Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism最新文献

{"title":"Biological and Experiential Factors That Impact the Acceptance of Complementary Foods.","authors":"Julie A Mennella","doi":"10.1159/000542296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542296","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Flavor, a complex sensation mediated by the chemical senses of taste, smell, and chemesthesis, is a primary driver of food acceptance. Because what we eat is an important influence on health in modern societies, we need to understand what shapes the acceptance of foods from an early age.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>As infants transition from an all-milk diet to one that contains complementary foods of varying flavors and textures, biological factors interact with early experiences in shaping the acceptance or rejection of these complementary foods. Children are naturally drawn to foods that taste sweet or salty. However, repeated exposures to more complex flavors, transmitted from the mother's diet to amniotic fluid and to human milk, and inherent in infant formulas and complementary foods (with 8-10 exposures or more), familiarize and facilitate children's acceptance of the varying sensory properties of foods. Family members modeling eating these foods also encourage acceptance in children. Such functional plasticity, one of the main characteristics of the brain, highlights the ability to change behavior based on experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition for Optimal Lactation.","authors":"Otilia Perichart-Perera","doi":"10.1159/000541757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding is the ideal method of feeding for all newborns and is associated with multiple positive health outcomes. Human milk provides all essential nutrients and bioactive molecules needed for optimal infant health and development. Maternal nutrition during lactation plays an important role in supporting breastfeeding and in preventing nutrition and metabolic imbalances. The aim of this narrative review was to describe the most prevalent nutrition issues in lactating women and provide a summary of current diet recommendations as well as controversies on supplementation, in order to facilitate the information for clinicians and health professionals.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Breastfeeding is a nutritionally demanding stage and adequate nutrition is key to avoid alterations in maternal nutritional status, to produce an adequate quantity of milk with good quality, and to avoid nutrition programming of diseases. Anemia and vitamin D, A, iodine, and iron deficiencies are common, while obesity and metabolic diseases keep rising. Inadequate maternal intake of many nutrients is also frequent in this stage.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of enteral nutrition adequacy in patients hospitalized in adult intensive care units: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Ekmel Burak Özşenel, Güldan Kahveci, Selma Dağcı, Fatma Beyaz, Sema Basat","doi":"10.1159/000544741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000544741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In the principles of intensive care, nutritional support is an important part of critical care. This study was conducted to evaluate the adequacy of enteral nutrition in patients hospitalised in adult intensive care units.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study was designed as a cross-sectional study and it was carried out on 124 patients who received enteral nutrition in the adult intensive care unit of a training and research hospital between 01.03.2022 and 01.04.2022. Patients who received parenteral nutrition during the one-month follow-up were excluded from the study. The study used the Enteral Nutrition Information Form and the baseline NRS-2002 score. Energy needs of patients were calculated by Schofield method and addition of stress factors. Daily energy intake was recorded for each patient every day during hospitalization. Backward stepwise logistic regression analysis, Shapiro-Wilk, Student-t, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn-Bonferroni, Pearson chi-squared, and Fisher's exact tests were used to evaluate the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean age of the patients was 70.9±16.7 years (21-98) and 58.9% were male. The mean baseline NRS-2002 score was 5.88±1.23. Enteral nutrition started an average of 2.4±2.2 days (range 0-18) after ICU hospitalization. The mean target energy intake according to Schofield method was 1772.9±284.3 kcal, while the actual intake was 1463.5±386.2 kcal. Only 37.1% of patients achieved the target dose, taking an average of 4.5±4.2 days (1-20) to reach it In 25% of patients, feeding was interrupted due to residual volumes exceeding 500 ml, with 54.8% of these receiving hypercaloric products. Patients with neurological and cardiac diagnoses had significantly higher rates of reaching the target dose (p=0.001), while those with interruptions due to high residual volumes had lower rates (p=0.003). Finally, the overall mortality rate was 59.7%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>More than half of the patients did not meet the goals set for enteral nutrition therapy. A lower baseline NRS-2002 score and low energy requirements facilitated goal attainment. Patients with cardiac or neurological conditions were more likely to reach the target nutritional dose. However, those fed with hypercaloric products experienced more interruptions due to excess residue and achieved the nutritional target less frequently.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Drug-Food Thickening Agents' Interactions between Warfarin and Prebiotics Used for Viscosity Adjustment.","authors":"Hitomi Wakabayashi, Koji Karasawa, Matoka Okamoto, Masahiro Chiba, Katsumi Tanaka","doi":"10.1159/000543532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Prebiotics are widely used in nutritional supplements, with water-soluble dietary fibers used as thickeners for patients with swallowing difficulties. Interactions between thickeners and medications have been reported; however, the effects of thickeners on warfarin remain unclear. Here, we examined the interaction between warfarin and thickeners through clinical and basic research studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The clinical research study evaluated the effects of combining warfarin and thickeners on blood coagulation, while the basic research study measured the impact of different prebiotics and mixing with gastric and intestinal fluids on warfarin concentration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The clinical research study showed no significant differences in the patients' prothrombin time-international normalized ratio and Warfarin Sensitivity Index (WSI) before and after the combination. However, the WSI decreased postcombination in half of the patients. Meanwhile, in the basic research study, a concentration-dependent decrease in the residual rate of warfarin was observed with xanthan gum, guar gum, and pectin. When mixed with artificial gastric and intestinal fluids, the residual rate decreased with xanthan and guar gum in gastric fluid and with pectin in intestinal fluid.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thickeners primarily composed of xanthan gum, guar gum, and pectin may reduce the effectiveness of warfarin due to drug-food interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition during Pregnancy and Birth Outcomes.","authors":"Nandita Perumal, Alison D Gernand","doi":"10.1159/000541205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541205","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The \"first 1,000 days\" - the duration of pregnancy and the first 2 years of life - is widely recognized as a sensitive period of early life, with implications for health and developmental outcomes throughout the life course. Optimal nutrition during pregnancy is therefore essential to reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and support healthy life trajectories.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This narrative review summarizes the physiological changes during pregnancy and how these changes affect the energy and nutrient requirements in pregnancy to support maternal, placental, and fetal development and tissue accretion. Recommendations for weight gain and macro- and micronutrient requirements during pregnancy are summarized along with the current evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143413173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding and Health Benefits for the Mother-Infant Dyad: A Perspective on Human Milk Microbiota.","authors":"Ener Cagri Dinleyici","doi":"10.1159/000541711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current scientific research on breastfeeding provides substantial evidence of its numerous positive impacts, not only for children in both the short and long term but also for mothers who engage in breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>In addition to the gold standard effect of human milk on infant nutrition, breastfeeding is associated with a lower incidence of infections, reduced infant/childhood mortality, necrotizing enterocolitis, and obesity during childhood and later in life, better cognitive performance, and a higher IQ score. For mothers, breastfeeding prolongs lactational amenorrhea, may facilitate postpartum weight loss, and may reduce breast and ovarian cancers and cardiovascular diseases. Breastfeeding can also play a beneficial role in preventing antibiotic resistance, which is a global concern across all age groups. Implementing exclusive breastfeeding for all infants has the potential to enhance child development and decrease healthcare expenses, leading to economic savings for both individual families and society. Human milk is a biologically active food that functions as both prebiotic and probiotic because of its oligosaccharides and the composition of its microbiota, which act as synergistic synbiotics.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143363437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial contamination of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube and nasogastric tube with drug-resistant bacteria.","authors":"Shota Kanamori, Hiroaki Koya, Naomi Kurata, Keiko Ishino","doi":"10.1159/000543972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543972","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Enteral nutrition is used in patients with stroke, head-and-neck or esophageal cancer surgery, or repeated aspiration pneumonia. Japanese enteral nutrition guidelines recommend percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy tube (PEG) for long-term use of >4 weeks and nasogastric tube (NGT) for short-term use of <4 weeks. Catheters may be contaminated with microorganisms because enteral feeding products passed through them daily, but there are few reports on catheter contamination in Japan and no reports on the duration of catheter use. There are also reports that enteral feeding is a risk factor for the appearance of drug-resistant bacteria. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether microorganisms could be isolated from enteral feeding catheters and determine the percentage of drug-resistant bacteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-six PEGs and 59 NGTs were collected at Showa University Hospital and Showa University Fujigaoka Rehabilitation Hospital from May 2019 to March 2020. Microorganisms were cultured by incubating 20 mL pass/wash solution of sterile purified water on BHI agar medium (37°C) for 24-72 h. The strains were isolated and cultured, then frozen (80°C) and stored. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microorganisms were detected in 37 PEGs and 57 NGTs (p = 0.007). Bacteria were detected in 27 PEGs and 53 NGTs (p < 0.001), and yeasts were detected in 29 PEGs and 28 NGTs (p = 0.112). Drug-resistant bacteria were isolated from 19.6% (9 of 46) in PEGs and 23.7% (14 of 59) in NGTs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>PEGs and NGTs were contaminated with microorganisms, and drug-resistant bacteria were isolated. This study provides a rationale for future appropriate use in enteral feeding catheters.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143188004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"cord blood metabolite profiles and childhood cardio-metabolic outcomes in a population-based cohort.","authors":"Christin Kaupper, Sophia Blaauwendraad, Romy Gaillard, Berthold V Koletzko, Vincent Jaddoe","doi":"10.1159/000543697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543697","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adverse exposures in utero might cause adaptations of cardiovascular and metabolic organ development, predisposing individuals to an adverse cardio-metabolic risk profile from childhood onwards. We hypothesized that adaptations in metabolic pathways underlie these associations and examined associations of metabolite profiles at birth with childhood cardio-metabolic risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 763 mother-child pairs participating in an ongoing population-based prospective cohort study with an overall low disease risk. Cord blood serum concentrations of amino acids (AA), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), phospholipids (PL) and carnitines (Carn) were obtained using a liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass-spectrometry. We measured android/gynoid fat mass ratio, blood pressure, insulin, and lipid concentrations at the children's age of 5.9 (0.3) and 9.8 (0.9) years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We did not observe associations of cord blood metabolites with systolic or diastolic blood pressure, insulin, triglycerides and android/gynoid fat mass ratio at both ages and cardio-metabolic risk clustering at age 10 years. Five short- and medium-chain Carn.a metabolites were positively associated with cardio-metabolic risk clustering at age 6 but did not survive more stringent confounder adjustment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No consistent associations between cord blood metabolites and cardiovascular risk factors at school age were observed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the variant rs7903146 of Transcription factor 7-like 2(TCF7L2) gene on anthropometric and metabolic responses to a 24 weeks meal replacement Hypocaloric diet.","authors":"Daniel A de Luis, Olatz Izaola, David Primo Martin, Juan J López-Gómez","doi":"10.1159/000543557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Some studies have demonstrated the effect of the rs7903146 genetic variant on weight response after different dietary strategies. The objective of our study was to evaluate the role of this genetic variant of the TCF7L2 gene on weight loss and diabetes mellitus progression following a partial meal replacement (pMR) hypocaloric diet.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an interventional study in 214 subjects with obesity and a body mass index (BMI) > 35 kg/m². The subjects received two servings per day of a normocaloric hyperproteic formula for 24 weeks as part of a pMR diet. Body weight, body mass index (BMI), fat mass, waist circumference, lipid profile, fasting insulin levels, and HOMA-IR were determined. All patients were genotyped for rs7903146 and evaluated under a dominant model (CC vs. CT+TT).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The decrease at 24 weeks was higher in non-T allele carriers compared to T allele carriers (BMI: -3.3±0.3 kg/m² vs. -2.2±0.2 kg/m², p=0.02; weight: -9.5±1.1 kg vs. -5.0±1.0 kg, p=0.01; fat mass: -8.7±0.2 kg vs. -4.0±0.2 kg, p=0.04; waist circumference: -8.0±0.2 cm vs. -3.0±0.4 cm, p=0.04; glucose levels: -7.1±1.2 mg/dL vs. -1.2±1.1 mg/dL, p=0.01; insulin: -10.1±1.1 µIU/L vs. -4.0±1.0 µIU/L, p=0.01; HOMA-IR: -2.1±1.1 units vs. -0.5±0.1 units, p=0.01; C-reactive protein: -0.9±0.1 mg/dL vs. -0.4±0.2 mg/dL, p=0.01; triglycerides: -17.1±0.1 mg/dL vs. -9.1±0.2 mg/dL, p=0.01; and HbA1c: -1±0.1% vs. -0.3±0.2%, p=0.01). Following the dietary intervention, only non-T allele carriers showed a significant decrease in the frequency of hypertriglyceridemia, abdominal waist, hyperglycemia, and DM2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The TCF7L2 (rs7903146) polymorphism modulates pMR diet-induced changes in body weight, lipid metabolism, and insulin resistance. These changes lead to a significant decrease in the prevalence of hyperglycemia and other components of metabolic syndrome.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of Early-Life Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies.","authors":"Hania Szajewska","doi":"10.1159/000541492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000541492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The gut microbiota, or microbiome, is essential for human health. Early-life factors such as delivery mode, diet, and antibiotic use shape its composition, impacting both short- and long-term health outcomes. Dysbiosis, or alterations in the gut microbiota, is linked to conditions such as allergies, asthma, obesity, diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease, and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>This article reviews current strategies to influence the early-life gut microbiome and their potential health impacts. It also briefly summarizes guidelines on using biotics for gastrointestinal and allergic diseases in children. Key strategies include vaginal or fecal microbiota transplantation for cesarean-born infants, breastfeeding, and biotic-supplemented formulas. While vaginal microbial transfer and maternal fecal microbiota transplantation show short-term benefits, further research is needed to determine long-term safety and efficacy. Breast milk, rich in human milk oligosaccharides, promotes a healthy microbiota and offers protection against infections. Biotic-supplemented formulas can improve the gut microbiota in formula-fed infants and show clinical effects, though each biotic must be evaluated separately. Probiotics given as dietary supplements outside of infant formulas show promise for treating gastrointestinal disorders but require further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":8269,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}