APL Photonics最新文献_第3页

A quasi-matching scheme for arbitrary group velocity match in electro-optic modulation 电光调制中任意群速度匹配的准匹配方案

IF 5.6 1区物理与天体物理

APL Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1063/5.0220022

Siyuan Wang, Hongxuan Liu, Mai Wang, Hao Chen, Zhi Ma, Bingcheng Pan, Yishu Huang, Yaqi Shi, Chenlei Li, He Gao, Yeyu Tong, Zongyin Yang, Zejie Yu, Liu Liu, Daoxin Dai

{"title":"A quasi-matching scheme for arbitrary group velocity match in electro-optic modulation","authors":"Siyuan Wang, Hongxuan Liu, Mai Wang, Hao Chen, Zhi Ma, Bingcheng Pan, Yishu Huang, Yaqi Shi, Chenlei Li, He Gao, Yeyu Tong, Zongyin Yang, Zejie Yu, Liu Liu, Daoxin Dai","doi":"10.1063/5.0220022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0220022","url":null,"abstract":"Group velocity and impedance matches are prerequisites for high-speed Mach–Zehnder electro-optic (EO) modulators. However, not all platforms can realize matching conditions, restricting high-speed modulation in many practical conditions. Here, we propose and demonstrate a quasi-matching scheme to satisfy the group velocity and characteristic impedance matches by cascading fast-wave and slow-wave traveling wave electrodes. The effective group velocity can be flexibly adjusted by changing the ratio of fast-wave and slow-wave traveling wave electrodes. Moreover, the quasi-matching scheme is experimentally verified by demonstrating a 6 mm long EO modulator on a thin-film lithium-niobate-on-insulator platform with a silica cladding. The radio frequency signal insertion loss at the boundary of the slow-wave and fast-wave electrodes is less than 0.12 dB. The measured small signal EO response of the quasi-matched EO modulator drops less than 2 dB at 67 GHz, while the measured small-signal EO responses of conventional slow and fast traveling wave EO modulators drop 4 dB at 67 GHz. The measured 100 Gb/s on–off key signal eye-diagrams of the quasi-matched EO modulator also exhibit an overwhelming advantage over conventional schemes. Therefore, our results will open many opportunities for high-speed EO modulators in various platforms.","PeriodicalId":8198,"journal":{"name":"APL Photonics","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thousand foci coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy 千焦点相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射显微镜

IF 5.6 1区物理与天体物理

APL Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1063/5.0220474

Dominykas Gudavičius, Lukas Kontenis, Wolfgang Langbein

引用次数: 0

All-thin film nano-optoelectronic p-GeSn/i-GeSn/n-GeBi heterojunction for near-infrared photodetection and terahertz modulation 用于近红外光电探测和太赫兹调制的全薄膜纳米光电 p-GeSn/i-GeSn/n-GeBi 异质结

IF 5.6 1区物理与天体物理

APL Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1063/5.0225536

Dainan Zhang, Youbin Zheng, Yulong Liao, Cheng Liu, Huaiwu Zhang

{"title":"All-thin film nano-optoelectronic p-GeSn/i-GeSn/n-GeBi heterojunction for near-infrared photodetection and terahertz modulation","authors":"Dainan Zhang, Youbin Zheng, Yulong Liao, Cheng Liu, Huaiwu Zhang","doi":"10.1063/5.0225536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0225536","url":null,"abstract":"High-performance alloy thin films and large-sized thin film wafers for infrared applications are the focus of international researchers. In this study, doped Ge1−xSnx and Ge1−yBiy semiconductor alloy films were grown on a 5-in. silicon (Si) wafer using high-quality Ge films as buffer layers. An efficient technique is presented to reduce the dark current density of near-infrared photoelectric devices. By using boron for p-type doping in Ge1−xSnx films and bismuth (Bi) for n-type doping in Ge1−yBiy films, an all-thin film planar nano-p-i-n optoelectronic device with the structure n-Ge1−yBiy/i-GeSn/p-Ge1−xSnx/Ge buffer/Si substrate has been successfully fabricated. The photoelectric performance of the device was tested, and it was found that the insertion of p-Ge1−xSnx/Ge films reduced the dark current density by 1–2 orders of magnitude. The maximum photoresponsivity reached up to 0.8 A/W, and the infrared photocurrent density ranged from 904 to 935 μA/cm2 under a +1 V bias voltage. Furthermore, the device is capable of modulating a terahertz wave using a voltage signal with a modulation bandwidth of 1.2 THz and a modulation depth of ∼83%, while the modulation rate is 0.5 MHz. This not only provides a clear demonstration of how doped alloy films and the development of nano-p-i-n heterojunctions will improve photoelectric devices’ performance in the near-infrared and terahertz bands, but it also raises the possibility of optoelectronic interconnection applications being achieved through a single device.","PeriodicalId":8198,"journal":{"name":"APL Photonics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photoluminescent cooling with incoherent light 利用非相干光进行光致发光冷却

IF 5.6 1区物理与天体物理

APL Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1063/5.0217272

Sushrut Ghonge, Masaru Kuno, Boldizsár Jankó

{"title":"Photoluminescent cooling with incoherent light","authors":"Sushrut Ghonge, Masaru Kuno, Boldizsár Jankó","doi":"10.1063/5.0217272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0217272","url":null,"abstract":"Optical refrigeration using anti-Stokes photoluminescence is now well established, especially for rare-earth-doped solids where cooling to cryogenic temperatures has recently been achieved. The cooling efficiency of optical refrigeration is constrained by the requirement that the increase in the entropy of the photon field must be greater than the decrease in the entropy of the sample. Laser radiation has been used in all demonstrated cases of optical refrigeration with the intention of minimizing the entropy of the absorbed photons. Here, we show that as long as the incident radiation is unidirectional, the loss of coherence does not significantly affect the cooling efficiency. Using a general formulation of radiation entropy as the von Neumann entropy of the photon field, we show how the cooling efficiency depends on the properties of the light source, such as wavelength, coherence, and directionality. Our results suggest that the laws of thermodynamics permit optical cooling of materials with incoherent sources, such as light emitting diodes and filtered sunlight, almost as efficiently as with lasers. Our findings have significant and immediate implications for design of compact all-solid-state devices cooled via optical refrigeration.","PeriodicalId":8198,"journal":{"name":"APL Photonics","volume":"2013 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On-chip mid-infrared dispersive wave generation at targeted molecular absorption wavelengths 在目标分子吸收波长上产生片上中红外色散波

IF 5.6 1区物理与天体物理

APL Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1063/5.0221176

Seong Cheol Lee, Soobong Park, Daewon Suk, Joonhyuk Hwang, Kiyoung Ko, Won Bae Cho, Duk-Yong Choi, Kwang-Hoon Ko, Fabian Rotermund, Hansuek Lee

{"title":"On-chip mid-infrared dispersive wave generation at targeted molecular absorption wavelengths","authors":"Seong Cheol Lee, Soobong Park, Daewon Suk, Joonhyuk Hwang, Kiyoung Ko, Won Bae Cho, Duk-Yong Choi, Kwang-Hoon Ko, Fabian Rotermund, Hansuek Lee","doi":"10.1063/5.0221176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0221176","url":null,"abstract":"The mid-infrared wavelength region is one of the most important spectral ranges for a variety of applications in monitoring and controlling molecules due to the presence of strong characteristic absorption modes of many molecules. Among various mid-infrared light sources, on-chip supercontinuum sources have garnered significant attention for their high spatial coherence, broad spectral bandwidth, compact size, and dispersion controllability. However, generating a supercontinuum that extends into the molecular fingerprint region typically requires high-energy mid-infrared pump pulses from complex optical systems. In contrast, supercontinuum generated with 1550 nm pump sources, which are generally more compact, has shown limited access to the molecular fingerprint region. In this study, we developed an on-chip supercontinuum source with a dispersive wave generated at a targeted wavelength of up to 4800 nm using a coupled pump energy of about 25 pJ. The pump pulses at a wavelength of 2340 nm were generated from a relatively compact Cr:ZnS laser oscillator. The wavelengths of the generated dispersive waves closely matched the numerically predicted wavelengths. To demonstrate the applicability of the generated dispersive waves for spectroscopic purposes, molecular absorption spectroscopy was performed on the fundamental vibrational modes of 12CO2, 13CO2, and N2O. In addition, their pressures were quantitatively estimated using cepstrum analysis on the measured absorption spectra. The uncertainty in the measured pressure was close to the theoretical limit determined by the uncertainties in the absorption line shape parameters in the HITRAN database, demonstrating the potential of this mid-infrared light source for advanced spectroscopic applications.","PeriodicalId":8198,"journal":{"name":"APL Photonics","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Time stretch with continuous-wave lasers 连续波激光器的时间拉伸

IF 5.6 1区物理与天体物理

APL Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-22 DOI: 10.1063/5.0212958

Tingyi Zhou, Yuta Goto, Takeshi Makino, Callen MacPhee, Yiming Zhou, Asad M. Madni, Hideaki Furukawa, Naoya Wada, Bahram Jalali

{"title":"Time stretch with continuous-wave lasers","authors":"Tingyi Zhou, Yuta Goto, Takeshi Makino, Callen MacPhee, Yiming Zhou, Asad M. Madni, Hideaki Furukawa, Naoya Wada, Bahram Jalali","doi":"10.1063/5.0212958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0212958","url":null,"abstract":"Ultrafast single-shot measurement techniques with high throughput are needed for capturing rare events that occur over short time scales. Such instruments unveil non-repetitive dynamics in complex systems and enable new types of spectrometers, cameras, light scattering, and lidar systems. Photonic time stretch stands out as the most effective method for such applications. However, practical uses have been challenged by the reliance of current time stretch instruments on costly supercontinuum lasers and their fixed spectrum. The challenge is further exacerbated by such a laser’s rigid self-pulsating characteristic, which offers no ability to control the pulse timing. The latter hinders the synchronization of the optical source with the incoming signal—a crucial requirement for the detection of single-shot events. Here, we report the first demonstration of time stretch using electro-optically modulated continuous wave lasers. We do this using diode lasers and modulators commonly used in wavelength-division-multiplexing optical communication systems. This approach offers more cost-effective and compact time stretch instruments and sensors and enables the synchronization of the laser source with the incoming signal. Limitations of this new approach are also discussed, and applications in time stretch microscopy and light scattering are explored.","PeriodicalId":8198,"journal":{"name":"APL Photonics","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low-dispersive silicon nitride waveguide resonators by nanoimprint lithography 利用纳米压印光刻技术实现低色散氮化硅波导谐振器

IF 5.6 1区物理与天体物理

APL Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1063/5.0204857

Pei-Hsun Wang, He-Yuan Zheng, Yuan-Hsiu Liu, Nien-Lin Hou, Chien-Hung Chen, Hung-Wen Chen, Chih-Ming Wang

引用次数: 0

Structural color in fruits: Biomaterials to inspire physical optics 水果中的结构色：激发物理光学的生物材料

IF 5.6 1区物理与天体物理

APL Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1063/5.0208528

R. Middleton, M. Sinnott-Armstrong

{"title":"Structural color in fruits: Biomaterials to inspire physical optics","authors":"R. Middleton, M. Sinnott-Armstrong","doi":"10.1063/5.0208528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0208528","url":null,"abstract":"This Tutorial introduces structural color in fruits as a phenomenon of diverse optical materials. Originally best known in abiotic materials and animals, structural colors are being increasingly described in plants. Structural colors have already inspired a variety of useful products, and plants are especially attractive as models to develop new bioinspired technologies thanks to the comparative ease of working with them compared with animal systems. Already, human-engineered structural colors modeled after plant cellulose-based architectures have shown promising applications in colorants and sensors. However, structural colors include a far broader group of materials and architectures beyond cellulose. Understanding the new and diverse structures that have recently been described in plants should provoke research into new bioinspired products based on plant optical structures and biomaterials. In this Tutorial, we focus on fruits as new structures have recently been discovered, leading to new opportunities for bioinspired technologies. We bring together a review of optical structures found in fruits from a physical optics perspective, with a consideration of each structure as an opportunity in bioinspired and biomimetic design.","PeriodicalId":8198,"journal":{"name":"APL Photonics","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mid-infrared silicon photonics: From benchtop to real-world applications 中红外硅光子学：从台式机到实际应用

IF 5.6 1区物理与天体物理

APL Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1063/5.0222890

Colin J. Mitchell, Tianhui Hu, Shiyu Sun, Callum J. Stirling, Milos Nedeljkovic, Anna C. Peacock, Graham T. Reed, Goran Z. Mashanovich, David J. Rowe

{"title":"Mid-infrared silicon photonics: From benchtop to real-world applications","authors":"Colin J. Mitchell, Tianhui Hu, Shiyu Sun, Callum J. Stirling, Milos Nedeljkovic, Anna C. Peacock, Graham T. Reed, Goran Z. Mashanovich, David J. Rowe","doi":"10.1063/5.0222890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0222890","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon photonics is one of the most dynamic fields within photonics, and it has seen huge progress in the last 20 years, addressing applications in data centers, autonomous cars, and sensing. It is mostly focused on the telecommunications wavelength range (1.3 and 1.55 µm), where silicon becomes transparent. In this range, there are excellent light sources and photodetectors, as well as optical fibers operating with extremely low losses and dispersion. It is a technology that hugely benefits from the availability of complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication infrastructure and techniques used for microelectronics. Silicon and germanium, as another CMOS compatible group IV material, are transparent beyond the wavelength of 2 µm. The mid-IR wavelength range (2–20 µm) is of particular importance as it contains strong absorption signatures of many molecules. Therefore, Si- and Ge-based platforms open up the possibility of small and cost-effective sensing in the fingerprint region for medical and environmental monitoring. In this paper, we discuss the current mid-IR silicon photonics landscape, future directions, and potential applications of the field.","PeriodicalId":8198,"journal":{"name":"APL Photonics","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Linewidth narrowing in self-injection locked lasers: Effects of quantum confinement 自注入锁定激光器的线宽收窄：量子约束的影响

IF 5.6 1区物理与天体物理

APL Photonics Pub Date : 2024-08-16 DOI: 10.1063/5.0214254

Artem Prokoshin, Weng W. Chow, Bozhang Dong, Frederic Grillot, John Bowers, Yating Wan

{"title":"Linewidth narrowing in self-injection locked lasers: Effects of quantum confinement","authors":"Artem Prokoshin, Weng W. Chow, Bozhang Dong, Frederic Grillot, John Bowers, Yating Wan","doi":"10.1063/5.0214254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0214254","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the impact of gain medium on linewidth narrowing in integrated self-injection locked III–V/SiN lasers, theoretically and experimentally. We focus on the effects of carrier densities of states in zero- and two-dimensional structures due to quantum-dot and quantum-well confinement. The theoretical approach includes (a) multimode laser interaction to treat mode competition and wave mixing, (b) quantum-optical contributions from spontaneous emission, and (c) composite laser/free-space eigenmodes to describe outcoupling and coupling among components within an extended cavity. For single-cavity lasers, such as distributed feedback lasers, the model reproduces the experimentally observed better linewidth performance of quantum-dot active regions over quantum-well ones. When applied to integrated III–V/SiN lasers, our analysis indicates Hz-level linewidth performance for both quantum-dot and quantum-well gain media due to overcoming the difference in carrier-induced refractive index by incorporating a high-Q SiN passive resonator. Trade-offs are also explored between linewidth, output power, and threshold current.","PeriodicalId":8198,"journal":{"name":"APL Photonics","volume":"144 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142199495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0