Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry最新文献

{"title":"LIBS quantitative analysis method based on multi-model calibration with acoustic feature labeling","authors":"Shihang Chen, Zhongqi Hao, Yuanhang Wang, Yu Rao, Li Liu, Jiulin Shi and Xingdao He","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00127G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00127G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >To improve the accuracy and long-term reproducibility of LIBS quantitative analysis, a method based on multi-model calibration with acoustic feature labeling (AFL-MMC) was proposed. The quantitative analytical capabilities of single-model calibration and AFL-MMC methods were comparatively investigated by analyzing trace-level Mn, Mo, V, and Cr in alloy steel specimens. For acoustic feature labeling, the first peak acoustic amplitude (AA), the acoustic energy (AE) before the first echo, and the acoustic wave (AW) band before the first echo from the plasma were selected. The results demonstrated a strong linear correlation between both the first peak AA and the pre-first echo AE with spectral intensity. When the pre-first echo AE was used as a feature label, the average relative errors were 14%, 17%, 15%, 17% and 19%, with the maximum average relative error decreasing from 29% to 16%. AE demonstrated the most pronounced improvement, followed by AA, whereas AW exhibited comparatively limited effectiveness. These results indicate that the integration of AFL-MMC significantly improves the accuracy and long-term reproducibility of LIBS quantitative detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2006-2015"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual mass spectrometers with plasma-based ion sources for multiplex imaging of elements and biomolecules†","authors":"Hui Hsin Khoo, Ayano Kubota, Takehisa Matsukawa and Takafumi Hirata","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00039D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00039D","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Simultaneous imaging analysis of both elements and biomolecules was conducted by the split-flow laser ablation technique using two mass spectrometers equipped with different plasma-based ion sources. The laser-induced sample particles were split into two streams, and introduced into inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for detection of elements through hard ionisation, and dielectric barrier discharge ionization mass spectrometry (DBDI-MS) for detection of biomolecules through soft ionisation. Selenomethionine was used to optimise the heater current for DBDI-MS and to demonstrate the system's capability for simultaneous detection. The analytical capability of the present technique was demonstrated on mouse brain tissue sections, where elemental maps of Mg, P, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mo were generated alongside molecular images of lipids and metabolites such as cholesterol, ceramide, sulfatides, and adenine. The imaging results highlighted distinct spatial distributions of elements and biomolecules, correlating them with physiological and structural regions of the brain.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2016-2025"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adaptive nonlinear mapping for feature extraction and fusion in mineral classification based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Raman spectroscopy†","authors":"Yao Li, Mengjie Shan, Yinghao Wang, Jiajun Cong, Leiyi Ding, Jingjun Lin, Minchao Cui and Nan Ma","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00078E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00078E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Efficient extraction of key features from LIBS (Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy) and Raman spectra, while simultaneously eliminating redundant background information, is crucial for enhancing the applicability of spectral data. To address this, we propose an adaptive nonlinear mapping method based on multi-function optimization, tailored for feature extraction from different types of mineral spectra. Specifically, the method first computes the mean and variance of each spectrum, and then evaluates the deviation between key features and the mean-variance using feature importance analysis. Based on these deviation parameters, the method adaptively selects the most suitable mapping function. The algorithm incorporates four built-in mapping functions that amplify significant information while compressing irrelevant features. These functions map spectral attributes such as intensity, width, area, and position, and convert the data into a two-dimensional image representation. Subsequently, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based image classification approach is employed to accurately classify the extracted information. Using this feature extraction and classification framework, we achieved a classification accuracy of 99.70% for the fusion of LIBS and Raman spectral data, significantly outperforming conventional methods such as principal component analysis (94.55%) and random forest-based feature importance evaluation (92.12%). The results demonstrate that the proposed method provides a substantial advantage in processing complex spectral data, enhancing spectral analysis performance, and offering strong support for broader applications of LIBS and Raman spectroscopy.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 1995-2005"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding the interfering L-lines by artificial neural network-based modeling for direct analysis of lanthanides in water samples using total reflection X-ray fluorescence spectrometry†","authors":"Buddhadev Kanrar, Kaushik Sanyal and Rajesh V. Pai","doi":"10.1039/D4JA00449C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D4JA00449C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In this study, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN)-based methodology for the direct analysis of lanthanides using their highly interfering L-lines as characteristic signatures has been demonstrated. The model was validated on samples containing ten lanthanides (La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Tm, and Lu) at varying concentrations ranging from 0.25 μg mL<small>⁻¹</small> to 5.25 μg mL<small>⁻¹</small>. A total of 20 samples were prepared, with each sample analyzed in five replicates using Total Reflection X-Ray Fluorescence (TXRF) technique. The TXRF data were first analyzed using a classical peak-fitting methodology, yielding a relative error of 14.4% and a precision (RSD) of 9.5%. The same dataset was then used to train an optimized ANN model, which significantly improved the analytical parameters, achieving a relative error of 8.5% and a precision of 1.9%. Further validation was performed using reverse osmosis (RO) drinking water samples spiked with lanthanides, where the ANN model demonstrated a relative error of 10.1% and a precision of 1.4%. This comparative study clearly highlights the superiority of the ANN-based methodology over traditional peak-fitting approaches, demonstrating its potential for more accurate and precise quantification of lanthanides in complex spectral environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2117-2125"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the dynamic characteristics of an analytical inductively coupled plasma and its tail flame†","authors":"Xin Han, Yongyang Su, Zhiming Li, Yuxuan Wang, Wei Wang, Ruiyang Xi, Shiyou Zhou, Guanyi Wei, Sui Fang, Yalong Wang, Jiang Xu and Xiaofei Lan","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00072F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00072F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Many numerical simulation models for analytical and industrial ICP sources have been developed; hence, experimental verification is essential. Compared with plasma temperature, the flow velocity profile is a direct and reliable criterion for model verification. In this paper, an experimental study on the dynamic properties of a home-made analytical ICP source and its tail flame is conducted using a high-speed colour camera and a high-speed fibre-optic spectrometer, and the spatially resolved pulsation frequency and flow velocity are presented. The pulsation frequencies of the plasma area and emission intensity were experimentally determined, respectively. The spatially resolved pulsation frequency indicates that pulsation of the normal analytical zone (NAZ) is very stable and synchronous, and the tail flame fluctuates due to ambient air entrainment. The flow velocity in the coolant gas was characterised by tracking the trajectories of injected alumina powder particles. After correcting for the velocity difference between the powder particle with high inertia and the surrounding flow, a plausible range of axial (<em>V</em><small>_z</small>) and radial (<em>V</em><small>_r</small>) velocity at the outer edge of the coolant gas is proposed. The flow velocity on the axis downstream of the NAZ was experimentally determined by tracking and interpolating the velocity of discrete erbium ion clouds originating from individual erbia suspension particles. By comparing the simulated profile of axial velocity with the experimental profile, the power coupling efficiency of the present ICP facility is estimated to be around 80%. A linear expression is presented to describe the variation of <em>V</em><small>_z</small> with the axial position (<em>z</em>) in the range of 0 ≤ <em>z</em> ≤ 50 mm. Because erbium ion clouds were not distinguishable from the very bright emission background within the NAZ, a novel method is proposed to determine the flow velocity in the NAZ by combining the dependence of the audio frequency of plasma pulsation on the flow velocity profile, the simulated profile of axial velocity, and the experimental value of pulsation frequency. The determined value of axial velocity at the torch outlet axis operating at an r.f. power of 1200 W is in good agreement with the fitted value. This work presents complete experimental data on flow velocity in a single ICP facility and experimentally verifies the previously developed 2D numerical model.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 1916-1928"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantification of ferric iron content in minerals via the STEM-EELS-mapping method†","authors":"Shan Li, Ke Wen, Yiping Yang, Xiaoju Lin, Yonghua Cao, Yao Xiao, Haiyang Xian, Jianxi Zhu and Hongping He","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00002E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00002E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The oxidation state of iron (Fe) in minerals is crucial for Earth and planetary sciences. Accurate determination of the oxidation state of Fe aids in the estimation of redox conditions during mineral formation and thus the reconstruction of the evolutionary history of Earth and other solid celestial bodies. Compared to conventional methods that provide the average bulk Fe<small>³⁺</small>/ΣFe ratio in minerals, the recently developed scanning transmission electron microscopy electron energy loss spectroscopy (STEM-EELS) technique enables the accurate determination of Fe oxidation states at sub-micrometer scales. However, the focused electron beam in STEM mode can induce the generation of Fe<small>³⁺</small> and consequently introduces uncertainty in the quantification of Fe<small>³⁺</small> in minerals. In this study, a calibration relationship was established between the relative ratios of the Fe-L<small>₃</small> and Fe-L<small>₂</small> peak areas in the EELS spectra and the Fe<small>³⁺</small>/ΣFe ratio based on the characterization of a series of pyroxene reference materials with varying Fe<small>³⁺</small> contents. The EELS spectra were collected in the STEM-EELS-mapping mode using focused ion beam (FIB)-derived sections. The impacts of sample preparation, data acquisition, and data processing procedures on the determination of the Fe<small>³⁺</small> contents in minerals were examined and discussed to gain insights into the constraints of parameters for accurate quantification of Fe<small>³⁺</small> in minerals. The obtained calibration relationship was further validated for the accurate determination of Fe<small>³⁺</small> content in other Fe-bearing minerals, suggesting its promising applicability in the quantification of Fe<small>³⁺</small> in precious nanoscale terrestrial and extraterrestrial materials.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 1954-1963"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Ag NPs on temporal evolution of plasma emission in nanoparticle-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy","authors":"Xinxin Zhang, Xiaohui Li, Tao Ren, Yumeng Yuan and Zihao Guo","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00135H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00135H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Nanoparticle-enhanced laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (NELIBS) has been applied in many disciplines with its capability of improving detection sensitivity due to the spectral enhancement effect. However, the mechanism of spectral enhancement still requires further investigation. In this work, spectral enhancement in NELIBS was investigated by evaluating the time-resolved and integrated emission of the plasma. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) of different sizes and concentrations were deposited on an aluminum (Al) substrate and ablated with a Nd:YAG laser. The plasma emission on the Al substrate was measured using a monochromator equipped with a photomultiplier tube (PMT) and a fiber spectrometer. The NELIBS plasma exhibited longer lifetime and stronger signal intensity than normal LIBS plasma, which contributed to the spectral enhancement. The temporal emission profile also revealed higher emissions during the early plasma stage in NELIBS, suggesting the presence of more emitters in the plasma. This was further supported by the relative atomic concentration of NELIBS plasma to normal LIBS plasma, determined using the Boltzmann plot method. The varying enhancement effect of different sizes and concentrations of Ag NPs on the spectral enhancement might be attributed to their different abilities to promote the emitters. These findings offer valuable insights into the enhancement mechanisms of NELIBS with Ag NPs as the enhancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2083-2094"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LIBS quantitative analysis based on multi-model calibration marked with characteristic lines","authors":"Baining Xu, Zhongqi Hao, Yuanhang Wang, Li Liu, Neng Zhang, Yu Rao, Lei Wang, Jiulin Shi and Xingdao He","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00132C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00132C","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Long-term reproducibility remains one of the important challenges in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) quantitative analysis. In this work, a novel LIBS quantitative method based on multi-model calibration marked with characteristic lines was proposed. Under identical experimental equipment and parameters, multiple calibration models were established by using LIBS data collected at different time intervals. Simultaneously, the characteristic line information, which reflects variations in experimental conditions, was marked as the characteristic of each calibration model. During the analysis of unknown samples, the optimal calibration model was selected for quantitative analysis by characteristic matching. Taking the analysis of Mo, V, Mn, and Cr elements in alloy steel as an example, ten calibration models were established based on daily spectral data, and the test samples were quantitatively validated for five days. The results indicate that, compared to the single calibration model, the calibration model selected through the matching of characteristic lines significantly improves the average relative errors (ARE) and the average standard deviations (ASD). The method proposed in this study provides a new quantitative analysis idea for LIBS technology, which can effectively improve the reproducibility of LIBS long-term repeated measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2038-2048"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of matrix effects in boron isotope analysis using 257 nm fs-LA and 193 nm ns-LA-MC-ICP-MS with new tourmaline reference materials†","authors":"Xiaojuan Nie, Yan Zhang, Zhian Bao, Kaiyun Chen, Wenqiang Yang and Honglin Yuan","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00167F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00167F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study compared boron (B) isotopic compositions of six chemically diverse tourmalines (including schorl, dravite, and elbaite types) using 257 nm femtosecond (fs) and 193 nm nanosecond (ns) laser ablation coupled with multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS). Significant matrix effects were observed when non-matrix-matched standards were used, leading to <em>δ</em><small>¹¹</small>B deviations of −0.70‰ to −0.41‰ for fs-LA and −0.63‰ to −0.57‰ for ns-LA when using dravite GIGT as a bracketing standard for schorl (TOUR1 and TOUR4) and elbaite (TOUR6). In contrast, using GIGT as the matrix-matched bracketing standard in the B analysis of dravites (TOUR2, TOUR3, and TOUR5) yielded significantly lower deviations of −0.22‰ to −0.18‰ for fs-LA and −0.44‰ to 0.12‰ for ns-LA. These findings necessitate matrix-matched standards for precise and accurate <em>in situ</em> measurements of B isotopes. We characterized four natural tourmaline reference materials (TOUR1, TOUR4, TOUR5, and TOUR6) for <em>in situ</em> B isotope analysis using LA-MC-ICP-MS and confirmed their isotopic homogeneity. The measured mean <em>δ</em><small>¹¹</small>B values were −11.14 ± 0.40‰ (2SD, <em>n</em> = 597), −13.42 ± 0.57‰ (2SD, <em>n</em> = 509), −9.09 ± 0.60‰ (2SD, <em>n</em> = 486), and −8.57 ± 0.17‰ (2SD, <em>n</em> = 164), respectively, agreeing well with those obtained by solution nebulizer (SN)-MC-ICP-MS. Thus, schorl (TOUR1 and TOUR4), dravite (TOUR5), and elbaite (TOUR6) are recommended as candidate matrix-matched tourmaline reference materials for <em>in situ</em> B isotope determination.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2049-2061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new orthopyroxene reference material (BL-1) for in situ microanalysis†","authors":"Peng-Li He, Xiao-Long Huang, Le Zhang, Fan Yang, Lin-Li Chen and Sheng-Ling Sun","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00069F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00069F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Orthopyroxene is a significant mineral in both the Earth and the Moon, with its trace element composition playing a critical role in investigations of mantle conditions and magmatic evolution. Microanalysis of trace elements relies on reference materials to evaluate systematic errors and ensure data quality. This study introduces a new orthopyroxene reference material (BL-1), an aluminous enstatite, derived from peridotite xenoliths hosted by the Bailin basalt in southeastern China. The major and trace element concentrations of 16 elements (Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, Na, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Ga, and Y) have been confirmed to be homogeneous at the micrometer to millimeter scale through X-ray intensity mapping, EPMA, and LA-ICP-MS <em>in situ</em> quantification. Bulk analyses conducted <em>via</em> WD-XRF, ICP-OES and solution-based ICP-MS demonstrate excellent agreement with <em>in situ</em> microanalyses performed using EPMA and LA-ICP-MS. Seven trace elements (Ca, Na, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, and Ni) exhibit concentrations exceeding 100 ppm, making BL-1 suitable as a reference material for routine trace element analyses using EPMA. Therefore, BL-1 orthopyroxene serves as an excellent complementary reference material for elemental <em>in situ</em> microanalysis. Although Ti, Zn, and Y exhibit notable deviations, the NIST SRM 612 and the USGS glasses demonstrate small fractionations for other elements and are effective for calibrating BL-1 orthopyroxene in LA-ICP-MS. EMPA analyses of BL-1 using different primary standards reveal negligible differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 8","pages":" 2062-2072"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144740045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}