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Annual review of physiology最新文献

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Iron and the Pathophysiology of Diabetes. 铁与糖尿病的病理生理学。
IF 18.2 1区 医学
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 Epub Date: 2022-09-22 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-022522-102832
Alexandria V Harrison, Felipe Ramos Lorenzo, Donald A McClain
{"title":"Iron and the Pathophysiology of Diabetes.","authors":"Alexandria V Harrison, Felipe Ramos Lorenzo, Donald A McClain","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-022522-102832","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-022522-102832","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High iron is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and affects most of its cardinal features: decreased insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and increased hepatic gluconeogenesis. This is true across the normal range of tissue iron levels and in pathologic iron overload. Because of iron's central role in metabolic processes (e.g., fuel oxidation) and metabolic regulation (e.g., hypoxia sensing), iron levels participate in determining metabolic rates, gluconeogenesis, fuel choice, insulin action, and adipocyte phenotype. The risk of diabetes related to iron is evident in most or all tissues that determine diabetes phenotypes, with the adipocyte, beta cell, and liver playing central roles. Molecular mechanisms for these effects are diverse, although there may be integrative pathways at play. Elucidating these pathways has implications not only for diabetes prevention and treatment, but also for the pathogenesis of other diseases that are, like T2DM, associated with aging, nutrition, and iron.</p>","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"339-362"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10161568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10382175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Junctions as Sites of Depolarization-Induced Ca2+ Signaling in Excitable Cells. 内质网-浆膜连接是可兴奋细胞中去极化诱导 Ca2+ 信号传导的场所
IF 18.2 1区 医学
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 Epub Date: 2022-10-06 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-032122-104610
Rose E Dixon, James S Trimmer
{"title":"Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Junctions as Sites of Depolarization-Induced Ca<sup>2+</sup> Signaling in Excitable Cells.","authors":"Rose E Dixon, James S Trimmer","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-032122-104610","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-032122-104610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Membrane contact sites between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM), or ER-PM junctions, are found in all eukaryotic cells. In excitable cells they play unique roles in organizing diverse forms of Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling as triggered by membrane depolarization. ER-PM junctions underlie crucial physiological processes such as excitation-contraction coupling, smooth muscle contraction and relaxation, and various forms of activity-dependent signaling and plasticity in neurons. In many cases the structure and molecular composition of ER-PM junctions in excitable cells comprise important regulatory feedback loops linking depolarization-induced Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling at these sites to the regulation of membrane potential. Here, we describe recent findings on physiological roles and molecular composition of native ER-PM junctions in excitable cells. We focus on recent studies that provide new insights into canonical forms of depolarization-induced Ca<sup>2+</sup> signaling occurring at junctional triads and dyads of striated muscle, as well as the diversity of ER-PM junctions in these cells and in smooth muscle and neurons.</p>","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"217-243"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9918718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10729605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Infectious and Inflammatory Pathways to Cough. 咳嗽的感染和炎症途径
IF 18.2 1区 医学
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 Epub Date: 2022-09-28 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-031422-092315
Kubra F Naqvi, Stuart B Mazzone, Michael U Shiloh
{"title":"Infectious and Inflammatory Pathways to Cough.","authors":"Kubra F Naqvi, Stuart B Mazzone, Michael U Shiloh","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-031422-092315","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-031422-092315","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coughing is a dynamic physiological process resulting from input of vagal sensory neurons innervating the airways and perceived airway irritation. Although cough serves to protect and clear the airways, it can also be exploited by respiratory pathogens to facilitate disease transmission. Microbial components or infection-induced inflammatory mediators can directly interact with sensory nerve receptors to induce a cough response. Analysis of cough-generated aerosols and transmission studies have further demonstrated how infectious disease is spread through coughing. This review summarizes the neurophysiology of cough, cough induction by respiratory pathogens and inflammation, and cough-mediated disease transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"71-91"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9918720/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10746886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Health and Disease. 健康与疾病中的内皮细胞向间充质细胞转化。
IF 18.2 1区 医学
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-032222-080806
Yang Xu, Jason C Kovacic
{"title":"Endothelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Health and Disease.","authors":"Yang Xu,&nbsp;Jason C Kovacic","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-032222-080806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-032222-080806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The endothelium is one of the largest organ systems in the body, and data continue to emerge regarding the importance of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction in vascular aging and a range of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Over the last two decades and as a process intimately related to EC dysfunction, an increasing number of studies have also implicated endothelial to mesenchymal transition (EndMT) as a potentially disease-causal pathobiologic process that is involved in a multitude of differing CVDs. However, EndMT is also involved in physiologic processes (e.g., cardiac development), and transient EndMT may contribute to vascular regeneration in certain contexts. Given that EndMT involves a major alteration in the EC-specific molecular program, and that it potentially contributes to CVD pathobiology, the clinical translation opportunities are significant, but further molecular and translational research is needed to see these opportunities realized.</p>","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"245-267"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9290358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Metabolic Recruitment in Brain Tissue. 脑组织中的代谢补充。
IF 18.2 1区 医学
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021422-091035
L F Barros, I Ruminot, T Sotelo-Hitschfeld, R Lerchundi, I Fernández-Moncada
{"title":"Metabolic Recruitment in Brain Tissue.","authors":"L F Barros,&nbsp;I Ruminot,&nbsp;T Sotelo-Hitschfeld,&nbsp;R Lerchundi,&nbsp;I Fernández-Moncada","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-021422-091035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-021422-091035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Information processing imposes urgent metabolic demands on neurons, which have negligible energy stores and restricted access to fuel. Here, we discuss metabolic recruitment, the tissue-level phenomenon whereby active neurons harvest resources from their surroundings. The primary event is the neuronal release of K<sup>+</sup> that mirrors workload. Astrocytes sense K<sup>+</sup> in exquisite fashion thanks to their unique coexpression of NBCe1 and α2β2 Na<sup>+</sup>/K<sup>+</sup> ATPase, and within seconds switch to Crabtree metabolism, involving GLUT1, aerobic glycolysis, transient suppression of mitochondrial respiration, and lactate export. The lactate surge serves as a secondary recruiter by inhibiting glucose consumption in distant cells. Additional recruiters are glutamate, nitric oxide, and ammonium, which signal over different spatiotemporal domains. The net outcome of these events is that more glucose, lactate, and oxygen are made available. Metabolic recruitment works alongside neurovascular coupling and various averaging strategies to support the inordinate dynamic range of individual neurons.</p>","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"115-135"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10796748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Myostatin: A Skeletal Muscle Chalone. 肌肉生长抑制素:一种骨骼肌抑制剂。
IF 18.2 1区 医学
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-012422-112116
Se-Jin Lee
{"title":"Myostatin: A Skeletal Muscle Chalone.","authors":"Se-Jin Lee","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-012422-112116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-012422-112116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myostatin (GDF-8) was discovered 25 years ago as a new transforming growth factor-β family member that acts as a master regulator of skeletal muscle mass. Myostatin is made by skeletal myofibers, circulates in the blood, and acts back on myofibers to limit growth. Myostatin appears to have all of the salient properties of a chalone, which is a term proposed over a half century ago to describe hypothetical circulating, tissue-specific growth inhibitors that control tissue size. The elucidation of the molecular, cellular, and physiological mechanisms underlying myostatin activity suggests that myostatin functions as a negative feedback regulator of muscle mass and raises the question as to whether this type of chalone mechanism is unique to skeletal muscle or whether it also operates in other tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"269-291"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10163667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9417133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Fatty Acid Transport and Signaling: Mechanisms and Physiological Implications. 脂肪酸转运和信号传导:机制和生理意义。
IF 18.2 1区 医学
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-032122-030352
Dmitri Samovski, Miriam Jacome-Sosa, Nada A Abumrad
{"title":"Fatty Acid Transport and Signaling: Mechanisms and Physiological Implications.","authors":"Dmitri Samovski,&nbsp;Miriam Jacome-Sosa,&nbsp;Nada A Abumrad","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-032122-030352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-032122-030352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-chain fatty acids (FAs) are components of plasma membranes and an efficient fuel source and also serve as metabolic regulators through FA signaling mediated by membrane FA receptors. Impaired tissue FA uptake has been linked to major complications of obesity, including insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes. Fatty acid interactions with a membrane receptor and the initiation of signaling can modify pathways related to nutrient uptake and processing, cell proliferation or differentiation, and secretion of bioactive factors. Here, we review the major membrane receptors involved in FA uptake and FA signaling. We focus on two types of membrane receptors for long-chain FAs: CD36 and the G protein-coupled FA receptors FFAR1 and FFAR4. We describe key signaling pathways and metabolic outcomes for CD36, FFAR1, and FFAR4 and highlight the parallels that provide insight into FA regulation of cell function.</p>","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"317-337"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10730087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Proprioception: A New Era Set in Motion by Emerging Genetic and Bionic Strategies? 直觉：新出现的遗传和仿生策略开启了一个新时代？
IF 15.7 1区 医学
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 Epub Date: 2022-11-18 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-040122-081302
Paul D Marasco, Joriene C de Nooij
{"title":"Proprioception: A New Era Set in Motion by Emerging Genetic and Bionic Strategies?","authors":"Paul D Marasco, Joriene C de Nooij","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-040122-081302","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-040122-081302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The generation of an internal body model and its continuous update is essential in sensorimotor control. Although known to rely on proprioceptive sensory feedback, the underlying mechanism that transforms this sensory feedback into a dynamic body percept remains poorly understood. However, advances in the development of genetic tools for proprioceptive circuit elements, including the sensory receptors, are beginning to offer new and unprecedented leverage to dissect the central pathways responsible for proprioceptive encoding. Simultaneously, new data derived through emerging bionic neural machine-interface technologies reveal clues regarding the relative importance of kinesthetic sensory feedback and insights into the functional proprioceptive substrates that underlie natural motor behaviors.</p>","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":15.7,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10810321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10737598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lung Cell Atlases in Health and Disease. 健康与疾病中的肺细胞图谱。
IF 18.2 1区 医学
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-032922-082826
Taylor S Adams, Arnaud Marlier, Naftali Kaminski
{"title":"Lung Cell Atlases in Health and Disease.","authors":"Taylor S Adams,&nbsp;Arnaud Marlier,&nbsp;Naftali Kaminski","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-032922-082826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-032922-082826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The human lung cellular portfolio, traditionally characterized by cellular morphology and individual markers, is highly diverse, with over 40 cell types and a complex branching structure highly adapted for agile airflow and gas exchange. While constant during adulthood, lung cellular content changes in response to exposure, injury, and infection. Some changes are temporary, but others are persistent, leading to structural changes and progressive lung disease. The recent advance of single-cell profiling technologies allows an unprecedented level of detail and scale to cellular measurements, leading to the rise of comprehensive cell atlas styles of reporting. In this review, we chronical the rise of cell atlases and explore their contributions to human lung biology in health and disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"47-69"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9305327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
Pericytes and the Control of Blood Flow in Brain and Heart. 周细胞与脑、心血流的控制。
IF 18.2 1区 医学
Annual review of physiology Pub Date : 2023-02-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-031522-034807
Thomas A Longden, Guiling Zhao, Ashwini Hariharan, W Jonathan Lederer
{"title":"Pericytes and the Control of Blood Flow in Brain and Heart.","authors":"Thomas A Longden,&nbsp;Guiling Zhao,&nbsp;Ashwini Hariharan,&nbsp;W Jonathan Lederer","doi":"10.1146/annurev-physiol-031522-034807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-physiol-031522-034807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pericytes, attached to the surface of capillaries, play an important role in regulating local blood flow. Using optogenetic tools and genetically encoded reporters in conjunction with confocal and multiphoton imaging techniques, the 3D structure, anatomical organization, and physiology of pericytes have recently been the subject of detailed examination. This work has revealed novel functions of pericytes and morphological features such as tunneling nanotubes in brain and tunneling microtubes in heart. Here, we discuss the state of our current understanding of the roles of pericytes in blood flow control in brain and heart, where functions may differ due to the distinct spatiotemporal metabolic requirements of these tissues. We also outline the novel concept of electro-metabolic signaling, a universal mechanistic framework that links tissue metabolic state with blood flow regulation by pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells, with capillary K<sub>ATP</sub> and Kir2.1 channels as primary sensors. Finally, we present major unresolved questions and outline how they can be addressed.</p>","PeriodicalId":8196,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of physiology","volume":"85 ","pages":"137-164"},"PeriodicalIF":18.2,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10280497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9657121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
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