Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry最新文献

{"title":"Optimization of mass-spectrometer acquisition parameters for trace element analysis by LA-ICP-MS using magnetic sector instrument Element2","authors":"O. I. Okina, K. G. Erofeeva, A. S. Dubenskiy, A. A. Karimov and A. V. Ivanov","doi":"10.1039/D6JA00038J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6JA00038J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Acquisition parameters for trace element analysis of minerals with the magnetic sector mass-spectrometer Element2 using laser ablation are discussed in the article. The main criteria for the parameters to be considered are optimal signal quality that would result in lowest values for limit of detection (LOD). Also, mineral analysis duration was taken into account in this work. The relationship between sample time and the number of runs was studied in the determination of REE, Y, and Nb in olivine that has low concentrations of these elements. Sample time was investigated in the range of 5–40 ms. Increasing the sample time resulted in a lowering of the standard deviation of analysis results and the LOD, although number of runs was significantly decreased. Additionally, the best way to minimize time of the analysis while maintaining signal quality was to use highest values for sample per peak and lowest mass window. The optimized acquisition parameters were determined as 100 samples per peak, a mass window of 4%, and a sample time of 20 ms. The possibility to reduce laser ablation up to 10 s (4 calculation runs) without loss of results' quality was demonstrated under the studied conditions. This reduction could be beneficial for the analysis of thin mineral grains. The parameters were applied to the trace element analysis of olivine Shc, which has a similar origin to new olivine reference material MongOLSh11-2. Grains of different tints of color ranging from practically colorless and light green to light yellow and yellow were analysed. Despite significant concentration differences between grains of various colors, normalized REE distribution patterns were similar across all analysed grains. Therefore, this sample could serve as a within-laboratory reference standard for routine trace element analysis of olivine using LA-ICP-MS. Furthermore, olivine San Carlos, a widely used standard to validate analytical data, was also analysed using the optimized parameters. The results obtained in this study are consistent with literature data and supplement it with Lu concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 5","pages":" 1938-1950"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147872148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-information fusion of characteristic spectral lines for enhanced quantitative accuracy in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy","authors":"Yutao Huang, Yuan Liu, Xiaomei Lin, Jingjun Lin, Jiangfei Yang, Aiguo Tan, Keke Ma, Hongxiang Zhang and Nanqi Ruan","doi":"10.1039/D6JA00043F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6JA00043F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >When employing Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for the quantitative analysis of heavy metal elements in soil, conventional quantitative analysis methods typically rely solely on single spectral line intensity information. The quantitative results are prone to fluctuations in excitation source energy, environmental parameter variations, and self-absorption effects, resulting in relatively low detection accuracy. To overcome these limitations and improve the accuracy of quantitative analysis, this study first introduced a decision filter based on the Median Absolute Deviation (MAD) algorithm for data processing, thereby improving data reliability. Subsequently, by analyzing trends in peak intensity, Spectral Peak Area (SPA), and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of spectral lines as a function of elemental concentrations, and evaluating the linear fitting performance of these three distinct types of information, the relative advantages of various spectral line information in quantitative analysis were assessed based on excitation principles. Building on this, a nonlinear Support Vector Regression (SVR) model was employed to integrate intensity, SPA, and FWHM from characteristic spectral lines. This integration facilitated information complementarity, thereby improving the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Experimental results demonstrated that the nonlinear regression model, incorporating multiple spectral line information, significantly enhanced quantitative analysis accuracy compared with linear regression models utilizing only single types of spectral line information. Specifically, the root mean square error (RMSE) for chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) was 0.036 wt% and 0.026 wt%, respectively, with an average relative error (ARE) of 8.624% and 5.733%. The fitting coefficients (<em>R</em><small>²</small>) exceeded 0.98 for both elements. By integrating the multi-dimensional information of characteristic spectral lines and employing a nonlinear SVR model for calibration, this study effectively overcomes the limitations inherent in traditional quantitative analysis relying on single-peak information. This approach significantly enhances the accuracy and robustness of LIBS technology for quantitative detection of heavy metals in soil, providing an effective solution for high-accuracy, multi-information-fused LIBS quantitative analysis in complex environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 5","pages":" 1883-1893"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147872244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atomic spectrometry update: review of advances in atomic spectrometry and related techniques","authors":"E. Hywel Evans, Jorge Pisonero, Clare M. M. Smith and Rex N. Taylor","doi":"10.1039/D6JA90018F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6JA90018F","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This review of 184 references covers developments in ‘Atomic Spectrometry’ published in the twelve months from December 2024 to November 2025 inclusive. It covers atomic emission, absorption, fluorescence and mass spectrometry, but excludes material on speciation and coupled techniques which is included in a separate review. It should be read in conjunction with the previous review<small>¹</small> and the other related reviews in theseries.<small>^2–11</small> A critical approach to the selection of material has been adopted, with only novel developments in instrumentation, techniques and methodology being included. 3D printing is being used more often to fabricate sample introduction and preparation manifolds, of particular note is the incorporation of pH and temperature responsive materials into 3D devices, so-called 4D printing. A liquid electrode discharge used for vapour generation is a step towards miniaturisation of the sample introduction system for low power plasmas. Likewise, a point discharge cryogenic imaging platform for elemental mapping in biological samples points the way towards more compact instrumentation. Single particle and cell analysis continues to advance with the emergence of more reference materials and improved methodologies and devices. Laser based spectroscopic methods continue to evolve with some novel advances such as acoustic levitation, used for substrate free preconcentration, and isotope analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 5","pages":" 1577-1601"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147872199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of HPGe gamma spectrum components and instrumental techniques for the optimization of spectrometric measurements","authors":"Lahcen El Amri","doi":"10.1039/D6JA00018E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6JA00018E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The analysis of gamma spectra, particularly those acquired with HPGe detectors, requires specialized expertise in order to correctly process the data and to identify and quantify the radionuclides present in a radioactive sample. Numerous studies have been carried out to improve the accuracy and reliability of gamma spectral analyses. However, the majority of existing review articles adopt a very general approach and focus mainly on numerical and mathematical methods, leaving little room for concrete instrumental techniques and for the physical origin of the observed phenomena. In this context, a thorough understanding of the different components of a gamma spectrum is essential to ensure reliable and accurate analysis. The literature shows that, although many studies exist, they often focus on specific aspects of the spectrum or on purely numerical treatments, which creates a lack of comprehensive review articles covering all spectral components and instrumental approaches. The present article complements our previous study (El Amri <em>et al.</em>, <em>J. Anal. At. Spectrom.</em>, 2025, <strong>40</strong>(11), 3082–3096), which addressed in detail all numerical and analytical mathematical techniques used for gamma spectrum analysis. Here, we focus on methods applied at the instrumental level, deliberately limiting the use of numerical and mathematical approaches in order to emphasize experimental and practical techniques actually implemented in laboratories and instrumental environments. This approach makes it possible to directly link the observed phenomena to their physical causes while providing a concrete and usable framework for the analysis of gamma spectra.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 5","pages":" 1602-1620"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147872200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitive determination of biologically important transition metals by ICP-QMS using micro-ultrasonic single droplet nebulization","authors":"Yang Yu, Junhang Dong, Baoliang Zhong, Xiaoqing Jin, Zhujun Dai, Linjie Chen, Yu Li, Jing Chen, Huan Tian, Hongtao Zheng, Xing Liu and Zhenli Zhu","doi":"10.1039/D6JA00052E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6JA00052E","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The determination of trace transition metals in biological samples is often limited by extremely small sample volumes and complex matrix effects. In this work, a highly sensitive analytical method for the simultaneous determination of Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn in micro-volume samples was developed by coupling micro-ultrasonic single-droplet nebulization (MUSDN) with inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (ICP-QMS). Key parameters were systematically optimized, with a particular focus on the evaluation of a Pt nebulizer sheet to reduce background equivalent concentrations (BECs). In addition, Ge was selected as the internal standard to effectively compensate for instrumental drift and matrix effects, thereby improving analytical stability. Under optimized conditions, the method exhibited excellent linearity (<em>R</em><small>²</small> ≥ 0.999) and precision (RSDs ∼2%), while the achieved sensitivity enhancement (11.5–19.6-fold) was consistent with the previously reported advantages of MUSDN. The method exhibited good tolerance toward high-salt and organic matrices, thus enabling accurate analysis of diluted serum samples without digestion. Its feasibility and reliability were further validated through the analysis of certified serum reference materials and real samples. These results demonstrate that MUSDN-ICP-QMS is a robust and efficient approach for trace metal analysis in volume-limited biological samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 5","pages":" 1908-1916"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ja/d6ja00052e?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147872246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of organic arsenic acids by machine learning-assisted SERS on a silicon-modified coating of Fe3O4@Ag","authors":"Ziqi Zhang, Jianrong Tian, Huaqing Ling, Zhixi Zhao, Shan Chen, Zulihaya Maimaiti, Yufang Ye, Qing Wang and Yongbin Li","doi":"10.1039/D6JA00017G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6JA00017G","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a highly promising technique for the detection and identification of arsenic speciation. In this study, a core–shell substrate, Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small>@SiO<small>₂</small>@Ag nanoparticles, was prepared <em>via</em> a hydrothermal method. Characterization techniques such as TEM, XRD, UV-vis spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, and VSM analyses confirmed that silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were uniformly distributed on the surface of the Fe<small>₃</small>O<small>₄</small> core, with the SiO<small>₂</small> layer serving as a protective shell. The SERS of dimethylarsinic acid and roxarsone on this substrate revealed distinct As–C and As–O stretching vibrations in the range of 600–1000 cm<small>⁻¹</small>. The fabricated substrate exhibited a wide linear detection range (5.0–1000.0 µg L<small>⁻¹</small>). The limits of detection (LODs) for dimethylarsinic acid and roxarsone were 4.0 µg L<small>⁻¹</small> and 0.6 µg L<small>⁻¹</small>, respectively, with enhancement factors (EFs) of 4.12 × 10<small>⁷</small> and 2.54 × 10<small>⁸</small>, respectively. Furthermore, the substrate exhibited good stability, selectivity and resistance to interference from representative compounds. Machine learning models based on partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), random forest (RF), K-nearest neighbors (KNN), and support vector machine (SVM) algorithms effectively identified the SERS spectra of single and mixed organic arsenic acids in natural water samples, achieving a classification accuracy of 99.1%. Theoretical calculations elucidated the synergistic effect of the electromagnetic and chemical mechanisms that contributed to the ultrahigh SERS activity. The photoinduced charge transfer and the formation of electromagnetic hotspots due to coupling between silver nanoparticles effectively promoted the Raman signal intensity. This approach demonstrates the potential of combining advanced machine learning models with SERS for the accurate and efficient analysis of mixed organic arsenic acids in real environmental water samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 5","pages":" 1803-1817"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147872220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurements of M-shell fluorescence yields and Coster–Kronig transition probabilities for Bi and Th employing synchrotron radiation-induced selective photoionization","authors":"Priya, Harpreet Singh, Anil Kumar, A. G. Karydas and Sanjiv Puri","doi":"10.1039/D6JA00069J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6JA00069J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >In the present work, M-shell fluorescence yields (<em>ω</em><small>₃</small>, <em>ω</em><small>₄</small> and <em>ω</em><small>₅</small>) and Coster–Kronig (CK) transition probabilities (<em>f</em><small>₄₅</small>, <em>f</em><small>₃₄</small>, <em>f</em><small>₃₅</small>, <em>f</em><small>₂₃</small>, <em>f</em><small>₂₄</small>, and <em>f</em><small>₂₅</small>) were determined for Bi (<em>Z</em> = 83) and Th (<em>Z</em> = 90) using synchrotron radiation energies tuned across the M<small>_<em>i</em></small> (<em>i</em> = 1–5) sub-shell absorption edges in the energy range of 2.5–5.2 keV. For both elements, two sets of fluorescence yields and Coster–Kronig transition probabilities were experimentally evaluated by employing M-shell photoionization cross sections (PCSs) based on the relativistic Hartree–Fock–Slater (HFS) model tabulated by Scofield and the self-consistent Dirac–Hartree–Fock (DHF) model tabulated by Chantler. The present measured <em>ω</em><small>_<em>i</em></small> and <em>f</em><small>_<em>ij</em></small> values have been compared with two sets of theoretical values based on the non-relativistic Hartree–Slater (NRHS) calculations employing the Hermann–Skillman potential reported by McGuire (1972) and the Dirac–Hartree–Slater (DHS) model predictions reported by Chauhan and Puri (2008) to assess the validity of theoretical approaches. The present work provides new experimental benchmarks for M-shell fluorescence yields and Coster–Kronig transition probabilities, addressing the existing gaps in atomic databases.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 6","pages":" 2050-2059"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"M6, a monazite reference material for fission-track thermochronology","authors":"Jianzhang Pang, Yan Ma, Dewen Zheng, Weixing Li, Zhiyong Zhang, Jing Yang, Huiping Zhang, Ying Wang, Xi Ma, Jingxing Yu, Yizhou Wang and Chaopeng Li","doi":"10.1039/D6JA00010J","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6JA00010J","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The newly established monazite fission track (MFT), with its ultra-low closure temperature (25–45 °C), offers a powerful tool for investigating the latest stage of rock exhumation and the geomorphic evolution of the uppermost crust. However, the absence of a well-characterized reference material has hindered the standardization and inter-laboratory reproducibility of MFT dating. Here, we evaluated the suitability of M6 monazite, a gem-quality megacryst from Espírito Santo, southeast Brazil, as a reference material for MFT dating. Independent age determination conducted by three laboratories, using different microscopes and analytical procedures, yields reproducible results within analytical uncertainty. Using an initial track length of 10.6 ± 0.19 µm, we obtain a weighted mean age of 3.90 ± 0.14 Ma (1SE; MSWD = 3.1). Furthermore, M6 also exhibits highly uniform uranium content and remarkably consistent cerium content (22.9 ± 0.4 wt%) which makes it an excellent compositional reference for U–Th concentration analysis <em>via</em> LA-ICP-MS. The M6 reference material thus holds significant potential for advancing MFT annealing kinetics studies and for developing integrated U–Pb, FT, (U–Th)/He and trace element multi-dating through simultaneous LA-ICP-MS analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 6","pages":" 2012-2023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148202887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interlaboratory comparison of XRF analysis on thin films, including alloys, oxides, multilayers, and a lithium-ion battery material","authors":"André Wählisch, Cornelia Streeck, Yannick Philipp Stenzel, Sascha Nowak, Markus Osenberg, Ingo Manke, Michael Fartmann, Birgit Hagenhoff, Rainer Unterumsberger, Malte Wansleben, Lars Anklamm, Markus Krämer, Peter Gawlitza, Elena Blokhina and Burkhard Beckhoff","doi":"10.1039/D5JA00460H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D5JA00460H","url":null,"abstract":"<p >We report on a comprehensive, international interlaboratory comparison of multiple thin film samples, including pure metals, stoichiometric oxides, multilayers consisting of three different metals, non-stoichiometric alloys, and a lithium-ion battery material based on nickel, manganese, and cobalt oxides. The thickness of the layers ranged from a few tens of nanometers to about one micrometer, depending on the type of thin film. The participants of the interlaboratory comparison analyzed the samples using X-ray fluorescence analysis and a relative standard deviation of the results ranging from about 3% to 17% was observed, with thicker alloy samples tending to perform worse. An extensive pre-characterization scheme was used in the form of different complementary analytical techniques such as X-ray reflectometry, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, and X-ray tomography. Synchrotron-based reference-free X-ray fluorescence analysis measurements were used to determine physically traceable results. Using such a variety of independent methods ensured a robust overall validation approach. This corroborates that calibration samples for such thin films can be designed, produced, and qualified in a flexible and straightforward manner. These calibration samples can easily be integrated into process control for a variety of application fields, including X-ray fluorescence analysis and other techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 5","pages":" 1869-1882"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlepdf/2026/ja/d5ja00460h?page=search","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147872243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Matrix effect investigation and accurate microanalysis of Sn isotopes in cassiterite and bronze by fsLA-MC-ICP-MS","authors":"Deyi Peng, Zhian Bao, Peng Liu, Wenqiang Yang, Kaiyun Chen and Honglin Yuan","doi":"10.1039/D6JA00080K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/D6JA00080K","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study investigated matrix effects during <em>in situ</em> Sn isotope analysis using a femtosecond (fs) laser ablation system coupled to a multi-collector ICP-MS. Contrary to the common perception of “matrix-free” analysis, matrix effects are evident during <em>in situ</em> analysis. The measured <em>δ</em><small>¹²⁴</small>Sn/<small>¹²⁰</small>Sn ratios of cassiterite and bronze deviated from the true values by up to 0.7‰ and 0.5‰, respectively, when using a pure tin metal as the bracketing standard. Introducing water vapour into the carrier gas substantially reduced these matrix effects, though minor deviations, from −0.24‰ to −0.33‰, persisted for cassiterite and bronze when tin metal was used as a non-matrix-matched calibration under wet plasma conditions, indicating that ablation-related processes also contribute to matrix effects. Therefore, matrix-matched reference materials are required for high-precision and accurate Sn isotope analyses of cassiterite and bronze samples. We evaluated four candidate samples, NWU-CAS (a natural cassiterite), NWU-Sn (tin metal plate), GBW02140 and GBW02137 (two certified bronze reference materials from the National Research Center for Certified Reference Material of China). Repeated analyses of the two candidates by fsLA-MC-ICP-MS yielded a good external reproducibility of &lt;0.10% (2SD) for <em>δ</em><small>¹²⁴</small>Sn/<small>¹²⁰</small>Sn, validating their suitability as matrix-matched reference materials for <em>in situ</em> Sn isotope analysis of cassiterite and bronze.</p>","PeriodicalId":81,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry","volume":" 5","pages":" 1917-1927"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147872247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}