{"title":"Ill-posedness for the periodic Camassa–Holm type equations in critical Besov spaces","authors":"Jinlu Li, Yanghai Yu, Weipeng Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s10231-025-01638-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10231-025-01638-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, by presenting a new construction of initial data which leads to the norm inflation phenomena, we prove that both the periodic Camassa–Holm and Novikov equations are ill-posed in <span>(B_{infty ,1}^{1})</span>. We also construct a new example for initial data and present a short proof of the ill-posedness for the periodic Camassa–Holm equation in <span>(B^{1+1/p}_{p,r})</span> with <span>((p,r)in (1,infty ]times (1,infty ])</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8265,"journal":{"name":"Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata","volume":"205 3","pages":"1271 - 1290"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148268640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strong conciseness and equationally Noetherian groups","authors":"Iker de las Heras, Andoni Zozaya","doi":"10.1007/s10231-025-01622-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10231-025-01622-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A word <i>w</i> is said to be concise in a class of groups if, for every <i>G</i> in that class such that the set of <i>w</i>-values <span>(w{G})</span> is finite, the verbal subgroup <i>w</i>(<i>G</i>) is also finite. In the context of profinite groups, the notion of strong conciseness imposes a more demanding condition on <i>w</i>, requiring that <i>w</i>(<i>G</i>) is finite whenever <span>(|w{G}|< 2^{aleph _0})</span>. We investigate the relation between these two properties and the notion of equationally Noetherian groups, by proving that in a profinite group <i>G</i> with a dense equationally Noetherian subgroup, <span>(w{G})</span> is finite whenever <span>(|w{G}|< 2^{aleph _0})</span>. Consequently, we conclude that every word is strongly concise in the classes of profinite linear groups, pro-<span>(mathcal {C})</span> completions of residually <span>(mathcal {C})</span> linear groups and pro-<span>(mathcal {C})</span> completions of virtually abelian-by-polycyclic groups, thereby extending well-known conciseness properties of these classes of groups.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8265,"journal":{"name":"Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata","volume":"205 2","pages":"749 - 758"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10231-025-01622-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The regularity and products in contact geometry","authors":"Katarzyna Grabowska, Janusz Grabowski","doi":"10.1007/s10231-025-01631-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10231-025-01631-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study regular contact manifolds <span>((M,eta ))</span> whose Reeb vector field is complete and prove that they are canonically principal bundles with the structure group <span>(S^1)</span> or <span>(mathbb {R})</span>. For compact <i>M</i>, our proof is very short and elementary and covers the celebrated Boothby-Wang theorem, but we do not assume compactness from the very beginning. However, to prove our result in full generality we use some topological tools adapted to smooth fibrations. In the second part of the paper, we describe a natural concept of contact products of general contact manifolds as well as a product of principal contact manifolds, which exists if the periods of the Reeb vector fields are commensurate, and corresponds to the construction of products of prequantization bundles of symplectic manifolds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8265,"journal":{"name":"Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata","volume":"205 2","pages":"993 - 1015"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10231-025-01631-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giuseppe Di Fazio, Rafayel Teymurazyan, José Miguel Urbano
{"title":"Higher Hölder regularity for degenerate elliptic PDEs with data in Morrey spaces","authors":"Giuseppe Di Fazio, Rafayel Teymurazyan, José Miguel Urbano","doi":"10.1007/s10231-025-01628-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10231-025-01628-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We establish sharp local <span>(C^{1,alpha }-)</span>regularity for weak solutions to degenerate elliptic equations of <span>(p-)</span>Laplacian type with data in Morrey spaces. The proof relies on the Fefferman–Phong inequality and standard tools from regularity theory for nonlinear PDEs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8265,"journal":{"name":"Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata","volume":"205 2","pages":"929 - 940"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Infinite multiplicity of positive solutions of an inhomogeneous supercritical elliptic equation on (mathbb {R}^N)","authors":"Sho Katayama, Yasuhito Miyamoto","doi":"10.1007/s10231-025-01633-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10231-025-01633-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We are concerned with positive radial solutions of the inhomogeneous elliptic equation <span>(Delta u+K(|x|)u^p+mu f(|x|)=0)</span> on <span>(mathbb {R}^N)</span>, where <span>(Nge 3)</span>, <span>(muge 0)</span> and <i>K</i> and <i>f</i> are nonnegative nontrivial functions. If <span>(K(r)sim r^{alpha })</span>, <span>(alpha >-2)</span>, near <span>(r=0)</span>, <span>(K(r)sim r^{beta })</span>, <span>(beta >-2)</span>, near <span>(r=infty )</span> and certain assumptions on <i>f</i> are imposed, then the problem has a unique positive radial singular solution for a certain range of <span>(mu )</span>. We show that existence of a positive radial singular solution is equivalent to existence of infinitely many positive bounded solutions which are not uniformly bounded, if <i>p</i> is between the critical Sobolev exponent <span>(p_S(alpha ))</span> and Joseph-Lundgren exponent <span>(p_{JL}(alpha ))</span>. Using these theorems, we establish existence of infinitely many positive bounded solutions which are not uniformly bounded, for <span>(p_S(alpha )<p<p_{JL}(alpha ))</span> if <span>(K(r)=r^{-alpha })</span>, <span>(alpha >-2)</span>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":8265,"journal":{"name":"Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata","volume":"205 3","pages":"1079 - 1121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10231-025-01633-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148268631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Gauss map assignment for minimal surfaces and the Osserman curvature estimate","authors":"Antonio Alarcón, Francisco J. López","doi":"10.1007/s10231-025-01629-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10231-025-01629-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Gauss map of a conformal minimal immersion of an open Riemann surface <i>M</i> into <span>(mathbb {R}^n)</span>, <span>(nge 3)</span>, is a holomorphic map <span>(Mrightarrow textbf{Q}^{n-2}subset mathbb {C}mathbb {P}^{n-1})</span>. Denote by <span>(textrm{CMI}_{textrm{full}}(M,mathbb {R}^n))</span> and <span>(mathscr {O}_{textrm{full}}(M,textbf{Q}^{n-2}))</span> the spaces of full conformal minimal immersions <span>(Mrightarrow mathbb {R}^n)</span> and full holomorphic maps <span>(Mrightarrow textbf{Q}^{n-2})</span>, respectively, endowed with the compact-open topology. In this paper we show that the Gauss map assignment <span>(mathscr {G}:textrm{CMI}_{textrm{full}}(M,mathbb {R}^n)rightarrow mathscr {O}_{textrm{full}}(M,textbf{Q}^{n-2}))</span>, taking a full conformal minimal immersion to its Gauss map, is an open map. This implies, in view of a result of Forstnerič and the authors, that <span>(mathscr {G})</span> is a quotient map. The same results hold for the map <span>((mathscr {G},textrm{Flux}):textrm{CMI}_{textrm{full}}(M,mathbb {R}^n)rightarrow mathscr {O}_{textrm{full}}(M,textbf{Q}^{n-2})times H^1(M,mathbb {R}^n))</span>, where <span>(textrm{Flux}:textrm{CMI}_{textrm{full}}(M,mathbb {R}^n)rightarrow H^1(M,mathbb {R}^n))</span> is the flux assignment. As application, we establish that the set of maps <span>(Gin mathscr {O}_{textrm{full}}(M,textbf{Q}^{n-2}))</span> such that the family <span>(mathscr {G}^{-1}(G))</span> of all minimal surfaces in <span>(mathbb {R}^n)</span> with the Gauss map <i>G</i> satisfies the classical Osserman curvature estimate, is meagre in the space of holomorphic maps <span>(Mrightarrow textbf{Q}^{n-2})</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8265,"journal":{"name":"Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata","volume":"205 2","pages":"941 - 963"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Energy minimizing harmonic almost complex structures","authors":"Weiyong He","doi":"10.1007/s10231-025-01632-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10231-025-01632-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Consider all compatible almost complex structure with a fixed almost Hermitian metric (<i>M</i>, <i>g</i>) and we study energy-minimizing almost complex structures, with the energy functional <span>(E(J)=int _M |nabla J|^2dv)</span>. C. Wood studied this problem in 1990 s and he named a critical point <i>harmonic almost complex structure</i>, satisfying the equation <span>([J, Delta J]=0)</span>. Since then there are considerate interest to study these objects but in general harmonic almost complex structures are not well understood. We introduce the notion of <i>admissible</i> almost complex structure as a natural generalization of smooth almost complex structure to <span>(W^{1, 2})</span> setting. The main goal of the paper is to study the regularity of <i>admissible</i> energy-minimizing almost complex structures on a compact Riemannian (almost Hermitian) manifold (<i>M</i>, <i>g</i>) of even dimension <span>(m=2n)</span>. Our starting point is to observe that a critical point satisfies the equation <span>(Delta J-Jnabla Jnabla J=0)</span>. This is a semi-linear elliptic system of tensor-valued functions which resembles the elliptic system of harmonic maps (vector-valued functions) in many ways. We prove that, all major results for energy-minimizing harmonic maps hold in our setting, notably the seminal work of Schoen–Uhlenbeck and recent improvement of regularity by Cheeger–Naber. We use comparison almost complex structures as was done by Schoen–Uhlenbeck, and finding comparison almost complex structures which satisfies the constraints is a major technical difficulty. This is the main point that differs from the theory of harmonic maps. Our construction of comparison almost complex structures relies on a new input that given an arbitrary almost complex structure, we can construct a unique (canonical) almost complex structure which is compatible with a given metric.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8265,"journal":{"name":"Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata","volume":"205 3","pages":"1017 - 1078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10231-025-01632-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148268633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Invariant (lambda )-translators in Lorentz-minkowski space","authors":"Antonio Bueno, Irene Ortiz","doi":"10.1007/s10231-025-01630-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10231-025-01630-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given <span>(lambda in mathbb {R})</span> and <span>({textbf {v}}in mathbb {L}^3)</span>, a <span>(lambda )</span>-translator with velocity <span>({textbf {v}})</span> is an immersed surface in <span>(mathbb {L}^3)</span> whose mean curvature satisfies <span>(H=langle N,{textbf {v}}rangle +lambda )</span>, where <i>N</i> is a unit normal vector field. When <span>(lambda =0)</span>, we fall into the class of translating solitons of the mean curvature flow. In this paper we study <span>(lambda )</span>-translators in <span>(mathbb {L}^3)</span> that are invariant under a 1-parameter group of translations and rotations. The former are cylindrical surfaces and explicit parametrizations are found, distinguishing on the causality of both the ruling direction and the <span>(lambda )</span>-translators. In the case of rotational <span>(lambda )</span>-translators we distinguish between spacelike and timelike rotations and exhibit the qualitative properties of rotational <span>(lambda )</span>-translators by analyzing the non-linear autonomous system fulfilled by the coordinate functions of the generating curves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8265,"journal":{"name":"Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata","volume":"205 2","pages":"965 - 991"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10231-025-01630-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Density of Noether–Lefschetz loci for surfaces in Fano and Calabi–Yau threefolds","authors":"Edoardo Mason","doi":"10.1007/s10231-025-01621-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10231-025-01621-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we provide applications of general results of Baldi-Klingler-Ullmo and Khelifa-Urbanik on the geometry of the Hodge locus associated to an integral polarized variation of Hodge structures to the case of Noether-Lefschetz loci for families of smooth surfaces. In particular, we consider the family of smooth surfaces in the linear system of a sufficiently ample line bundle on a smooth projective threefold <i>Y</i>, in case <i>Y</i> is a Fano or a Calabi-Yau threefold, and we prove results on the different behaviour of the union of the general, respectively exceptional, components of its Noether-Lefschetz locus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8265,"journal":{"name":"Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata","volume":"205 2","pages":"739 - 748"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10231-025-01621-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A priori estimates for a class of complex Hessian equations on Hermitian manifolds","authors":"Pang Xu, Xin-An Ren","doi":"10.1007/s10231-025-01625-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10231-025-01625-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we study a class of complex Hessian equations with left-hand sides depending on gradients on Hermitian manifolds and derive a priori second order estimates for admissible solutions. This form of estimates shares a similar form to the one developed by Hou–Ma–Wu on Kähler manifolds and can be applied to blowup analysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8265,"journal":{"name":"Annali di Matematica Pura ed Applicata","volume":"205 2","pages":"823 - 848"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147828554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}