550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 37
Human Antibodies for Viral Infections. 人类病毒感染抗体。
IF 29.7 1区 医学
Annual review of immunology Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Epub Date: 2022-02-03 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041309
James E Crowe
{"title":"Human Antibodies for Viral Infections.","authors":"James E Crowe","doi":"10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-immunol-042718-041309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibodies have been used to prevent or treat viral infections since the nineteenth century, but the full potential to use passive immunization for infectious diseases has yet to be realized. The advent of efficient methods for isolating broad and potently neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies is enabling us to develop antibodies with unprecedented activities. The discovery of IgG Fc region modifications that extend antibody half-life in humans to three months or more suggests that antibodies could become the principal tool with which we manage future viral epidemics. Antibodies for members of most virus families that cause severe disease in humans have been isolated, and many of them are in clinical development, an area that has accelerated during the effort to prevent or treat COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). Broad and potently neutralizing antibodies are also important research reagents for identification of protective epitopes that can be engineered into active vaccines through structure-based reverse vaccinology.</p>","PeriodicalId":8271,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of immunology","volume":" ","pages":"349-386"},"PeriodicalIF":29.7,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39884325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 20
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